Human Pelvis anatomy is basic and fundamental and essential topic every obstetrician need to know and learn thoroughly and practice every day to become more perfect.
this is the first part of my FACE PRESENTATION.this ppt contains all the required content for a face presentation and mechanism of labour in face presntation and also for diagnosis i uploaded another ppt. the main objective of my ppt is the viewers shouldn't get bored of what we say this is simplified yet professional .. have a look at it and enjoy, thank you.
this is the first part of my FACE PRESENTATION.this ppt contains all the required content for a face presentation and mechanism of labour in face presntation and also for diagnosis i uploaded another ppt. the main objective of my ppt is the viewers shouldn't get bored of what we say this is simplified yet professional .. have a look at it and enjoy, thank you.
This topic contains definition, incidence, types, causes, diagnosis, mechanism, management of occipito posterior position and deep transverse arrest and manual rotation of occipito posterior position
Fetal skull is to some extent compressible and made mainly of thin pliable tabular (flat) bones forming
the vault. This is anchored to the rigid and incompressible bones at the base of the skull.
Case Study on Intrauterine Growth RestrictionAbhineet Dey
A clinically based study of a case of Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) or Foetal Growth Restriction (FGR).
Moderator:
Dr M. K. Mazumdar
Asst. Professor,
Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynaecology,
Gauhati Medical College & Hospital
Presented by:
29: Abhineet Dey
30: Devasree Kalita
31: Parishmita Sharma
33: Ankur Jain
34: Dhurjyoti Nath
35: Mousumi Mehtaz
42: Liza Hazarika
Students of 8th Semester,
Gauhati Medical College & Hospital, Guwahati, Assam
This topic contains definition, incidence, types, causes, diagnosis, mechanism, management of occipito posterior position and deep transverse arrest and manual rotation of occipito posterior position
Fetal skull is to some extent compressible and made mainly of thin pliable tabular (flat) bones forming
the vault. This is anchored to the rigid and incompressible bones at the base of the skull.
Case Study on Intrauterine Growth RestrictionAbhineet Dey
A clinically based study of a case of Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) or Foetal Growth Restriction (FGR).
Moderator:
Dr M. K. Mazumdar
Asst. Professor,
Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynaecology,
Gauhati Medical College & Hospital
Presented by:
29: Abhineet Dey
30: Devasree Kalita
31: Parishmita Sharma
33: Ankur Jain
34: Dhurjyoti Nath
35: Mousumi Mehtaz
42: Liza Hazarika
Students of 8th Semester,
Gauhati Medical College & Hospital, Guwahati, Assam
This topic includes difference between female and male pelvis, various pelvis types, general description of pelvis bones, division of pelvis, landmarks of pelvis, plane, axis, sacral angle, diameters of inlet, cavity and outlet.
Congenital anomalies of baby are not uncommon. They do occur sporadiacally. They may be major or minor malformations.
They may be lethal and irreparable sometimes.
Corona virus infection is a pandemic infection leading to high mortality and it can affect pregnant women also. They need a special attention since we need to treat mother and newborn also. Though definitive guidelines have not been established still we need to follow few fundamental principles in the management.The guidelines are likely to be introduced in due course of time.
Fetus is another patient needs to be given adequate attention and importance to find out whether it is alright or sick. This presentation will give a brief skeleton of tests to be done.
A great Indian sage and a great disciple of Sri Ramakrishna Parama Hamsa. His quotes are essential for the human-beings for passing through difficult stages of lives
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Basavarajeeyam is a Sreshta Sangraha grantha (Compiled book ), written by Neelkanta kotturu Basavaraja Virachita. It contains 25 Prakaranas, First 24 Chapters related to Rogas& 25th to Rasadravyas.
CDSCO and Phamacovigilance {Regulatory body in India}NEHA GUPTA
The Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) is India's national regulatory body for pharmaceuticals and medical devices. Operating under the Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, the CDSCO is responsible for approving new drugs, conducting clinical trials, setting standards for drugs, controlling the quality of imported drugs, and coordinating the activities of State Drug Control Organizations by providing expert advice.
Pharmacovigilance, on the other hand, is the science and activities related to the detection, assessment, understanding, and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problems. The primary aim of pharmacovigilance is to ensure the safety and efficacy of medicines, thereby protecting public health.
