Learn what 5G cellular will really deliver for the three very different use cases: cell phones, on-premise equipment, and low data rate IoT. Much of what is promoted is much more limited than what has been advertised, for example, coverage areas and speed. Also, learn what will be different about IoT communication. The future with 5G will be different. Learn what it will really be like. Join us for an engaging talk and Q & A with Walt Maclay, Voler Systems, Electronic Product Design experts in wearable, IoT, medical and consumer products.

1. 5G Is Overhyped –
Learn What It Can Really Do
Shaping Your Future With the Next Generation
of Wireless Communications

2. AGENDA
2
The Promise of 5G
The Technology
• 3 Frequency Bands
• Speed, distance, and latency of different bands
• 3 Different Use Cases
• 5G for cell phones
• 5G for low latency high reliability
• 5G for the Internet of Things (IoT)
What This Means for the Future
• What does 5G do for IoT?
• Carrier choices will make a big difference
• Where you are will make a big difference

3. The Promise of 5G
• Higher bandwidth, ultra-reliable, low-latency
• Addresses three key problems for the
wireless infrastructure:
3
Enhanced data throughput – astounding
amount of data
Always on – ability for devices to always be
connected
Reduced latency – enable additional types
of solutions (i.e. healthcare, manufacturing
and automotive applications)

4. 5G Wireless Use Cases
4
In Virtual reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR)
Constant up/download
on an all-day wearable
1
Mbps
(Image and
workflow
downloading)
2
Mbps
(Video
conferencing)
2 to 20
Mbps
(3D model
and data
visualization)
5 to 25
Mbps
(Two-way
telepresence)
10 to 50
Mbps
(Current-gen
360degree
video (4k))
50 to 200
Mbps
(Next-gen
360degree
video (8K, 90+
FPS, HDR,
stereoscopic)
200 to 5000
Mbps
(6 DoF video
or free-
viewpoint)
Richer visual content
Source: ABI Research

5. 5G Wireless Use Cases
5
In Healthcare
Use Case
Category
Description
Evidence
Country
4Cs:
5G technology will improve:
• Well-being in the population
• predicting potential individual
health problems
• organizing early medical intervention
• Patient outcomes
• Sustainable health services
• remote robotic surgery
Remote robotic surgery
Ultra reliable low latency
Robotic surgery in rural areas
by doctors in cities
Robotic surgery machines
Global
Low-cost Low current
consumption
Wide
coverage
High connection
capacity

6. 5G Wireless Use Cases
6
In Smart Transportation
Use Case
Category
Description
Evidence
IoT Application
5G technology will enable:
• New services leveraging fast
reliable wireless communication
between smart vehicles and
sensors embedded in roads,
railways and airfields
• Increased visibility and control
over smart transportation
systems
Smart Transportation Systems
Autonomous 5G Service
Manages the routes in an
efficient way
Smart vehicles
Smart transportation

7. 4G-5G Comparison – What is Advertised
7
Speed
Latency
Spectrum frequency
Battery Life
Data Volume
Advantages/
Disadvantages
100 Mbps - 10 Gbps
1 ms
Up to 86 GHz
10-year battery life
1000x more network connections
Higher bandwidth, highly directional,
resulting in up to 100x number of
connected devices
Supports huge capacity for fast data,
Less cluttered with existing
cellular data
More security than 4G
5G4G
Up to 150 Mbps
50 ms
Below 6 GHz
High power consumption
High
4G cell towers serve fewer
connections.
Cells are not directional, limiting
the number of connections.
Connections frequently drop
when moving
Less secure for comparable
services and functionality than 5G

8. Different capability with different frequency bands
Limited availability of high frequency band
Different Use Cases
Some capabilities are far in the future
Two 5G standards (they are very similar)
• 3GPP release 15
• IMT-2020
• Equipment can satisfy either one or both
Work on the standards continues
Reality is More Complex
8

