A brief introduction to SNOMED CT - the ontology based medical terminology. This covers the basic definitions, the difference between SNOMED CT and ICD9, Post co-ordination use-cases and some general information.
This is not an extensive guide for SNOMED CT adoption in a system
This presentation deals with the basics of SNOMED CT with respect to it being a code for computer systems to interpret medical knowledge and initiate action. This is explained specifically with the medical professionals in mind.
It begins by discussing what SNOMED CT actually is and then moving on to demonstrate how the code system can be used to merge clinical documents written in different languages into one as well as how it can help in automating repetitive tasks using an if-then-else rules engine.
Anne Casey RN MSc FRCN
Editor, Paediatric Nursing
Royal College of Nursing Adviser on Information Standards
Clinical Domain Lead, NHS Information Standards Board for Health and Social Care
(15/10/08, SNOMED Workshop)
Clinical Documentation Guidelines for ICD-10-CMPamela Marasco
How Do You Rate Yourself as an Adopter of Change? Assess your willingness to implement new clinical documentation standards for ICD-10-CM. Improve your practice for clinical documentation to ensure proper selection of ICD-10-CM Coding Guidelines. Because EVERYTHING IS CHANGING!
A brief introduction to SNOMED CT - the ontology based medical terminology. This covers the basic definitions, the difference between SNOMED CT and ICD9, Post co-ordination use-cases and some general information.
This is not an extensive guide for SNOMED CT adoption in a system
This presentation deals with the basics of SNOMED CT with respect to it being a code for computer systems to interpret medical knowledge and initiate action. This is explained specifically with the medical professionals in mind.
It begins by discussing what SNOMED CT actually is and then moving on to demonstrate how the code system can be used to merge clinical documents written in different languages into one as well as how it can help in automating repetitive tasks using an if-then-else rules engine.
Anne Casey RN MSc FRCN
Editor, Paediatric Nursing
Royal College of Nursing Adviser on Information Standards
Clinical Domain Lead, NHS Information Standards Board for Health and Social Care
(15/10/08, SNOMED Workshop)
Clinical Documentation Guidelines for ICD-10-CMPamela Marasco
How Do You Rate Yourself as an Adopter of Change? Assess your willingness to implement new clinical documentation standards for ICD-10-CM. Improve your practice for clinical documentation to ensure proper selection of ICD-10-CM Coding Guidelines. Because EVERYTHING IS CHANGING!
Explains about Health Record Standards, ICTs, Standards for Healthcare Sector, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. For more information visit: http://www.transformhealth-it.org/
Provides an overview of SNOMED CT concentrating on its fundamentals, advantages and disadvantages of use, how its logical model is designed, the relationships and attribute name-value pairing, and pre- & post-coordinated expressions
This presentation talks about the context of developing the Electronic Health records for India. the guidelines as mentioned in the GOI site is described vividly with examples, for better understanding.
N.B: Please download the ppt first, for the animations to work better.
ICD-10 is an unknown terrain that the country is going toward. No one knows what to expect. Some expect productivity to decrease by as much as 50% due to its implementation. Some predict this new system will result in a shortage of coders. Is any of this true? This presentation will investigate the impacts – both foreseen and unforeseen – that ICD-10 implementation will have on radiology billing companies and radiology groups.
ICD-10 Presentation Takes Coding to New HeightsPYA, P.C.
PYA Staff Consultant Kim-Marie Walker updated physicians at Robins Air Force Base on the latest in ICD-10 as part of “Soaring Together: A Collaboration in Continuing Medical Education."
introduction to ICD 10 course ,presented according to the health offices computerization under the supervision of the national information center -Ministry of health and population.
ICD-10-CM is the United States’ clinical modification of the World Health Organization’s (WHO) International Classification of Diseases (ICD) Tenth Revision. It is used to classify diseases and causes of illness recorded on health records, claims, and other vital information.
The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) will require covered entities (i.e., health plans, health care providers, and health care clearinghouses) that conduct electronic HIPAA standard transactions to move from ICD-9 to the next generation ICD-10 code sets by October 1, 2015.
