1G vs 2G vs 3G vs 4G vs 5G
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1. The document discusses the evolution of wireless technologies from 1G to 5G, outlining the key features and drawbacks of each generation. 2. Early generations like 1G provided basic voice calling using analog signals at speeds up to 2.4kbps but had issues like poor battery life and voice quality. 2G introduced digital signals and SMS at speeds up to 64kbps. 3. Later generations such as 3G (144kbps-2Mbps), 4G (100Mbps-1Gbps), and emerging 5G (expected speeds over 1Gbps) have provided significantly higher data speeds and capabilities like video calling, but also face challenges around implementation costs, bandwidth requirements, and
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Wireless technology has progressed through 5 generations. 1G provided analog voice calls at speeds up to 2.5kbps. 2G introduced digital networks and SMS at speeds up to 64kbps. 3G brought higher speeds of 144kbps-2Mbps and enabled smartphones with web and multimedia. 4G increased speeds to 100Mbps-1Gbps and provided mobile broadband. The latest 5G technology provides speeds over 1Gbps and fully wireless communication to support applications like virtual reality with almost no limitations.
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2. 2G technology, developed in the late 1980s-1990s, was based on digital systems with speeds up to 64 kbps. It provided clearer digital voice and SMS but required strong signals and could not handle more complex data like videos.
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Imagine a world where software fuzzing, the process of mutating bytes in test seeds to uncover hidden and erroneous program behaviors, becomes faster and more effective. A lot depends on the initial seeds, which can significantly dictate the trajectory of a fuzzing campaign, particularly in terms of how long it takes to uncover interesting behaviour in your code. We introduce DIAR, a technique designed to speedup fuzzing campaigns by pinpointing and eliminating those uninteresting bytes in the seeds. Picture this: instead of wasting valuable resources on meaningless mutations in large, bloated seeds, DIAR removes the unnecessary bytes, streamlining the entire process.
In this work, we equipped AFL, a popular fuzzer, with DIAR and examined two critical Linux libraries -- Libxml's xmllint, a tool for parsing xml documents, and Binutil's readelf, an essential debugging and security analysis command-line tool used to display detailed information about ELF (Executable and Linkable Format). Our preliminary results show that AFL+DIAR does not only discover new paths more quickly but also achieves higher coverage overall. This work thus showcases how starting with lean and optimized seeds can lead to faster, more comprehensive fuzzing campaigns -- and DIAR helps you find such seeds.
- These are slides of the talk given at IEEE International Conference on Software Testing Verification and Validation Workshop, ICSTW 2022.
Generative AI Deep Dive: Advancing from Proof of Concept to Production
Join Maher Hanafi, VP of Engineering at Betterworks, in this new session where he'll share a practical framework to transform Gen AI prototypes into impactful products! He'll delve into the complexities of data collection and management, model selection and optimization, and ensuring security, scalability, and responsible use.
National Security Agency - NSA mobile device best practices
Threats to mobile devices are more prevalent and increasing in scope and complexity. Users of mobile devices desire to take full advantage of the features
available on those devices, but many of the features provide convenience and capability but sacrifice security. This best practices guide outlines steps the users can take to better protect personal devices and information.
Artificial Intelligence for XMLDevelopment
In the rapidly evolving landscape of technologies, XML continues to play a vital role in structuring, storing, and transporting data across diverse systems. The recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present new methodologies for enhancing XML development workflows, introducing efficiency, automation, and intelligent capabilities. This presentation will outline the scope and perspective of utilizing AI in XML development. The potential benefits and the possible pitfalls will be highlighted, providing a balanced view of the subject.
We will explore the capabilities of AI in understanding XML markup languages and autonomously creating structured XML content. Additionally, we will examine the capacity of AI to enrich plain text with appropriate XML markup. Practical examples and methodological guidelines will be provided to elucidate how AI can be effectively prompted to interpret and generate accurate XML markup.
Further emphasis will be placed on the role of AI in developing XSLT, or schemas such as XSD and Schematron. We will address the techniques and strategies adopted to create prompts for generating code, explaining code, or refactoring the code, and the results achieved.
The discussion will extend to how AI can be used to transform XML content. In particular, the focus will be on the use of AI XPath extension functions in XSLT, Schematron, Schematron Quick Fixes, or for XML content refactoring.
The presentation aims to deliver a comprehensive overview of AI usage in XML development, providing attendees with the necessary knowledge to make informed decisions. Whether you’re at the early stages of adopting AI or considering integrating it in advanced XML development, this presentation will cover all levels of expertise.
By highlighting the potential advantages and challenges of integrating AI with XML development tools and languages, the presentation seeks to inspire thoughtful conversation around the future of XML development. We’ll not only delve into the technical aspects of AI-powered XML development but also discuss practical implications and possible future directions.
Uni Systems Copilot event_05062024_C.Vlachos.pdf
Unlocking Productivity: Leveraging the Potential of Copilot in Microsoft 365, a presentation by Christoforos Vlachos, Senior Solutions Manager – Modern Workplace, Uni Systems
How to Get CNIC Information System with Paksim Ga.pptx
Pakdata Cf is a groundbreaking system designed to streamline and facilitate access to CNIC information. This innovative platform leverages advanced technology to provide users with efficient and secure access to their CNIC details.
GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the Possible with Graph - Q2 2024
Neha Bajwa, Vice President of Product Marketing, Neo4j
Join us as we explore breakthrough innovations enabled by interconnected data and AI. Discover firsthand how organizations use relationships in data to uncover contextual insights and solve our most pressing challenges – from optimizing supply chains, detecting fraud, and improving customer experiences to accelerating drug discoveries.
