MEMS

1. Motronic Engine Management
System

2. Technology Outline
The Engine Management System (EMS) is responsible for controlling the amount of fuel
being injected and for adjusting the ignition timing. Optimum functioning of the EMS
assures maximum engine power, with the lowest amount of exhaust emissions and the
lowest fuel consumption.

3. ▪Why there is a need to study of engine management
system?

4. Tasks of EMS
While studying engine management system, it is important to understand the primary
tasks of EMS.
❖To adjust the torque desired and the input given by driver depressing the accelerator
pedal.
❖To operate the engine in such a away as to comply with the requirements of
uncompromising emission control.
❖To ensure the lowest possible fuel consumption.
❖To guarantee high levels of driving comfort and pleasure.

5. Important aspects of EMS
When studying EMS, it is important to understand two aspects:
❖Function and
❖Performance

6. Engine Management System
A self contained custom built computer which controls the running of an engine by monitoring
❖The engine speed
❖The engine load and
❖The engine temperature
Providing the ignition spark at the right time for prevailing conditions and metering the fuel to
the engine in the exact quantity required.

7. Components of EMS
❖Air system
❖Fuel system
❖Ignition system
❖Crankshaft control
❖External exhaust gas recirculation
❖Exhaust gas turbocharging and
❖Emission control system

8. Engine Control System

9. Hardware Architecture of Automotive
Engine ECU
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5AQ07-LF5JA

10. Fuel Injector

11. Electrical Activation of Injector
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jn_jHlY1sDE

12. Engine Control Components

13. Engine Management ECU

14. Electronic Throttle Control Module

15. ECU Hardware

16. ECU System Blocks

17. ECU Structure

18. Air-Fuel ratio control module

19. Advantages of using Electronic Engine
Controls

20. Contd…

21. Ignition System
What is an Ignition system?
Why is it essential to use a ignition system in a spark ignition engine?
What are the types of ignition systems we use?

22. Spark Plug
A spark plug is an electrical device that fits into the cylinder head of some internal
combustion engines and ignites compressed aerosol gasoline by means of an electric
spark.

23. Types of Ignition Systems
Basically conventional Ignition Systems are of two types.
❖Battery or Coil ignition system and
❖Magneto ignition system

24. Battery or Coil Ignition System
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OMLSNwQiiKg

25. Magneto Ignition System

26. Comparison between Battery and
Magneto Ignition system

27. Electronic Diesel Control

28. Calculation of fuel-injection process in ECU

29. Automotive Lighting Technology
The lighting system of an automobile comprises of various lighting and signalling devices of
components fixed to front, rear and to the sides of the vehicle.

30. Automotive Lighting Technology
How many light bulbs are on a modern vehicle?
❖Taillights – 8
❖Front – 6
❖Side - 4
❖Interior – 15
❖IP & Controls – 22 – 24
❖Total - 56

31. Automotive Light Sources
❖Thermal Radiators
❖Halogen Lamp
❖Gas-Discharge lamps
❖Light Emitting Diodes

32. Thermal Radiators
The most common type of “lamp” or bulb is the incandescent light bulb. These types of light
bulbs are the oldest and simplest form of bulb technology, dating back to Thomas Edison’s
experiments with filament types back in 1879.

33. Halogen Lamp
There are two types of Halogen Lamp:
❖One tungsten filament lamp
❖Two tungsten filament lamp

34. Gas Discharge Lamp
Gas discharge describes the electrical discharge that occurs when an electrical current flows
through a gad and causes it to emit radiation.

35. High and Low beam lights

36. Litronic
The Litronic is nothing but the light electronics headlamps system.

37. Headlamp levelling control
A headlamp levelling system adjusts the height of the cut-off line to the load condition of the vehicle.
There are three types of headlamp levelling systems that are used by the automobile industries:
1. Manual headlamp levelling systems
2. Semi automatic headlamp levelling systems
3. Automatic headlamp levelling systems

38. Electronic Stability Program
The electronic stability program (ESP®) supports the driver in nearly all critical driving situations. It
comprises the functions of the antilock braking system (ABS) and the traction control system, but can do
considerably more.

39. ESP BENEFITS FOR DRIVER
•Counteracts vehicle skidding
•Provides effective support in critical driving situations
•Value-added functions provide additional driving safety, and enhanced driving comfort
and driving agility
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5IP-pgKrNV8

40. Anti-lock Braking System
Anti-lock braking system is an automobile safety system which is used to prevent the wheel
locking.
❖The ABS was 1st
developed in the year 1929
❖In 1985, 1st
time ABS was installed on US vehicles

41. What is the need for ABS
The main objectives of ABS are :
❖To reduce the stopping distance
❖To increase the stability
❖Steerability

42. Main components of ABS
The major components of the ABS are:
❖ECU
❖Hydraulic control unit or modulator
❖Power booster and master cylinder
❖Wheel speed sensor

43. Principle of Operation

44. Working of ABS

45. Types of ABS
ABS are classified into 4 different types:
❖Four-channel Four-sensor ABS
❖Three-channel Three sensor ABS
❖Two-channel ABS
❖One-channel ABS

46. Advantages
❖It allows the driver to maintain directional stability and control over steering during breaking.
❖Safe and effective driving.
❖Automatically changes the brake fluid pressure at each wheel to maintain optimum brake
performance.
❖ABS absorbs the unwanted turbulence shock waves and modulates the pulses thus permitting
the wheel to continue turning under maximum braking pressure.

47. ADAS
ADA systems are designed to increase the car safety, more generally road safety.
The different examples of driver assistance systems designed to maximise the driver safety are
❖Antilock Braking System
❖Adaptive Cruise Control
❖Blind spot detection
❖Driver drowsiness detection
❖Electronic stability program
❖Emergency braking system, etc…

48. Adaptive Cruise Control
Adaptive cruise control is an automotive feature that allows a vehicle’s cruise control system to
adapt the vehicle’s speed to the traffic environment.
It was introduced in 1970’s in USA.

49. Basic Structure of the ACC

50. Occupant Protection Systems
Automobile safety
Scientific domain that is related to the study, design, construction and regulation of
technology to minimize the occurrence and consequences of road traffic accidents.
The Automobile safety systems are classified into two types:
❖Active safety systems and
❖Passive safety systems

51. Classifications of active and passive
safety systems

52. Examples of Active safety systems

53. Examples of Passive safety systems

54. Seat belts
Seat belts and seat belt pretensioners provide the greater part of the protective effect since
they absorb 50 to 60% of the impact energy.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=be3KPHjYbc8

55. Airbags
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R4ekbB5EzZM