Konstantin Tsiolkovsky was a pioneering Russian scientist who theorized human space travel and rocketry decades before it was achieved. Despite losing his hearing at a young age and having no formal education, he self-educated and wrote over 500 works on topics like multistage rockets, space stations, and living in space. He is considered the father of cosmonautics and his ideas greatly influenced early Soviet and Russian space programs. Tsiolkovsky dreamed of humanity spreading throughout the solar system and beyond to achieve a cosmic civilization.
This document provides information about aeronautical and aerospace engineering. It discusses the fields of study involved in aeronautics such as aerodynamics, structural design, and propulsion systems. Aerospace engineering also studies flight in outer space, including rocket engines and spacecraft. The document then introduces aerospace topics like astronauts, space missions, early space flights, and spacecraft from the past and present.
I can identify key technological advancements that helped in making our knowledge of space expand. My research will show the past, but I will also predict what future advancements may stretch our limits even more.
The document discusses key events in the exploration of space, including the launch of Sputnik 1 by the Soviet Union in 1957 which kicked off the space race between the US and USSR. Some major milestones included Yuri Gagarin becoming the first human in space in 1961, Apollo 11 landing on the moon in 1969, and the development of the Space Shuttle to enable reusable spacecraft. While no humans have yet traveled to other planets, unmanned missions have explored Mars and telescopes have advanced our understanding of the wider universe.
The document discusses space exploration and its importance. It notes that our bodies are made of remnants from stars and massive explosions in galaxies. Key events in space exploration history include the Soviet Union launching the first artificial satellite and first animal (Laika the dog) in space in 1957. The US and USSR engaged in a space race, and the US landed the first humans on the Moon in 1969. India has also made progress with its Chandrayaan program, launching an unmanned lunar probe in 2008. The document outlines some benefits and future goals of continued space exploration.
BSA space exploration merit badge requirement 2bhkemail
Boy Scouts of America (BSA) space exploration merit badge requirement 2
2 Design a collector's card, with a picture on the front and information on the back, about your favorite space pioneer. Share your card and discuss four other space pioneers with your counselor.
The document outlines several "firsts" in space exploration including the first artificial satellite (Sputnik 1), the first animal in space (Laika the dog), and the first human in space (Yuri Gagarin). It discusses early US space missions including Apollo 7 and plans for a space shuttle. In summary, the document traces the major milestones and developments in the early history of space exploration by both the Soviet Union and United States.
This document summarizes the history of space exploration, beginning with early experiments with rockets and satellites in the 20th century. It discusses key events like the launch of Sputnik 1, the founding of NASA, and the first missions that sent animals (dogs) into space to test the viability of life support systems before human spaceflight. The overall goal of space exploration is discussed - to answer fundamental questions about what exists in space and how resources there could benefit life on Earth, while better understanding our planet and solar system through observation and research beyond our atmosphere.
Space exploration involves using astronomy and space technology to explore outer space. It began with rocket development in the early 20th century and allowed physical space exploration. The early era was a space race between the US and USSR, marked by firsts like Sputnik and Apollo 11. Since then, focus has shifted to cooperation and private interests in space tourism and exploration. Many countries now have plans for future manned missions to destinations like the Moon and Mars.
This document provides information about aeronautical and aerospace engineering. It discusses the fields of study involved in aeronautics such as aerodynamics, structural design, and propulsion systems. Aerospace engineering also studies flight in outer space, including rocket engines and spacecraft. The document then introduces aerospace topics like astronauts, space missions, early space flights, and spacecraft from the past and present.
I can identify key technological advancements that helped in making our knowledge of space expand. My research will show the past, but I will also predict what future advancements may stretch our limits even more.
The document discusses key events in the exploration of space, including the launch of Sputnik 1 by the Soviet Union in 1957 which kicked off the space race between the US and USSR. Some major milestones included Yuri Gagarin becoming the first human in space in 1961, Apollo 11 landing on the moon in 1969, and the development of the Space Shuttle to enable reusable spacecraft. While no humans have yet traveled to other planets, unmanned missions have explored Mars and telescopes have advanced our understanding of the wider universe.
The document discusses space exploration and its importance. It notes that our bodies are made of remnants from stars and massive explosions in galaxies. Key events in space exploration history include the Soviet Union launching the first artificial satellite and first animal (Laika the dog) in space in 1957. The US and USSR engaged in a space race, and the US landed the first humans on the Moon in 1969. India has also made progress with its Chandrayaan program, launching an unmanned lunar probe in 2008. The document outlines some benefits and future goals of continued space exploration.
BSA space exploration merit badge requirement 2bhkemail
Boy Scouts of America (BSA) space exploration merit badge requirement 2
2 Design a collector's card, with a picture on the front and information on the back, about your favorite space pioneer. Share your card and discuss four other space pioneers with your counselor.
The document outlines several "firsts" in space exploration including the first artificial satellite (Sputnik 1), the first animal in space (Laika the dog), and the first human in space (Yuri Gagarin). It discusses early US space missions including Apollo 7 and plans for a space shuttle. In summary, the document traces the major milestones and developments in the early history of space exploration by both the Soviet Union and United States.
