This document provides information on the formation of ionic and covalent bonds. It discusses how ions are formed through the transfer of electrons between atoms to achieve stable electron configurations. It also describes how covalent bonds are formed through the sharing of electron pairs between nonmetal atoms. Examples are given of the formation of ionic compounds like sodium chloride and magnesium chloride, and covalent compounds like hydrogen gas, oxygen gas, and carbon dioxide. Properties of ionic and covalent compounds like melting points, boiling points, and solubility are compared.