The ICD-11 is the eleventh revision of the International Classification of Diseases. It will replace the ICD-10 as the global standard for coding health information and causes of death. The ICD is developed and annually updated by the World Health Organization
Explains about Health Record Standards, ICTs, Standards for Healthcare Sector, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. For more information visit: http://www.transformhealth-it.org/
Provides an overview of SNOMED CT concentrating on its fundamentals, advantages and disadvantages of use, how its logical model is designed, the relationships and attribute name-value pairing, and pre- & post-coordinated expressions
This presentation talks about the context of developing the Electronic Health records for India. the guidelines as mentioned in the GOI site is described vividly with examples, for better understanding.
N.B: Please download the ppt first, for the animations to work better.
ICD-10 is an unknown terrain that the country is going toward. No one knows what to expect. Some expect productivity to decrease by as much as 50% due to its implementation. Some predict this new system will result in a shortage of coders. Is any of this true? This presentation will investigate the impacts – both foreseen and unforeseen – that ICD-10 implementation will have on radiology billing companies and radiology groups.
ICD-10 Presentation Takes Coding to New HeightsPYA, P.C.
PYA Staff Consultant Kim-Marie Walker updated physicians at Robins Air Force Base on the latest in ICD-10 as part of “Soaring Together: A Collaboration in Continuing Medical Education."
introduction to ICD 10 course ,presented according to the health offices computerization under the supervision of the national information center -Ministry of health and population.
ICD-10-CM is the United States’ clinical modification of the World Health Organization’s (WHO) International Classification of Diseases (ICD) Tenth Revision. It is used to classify diseases and causes of illness recorded on health records, claims, and other vital information.
The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) will require covered entities (i.e., health plans, health care providers, and health care clearinghouses) that conduct electronic HIPAA standard transactions to move from ICD-9 to the next generation ICD-10 code sets by October 1, 2015.
The ICD-11 is the eleventh revision of the International Classification of Diseases. It will replace the ICD-10 as the global standard for coding health information and causes of death. The ICD is developed and annually updated by the World Health Organization
A Study of Semantic Proximity between Archetype Terms based on SNOMED CT Rela...Jose Iglesias
The aim of OpenEHR archetypes is sharing clinical data in a unambiguous and
accurate way. Standard terminologies, such as SNOMED CT, provide an appro-
priate method of expressing unambiguous and interoperable clinical data terms.
However, nowadays bindings to terminologies are infrequent in the archetypes,
probably because manual mapping requires a lot of human resources.
The work has analyzed clinical archetypes and has detected a high degree of
semantic proximity between their terms, using the SNOMED CT relationships
as a reference. Moreover, taking advantage of this, an automated method to
map archetype terms to SNOMED CT concepts has been proposed. The method
exploits the SNOMED CT relationships to limit the searches to relevant portions
of the terminology. This contribution clearly improves mapping results.
This research shows that it is possible to automatically map archetype terms
to a standard terminology with a high precision and recall, with the help of
appropriate contextual and semantic information of both models.
Classification schemes, thesauri and other Knowledge Organization Systems - a...Antoine Isaac
"Classification schemes, thesauri and other Knowledge Organization Systems - a Linked Data perspective".
Presentation at the Pelagios Linked Pasts event, July 20-21, 2015.
http://pelagios-project.blogspot.co.uk/2015/03/linked-pasts.html
Introduction to Snow Owl - A tool for SNOMED CTSnow Owl
This tutorial gives an overview of the main functions of Snow Owl, which is a tool for browsing and authoring clinical terminologies (e.g. SNOMED CT, ICD-10, ICD-10-AM, ATC, LOINC). The following topics are covered: Introduction to the user interface, browsing, content authoring, reference sets, and semantic searches. Exercises at the end of each section allow you to test your knowledge.
The slides are from the Snow Owl workshop at the 2013 IHTSDO showcase in Washington, D.C.
Please see our website http://b2i.sg for further information.
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a common complication of scleroderma that leads to inflammation and scarring of the lungs. In this session, we will review the prevalence of scleroderma-associated ILD (SSc-ILD), classic symptoms, and the approach to evaluating patients with suspected disease. In addition, we will cover various treatments available for patients with SSc-ILD.