9. 5G Spectrum Within Three Key Frequency Bands
9
BELOW 1 GHZ
Low-band spectrum
• Will support widespread
coverage across urban,
suburban and rural areas
• Good in-building coverage
• Peak data speeds up to
100 Mbps
• Used by carriers in the U.S.
for LTE
• Bandwidth is nearly depleted
1-6 GHZ
Mid-band spectrum
• Good mixture of coverage
and capacity benefits.
• Peak data speeds reach as
high as 400 Mbps
• Faster speeds and lower
latency than lower band
• Does not penetrate buildings
as well as low-band
6 GHz – 86 GHz
High-band spectrum
• Above 6 GHz needed for ultra-high
broadband speeds. 28 GHz to 39
GHz bands identified in the USA
• Up to 10 Gbps
• Often referred to as mmWave
• Major weaknesses: low coverage
area and poor building penetration
• Blocked by walls, windows, cars,
trees, rain, or snow
Similar to 4G Coverage and capacity New with 5G

10. 5G Coverage, Bandwidth, and Latency
10
Coverage Bandwidth Latency
(one-way)
400 MHz
to 2 GHz
100 MHz
100 MHz
50
MHz
<0.6
mi
5 mi
10 mi
20 mi
1
ms
30 mS
MID BAND II
(3.5 GHz - 7 GHz)
MID BAND I
(1 GHz – 2.6 GHz)
LOW BAND
(Sub-1 GHz)
HIGH BAND
(24 GHz - 48 GHz)
High capacity
hotspot/ dense urban
Moderate capacity
Wide area coverage
Source: SCTE•ISBE and NCTA and others

11. The 5G Service Classes
11
mMTC
Massive machine-type
communications
Massive number of devices
Very low device cost
Very low energy consumption
URLLC
Ultra-reliable and low-
latency communications
Very low latency
Ultra high reliability
and availability
5G
CHARACTERISTIC
Will support massive
IoT deployments
USE CASES
Smart buildings,
logistics, tracking,
fleet management,
wearable devices,
and smart meters
CHARACTERISTIC
As low as 1 ms
air latency
USE CASES
Traffic safety and
control, remote
surgery, and industrial
control
eMBB
Enhanced mobile
broadband
Very high data rates
Very High traffic capacity
CHARACTERISTIC
High peak data rates | High speed
mobility | down to 4 ms of air latency
USE CASES
Smart phones, tablets,
home/enterprise/venues applications,
UHD TV (4K and 8K) broadcast,
and virtual reality/augmented reality
Source: ITU-R SGO5

12. Very high data rates – 2 Gb/sec (20 times 4G)
Very high traffic capacity – 1 million devices / km2
Performance depends upon the frequency band available
Below 1 GHz
• Up to 100 Mb/sec data rate down, 50 Mb/sec up
• Similar performance to 4G, spectrum shared with 4G in USA
1 – 6 GHz
• Up to 400Mb/sec data rates
• Mainly in urban and suburban areas, does not penetrate buildings well
• Faster than 4G
6 to 86 GHz
• Up to 2 Gb/sec data rates
• 26 to 39 GHz spectrum now
• Only in dense urban areas: short range, does not penetrate buildings or
cars
eMBB Use Cases – Cell Phones, Tablets, Etc.
12

13. URLLC Use Cases - Mostly On-Premise
13
Scenario
End-to-end
latency
Reliability
User
experienced
data rate
Traffic
density
Service
area
dimension
Discrete automation –
motion control
1 ms 99.9999%
1 Mbps up to
10 Mbps
1 Tbps /km2 100 x 100 x
30 m
Process automation –
remote control
50 ms 99.9999%
1 Mbps up to
100 Mbps
100 Gbps
/km2
300 x 300 x
50 m
Electricity distribution –
high voltage
5 ms 99.9999% 10 Mbps
100 Gbps
/km2
200 km
along power
line
Intelligent transport
systems – infrastructure
backhaul
10 ms 99.9999% 10 Mbps
10 Gbps
/km2
2 km along
a road
Source: NOKIA 2018

14. URLLC Limitations
14
Mostly On-Premise uses
• No wide area coverage
• Equipment typically
installed by the user
Latency is one way from
transmitter to receiver
• Local termination reduces
network latency that is up to
100 mS in 4G
• Does not include the delay
in the backbone of the
network in latency figures
Highly reliable
communication
• Much better than
4G

