Stage 1 of labor involves the dilation of the cervix from 0-10 cm and has three phases: early, active, and transitional. The early phase averages 8.6 hours for first births and dilation is from 4-7 cm. In the active phase contractions increase in intensity, fetal descent progresses about 1.2-1.5 cm/hr, and anxiety rises. The transitional phase involves slowing dilation from 8-10 cm over 3 hours for first births. Stage 2 begins at full dilation and ends with birth, taking about 2 hours for first births. Stage 3 involves delivery of the placenta within 1 hour of birth. The fourth stage is the first 1-4 hours postpartum where the body readjust
The second stage of labor begins when the cervix is completely dilated (open), and ends with the birth of your baby. Contractions push the baby down the birth canal, and you may feel intense pressure, similar to an urge to have a bowel movement. Your health care provider may ask you to push with each contraction.
what is labor and what is the normal?
what are the signs of labor?
what are the stages of labor?
what are the mechanism of labor?
what are the factors that affect the labor?
The second stage of labor begins when the cervix is completely dilated (open), and ends with the birth of your baby. Contractions push the baby down the birth canal, and you may feel intense pressure, similar to an urge to have a bowel movement. Your health care provider may ask you to push with each contraction.
what is labor and what is the normal?
what are the signs of labor?
what are the stages of labor?
what are the mechanism of labor?
what are the factors that affect the labor?
Puerperium is the period following childbirth during which the body tissues, specially the pelvic organs revert back approximately to the pre-pregnant state both anatomically and physiologically. puerperium begins as soon as the placenta is expelled and lasts for approximately 6 weeks when the uterus becomes regressed almost to the non-pregnant size.
This ppt is made by Mr. arkab khan pathan under guidance of Mrs. RAKHI GOAR. this ppt contain the detail and all the lecture notes of HEG.
THANK YOU.
Arkab khan
Normal puerperium - Obstetrical and Gynecological NursingJaice Mary Joy
The word puerperium is originated from the Latin words ‘puer’ – child and ‘pams’ – bringing forth.
Also known as the post-partum, post-natal, or post-delivery period.
The mother during puerperium is termed as puerpera.
Please find the power point on Inversion of uterus. I tried to present it on understandable way and all the contents are reviewed by experts and from very reliable references. Thank you
Puerperium is the period following childbirth during which the body tissues, specially the pelvic organs revert back approximately to the pre-pregnant state both anatomically and physiologically. puerperium begins as soon as the placenta is expelled and lasts for approximately 6 weeks when the uterus becomes regressed almost to the non-pregnant size.
This ppt is made by Mr. arkab khan pathan under guidance of Mrs. RAKHI GOAR. this ppt contain the detail and all the lecture notes of HEG.
THANK YOU.
Arkab khan
Normal puerperium - Obstetrical and Gynecological NursingJaice Mary Joy
The word puerperium is originated from the Latin words ‘puer’ – child and ‘pams’ – bringing forth.
Also known as the post-partum, post-natal, or post-delivery period.
The mother during puerperium is termed as puerpera.
Please find the power point on Inversion of uterus. I tried to present it on understandable way and all the contents are reviewed by experts and from very reliable references. Thank you
Series of events that takes place in the genital organ in an effort to expel the viable products of conception out of the womb through the vagina into the outer world is called labour.
there are four stages of labour.
Childbirth, labour, delivery, birth, partus, or parturition is the culmination of a pregnancy period with the expulsion of one or more newborn infants from a woman's uterus. The process of normal childbirth is categorized in three stages of labour: the shortening and dilation of the cervix, descent and birth of the infant, and birth of the placenta.
Pathophysiology of Normal Labor:
A series of events that take place in female genital organs to expel the product of conception that are fetus, placenta, membranes) out of womb through the vagina into the outer world. We further describe pathogenesis and features of different stages of labor
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2. Stage 1 is divided into :
Early Phase
Active Phase
Transitional Phase
Stage 1 begins from the beginning of true labor to
the complete dilation of the cervix
3. Early Phase averages 8.6 hours and should not
exceed 20 hours in a nullipara
5.3 hours and should not exceed 14 hours
multipara
No fetal descent present
Discomforts are mild contractions that increase in
duration, frequency and intensity.
Woman is able to cope, excited and a little
anxious.
4. Cervix is dilated to 4 to 7 cm
Fetal descent is progressive.
nullipara 1.2 cm per hour
multipara 1.5 cm per hour
Anxiety ↑
Contractions↑
Pain↑
Ability to cope varies
5. Cervical dilation slows as it reaches 8 to 10 cm
Fetal descent increases
Duration is 3 hrs nullipara and 1 hr multipara
Time increased by 1 hr if epidural is used.
Strong contractions occur lasting 1.5 to 2min from
60 to 90 seconds
6. Approaching 10 cm rectal pressure increases
Woman has an uncontrollable urge to push
Bloody show occurs
Fear and anxiety increase. Woman may begin
yelling, crying, shaking and asking for medication
7.
8. Stage 2 begins with cervix completely dilated to
10 cm and ends with the birth of the infant.
Duration:
2 hrs for primigrava and 15 min for multigrava
Time may be extended 1 hr if anesthesia is used
Fetal descent continues until it reaches the
perineal floor
10. In order for the fetus to pass through the birth canal
the fetal head and body must adjust to positional
changes.
These changes are:
descent
flexion
internal rotation
extension
restitution
external rotation
expulsion
11. Stage 3 occurs from the birth of the baby to the
delivery of the placenta.
Signs of separation are:
a globular shaped uterus
a rise in the fundus in the abdomen
a gush or trickle of blood
Further protrusion of the umbilical cord out
of the vagina
12.
13. The fourth stage of labor is 1 to 4 hrs after birth in
which the physiologic readjustment of the
mothers body begins.
Blood is redistributed B/P drops
Mild tachycardia occurs
Uterus is midway between symphysis pubis and the
umbilicus
Cervix is widely spread and thick
Hypotonic bladder due to trauma which causes urinary
retention may be treated with anesthetics.