This document summarizes the history of space exploration, beginning with early experiments with rockets and satellites in the 20th century. It discusses key events like the launch of Sputnik 1, the founding of NASA, and the first missions that sent animals (dogs) into space to test the viability of life support systems before human spaceflight. The overall goal of space exploration is discussed - to answer fundamental questions about what exists in space and how resources there could benefit life on Earth, while better understanding our planet and solar system through observation and research beyond our atmosphere.
Space exploration involves using astronomy and space technology to explore outer space. It began with rocket development in the early 20th century and allowed physical space exploration. The early era was a space race between the US and USSR, marked by firsts like Sputnik and Apollo 11. Since then, focus has shifted to cooperation and private interests in space tourism and exploration. Many countries now have plans for future manned missions to destinations like the Moon and Mars.
This document provides information about space exploration and notable figures in space history. It discusses the first artificial satellite (Sputnik 1), the first humans to orbit Earth (Yuri Gagarin) and walk on the moon (Neil Armstrong, Eugene Cernan), the first woman in space (Valentina Tereshkova), and Indian achievements like Rakesh Sharma being the first Indian in space and the Mars Orbiter Mission. It also briefly describes the International Space Station and provides some bonus facts about space.
discovering the outer space (THE PLANETS) :)lansangan11
This document provides an overview of the planets in our solar system. It explains that everything orbits the sun, and describes some of the exciting objects in our solar neighborhood like Io and Mars. It then discusses each planet individually, from Mercury as the closest planet to the sun, to Neptune as the farthest known planet. For each planet, it provides some key details about their size, composition, and origins of their names. The goal is to teach students about the different planets that make up our solar system.
The Space Race began in 1957 with the Soviet Union's launch of Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite, starting a competition between the US and USSR to demonstrate technological superiority. Both nations sought to lead in rocketry and spaceflight, with the US focusing on landing humans on the Moon before the Soviets. This competition drove rapid advances in science and technology during the Cold War era until cooperation emerged in the late 20th century.
This document provides a timeline and overview of major events and accomplishments in space exploration from 1957 to 2004, including the first satellites, spaceflights of animals and humans, lunar landings, Mars missions, and key figures like Neil Armstrong, Yuri Gagarin, and Sally Ride. It also profiles several famous explorers and their missions, and includes videos and diagrams related to space travel.
The document provides a history of major events in space exploration from 1957 to 1998. It begins with the Soviet Union launching Sputnik 1 and Sputnik 2, carrying the first animal into space. The US launched its first satellites Explorer 1 and Vanguard 1 in response. NASA was formed in 1958 to lead US space initiatives. The space race then involved firsts such as putting humans into space and on the moon. International cooperation grew over time, culminating in the launch of the International Space Station module in 1998.
If we ask you what’s so special about October, you will probably say “Halloween”. Although we too love spooky decorations, toffee apples and trick-or-treaters’ tireless knocking on the door after dusk, there is more this month to remember and celebrate.
Here is October in historic space dates, famous astronomers’ and astronauts’ birthdays and upcoming events.
Happy October!
The document discusses the history and arguments for and against space exploration. It outlines the key events in space exploration history from Sputnik 1 to the first moon landing. Both the dangers and high costs of space travel are presented as counter arguments, while supporting arguments note the technological benefits and spin-offs, curiosity of humankind, and new opportunities space exploration provides. The conclusion recommends that future space systems focus on reducing costs and improving safety, and developing useful technologies to benefit people.
Journey Into Space
Astronauts
It describe something about space
Journey Into Space
Journey Into Space
Journey Into Space
Journey Into Space
Journey Into Space
Journey Into Space
Journey Into Space
Journey Into Space
The document summarizes the history of astronomy and space exploration from ancient Greek theories of Aristotle to modern missions. It describes Aristotle's geocentric model and how Copernicus, Galileo, Kepler, and Newton developed the heliocentric model and laws of motion and gravity. Later sections discuss Edwin Hubble's discovery of the expanding universe, Stephen Hawking's work on black holes and the origin of the universe, and Soviet/Russian achievements including Sputnik, Gagarin's flight, and Voyager probes. The document concludes with a brief overview of Mars missions and the future potential of further exploration.
This report will help us to gain knowledge about space, advantages of space technology and also for students for seminar in colleges/schools(TOPIC : SPACE EXPLORATION)
The document provides a historical overview of several major events in space exploration from the 1960s to the 1980s:
1) It describes several "firsts" by American astronauts in the 1960s, including Alan Shepard as the first American in space, John Glenn becoming the first to orbit Earth, and Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin performing the first spacewalk.
2) The near disaster of Apollo 13 in 1970 is summarized, when an oxygen tank ruptured requiring the astronauts to use the lunar module to return safely.
3) The document outlines the Apollo 15 and 17 missions to the moon in 1971 and 1972, including the first use of a lunar rover and the last Apollo mission.
4
Potential Habitable Exoplanets: Interstellar Space Travel As Mankind's SalvationAhmad Afandi Nor Azmi
Humans are natural born explorers, we charge into unchartered territory to seek out the unknown, we have mapped nearly every inch of Mother Earth and left tracks on the moon. But to set foot on another planet, to travel beyond our solar system, that’s the dream of the future.