This talk was presented at the Scleroderma Patient Education Conference on May 4, 2024, hosted by the Scleroderma Foundation of Greater Chicago.
For more info about scleroderma and the foundation, head to www.stopscleroderma.org
The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) is a globally recognized system for classifying and coding diseases, health conditions, and related factors. It is maintained and updated by the World Health Organization (WHO) and serves several critical functions in healthcare and epidemiology. To describe the ICD comprehensively within 3000 characters, we'll cover its history, purpose, structure, and significance.
**History:**
The roots of the ICD can be traced back to the mid-19th century when various countries began documenting statistics on causes of death. The need for a standardized classification system became evident as different nations used their own systems, hindering international comparisons. The ICD was officially established in its modern form in 1948, with subsequent revisions and updates.
**Purpose:**
The primary purposes of the ICD are as follows:
1. **Disease Classification:** The ICD provides a systematic way to categorize diseases and health conditions. Each condition is assigned a unique code, which simplifies data collection and reporting.
2. **Clinical Diagnosis:** Healthcare professionals use the ICD to document and communicate diagnoses. This aids in patient care, medical billing, and insurance claims processing.
3. **Epidemiology:** The ICD is crucial for monitoring and analyzing disease patterns on a global scale. It helps identify emerging health threats, allocate resources, and develop public health policies.
4. **Health Statistics:** Governments and health organizations use the ICD to compile health statistics, such as causes of death and disease prevalence. This information guides healthcare planning and resource allocation.
**Structure:**
The ICD is organized into chapters, sections, and codes. The current version, ICD-10, is divided into 22 chapters, covering a wide range of health-related topics. Here's an overview of some key chapters:
- **Chapter I:** Certain infectious and parasitic diseases
- **Chapter II:** Neoplasms (cancers)
- **Chapter III:** Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs
- **Chapter IV:** Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases
- **Chapter V:** Mental and behavioral disorders
- **Chapter VI:** Diseases of the nervous system
- **Chapter VII:** Diseases of the eye and adnexa
- **Chapter VIII:** Diseases of the ear and mastoid process
- **Chapter IX:** Diseases of the circulatory system
- **Chapter X:** Diseases of the respiratory system
- **Chapter XI:** Diseases of the digestive system
- **Chapter XII:** Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue
- **Chapter XIII:** Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue
- **Chapter XIV:** Diseases of the genitourinary system
- **Chapter XV:** Pregnancy, childbirth, and the puerperium
- **Chapter XVI:** Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period
- **Chapter XVII:** Congenital malformations, deformations, and chromosomal abnormalities
- **Chapter XVIII:** Symptoms, signs, and abnormal clinical and labor
AHIMA Game of documentation - dance with the icd10 dragonNick van Terheyden
Following on from AHIMA 2014 this AHIMA 2015 session will follow last years Successful Presentation “Game of Documentation: Winter is Coming – Surviving ICD-10” to address the genuine concerns of clinicians and demonstrate to them why they must not just accept ICD10 but should be demanding it. As Yoda said
“Always in motion is the future…a little more knowledge lights our way.”
ICD-10 has been implemented but resistance remains high and in a recent remarks by the AMA president that said
“If it was a droid, ICD-10 would serve Darth Vader… For more than a decade, the AMA kept ICD-10 at bay – and we want to freeze it in carbonite!”
But despite this the financial viability and performance of hospitals and physicians are impacted by poor quality of data that is captured with an outdated 1970s-era coding system
The first leap into big data is collecting information with precision and clarity – something that cannot be achieved with a coding system that does not capture Ebola nor the basic classification of myocardial infarction STEMI and Non-STEMI. Everyone – ICD10 supporters and opponents wants the best possible care when they access our healthcare system – but how do they know they are receiving this if we are unable to accurately collect information about diseases and treatments and link outcomes to treatments.
https://ahima.confex.com/ahima/87am/webprogram/Session6176.html
Understand what ICD-10 is all about, what it looks like, and how it will affect you and your team. Learn how to create a focused and organized strategic ICD-10 plan
Evaluate and enhance clinical documentation to capture greater detail. Set up and establish documentation agreement with code factors. Get an important timeline to follow so you’re prepped and ready.