In India, pharmacovigilance activities are monitored by the Pharmacovigilance Programme of India (PvPI), which works closely with CDSCO to collect, analyze, and act upon data regarding adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Together, they play a critical role in ensuring that the benefits of drugs outweigh their risks, maintaining high standards of patient safety, and promoting the rational use of medicines.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control program
Pelvis - Obstetrical Significance
1. Dr. Chaduvula Suresh Babu
Professor
Department of OBGYN
GIMSR
Visakhapatnam, AP, India
2. It is made up of 4 bones
1. Os innominatum [2]
2. Sacrum
3. Coccyx
Os innominatum is made up of 3 bones
1. Ilium
2. Ischium
3. Pubis
3. Pelvis has 4 joints
1. Pubic symphysis – Fibrocartilagenous jt. It
has 3 ligaments – superior and inferior pubic
ligaments and arcuate ligament in between
2. Sacroiliac jt. Or synchondrosis [2] -
synovial
3. Sacrococcygeal jt. – Synovial hinge
4. 1. Angle of inclination – 55-60 degrees [more
the angle bad is outcome]
2. Sacral Angle – 90 degrees [ less is bad]
3. Subpubic angle – 85-90 degrees [ less is
bad and it will increase waste space of
Morris]
5. Any decrease in diameter will alter mechanism of
labour. They are
1. AP diameter of Inlet – 11cm
2. AP diameter of least pelvic dimension – 11.5 cm
3. ISD – 10.5 cm
4. AP diameter of outlet – 11.5 cm
5. ITD – 11 cm
6. Obstetrical conjugate – 10cm
7. Diagonal conjugate – 12.5 cm
8. True or Anatomical conjugate or conjugate vera -
11cm
6.
7.
8. There are 4 types – Caldwell Moloy
classification
1. Gynaecoid type [50%]
2. Android type [25 %]
3. Anthropoid type [20%]
4. Platypelloid type [ 5%]
9. Pelvis is divided into Pelvis Major or False
Pelvis and Pelvis Minor or True Pelvis by Linea
Terminalis.
Linea Terminalis is formed by upper border of
Sacral vertebra, arcuate line of the Ilium and
pectineal line of the Pubis.
Pelvis above linea is Pelvis major.
Pelvis below linea is Pelvis minor.
10. True Pelvis is divided into Inlet, Cavity and
Outlet.
Inlet or Brim is formed by from anterior to
posterior upper border of symphysis pubis,
pubic crest, pubic tubercle, pectineal line
iliopubic eminence, iliopectineal line,
sacroiliac joint, anterior border of ala of
sacrum and upper border of sacral
promontory and same on the opposite side.
11.
12. Described as a bent cylinder with deep
posterior wall than the anterior.
Extends from inlet above to the outlet below.
In erect position, direction of cavity is
downwards and backwards in the upper part
and forwards and downwards in the lower
part and this curve is called “Curve of Carus”
which is J shaped.
13. Length of anterior wall of pelvis is 5 cm and
posterior is 10 cm.
Boundaries of true pelvis is formed by, bones,
ligaments, muscles and fascia around them.
Bony boundaries are posteriorly anterir surface
of sacrum, laterally ischial bones, sacrosciatic
nothes and anteriorly pubic bones, ascending
rami of pubis and obturator foramina.
Ligaments like sacrotuberous and sacrospinous
ligaments and fascia surrounding them.
Muscles are posteriorly by cocygeus, laterally
pyriformis and obturator internus, inferiorly
levator ani.
14. Musculoaponeurotic part separating
peritoneal cavity from vulva.
It is made up of levator ani and coccygei
muscles.
It has 3 orifices. They are urethral meatus,
vaginal introitus and anus.
15. 1. Plane of Inlet – corresponds to brim of
pelvis – It has AP, transvers and oblique
diameters – 11,13 and 12 cm and post sagital
4cm
2. Plane of greatest pelvic dimension –
middle of posterior part of sym. Pubis to jt.