This presentation deals with quest of new worlds and the fate of humanity. Sounds like a job for explorers of tomorrow, but the search of another earth is happening right now. Although this sounds like a realm of science fiction, the aspects covered are rooted in real science.
Apollo 13 was a 1970 Apollo space mission to the moon that suffered a critical failure en route. The three astronauts aboard - James Lovell, Jack Swigert, and Fred Haise - worked with mission control to return safely after an oxygen tank exploded, endangering the spacecraft and crew's survival. The explosion forced the crew to abort their lunar landing and return to Earth earlier than planned, making emergency repairs and using the lunar module as a "lifeboat" to keep the command module's systems functioning well enough for reentry.
The Space Race began in 1957 after the Soviet Union launched Sputnik, the world's first artificial satellite, demonstrating their technological superiority and ability to launch weapons globally. This kicked off a competition between the US and USSR to demonstrate dominance in space exploration through achievements like being the first to launch humans and land on the Moon. While initially a symbol of political and military rivalry during the Cold War, the two sides eventually cooperated on joint space missions, turning their competition into a partnership.
astronauts-{the travellers of the space}Kammari Chari
The document defines some key terms related to astronauts and space travel. It provides brief biographies of several "firsts" in human space exploration, including the first human in space (Yuri Gagarin), the first American in space (Alan Shepard), the first woman in space (Valentina Tereshkova), and the first spacewalker (Alexei Leonov). It also notes some records for age and duration in space without providing additional details.
The future of NASA and other space progams: what's next?AllaireT
NASA - a short history, current projects, industry privatization and future projects. Discussion question: Is where the industry going a good direction? Would it have been more worthwhile to keep the focus on scientific endeavors versus the commercial direction we are currently headed?
Humanity has long been fascinated by exploring space and discovering new worlds. Many key events in the early history of space exploration involved firsts in reaching Earth orbit and the Moon, including the first satellite Sputnik 1, first animal Laika and human Yuri Gagarin in space. Robotic exploration of Mars began in the 1960s and ongoing missions continue to provide more details about the planet's geology, climate and potential for past life. Future plans involve potential manned missions and colonization of Mars.
Este documento presenta una serie de frases que una persona podría decir cuando se siente desanimada, seguidas de respuestas bíblicas de consuelo de Dios. Resume que cuando uno se siente solo, cansado, sin poder o perdón, Dios promete su presencia, descanso, poder y perdón. Al final, indica que Jesucristo y la Biblia son los caminos hacia Dios.
This document provides information about space exploration and notable figures in space history. It discusses the first artificial satellite (Sputnik 1), the first humans to orbit Earth (Yuri Gagarin) and walk on the moon (Neil Armstrong, Eugene Cernan), the first woman in space (Valentina Tereshkova), and Indian achievements like Rakesh Sharma being the first Indian in space and the Mars Orbiter Mission. It also briefly describes the International Space Station and provides some bonus facts about space.
discovering the outer space (THE PLANETS) :)lansangan11
This document provides an overview of the planets in our solar system. It explains that everything orbits the sun, and describes some of the exciting objects in our solar neighborhood like Io and Mars. It then discusses each planet individually, from Mercury as the closest planet to the sun, to Neptune as the farthest known planet. For each planet, it provides some key details about their size, composition, and origins of their names. The goal is to teach students about the different planets that make up our solar system.
The Space Race began in 1957 with the Soviet Union's launch of Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite, starting a competition between the US and USSR to demonstrate technological superiority. Both nations sought to lead in rocketry and spaceflight, with the US focusing on landing humans on the Moon before the Soviets. This competition drove rapid advances in science and technology during the Cold War era until cooperation emerged in the late 20th century.
This document provides a timeline and overview of major events and accomplishments in space exploration from 1957 to 2004, including the first satellites, spaceflights of animals and humans, lunar landings, Mars missions, and key figures like Neil Armstrong, Yuri Gagarin, and Sally Ride. It also profiles several famous explorers and their missions, and includes videos and diagrams related to space travel.
The document provides a history of major events in space exploration from 1957 to 1998. It begins with the Soviet Union launching Sputnik 1 and Sputnik 2, carrying the first animal into space. The US launched its first satellites Explorer 1 and Vanguard 1 in response. NASA was formed in 1958 to lead US space initiatives. The space race then involved firsts such as putting humans into space and on the moon. International cooperation grew over time, culminating in the launch of the International Space Station module in 1998.
If we ask you what’s so special about October, you will probably say “Halloween”. Although we too love spooky decorations, toffee apples and trick-or-treaters’ tireless knocking on the door after dusk, there is more this month to remember and celebrate.
Here is October in historic space dates, famous astronomers’ and astronauts’ birthdays and upcoming events.
Happy October!
The document discusses the history and arguments for and against space exploration. It outlines the key events in space exploration history from Sputnik 1 to the first moon landing. Both the dangers and high costs of space travel are presented as counter arguments, while supporting arguments note the technological benefits and spin-offs, curiosity of humankind, and new opportunities space exploration provides. The conclusion recommends that future space systems focus on reducing costs and improving safety, and developing useful technologies to benefit people.