ICD-11 brings significant changes. Coders and HIM professionals need to be aware of those changes to best prepare their organizations for a smooth transition. Here’s what we know and what you can expect: https://www.agshealth.com/blog/overview-of-icd11/
ARDS - Diagnosis and Management
Visit www.medicalgeek.com for more
http://www.medicalgeek.com/lecture-notes/36156-ards-diagnosis-management-presentation-ppt-pdf.html#post89045
https://www.facebook.com/MedicalGeek
https://only4medical.wordpress.com/
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http://groups.yahoo.com/group/only4medical/
Implementation of Online Safety Incident Reporting System in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital by Dr. Bijoy Johnson, Dept. of Hospital Administration, KMC Manipal, India
Large Scale Disaster Management in Healthcare Deploying ICT by Olav Veum Eielsen Anesthesiologist, Director Regional Centre for Medical Emergency Research and Development,
Norway
Virtual knowledge network NIMHANS Echo : Innovative tele- mentoring model for skilled capacity building in addiction & mental health by Prabhat Chand , NIMHANS, India
CRISPR-Cas9, a revolutionary gene-editing tool, holds immense potential to reshape medicine, agriculture, and our understanding of life. But like any powerful tool, it comes with ethical considerations.
Unveiling CRISPR: This naturally occurring bacterial defense system (crRNA & Cas9 protein) fights viruses. Scientists repurposed it for precise gene editing (correction, deletion, insertion) by targeting specific DNA sequences.
The Promise: CRISPR offers exciting possibilities:
Gene Therapy: Correcting genetic diseases like cystic fibrosis.
Agriculture: Engineering crops resistant to pests and harsh environments.
Research: Studying gene function to unlock new knowledge.
The Peril: Ethical concerns demand attention:
Off-target Effects: Unintended DNA edits can have unforeseen consequences.
Eugenics: Misusing CRISPR for designer babies raises social and ethical questions.
Equity: High costs could limit access to this potentially life-saving technology.
The Path Forward: Responsible development is crucial:
International Collaboration: Clear guidelines are needed for research and human trials.
Public Education: Open discussions ensure informed decisions about CRISPR.
Prioritize Safety and Ethics: Safety and ethical principles must be paramount.
CRISPR offers a powerful tool for a better future, but responsible development and addressing ethical concerns are essential. By prioritizing safety, fostering open dialogue, and ensuring equitable access, we can harness CRISPR's power for the benefit of all. (2998 characters)
ICH Guidelines for Pharmacovigilance.pdfNEHA GUPTA
The "ICH Guidelines for Pharmacovigilance" PDF provides a comprehensive overview of the International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) guidelines related to pharmacovigilance. These guidelines aim to ensure that drugs are safe and effective for patients by monitoring and assessing adverse effects, ensuring proper reporting systems, and improving risk management practices. The document is essential for professionals in the pharmaceutical industry, regulatory authorities, and healthcare providers, offering detailed procedures and standards for pharmacovigilance activities to enhance drug safety and protect public health.
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V - ROLE OF PEADIATRIC NURSE.pdfSachin Sharma
Pediatric nurses play a vital role in the health and well-being of children. Their responsibilities are wide-ranging, and their objectives can be categorized into several key areas:
1. Direct Patient Care:
Objective: Provide comprehensive and compassionate care to infants, children, and adolescents in various healthcare settings (hospitals, clinics, etc.).
This includes tasks like:
Monitoring vital signs and physical condition.
Administering medications and treatments.
Performing procedures as directed by doctors.
Assisting with daily living activities (bathing, feeding).
Providing emotional support and pain management.
2. Health Promotion and Education:
Objective: Promote healthy behaviors and educate children, families, and communities about preventive healthcare.
This includes tasks like:
Administering vaccinations.
Providing education on nutrition, hygiene, and development.
Offering breastfeeding and childbirth support.
Counseling families on safety and injury prevention.
3. Collaboration and Advocacy:
Objective: Collaborate effectively with doctors, social workers, therapists, and other healthcare professionals to ensure coordinated care for children.
Objective: Advocate for the rights and best interests of their patients, especially when children cannot speak for themselves.
