The document summarizes the mechanisms of kidney allograft rejection. T lymphocytes recognize donor antigens through direct or indirect presentation by antigen presenting cells, and initiate either antibody-mediated rejection through antibody binding and complement activation or T-cell mediated rejection through T-cell infiltration and cytokine release. The innate immune system also contributes through toll-like receptor activation and complement factors. Histologic findings are used to classify rejection.
This document summarizes information on four different drugs: chloramphenicol, gentamicin sulfate, hydrocortisone, and corticosteroids. It provides the generic and brand names, classifications, mechanisms of action, indications for use, potential adverse effects, contraindications, and important nursing considerations for each drug.
The document outlines key information about infections of the central nervous system, including various bacterial, viral, protozoal and fungal infections that can cause meningitis or encephalitis. It discusses the typical presentation, symptoms, diagnostic evaluation and treatment of different types of meningitis and how they vary depending on the causative pathogen and patient age.
Rangsima Tosanguan is a nurse educator at the Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University. She received her BSc in Nursing from Chiang Mai University in 1988 and an MS in Public Health Nursing from Mahidol University in 1999. Rangsima has worked as an operating room nurse and is currently an instructor teaching public health nursing. She also administers an eye nurse specialty course. The document provides an overview of Rangsima's background and experience in ophthalmic nursing, community eye health, pre-operative and post-operative eye care, and surgical instrumentation. Videos are included demonstrating cataract and retinal surgery
2018 Fundamental Concepts of Eye Health Assessment For Ophthalmic Nurse Pract...Nursing Room By Rangsima
This document discusses eye health assessment. It covers fundamental concepts, history taking, ocular symptomatology, visual acuity testing, and external eye examination including the eyelids. The document provides guidance on comprehensive eye examinations including obtaining patient history, performing various tests and examinations, and establishing diagnoses and treatment plans.
2018-Issues and Trend in Ocular Pharmacology for Ophthalmic Nurse PractitionerNursing Room By Rangsima
This document discusses issues related to pharmacology in ophthalmic nursing. It covers key topics like the basic concepts of pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and pharmacotherapeutics. It also addresses determining contraindications to drug use, minimizing adverse reactions, and managing special patient populations. Special considerations are discussed for pregnancy, pediatrics, geriatrics and patients with visual impairments. The role of the eye nurse practitioner as a prescriber is also mentioned.
This document provides guidance on neurological assessment techniques. It outlines objectives such as describing how to take a neurological history and examine the nervous system. Assessment areas covered include cerebral and cerebellar function, cranial nerves, motor and sensory systems, and reflexes. Specific examination techniques are described for testing things like vision, hearing, sensation, and coordination. Common neurological symptoms are also listed. The goal is to equip health professionals with the skills to properly evaluate patients for potential neurological conditions.
Normal vision
- 6/6, 6/9 - Normal vision
- 6/12 - Mild impairment
- 6/18 - Moderate impairment
- 6/24, 6/36 - Severe visual impairment
- Less than 6/60 - Blindness
The smaller the denominator, the better the vision. A normal vision is 6/6.
Oct/2008 rangsima@chiangmai.ac.th 56
Contents
History Taking
Ocular Symptomatology
Visual Acuity Test
External Eye Examination
Eye Lids
Eyeball
ความสุจริตทางวิชาการ เชื่อมไทยเชื่อมโลก Connect Thailand, Connect the World in The “Academic Honesty”
With Five Tools to Drive The Universities to Build The Smart Graduates
With Integrity
20. •Past history •Family history
P.H. F.H. – Genetic dis.
– Chronic dis.
– Infectious dis. – Infectious dis.
– Hematological dis.
– Allergy: Drug Food
Pollutant
– Accident
– Operation
19/09/53 Faculty of Nursing,CMU 20
21. Personal Review of system
history
– Sleep
R.O.S
– Coffee Tea
– Alcohol drinking
– Smoking
– Drug
– Hobbies
– Excercise
19/09/53 Faculty of Nursing,CMU 21
22. 2. GENERAL SURVEY
Facial Expression
General Appearance
Speech
Color
Odor
Cognitive/ Perception Mood
19/09/53
Gait/ Posture/Movement Faculty of Nursing,CMU 22
23. 2. GENERAL SURVEY
Aged Height/ Structure
19/09/53 Faculty of Nursing,CMU 23