Journey Into Space
Astronauts
It describe something about space
Journey Into Space
Journey Into Space
Journey Into Space
Journey Into Space
Journey Into Space
Journey Into Space
Journey Into Space
Journey Into Space
The document summarizes the history of astronomy and space exploration from ancient Greek theories of Aristotle to modern missions. It describes Aristotle's geocentric model and how Copernicus, Galileo, Kepler, and Newton developed the heliocentric model and laws of motion and gravity. Later sections discuss Edwin Hubble's discovery of the expanding universe, Stephen Hawking's work on black holes and the origin of the universe, and Soviet/Russian achievements including Sputnik, Gagarin's flight, and Voyager probes. The document concludes with a brief overview of Mars missions and the future potential of further exploration.
This report will help us to gain knowledge about space, advantages of space technology and also for students for seminar in colleges/schools(TOPIC : SPACE EXPLORATION)
The document provides a historical overview of several major events in space exploration from the 1960s to the 1980s:
1) It describes several "firsts" by American astronauts in the 1960s, including Alan Shepard as the first American in space, John Glenn becoming the first to orbit Earth, and Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin performing the first spacewalk.
2) The near disaster of Apollo 13 in 1970 is summarized, when an oxygen tank ruptured requiring the astronauts to use the lunar module to return safely.
3) The document outlines the Apollo 15 and 17 missions to the moon in 1971 and 1972, including the first use of a lunar rover and the last Apollo mission.
4
Potential Habitable Exoplanets: Interstellar Space Travel As Mankind's SalvationAhmad Afandi Nor Azmi
Humans are natural born explorers, we charge into unchartered territory to seek out the unknown, we have mapped nearly every inch of Mother Earth and left tracks on the moon. But to set foot on another planet, to travel beyond our solar system, that’s the dream of the future.
This presentation deals with quest of new worlds and the fate of humanity. Sounds like a job for explorers of tomorrow, but the search of another earth is happening right now. Although this sounds like a realm of science fiction, the aspects covered are rooted in real science.
Apollo 13 was a 1970 Apollo space mission to the moon that suffered a critical failure en route. The three astronauts aboard - James Lovell, Jack Swigert, and Fred Haise - worked with mission control to return safely after an oxygen tank exploded, endangering the spacecraft and crew's survival. The explosion forced the crew to abort their lunar landing and return to Earth earlier than planned, making emergency repairs and using the lunar module as a "lifeboat" to keep the command module's systems functioning well enough for reentry.
The Space Race began in 1957 after the Soviet Union launched Sputnik, the world's first artificial satellite, demonstrating their technological superiority and ability to launch weapons globally. This kicked off a competition between the US and USSR to demonstrate dominance in space exploration through achievements like being the first to launch humans and land on the Moon. While initially a symbol of political and military rivalry during the Cold War, the two sides eventually cooperated on joint space missions, turning their competition into a partnership.
astronauts-{the travellers of the space}Kammari Chari
The document defines some key terms related to astronauts and space travel. It provides brief biographies of several "firsts" in human space exploration, including the first human in space (Yuri Gagarin), the first American in space (Alan Shepard), the first woman in space (Valentina Tereshkova), and the first spacewalker (Alexei Leonov). It also notes some records for age and duration in space without providing additional details.
The future of NASA and other space progams: what's next?AllaireT
NASA - a short history, current projects, industry privatization and future projects. Discussion question: Is where the industry going a good direction? Would it have been more worthwhile to keep the focus on scientific endeavors versus the commercial direction we are currently headed?
Humanity has long been fascinated by exploring space and discovering new worlds. Many key events in the early history of space exploration involved firsts in reaching Earth orbit and the Moon, including the first satellite Sputnik 1, first animal Laika and human Yuri Gagarin in space. Robotic exploration of Mars began in the 1960s and ongoing missions continue to provide more details about the planet's geology, climate and potential for past life. Future plans involve potential manned missions and colonization of Mars.
Este documento presenta una serie de frases que una persona podría decir cuando se siente desanimada, seguidas de respuestas bíblicas de consuelo de Dios. Resume que cuando uno se siente solo, cansado, sin poder o perdón, Dios promete su presencia, descanso, poder y perdón. Al final, indica que Jesucristo y la Biblia son los caminos hacia Dios.
La radiación de Hiroshima se disipó más rápido de lo esperado, y aunque la bomba atómica causó gran destrucción inicial, a largo plazo los políticos pueden causar aún más daño a través de decisiones divisorias.
Este documento lista los requisitos técnicos necesarios para completar una capacitación e-Learning, incluyendo tener Windows 95 o posterior, explorador web reciente con Flash y Java, procesador Pentium III de 800MHz o más rápido, 256MB RAM, 2GB de espacio en disco, lector CD-ROM, tarjeta de sonido y video, y desbloquear pop-ups y eliminar cookies.
Este documento propone 8 regalos que no cuestan nada: 1) Escuchar, 2) Cariño a través de abrazos y contacto físico, 3) Sonrisas, 4) Notas escritas, 5) Cumplidos, 6) Pequeños favores, 7) Tiempo a solas, 8) Gratitud expresada a través de saludos y agradecimientos. Todos estos gestos pueden hacer felices a los demás y fortalecer las relaciones sin costo económico.