This includes tasks like:
Communicating effectively with healthcare teams.
Identifying and addressing potential risks to child welfare.
Educating families about their child's condition and treatment options.
4. Professional Development and Research:
Objective: Stay up-to-date on the latest advancements in pediatric healthcare through continuing education and research.
Objective: Contribute to improving the quality of care for children by participating in research initiatives.
This includes tasks like:
Attending workshops and conferences on pediatric nursing.
Participating in clinical trials related to child health.
Implementing evidence-based practices into their daily routines.
By fulfilling these objectives, pediatric nurses play a crucial role in ensuring the optimal health and well-being of children throughout all stages of their development.
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V PREVENTIVE-PEDIATRICS.pdfSachin Sharma
This content provides an overview of preventive pediatrics. It defines preventive pediatrics as preventing disease and promoting children's physical, mental, and social well-being to achieve positive health. It discusses antenatal, postnatal, and social preventive pediatrics. It also covers various child health programs like immunization, breastfeeding, ICDS, and the roles of organizations like WHO, UNICEF, and nurses in preventive pediatrics.
Empowering ACOs: Leveraging Quality Management Tools for MIPS and BeyondHealth Catalyst
Join us as we delve into the crucial realm of quality reporting for MSSP (Medicare Shared Savings Program) Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs).
In this session, we will explore how a robust quality management solution can empower your organization to meet regulatory requirements and improve processes for MIPS reporting and internal quality programs. Learn how our MeasureAble application enables compliance and fosters continuous improvement.
The dimensions of healthcare quality refer to various attributes or aspects that define the standard of healthcare services. These dimensions are used to evaluate, measure, and improve the quality of care provided to patients. A comprehensive understanding of these dimensions ensures that healthcare systems can address various aspects of patient care effectively and holistically. Dimensions of Healthcare Quality and Performance of care include the following; Appropriateness, Availability, Competence, Continuity, Effectiveness, Efficiency, Efficacy, Prevention, Respect and Care, Safety as well as Timeliness.
Antibiotic Stewardship by Anushri Srivastava.pptxAnushriSrivastav
Stewardship is the act of taking good care of something.
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
WHO launched the Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) in 2015 to fill knowledge gaps and inform strategies at all levels.
ACCORDING TO apic.org,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
ACCORDING TO pewtrusts.org,
Antibiotic stewardship refers to efforts in doctors’ offices, hospitals, long term care facilities, and other health care settings to ensure that antibiotics are used only when necessary and appropriate
According to WHO,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a systematic approach to educate and support health care professionals to follow evidence-based guidelines for prescribing and administering antimicrobials
In 1996, John McGowan and Dale Gerding first applied the term antimicrobial stewardship, where they suggested a causal association between antimicrobial agent use and resistance. They also focused on the urgency of large-scale controlled trials of antimicrobial-use regulation employing sophisticated epidemiologic methods, molecular typing, and precise resistance mechanism analysis.
Antimicrobial Stewardship(AMS) refers to the optimal selection, dosing, and duration of antimicrobial treatment resulting in the best clinical outcome with minimal side effects to the patients and minimal impact on subsequent resistance.
According to the 2019 report, in the US, more than 2.8 million antibiotic-resistant infections occur each year, and more than 35000 people die. In addition to this, it also mentioned that 223,900 cases of Clostridoides difficile occurred in 2017, of which 12800 people died. The report did not include viruses or parasites
VISION
Being proactive
Supporting optimal animal and human health
Exploring ways to reduce overall use of antimicrobials
Using the drugs that prevent and treat disease by killing microscopic organisms in a responsible way
GOAL
to prevent the generation and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Doing so will preserve the effectiveness of these drugs in animals and humans for years to come.
being to preserve human and animal health and the effectiveness of antimicrobial medications.
to implement a multidisciplinary approach in assembling a stewardship team to include an infectious disease physician, a clinical pharmacist with infectious diseases training, infection preventionist, and a close collaboration with the staff in the clinical microbiology laboratory
to prevent antimicrobial overuse, misuse and abuse.
to minimize the developme
R3 Stem Cells and Kidney Repair A New Horizon in Nephrology.pptxR3 Stem Cell
R3 Stem Cells and Kidney Repair: A New Horizon in Nephrology" explores groundbreaking advancements in the use of R3 stem cells for kidney disease treatment. This insightful piece delves into the potential of these cells to regenerate damaged kidney tissue, offering new hope for patients and reshaping the future of nephrology.