15. What Will Improve with 5G?
15
Picocells to give
indoor mmWave
performance
Only way to get
mmWave
(>6 GHz) indoors
5G provides
higher density
connections
Fewer dropped calls
in dense urban areas
High speed at
on-premise
connections
• Stadiums and large
entertainment facilities
• Roads
• Factories
• Power Lines
Higher Security
Communication more
secure than 4G

16. What is Unlikely?
16
High speed remote connected video games and augmented reality at home
Remote surgery
Speed is a problem
• Little significant improvement in sub 6 GHz
• mmWave only in dense urban areas
• mmWave needs pico cells to work indoors
Latency is a problem
• 1-10 mS latency only in limited cases – one-way, transmitter to receiver
• >10 mS to cross the country at 186 miles per mS
• Added delay for each switch enroute
• 20-40 mS likely for long distance connections
99.9999% reliability is questionable for any wireless connection

17. Other Issues with 5G
17
mmWave signals are blocked by walls,
windows, trees, cars, people, rain, or snow
mmWave signals don’t transmit very far
• C-net Reported best coverage is line of sight 100 to 300 ft from base
station
Phones use higher power for mmWave band
• Phone switches to lower band or 4G at high ambient temperature
Base stations use 3 times the power of LTE – not green
Concern about health effects of mmWave signals
Interference with weather satellites by mmWave frequencies

18. mMTC (IoT) Use Cases
18
• Low-power Wide-area (LPWA)
• 10 year battery life
• 160 bits/sec (up to 10 Kb/sec)
• 1 million devices / km2
• Round trip latency of 10 seconds
with 20-byte payload
• Low cost hardware

19. Current State of mMTC
19
• Today 5G does not provide all that is promised
• New standards are being worked on
• Current 5G not optimized for packet size, short sessions
• Inefficient control signaling – 100 bytes of signaling
to send 10 bytes of data
• Present channel coding schemes are inefficient
with small data packets
• 10 year battery life only with very infrequent messages
and very low data rates

20. What About Existing IoT Services?
20
NB-IoT and LTE-M
(also called Cat M or Emtc)
• NB-IoT and LTE-M will coexist with
5G
• The plan is for existing devices to
remain compatible
• Not optimized for small data packets,
sporadic transmission, low power, etc.
• Coverage in the U.S. is good.
• 50,000 devices per cell
Non-cellular services are not included
in 5G, but will still work
• ZigBee, LoRa, Ingenu, Sigfox and Weightless
• Use unlicensed spectrum – lower cost air
time
• Not available many places

21. What This Means for the Future of IoT
21
• Little change for now.
• NB-IoT or LTE-M coverage in USA is good
• Verizon announced 92% of US population covered in May 2019
• NB-IoT is more widespread – But only AT&T offers it
in Mexico
• No LTE-M or NB-IoT in India, South Asia,
parts of South America, and most of Africa
• Will today’s devices remain compatible in the future?
• The plans are that they will, but the standards are not yet complete

22. NB-IoT and LTE-M Deployment
22

23. Source: T-Mobile
NB-IoT and LTE-M Coverage by T-Mobile, early 2020
23

24. LoRa Coverage by Senet, early 2020
24

25. LTE-M NB-IOT Sigfox LoRa
BTLE
Mesh
Zigbee
Range 1-50 km 1-50 km 10-50 km 2-50 km 10 m 50 m
Data rate 1 Mbit /s
20-150
Kbit /s
300 bits /s 200-50 Kbit /s 20 Kbit /s 40 Kbit /s
Supports Audio Yes Yes No No No Yes
Network Public Public Public Public or Private Private Private
Available
Good
coverage
Good
coverage
30% of US
population
Yes
Limited public
Limited Mature
Comparison of Existing IoT Wireless Standards
25

26. Private vs Public Network
26
Private
• Both ends of communication owned privately
• Can be installed anywhere
• Unlicensed spectrum
• Cost to install base stations and end points
• No monthly fee
Public
• Network owned by provider – for example
cellular
• Only works where base stations exist
• No need to install a base station
• Easy roaming
• Licensed spectrum
• Monthly charge for use of the network