Este documento presenta un catálogo de objetos astronómicos observables con telescopios y prismáticos, incluyendo nebulosas, cúmulos estelares, galaxias y estrellas binarias. Describe las características básicas como magnitud aparente, distancia, constelación, mejor época de observación y dificultad de observación para cada objeto. El catálogo incluye objetos de los catálogos Messier, Caldwell y NGC, así como la estrella binaria Albireo.
El documento proporciona instrucciones para actualizar un blog de manera sencilla y ordenada sin necesidad de crear nuevos artículos. Recomienda modificar pequeños detalles como una palabra o frase del título, parte de la URL o el título principal de manera rotativa para que los buscadores interpreten el contenido como actualizado sin mucho esfuerzo.
Este documento describe los pasos para el tratamiento de pacientes con enfermedades sistémicas, incluyendo identificar la historia clínica, enfermedades presentes y realizar evaluaciones. Explica enfermedades cardiovasculares comunes como la fiebre reumática y cómo afectan el corazón, y ofrece consideraciones para el tratamiento odontológico de pacientes con estas afecciones.
1. Dokumen tersebut memberikan informasi tentang sains pada zaman Mesir, Babilonia, dan Assyria. Sains utama yang berkembang pada zaman Mesir adalah astronomi, mekanika praktis, dan seni berupa piramida, sfinks, dan mummi. Sedangkan di Babilonia dan Assyria, sains utama yang berkembang adalah astronomi dan astrologi.
Este manual explica los conceptos básicos de Access 2007 y cómo crear y administrar una base de datos en este programa. Describe las principales partes de una base de datos, incluidas tablas, formularios, informes, consultas, macros y módulos. Además, explica cómo crear tablas, definir relaciones entre ellas, generar consultas, formularios e informes mediante asistentes.
Sikeda Artworks is a designer art collection created by sisters Saumya and Swati Kumar. They create unique hand-painted artworks inspired by life, nature, and experiences. Each piece tells a story and portrays a different message. The goal is to create art that encourages and brings hope to those who view it. Sikeda also produces designer journals where each book is a one-of-a-kind expression of the artist meant to have personal meaning for its owner.
El documento presenta un simulacro de pruebas para Camila Marulanda Tobon, estudiante de tercer grado, presentado por Abelardo Botero Tobon, estudiante de grado 11.
The document discusses several important Russian inventors and their contributions to science and technology. It describes inventors such as Ivan Kulibin, who made advancements in clock mechanisms; Alexander Stepanovich Popov, who was the first to demonstrate practical applications of radio waves; and Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, considered one of the founding fathers of rocketry and astronautics. Overall, the document outlines how Russian inventors have greatly contributed to fields like aviation, chemistry, space exploration, and television through their pioneering inventions.
This presentation includes history of astronautics, spacecrafts, a space race between USA and Soviets. Also you can learn more information about space from this presentation.
The document summarizes key events in the exploration of space. It discusses the first satellites launched by the Soviet Union including Sputnik 1 and 2, with Laika becoming the first animal in space. The space race between the US and Soviet Union is described, with Yuri Gagarin becoming the first human in space. The Apollo missions that first landed humans on the moon are outlined. The development and use of the US space shuttle program is briefly discussed. The document also mentions the exploration of other planets and the use of telescopes to observe distant galaxies.
Venetia Burney, an 11-year-old girl, suggested the name "Pluto" for the newly discovered planet; Nicolaus Copernicus' book started modern astronomy by proposing that Earth and other planets revolve around the Sun; the Cassini-Huygens mission objectives included determining the composition of Saturn's rings and moons and studying Saturn's atmosphere and Titan's surface.
Astrobiology is an emerging interdisciplinary field that uses principles from astronomy, biology, geology, and other related sciences to investigate the potential existence of life in the universe. It studies the origins and evolution of life on Earth to better understand where and how life may develop and survive elsewhere. Key events in the development of astrobiology include the launch of Sputnik sparking interest in space exploration during the Cold War, and the establishment of early NASA exobiology groups in the 1960s led by scientists like Carl Sagan. Current astrobiology research explores the potential habitability of other planets and moons both within our solar system and beyond.
Konstantin Tsiolkovsky was a Russian scientist and engineer who pioneered rocketry and space exploration in the late 19th century. He developed the theory of rocket propulsion using liquid or solid propellants and the concept of space elevators to make space more accessible. Though his ideas were not realized during his lifetime, he laid important foundations for future space travel through his over 400 published works outlining ideas like space colonization and the use of centrifugal force for propulsion.
Ride Your Imagination to Space – by Nalaka GunawardeneNalaka Gunawardene
Presentation given by Nalaka Gunawardene
Science Writer
at
ORBIT ’15, Annual Astronomical Event of Astronomy & Space Science Association of D S Senanayake College, Colombo, Sri Lanka, on 13 March 2015.