Global launch of the Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index 2nd wave – alongside...ILC- UK
The Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index is an online tool created by ILC that ranks countries on six metrics including, life span, health span, work span, income, environmental performance, and happiness. The Index helps us understand how well countries have adapted to longevity and inform decision makers on what must be done to maximise the economic benefits that comes with living well for longer.
Alongside the 77th World Health Assembly in Geneva on 28 May 2024, we launched the second version of our Index, allowing us to track progress and give new insights into what needs to be done to keep populations healthier for longer.
The speakers included:
Professor Orazio Schillaci, Minister of Health, Italy
Dr Hans Groth, Chairman of the Board, World Demographic & Ageing Forum
Professor Ilona Kickbusch, Founder and Chair, Global Health Centre, Geneva Graduate Institute and co-chair, World Health Summit Council
Dr Natasha Azzopardi Muscat, Director, Country Health Policies and Systems Division, World Health Organisation EURO
Dr Marta Lomazzi, Executive Manager, World Federation of Public Health Associations
Dr Shyam Bishen, Head, Centre for Health and Healthcare and Member of the Executive Committee, World Economic Forum
Dr Karin Tegmark Wisell, Director General, Public Health Agency of Sweden
Global launch of the Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index 2nd wave – alongside...
SNOMED CT
1. SNOMED CT
Systematized Nomenclature Of Medicine – Clinical Terms
---An introduction ---
Dr Karanvir Singh
MBBS, MS, FRCS (Glasgow)
Chief Medical Information Office
Apollo Hospitals
India
1
2. 2
Systematized
Nomenclature of
Pathology (SNOP)
1965 CAP
Broad clinical terms
included (SNOMED)
1975 CAP
Logic based
SNOMED-RT
2000 CAP
Read codes1980s NHS UK
Read codes v3
Clinical Terms v3
CTV3
1990s NHS UK
SNOMED-CT2007 IHTSDO
India became a member
of the IHTSDO
2014
SNOMED-CT2002
CAP
NHS UK
US UK
4. Now imagine the
uses if you remove
internet connectivity
Voice calls
SMS
Camera
A few games
This is what we use them for
4
5. An EMR alone is like a ‘dumb’ phone
Snomed CT is the internet of EMRs
It connects healthcare data across all entities
+
Allows very granular clinical data capture
Provides very powerful clinical analytics
It supports clinical decision support
… and is used in over 50 countries. It is the best clinical terminology system today
5
6. Let us see how it is better than existing
healthcare coding systems
Let us compare it with ICD-10
6
11. Pneumonia – as classified in ICD-10
Section Code Title
Infectious disorders B01.2 Varicella pneumonia
Infectious disorders B05.2 Measles complicated by pneumonia
Infectious disorders B20.6 HIV disease resulting in Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
Diseases of respiratory system J10.0 Influenza with pneumonia, other influenza virus identified
Diseases of respiratory system J11.0 Influenza with pneumonia, virus not identified
Diseases of respiratory system J12 Viral pneumonia, not elsewhere classified
Diseases of respiratory system J13 Pneumonia due to Streptococcus pneumoniae
Diseases of respiratory system J14 Pneumonia due to Haemophilus influenzae
Diseases of respiratory system J15 Bacterial pneumonia, not elsewhere classified
11
13. ICD is running out of codes
• Since code numbers are the main stay of classification, and the
number of diseases are very large in number, ICD is running out of
codes.
• Multiple disorders are being grouped under one code
13
14. ICD is running out of codes
• Since code numbers are the main stay of classification, and the
number of diseases are very large in number, ICD is running out of
codes.