Of 2nd and 3 rd sacral vertebra and laterally
no bony land marks. It has 2 diameters – AP –
12 and Trans. 12 cm
16. 3. Plane of least pelvic dimension – lower
border of Symphysis Pubis to ischial spine
upto tip of 5th sacral vertebra or jt. of S4 and
S5. It has AP 11.5 cm. ISD – 10cm and Post.
Sagital – 4.5 cm
4. Plane of outlet – lower border of sym.
Pubis to ischail tuberosity to tip of coccyx
formed anteriorly by urogenital triangle
formed by ischiopubic rami and line joining
ischial tuberosities & posteriorly by anal
triangle formed by tip of coccyx and line
joining ischial tuberosities. It has AP 11.5 ,
ITD 11cm and Post sagital 7.5 cm
17. 1. Station of the presenting part
2. Internal rotation occurs
3. Levator ani muscle exists
4. Pudendal block
5. Forward curvature of pelvis occurs
6. Narrowest plane
It has 3 diameters –
1. Interspinous – 10cm
2. AP diameter- 11.5 cm
3. Post.sagital – 4.5 cm
18. Inlet has 3 boundaries –
Anteriorly – symphysis pubis and horizontal
rami of pubis
Laterally – linea terminalis
Posteriorly – sacral promontory and alae of
sacrum
It has 3 diameters
1. AP dia.[3] -
2. Transverse - 13 cm – farthest pts. Of linea
3. Oblique dia- 12 cm – SI.jt to iliopectineal
eminence
19. Antero-postero diameter has 3 diameters.
1. Obstetrical conjugate – important – from
sacral promontory to neaest point on the
post. Surface of pubis – 10 cm
2. Diagonal conjugate – clinically detected –
from sacral Promontory to lower border of SP
or apex of pubic arch – 12cm [DC-1.5 to 2cm
is obs.conj.]
3. Anatomical conjugate or conjugate vera or
true conjugate – from sacral promontory to
inner surface of upper part of sym. Pubis –
11cm
21. It is the distance
between lateral brim
of the pelvis to
ischial spines.
22.
23.
24. Irregular in outline and formed by 2 triangles
with intervening inter-tuberous line.
Boundaries are-
Posteriorly – tip of coccyx
Laterally – ischial tuberosities
Anteriorly - Pubic arch formed by rami of
ischium and pubis
25. 3 diameters
1. AP diameter – from lower border of SP to
tip of coccyx - 9.5 to 11.5 cm
2. Transverse – Bituberous – 11 cm
3. Post.sagital diameter – tip of sacrum to
transecting point of bitubrous diameter – 7.5
cm
26. 1. Relaxation of sacroiliac joints and SP
occurs due to Relaxin in pregnancy
2. Upward gliding movement of SI jt. occurs
3. At the time of delivery in dorsal lithotomy
position displacement of SIJ occurs by 1.5 to
2 cm
4. In shoulder dystocia while doing
McRobert’s technique success occurs due to
mobility of SIJ
27. 1. Gynecoid –
Inlet is round or oval
Mid pelvis – side walls parallel and iscial
spines not prominent, ISD -10cm
Outlet – Pubic arch is wide
Sacrum – inclined neither anterior or
posterior and sacro-sciatic notches are round
29. 3. Anthropoid
Inlet is Oval antero-posteriorly
Cavity – convergent , spines prominent
Outlet – Arch- narrow
Sacrum – 6 segments and sacrosciatic notch is
large
Importance - Persistent OccipitoPosterior
Position
30. 4. Platypelloid
Inlet – Oval transversely
Cavity – side walls straight, spines not
prominent, ISD wide
Outlet – Arch is wider, ITD wide
Sacrum – Sacral inclination average,
sacrosciatic notch – narrow
Importance – Difficulty in engagement of
Head
31. 1. Rachtic Pelvis – A child with rickets no
treated properly.
2. Naegele’s Pelvis – Absence of one ala of
sacrum
3. Robert’s Pelvis – Absence of both ala
4. Pelvic deformity due to Spinal problems
and lower limb problems. Ex.- pott’s spine,
spinal injuries, fracture vertebra and femur,
Poliomyelitis etc.,
32. Most of the pelves are mixed varieties. It
means it has combination of 2 types of
pelves.
Gynecoid pelvis with Android tendency – Here
posterior segment denotes type and anterior
segment signifies android tendency.