Event details at: https://www.facebook.com/events/270492739827440/322372387972808/
Galileo Galilei was an Italian astronomer, physicist and engineer who made many important scientific discoveries. Through experiments, he determined that all objects fall at the same rate regardless of their mass, contradicting Aristotle. He significantly improved the telescope and was the first to observe craters on the moon, sunspots, and Jupiter's moons. Galileo supported the Copernican view that the Earth and planets revolve around the sun, in conflict with the Catholic Church, and was eventually placed under house arrest for the last years of his life.
The document provides information about the history and exploration of space. It discusses some of the first achievements in space such as the first dog (Laika) and humans (Yuri Gagarin and Valentina Tereshkova) in space. It also mentions some of the early rockets launched by India and achievements of the first Indian woman in space, Kalpana Chawla. The document concludes with some facts about space and pros and cons of space exploration.
Brief history of Space Exploration PowerPointSaoirse2K9
The document provides a brief history of key events and accomplishments in space exploration from 1942 to 2003. It describes the first rocket to reach space in 1942, the first animals and monkeys launched in 1947 and 1949, the launch of Sputnik 1 in 1957 marking the beginning of the Space Age, the first animal and human (Yuri Gagarin) to orbit Earth in 1957 and 1961, the first moon landing by Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin in 1969, the introduction of the lunar rover in 1971, the first reusable Space Shuttle launched in 1981, the Challenger disaster in 1986, the establishment of the permanent International Space Station in 2000, and China's first human in space in 2003.
The document summarizes key events and accomplishments in the exploration of space. It discusses the first satellites launched by the Soviet Union and United States, including Sputnik 1, the first satellite in space. It also covers the space race between the two countries to put the first astronaut in space, which the Soviet Union won by launching Yuri Gagarin in 1961. Finally, it discusses the US achieving the milestone of the first manned lunar landing by Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin in 1969.
The document summarizes key events and innovations in the space age from the 1940s to present. It describes the development of rocket technology by Wernher von Braun and the USSR's launch of Sputnik 1. The founding of NASA in 1958 is discussed, as well as early space missions involving animals and Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin becoming the first human in space. Milestones like the US moon landing, space shuttles, and construction of the International Space Station are highlighted. Major players and spacecraft across decades of space exploration are concisely outlined.
A spacecraft is a vehicle designed to fly in space, carrying crew or cargo. Spacecraft enter either suborbital or orbital flights. Spaceflight has been achieved by a few nations including Russia, the US, ESA member states, Japan, India, and China. The space race between the US and USSR involved early satellite launches and human spaceflights, culminating in the Apollo moon landings. Space stations like Salyut, Skylab, and the ISS have allowed long term human presence in space. Reusable space planes like the Space Shuttle and Buran were partially reusable orbital vehicles.
This document provides a brief history of space exploration from the 20th century to today. It outlines 3 major events: the first orbital space flight by Sputnik 1 in 1957, the first human spaceflight by Yuri Gagarin in 1961, and the first moon landing by Neil Armstrong in 1969. It also lists important dates in space exploration and looks ahead to potential future developments like space tourism and colonizing other planets to ensure humanity's long-term survival.
Imagination innovation space explorationPeter Pappas
An interactive DBQ by Mollie Pettit explores the question: What is the relationship between imagination and innovation within the context of space travel? A chapter excerpt from Exploring History Vol IV. http://bit.ly/2iyHMaX
This document provides a brief history of rockets from ancient times to modern space exploration. It describes early pioneers like Archytas who experimented with steam-powered rockets in ancient Greece. Major developments include the use of gunpowder in fireworks and weapons in China, early rocket theories by Bacon and Newton, and military applications of rockets. The space age began with the V-2 rocket in Germany, followed by the Soviet Sputnik satellite and the US Explorer 1. Key events included Yuri Gagarin becoming the first person in space, Alan Shepard's suborbital flight, John Glenn orbiting Earth, and the Saturn V rocket that enabled the Apollo Moon landings under NASA's leadership with Wernher von
The document summarizes the key events of the Space Race between the United States and Soviet Union during the Cold War. It began in 1957 when the Soviet Union launched Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite, demonstrating their technological capabilities. Both nations worked to launch animals and humans into space, with Yuri Gagarin becoming the first person in space in 1961. The US achieved several milestones as well, with Neil Armstrong landing on the moon in 1969, representing an American victory in the Space Race.
Personalities who contributed to the advancements of the universeRoselle Soliva
This document profiles several influential astronomers throughout history and their contributions, including Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi who observed the Andromeda galaxy, Copernicus who proposed the heliocentric model of the solar system, and Kepler who determined planets orbit in ellipses rather than circles. It also discusses Galileo, Newton, Einstein, Hubble, Sagan, Hawking, and others who expanded our understanding of the universe.
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2. "The Earth is the cradle of the mind, but we cannot live forever in a cradle".
Konstantin E Eduardovitch. Tsiolkovsky
Konstantin Tsiolkovsky was a true visionary and pioneer of astronautics. He theorized many
aspects of human space travel and rocket propulsion decades before others, and played an
important role in the development of the Soviet and Russian space programs.