• Multiple disorders are being grouped under one code
14
15. Snomed CT has no limits on the codes that
can be used
No sharing of codes by two different conditions
15
16. Comparison of existing coding systems
Coding
system
ICD-10 ICD-10 PCS LOINC NANDA CPT4 SNOMED CT
Diagnosis Yes No No Partial No Yes
Procedures /
operations
No (except
pregnancy
related)
Yes No No Yes Yes
Laboratory No No Yes No No Yes
Nursing No No No Yes No Yes
Special
context (e.g
not diabetic)
No No No No No Yes
Meaning
based
analytics
No No No No No Yes
16
17. Will SNOMED CT replace ICD-10?
Yes & No
• Clinical modules & analytics would benefit from SNOMED CT
• The medical records departments will continue ICD-10
17
18. Let us look at the nuts & bolts of SNOMED CT
18
19. These are four different conditions (clinical ideas)
1. Ischemic heart disease
2. Angina
3. Unstable angina
4. Myocardial infarction
5. Heart attack
6. Cardiac infarction
7. MI
Same clinical meaning (idea)
19
Each clinical idea is called a concept
20. Each concept has a random concept number
1. Ischemic heart disease 414545008
2. Angina 194828000
3. Unstable angina 4557003
4. Myocardial infarction
5. Heart attack
6. Cardiac infarction
7. MI
Same clinical meaning (idea) 22298006
20
21. The same concept has different translations
1. Ischemic heart disease 414545008 - cardiopatía isquémica
2. Angina 194828000 - angina de pecho
3. Unstable angina 4557003 - síndrome preinfarto
4. Myocardial infarction
5. Heart attack
6. Cardiac infarction
7. MI
Same clinical meaning (idea) 22298006 -
infarto de miocardio
21
22. Independent system of classification
Concept Concept ID
Ischaemic Heart Disease 414545008
Angina 194828000
Unstable Angina 4557003
Myocardial Infarction 22298006
Heart Attack 22298006
Cardiac Infarction 22298006
MI 22298006
22
24. Thus…
• Each clinical idea is a concept and has a unique concept number
• Each concept number has multiple terms for it
• In different languages…
• There is no limit on the number of concepts. Hence different
conditions do not have to share the same code
• Concepts are connected to other concepts (parents / children)
independent of their codes – multiple relationships
• There are other relationships also, defining different properties of a
concept
24
25. How do multiple relationships help?
Cellulitis of
foot
Disorder of
foot
Cellulitis of
lower limb
Is aIs a
25
26. Multiple types of relationships
Cellulitis of
foot
Disorder of
foot
Cellulitis of
lower limb
CellulitisFoot structure
Is aIs a
Associated morphologyFinding site
26
28. Cellulitis of
foot
Disorder of
foot
Cellulitis of
lower limb
CellulitisFoot structure
Is aIs a
Associated morphologyFinding site
Cellulitis of toe
Cellulitis of
heel
Is a
Is a
Toe structure
Finding
site
Cellulitis
Associated morphology
28
Is a
29. Cellulitis of
foot
Disorder of
foot
Cellulitis of
lower limb
CellulitisFoot structure
Is aIs a
Associated morphologyFinding site
Cellulitis of toe
Cellulitis of
heel
Is a
Is a
Toe structure
Finding
site
Heel structure
Finding
site
Cellulitis
Associated morphology
Cellulitis
Associated
morphology
29
Is a
Is a
30. Cellulitis of
foot
Disorder of
foot
Cellulitis of
lower limb
CellulitisFoot structure
Is aIs a
Associated morphologyFinding site
Cellulitis of toe
Cellulitis of
heel
Is a
Is a
Toe structure
Finding
site
Heel structure
Finding
site
Cellulitis
Associated morphology
Cellulitis
Associated
morphology
30
Is a
Is a
31. Cellulitis of
foot
Disorder of
foot
Cellulitis of
lower limb
CellulitisFoot structure
Is aIs a
Associated morphologyFinding site
Cellulitis of toe
Cellulitis of
heel
Is a
Is a
Toe structure
Finding
site
Heel structure
Finding
site
Cellulitis
Associated morphology
Cellulitis
Associated
morphology
31
List me all patients with cellulitis
Is a
Is a
32. Associated morphology = Cellulitis*
32
Cellulitis of foot
Cellulitis of foot excluding toe
Cellulitis of forearm
Cellulitis of forehead
Cellulitis of gingiva
Cellulitis of groin
Cellulitis of hand
Cellulitis of hand excluding finger
Cellulitis of head