Full-RAG: A modern architecture for hyper-personalization
Mike Del Balso, CEO & Co-Founder at Tecton, presents "Full RAG," a novel approach to AI recommendation systems, aiming to push beyond the limitations of traditional models through a deep integration of contextual insights and real-time data, leveraging the Retrieval-Augmented Generation architecture. This talk will outline Full RAG's potential to significantly enhance personalization, address engineering challenges such as data management and model training, and introduce data enrichment with reranking as a key solution. Attendees will gain crucial insights into the importance of hyperpersonalization in AI, the capabilities of Full RAG for advanced personalization, and strategies for managing complex data integrations for deploying cutting-edge AI solutions.
Pushing the limits of ePRTC: 100ns holdover for 100 days
At WSTS 2024, Alon Stern explored the topic of parametric holdover and explained how recent research findings can be implemented in real-world PNT networks to achieve 100 nanoseconds of accuracy for up to 100 days.
Presentation of the OECD Artificial Intelligence Review of Germany
Consult the full report at https://www.oecd.org/digital/oecd-artificial-intelligence-review-of-germany-609808d6-en.htm
Alt. GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using ...
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Let's Integrate MuleSoft RPA, COMPOSER, APM with AWS IDP along with Slack
Discover the seamless integration of RPA (Robotic Process Automation), COMPOSER, and APM with AWS IDP enhanced with Slack notifications. Explore how these technologies converge to streamline workflows, optimize performance, and ensure secure access, all while leveraging the power of AWS IDP and real-time communication via Slack notifications.
20240605 QFM017 Machine Intelligence Reading List May 2024
Everything I found interesting about machines behaving intelligently during May 2024
Essentials of Automations: The Art of Triggers and Actions in FME
In this second installment of our Essentials of Automations webinar series, we’ll explore the landscape of triggers and actions, guiding you through the nuances of authoring and adapting workspaces for seamless automations. Gain an understanding of the full spectrum of triggers and actions available in FME, empowering you to enhance your workspaces for efficient automation.
We’ll kick things off by showcasing the most commonly used event-based triggers, introducing you to various automation workflows like manual triggers, schedules, directory watchers, and more. Plus, see how these elements play out in real scenarios.
Whether you’re tweaking your current setup or building from the ground up, this session will arm you with the tools and insights needed to transform your FME usage into a powerhouse of productivity. Join us to discover effective strategies that simplify complex processes, enhancing your productivity and transforming your data management practices with FME. Let’s turn complexity into clarity and make your workspaces work wonders!
20240609 QFM020 Irresponsible AI Reading List May 2024
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1G vs 2G vs 3G vs 4G vs 5G
- 1. 1G VS 2G VS 3G VS 4G VS 5G By, Gokilabharathi.R Final CSE
- 2. Contents… • Introduction • 1G wireless technology and its drawbacks • 2G wireless technology and its drawbacks • 2.5G wireless technology and its drawbacks • 3G wireless technology and its drawbacks • 4G wireless technology and its drawbacks • 5G wireless technology and its drawbacks • Future technology
- 3. Introduction • The word wireless in dictionary defined “having no wires ” . • In networking terminology , wireless is the term used to describe any computer network where there is no physical wired connection
- 4. • Using Analog signals • Listen to handset • It's Speed was upto 2.4kbps. • Frequency typically 150MHz & above 1G Wireless Technology
- 5. Drawbacks Of 1G • Poor battery • Poor voice quality • Large in size • No security • Frequency call drop
- 6. 2G Wireless Technology • It enables services such as text messages, picture messages and MMS (multi media message). • It’s data speed was upto 64kbps. • It provides better quality and capacity .
- 7. Drawbacks Of 2G • Weaker digital signal • These systems are unable to handle complex data such as Videos. • Reduce range of sound
- 8. 2.5 G Wireless Technology • 2.5G is a technology between the second (2G) and third (3G) generation of mobile telephony. • 2.5G is sometimes described as 2G Cellular Technology combined with GPRS.
- 9. Features Includes in 2.5 G: • Phone Calls • Send/Receive E-mail Messages • Web Browsing • Speed : 64-144 kbps • Camera Phones
- 10. 3G Wireless Technology • Data Transmission speed increased from 144kbps- 2Mbps. • Providing Faster Communication • Send/Receive Large Email Messages • High Speed Web / More Security • Video Conferencing / 3D Gaming • TV Streaming/ Mobile TV/ Phone Calls
- 11. Drawbacks Of 3G • High Bandwidth Requirement • Expensive 3G Phones. • Large Cell Phones
- 12. 4G Wireless Technology “ Any time any where” • Capable of providing 100Mbps – 1Gbps speed. • More Security • High Speed • High Capacity • Low Cost Per-bit
- 13. Drawbacks Of 4G • Battery uses is more • Hard to implement • Need complicated hardware • Expensive equipment required to implement next generation network.
- 14. 5G Wireless Technology • The router or switch we are going to use in 5G network would provide high connectivity with wireless device. • It is 10 times more faster than 4G. • It has a expected speed of 1gbps. • Lower cost than the previous version.
- 15. Features • Uploading & Downloading speed of 5G touching the peak (up to 1Gbps) • Better & fast solution • It is highly supportable to WWWW (Wireless World Wide Web). • Large Phone Memory, Dialing Speed, clarity in Audio/Video. • 5G technology is going to give tough competition to Computers and Laptops.
- 16. Future trends
- 17. Comparison
- 18. comparison