He was born on September 17,1857, in the village of Ijevskoe, Ryasan Province, Russia, the son
a a Polish forester who had emigrated to Russia. He was not from a rich family, but a very large
one; Konstantin Tsiolkovsky had 17 brothers and sisters. At the age of 10 he lost his hearing as
the result of scarlet fever. After that he couldn't attend school, and he never recieved any formal
education. The knowledge and education he attained were acheived by himself. His books were
his teachers, and he read every book in his father's library. Tsiolkovsky later remembered that his
hearing loss influenced greatly his future life: during all his life he tried to prove to himself and
to others that he was better and more clever than others, even with his disability.
In 1873-1876 Konstantin Tsiolkovsky lived in Moscow. During this time he visited the main
Moscow libraries, among them the well known Pashkov House Library. It was in this fashion
that he received his self-education. While in Moscow, Tsiolkovsky was tutored by the eccentric
and brilliant Russian philosopher Nikolai Fedorovitch Fedorov, who was working in a Moscow
3. library at the time. Fedorov was a leading proponent of Russian Cosmism, and gave Tsiolkovsky
a place to work in the library. In many ways, he took the place of the university lecturers that
Tsiolkovsky never had access to. At the age of17, while living in Moscow, he first dreamed about
the possibility of space flight. He was, in part, inspired by the novels of Jules Verne. Since that
time he started to think about the problems of space vehicle design. His great purpose was not
simply to go into outer space, but to live in space, for humainity to become a space civilization.
In 1876-1879, after his coming back to his father's home, he lived in Vyatka and Ryasan. After
passing his exams, he recieved his Teacher's Certificate, and went to work as a math teacher in
Borovsk, Kaluga Province.
In 1880-1892 Tsiolkovsky lived in Borovsk and worked as a teacher. At that time he began his
scientific research in air baloon building, life in free space, aerodynamics and philosophy. It was
also at that time that he married. His wife, Barbara E. Sokolova, was the daughter of the local
preacher. Together,
they had 3 daughters
and 4 sons.
In 1892-1935 he lived
a n d w o r k e d i n
Kaluga. His moving
to Kaluga was the
result of a teaching
promotion. He lived
in the house that is
now a part of the
museum complex
with his family from
the year 1904 until his death in 1935. It was here in Kaluga that he became a well known
scientist, and where he wrote and published his theories of space flight and inter-planetary
travels. In Kaluga he wrote his Cosmic Philosophy, and he dreamed about the far distant future
of humanity, including the eventual conquest of space and our leaving the cradle of the planet
Earth for the stars. He was made a member of the Soviet Academy of Science in 1919.
He received a government pension in 1920, and continued to work and write about space. Upon
the publication of the works of German rocket pioneer Herman Oberth in 1923, his works were
revised and published more widely, and he finally
earned some international recognition for his ideas.
He wrote over 500 scientific papers, and, even though
he never created any rockets himself, he influenced
many young Russian engineers and designers.
Tsiolkovsky lived to see a younger generation of
Russian engineers and scientists begin to make his
visionary concepts reality. Among these was Sergey
Korolev, who would become the "Chief Designer" of
the Soviet space program, who launched humanity into
space with Sputnik, Laika, and the launch of the first
cosmonaut,Yuri Gagarin.
4. Konstantin E. Tsiolkovsky, the father of cosmonautics, died in
Kaluga at the age of 78 on September 19,1935. He received an
honored State funeral from the Soviet government. He was buried in
the old Kaluga Cemetery.
The tomb of Tsiolkovsky in the Old Kaluga Cemetery.
The Work of Tsiolkovsky
"Men are weak now, and yet they transform the Earth's surface. In millions of years their
might will increase to the extent that they will change the surface of the Earth, its oceans,
the atmosphere, and themselves. They will control the climate and the Solar System just
as they control the Earth. They will travel beyond the limits of our planetary system; they
will reach other Suns, and use their fresh energy instead of the energy of their dying
luminary."-Konstantin Tsiolkovsky
Tsiolkovsky is considered to be the father of cosmonautics and human space flight, and was a
truly great thinker. His visionary ideas about the future of humanity in space were magnificent
and far ahead of his time. He dreamed about space flight since he was a very young boy.
Tsiolkovsky was certain that the future of human life will be in outer space, so he deceded that
we must study the cosmos to pave the way for future generations.
Later, he proved mathematically the possibility of space flight, and wrote and published over 500
works about space travel and related subjects. These included the design and construction of
space rockets, steerable rocket engines, multi-stage boosters, space stations, life in space, and
more. His notebooks are filled with sketches of liquid-feuled rockets, detailed combustion
chamber designs with steering vanes in the exhaust plume for directional control, double walled
pressurized cabins to protect from meteorites, gyroscopes for attitude control, reclining seats to
protect from high G loads at launch, air locks for exiting the spaceship into the vacume of space,
and other amazingly accurate predictions of space travel. Many of these were done before the
first airplane flight. He determined correctly that the escape velocity from the Earth into orbit
was 8 km./second, and that this could be achieved by using a multi-stage rocket fueled by liquid
oxygen and liquid hydrogen. He predicted the use of liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen or liquid
oxygen and kerosene for propulsion, spinning space stations for artificial gravity, mining
asteroids for materials, space suits, the problems of eating, drinking, and sleeeping in
weightlessness, and even closed cycle biological systems to provide food and oxygen for space
colonies.