Cellulitis of heel
Cellulitis and abscess of lower leg
Cellulitis and abscess of lower limb
Cellulitis and abscess of neck
Cellulitis and abscess of nose (external)
Cellulitis and abscess of perineum
Cellulitis and abscess of shoulder
Cellulitis and abscess of submandibular region
Cellulitis and abscess of temple region
Conditions with the word “Cellulitis” within it
*Partial data
33. Associated morphology = Cellulitis*
33
Cellulitis of foot
Cellulitis of foot excluding toe
Cellulitis of forearm
Cellulitis of forehead
Cellulitis of gingiva
Cellulitis of groin
Cellulitis of hand
Cellulitis of hand excluding finger
Cellulitis of head
Cellulitis of heel
Cellulitis and abscess of lower leg
Cellulitis and abscess of lower limb
Cellulitis and abscess of neck
Cellulitis and abscess of nose (external)
Cellulitis and abscess of perineum
Cellulitis and abscess of shoulder
Cellulitis and abscess of submandibular region
Cellulitis and abscess of temple region
Beat knee
Chronic recurrent streptoccocal erysipelas
Cutaneous erysipeloid
Disseminated cutaneous erysipeloid
Erysipelas
Erysipelas of lower limb
Erysipeloid
Facial erysipelas
Localized cutaneous erysipeloid
Ludwig's angina
Onychia of finger
Phlegmon
Postpartum AND/OR puerperal erysipelas
Recurrent erysipelas
Seal finger
Conditions with the word “Cellulitis” within it Conditions even without the word “Cellulitis”
*Partial data
34. How relationships help in decision support
Pick up all cases of
cerebrovascular accident for
consideration for
thrombolytic therapy
Use it to identify
potential cohorts for
clinical trials for a new
breast cancer drug.
Warn if the patient has any type
of diabetes AND any type of
kidney disease
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41. ICD-10 has very limited search – no synonyms
• The doctor may search for any of these terms for the same diagnosis
• Renal calculus
• Renal stone
• Nephrolith
• Calculus in kidney
• Kidney stone
• Kidney calculus
• Only the term Calculus in Kidney exists in ICD-10
• Such issues are present with most diagnosis
42. No abbreviations in ICD-10
• The doctor may search by typing
• COPD
• MI
• IHD
43. ICD-10 terms are not appropriate for printing
What the doctor wants to write What is available in ICD-10 tables – prints as such
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Unspecified
Ureterocele Other specified disorders of kidney and ureter
Neonatal tetanus Other tetanus
Achlorhydria Other specified diseases of stomach and duodenum
Recurrent appendicitis Other appendicitis
Indirect inguinal hernia Inguinal hernia
Direct inguinal hernia Inguinal hernia
Strangulated inguinal hernia Unilateral or unspecified inguinal hernia, with obstruction,
without gangrene
Hepatic encephalopathy Hepatic failure, not elsewhere classified
Bird flu (H5N1) Influenza due to certain identified influenza virus
Swine flu (H1N1). Influenza due to certain identified influenza virus
44. ICD-10 codes are not appropriate for printing
What the doctor wants to write What is available in ICD-10 tables – prints as such
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Unspecified
Ureterocele Other specified disorders of kidney and ureter
Neonatal tetanus Other tetanus
Achlorhydria Other specified diseases of stomach and duodenum
Recurrent appendicitis Other appendicitis
Indirect inguinal hernia Inguinal hernia
Direct inguinal hernia Inguinal hernia
Strangulated inguinal hernia Unilateral or unspecified inguinal hernia, with obstruction,
without gangrene
Hepatic encephalopathy Hepatic failure, not elsewhere classified
Bird flu (H5N1) Influenza due to certain identified influenza virus
Swine flu (H1N1). Influenza due to certain identified influenza virus
45. Summary
• Snomed CT is the terminology that supports the EMR. On its own it
does nothing
• It is very clinician friendly
• It is multilingual
• It allows very powerful data analytics
• It augments decision support capabilities of an EMR
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