Cylinder-Deactivation

1. Cylinder Deactivation

2. Content
• Introduction
• Approach to the Problem
• Cylinder deactivation mechanism
• Methods used for cylinder deactivation
• Advantages
• Disadvantages
• Key players using cylinder deactivation
• Future trends
• Conclusion

3. Introduction
• Reducing fuel consumption
• Cutting emission of green house gases
• Cylinders are shutdown during light load
• Reduce pumping losses
• 8-25% reduction in fuel consumption

4. • More cylinders - More fuel to keep running.
• Not using all cylinders - Less fuel.
• Overtaking - High-speed runs on the freeway-
Require - High output
• Most ordinary situations, high power output
not required all the time.
Introduction

5. • Under no circumstances - you would use 100%
of the engine's power
• Cruising speed – Only a fraction of power -
High power not required.
• Low-mid RPM range, Part-throttle.
• Accelerator pedal not down, save fuel. Not all
cylinders are operating at full capacity.
• Cylinder deactivation allows the engine to
stop using some of its cylinders when that
extra power isn’t needed.
Introduction

6. Cylinder Deactivation Mechanism
• Considerations:
• Coolant temperature, vehicle speed, engine load
parameters.
• Action:
• Disable exhaust/inlet valves, spark plug, fuel.

7. CDA Hardware
Components:
• Electronic Control Module
• Solenoid valves
• Hydraulic subsytem
• Lifter locking pin mechanism

9. Engine Control Module
• Measuring multiple instantaneous events
• Dynamic response for coordinating the
deactivation hardware with other engine
control functions.
• Dynamic response: solenoid plunger, hydraulic
subsytem, lifter locking pin.

10. Methods
• Displacement on Demand
• (General Motors)
• Variable Cylinder Management
• (Lotus Automotive System)
• Active Valve Train Technology

11. Displacement on Demand

12. Variable Cylinder Management

13. Cylinder-On-Demand system

14. Active Cylinder Technology (ACT)

15. Advantages
• Increased fuel efficiency (10-20%)
• Decreased emissions from deactivated
cylinders
• Better breathing capability of the engine,
thereby reducing power consumed in suction
stroke.

16. Disadvantages
• Earlier Engines – balancing issue.
• Increased cost of manufacturing
• Overall increase in weight

17. Cylinder Deactivation Trends
• Active Valve Train Technology - uses valve
controls with high speed hydraulic actuators
there by eliminating the use of Cam shaft.
• Tula Technologies - developed a technology -
Dynamic Skip Fire.
• Monitors torque demands and determines
whether or not to fire each cylinder at each
firing opportunity. General Motors – investor -
future models.

18. Conclusion
• Pollution free environment –
• Norms like EUROIII & BS6 (Bharath Stage VI).
• Future world demands automobile with less
fuel. A Solution- Cylinder Deactivation.