Some of his works include:
"Astronomical Drawings" (1879). The earliest manuscript of Tsiolkovsky. He drew the Solar
System, the distances between the planets, their satellites, etc.
5. "Free Space" (1883). Manuscript of Tsiolkovsky, first published in 1956. In this work, he
described the life and ways of motion in free space, zero gravity, all done without the benefit
on any mathematical calculations. It was in this paper that Tsiolkovsky drew the primitive
design of a true Space Craft, which moved in outer
space with the help of reactive forces.
This was the first drawing of Tsiolkovsky's of a space
vehicle, from "Free Space" (1883). It shows cosmonauts in
weightlessness, gyroscopes for attitude control, and an
airlock for exit into free space.
"The Tsiolkovsky Rocket Equation". He created his
calculations about space flight theory on May 10,
1897. The first publication of the results was in the
article "Exploration of the Universe with Reaction
Machines", in the monthly magazine "The Science
Review",# 5 (St.Petersburg, 1903). This was the first
publication in the world on this subject.
His Classic article "Research
into Interplanetary Space by Means of Rocket Power" was published
in 1903, the year of the first airplane flight by the Wright Brothers.
It accurately described the state of weightlessness and the theoretical
function of rockets in a vacume. He demonstrated why rockets
would be needed for space exploration, and also advocated the use
of liquid propellants that are used today.
This is his book published in 1914 that was the reprint of the 1903
article.
"Plan of Space Exploration". This was
published in 1926. It consists of 16
Points, from the very begining of space
conquest, until the far distant future,
including interstellar travel.
He also wrote science fiction books, including "On The Moon
(1895), Dreams of the Earth and Sky (1895), and Beyond the Earth
(1920).
"The Space Rocket Trains". (1929). This publication of
Tsiolkovsky was about his original idea of a multi-stage rocket,
which consisted of several separate rockets, one on top of
another. Tsiolkovsky proved that only such a type of rocket
would be able to reach escape velocity and fly to Earth orbit.
"Album of Space Travels". (1932). The drawings from this
manuscript of Tsiolkovsky show us his brilliant ideas about life
in space, including zero gravity, air pressure locking, space habitats, rocket guidance, etc.
Tsiolkovsky's Cosmic Philosophy
"All the Universe is full of the life of perfect creatures." Tsiolkovsky.
6. Tsiolkovsky was very much as interested in the philosophy of space as he was with the
engineering needed to make space flight possible. This was the very begining of Tsiolkovsky's
research into space flight problems and was the basis for it. His main work of this subject was
"Ethics or the Natural Foundations of Morality" (1902-1918). In 1932 Tsiolkovsky wrote "The
Cosmic Philosophy" - the summary of his philosophical ideas. His main idea was to achieve
happiness not only for humanity, but also for all the living beings in the Cosmos, for all the
Universe. He believed that human occupation of space was inevitable and would drive human
evolution.
According to Tsiolkovsky's Cosmic Philosophy, "happiness" is the absence of all kind of
suffering in all the Universe, for all times, as well as the absence of all of the processes for
destroying goodness. How shall we start this evolution to the "Universial Happiness"? The main
task is to study the laws which rule the Universe. To do so, we must study the Universe, and
therefore we must learn how to live in outer space. To begin that long period of our evolution, we
will have to design large manned space rockets. So, the first space flight will be the beginning of
the new era of space exploration, the beginning of Space Culture in human history. It will be the
beginning of our history itself. He truly beleived that it was the destiny of humankind to occupy
the solar system and then to expand into the depth of the cosmos, living off the energy of the
stars to create a cosmic civilization that would master nature, abolish natural catastrophes, and
acheive happiness for all.
1n 1926 Tsiolkovsky defined his "Plan of Space Exploration", consisting of sixteen steps for
human expansion into space:
1) Creation of rocket airplanes with wings.
2) Progressively increasing the speed and altitude of these airplanes.
3) Production of real rockets-without wings.
4) Ability to land on the surface of the sea.
5) Reaching excape velocity (about 8 Km/second), and the first flight into Earth orbit.
6) Lengthening rocket flight times in space.
7) Experimental use of plants to make an artificial atmosphere in spacships.
8) Using pressurized space suits for activity outside of spaceships.
9) Making orbiting greenhouses for plants.
10) Constructing large orbital habitats around the Earth.
11) Using solar radiation to grow food, to heat space quarters, and for transport
throughout the Solar System.
12) Colonization of the asteroid belt.
13) Colonization of the entire Solar System and beyond.
14) Acheivement of individual and social perfection.
15) Overcrowding of the Solar System and the colonization of the Milky Way (the
Galaxy).
16) The Sun begins to die and the people remaining in the Solar System's population go
to other suns.
7. Kosmodemyanksy, Arkady A., 1956. Konstantin Tsiolkovsky: His Life and Works. Foreign
Languages Publishing House, Moscow, Russia.
Shkolenko, Yuri, 1987. The Space Age. Progress, Moscow.
Samiolovitch, Sergei, I., 1969. Citizen of the Universe: Sketches of the Life and Works of
Konstantin Eduardovitch Tsiolkovsky (in Russian). Tsiolkovsiy State Museum of the History of
Cosmonautics, Kaluga, Russia.