The document discusses several studies on factors that influence language learning strategies used by students. One study found Turkish learners used language learning strategies slightly more than other groups, while elementary learners used them less. Another study found Thai students with additional English study experience used cognitive and metacognitive strategies more than those without. Motivation was also found to directly influence strategy use and language learning outcomes. One study found females used certain strategies more than males. Background and learning style were also found to influence strategy choice.

1. NORIN NORAIN ZULKIFLI ANTHONY
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PROF. DATO’ DR. MOHAMED AMIN BIN EMBI

2.  Kalajahi, Nimehchisalem, Pourshahian (2012)
◦ Turkish learners of English make use of LLS slightly
greater than the other groups
◦ In contrast, elementary learners make less use of LLS
compared with the other groups

3.  Khamkhien (2010)
◦ Thai students who had additional experience in studying
English in the language centre and/or of going abroad for
not more than four months used Cognitive and
Metacognitive categories significantly more frequently
than those who had no additional experience
◦ Thai students experience in studying English has an
effect on the choices of language learning strategies,
particularly in the use of Cognitive and Metacognitive
categories in learning English

4.  Oxford (1994)
◦ Research shows that motivation directly influences how
often students use L2 learning strategies, how much
input they receive in the language being learned, how
well they do on curriculum-related achievement tests,
how high their general proficiency level becomes and
how long they persevere and maintain L2 skills after
language study is over.

5.  Chang (2007)
◦ female learners showed significantly greater use of
language learning strategies than did male learners in
three of six categories on the SILL: cognitive strategies,
metacognitive strategies, and social strategies

6.  Rossi-Le (1989)
◦ the study demonstrated that an individual's background
and learning style preference influence the types of
learning strategies that he/she will employ in acquiring a
second language

7.  Chang, C.Y. 2007. A Study of Language Learning
Strategies Used by College EFL Learners in Taiwan
 Khamkien, A. 2010. Factors Affecting Language
Learning Strategy
 Reported Usage by Thai and Vietnamese EFL
Learners
 Kalajahi, S.A.R. Nimehchisalem,V. Pourshahian, B.
2012. How Do English Language Learners Apply
Language Learning Strategies in Different Proficiency
Levels? A Case of Turkish EFL Students

8.  Oxford, R. 1994. Language Learning Motivation:
Expanding the Theoretical Framework. The
Modern Language Journal Volume 78, Issue 1 :
12–28
 Rossi-Le, L. 1989. Perceptual Learning Style
Preferences and their relationship to Language
Learning Strategies in adult students of English as
a Second Language