27. LPWAN (IoT) Compared to Others
Power – How much? How far?
27
All units in mW
100 bps 10K bps 40K bps
1 m
BLE4/Zigbee 0.15
BLE Mesh 0.15
LoRa 0.5
Sigfox 0.5
NB-IoT 0.5
LTE-M 0.5
BLE4/Zigbee 7.5
BLE Mesh 7.5
LoRa 10
NB-IoT 20
LTE-M 20
Zigbee 30
LoRa 20
NB-IoT 50
LTE-M 50
50 m
Zigbee 20
LoRa 0.5
Sigfox 0.5
NB-IoT 1.0
LTE-M 1.0
Zigbee 30
LoRa 20
NB-IoT 30
LTE-M 30
NB-IoT 100
LTE-M 100
1 km
LoRa 20
Sigfox 20
NB-IoT 20
LTE-M 20
NB-IoT 100
LTE-M 100
NB-IoT 500
LTE-M 500
Units: mW

28. Cost - 2018
28
COST
Device module Infrastructure Network Connectivity
LTE-M $15 $0.30 to $2 /mo
NB-IOT $10-15 $1 /mo and up
LoRa $5 $300 (private) <$1 /mo (public)
Sigfox $3 $0.15 /mo and up
BLE Mesh $1 Use phone or tablet none
Module is built
into devices
Infrastructure – to
connect to the Internet
Network connectivity
– recurring charge

29. 5G Availability
29
• 4 US Carriers deploying 5G
• Need a 5G phone or device
• Little coverage in rural areas
• Limited speed with some carriers
• Limited coverage with other carriers

30. Carrier
Peak
download
speed
5G
techno
logy
Test
date Spectrum Latency
AT&T 1.8 Gbps mmWa
ve
June
2019
600 MHz (low band nearly
nationwide offering)
850 MHz (low band)
37 GHz, 39 GHz, 47 GHz
(mmWave)
16-20 ms of
latency
(according to
PC Magazine)
Verizon – not compatible
with 5G NR, the
international standard
1.3 Gbps mmWa
ve
May
2019 28-39 GHz (higher frequency)
19 ms latency
(accordomg to
Cnet)
SK Telecom – S. Korea 618 Mbps Sub-
6GHz
June
2019 3.5 GHz 1.2 ms claimed
Carrier choices
30 Source for US carriers: C-net field test using Speedtest.net

31. Carrier
Peak
download
speed
5G
technology Test date Spectrum Latency
T-Mobile 583 Mbps mmWave June 2019
600 MHz (low-band)
28GHz
39 GHz in Las Vegas (high band)
9 ms claimed
Telstra –
Australia 489 Mbps Sub-6GHz June 2019 3.5 GHz and 3.6GHz
(per Telstra exchange)
6 ms (compared to
20 ms on Telstra’s
4G) (according to
Computer World)
Sprint 484 Mbps Sub-6GHz May 2019
800 MHz, 1.9GHz and 2.5 GHz
(mid band, same spectrum with
its 4G offering)
20 ms
EE – UK 460 Mbps Sub-6GHz June 2019 3.5 GHz
(data from 5g.co.uk)
“instant connection”
21-26ms (average
5g latency in the UK
according to Ookla)
Carrier choices
31 Source for US carriers: C-net field test using Speedtest.net

32. Locations with 5G in the USA
32
Carrier California 5G cities USA 5G cities
Sprint Los Angeles 9 cities in Nov, 2019
Verizon Los Angeles, San Diego 25 cities in Nov, 2019
AT&T San Francisco, San Jose, Los Angeles, San Diego 30 cities in Nov, 2019
T-Mobile Los Angeles, San Diego 47 cities in Nov, 2019
Almost no coverage in rural areas
Source: Wikipedia

33. Selecting the Right
Wireless Technology
33
• Have you mapped your technical
and commercial requirements
against available technical
capabilities?
• There are many technologies with
widely varying capabilities, cost, and
availability.
• Voler can help select the right
technology for your device.
• We design IoT and wearable
devices.

34. Let Voler Help You Succeed!
Voler designs IoT and wearable devices with expertise
in wireless communication and sensors
•Walt Maclay, Voler Systems
•Walt@volersystems.com
•408-245-9844 ext 101
Quality Electronic Design & Software
Wearable Devices | Sensor Interfaces | Wireless | Medical Devices
Slides will be at https://volersystems.com/5g-whats-real-and-whats-hype/