The document discusses the reverse charge mechanism under GST. It provides an introduction to reverse charge and explains that in some cases, the liability to pay tax shifts from the supplier to the recipient of goods or services. It lists various goods and services that are subject to reverse charge as specified by the government. It also discusses key aspects of reverse charge like applicable recipients and suppliers, time of supply, and implications for composition scheme registrants.

1. REVERSE CHARGE MECHANISUM UNDER GST
CACA N.RAMASWAMY, F.C.A.N.RAMASWAMY, F.C.A.
CHENNAI- 600024CHENNAI- 600024
PH- 04424732130PH- 04424732130
MOBILE: 9840446412MOBILE: 9840446412
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2. Introduction
 In terms of section 9(1) of Central Goods and Services Tax
Act, 2017, Central Goods and Services Tax (CGST) shall be
levied on all intra-state supplies of goods & services or
both except the supply of alcoholic liquor for human
consumption.
 In terms of section 5(1) of Integrated Goods and Services
Tax Act, 2017, Integrated Goods and Services Tax (IGST)
shall be levied on all inter-state supplies of goods &
services or both except the supply of alcoholic liquor for
human consumption.
 In short it is the supplier of goods / provider of services
who are liable to pay the tax to the Government. 2

3. Liability Reverse Charge mechanism
 “Reverse charge” means the liability to pay tax by the
recipient of supply of goods or services or both instead of
the supplier of such goods or services or both 2(98) of
CGST Act.
 by virtue of section 9(3) of Central Goods and Services Tax
Act, 2017 and section 5(3) of Integrated Goods and Services
Tax Act, 2017, the Government on recommendations of
council may specify categories of supply of goods or
services or both wherein tax shall be paid under reverse
charge.
 Govt has issued Notification specifying the goods, Services
which are liable to tax under Reverse charge Mechanism under
section 9(3) / 5(3)
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4. Sec 9 (3) of CGST Act
The Government may, on the recommendations of the
Council, by notification, specify categories of supply of goods
or services or both, the tax on which shall be paid on reverse
charge basis by the recipient of such goods or services or
both and all the provisions of this Act shall apply to such
recipient as if he is the person liable for paying the tax in
relation to the supply of such goods or services or both.
Similar provision is made in the IGST Act as well as state GST
Acts.
As per section ( (4) supply of goods/ services who is not
registered to REGISTERED Person , Tax shall be paid by the
recipient . Similar provision is availabe in IGST & SGST Acts.
As well.
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5. Applicable to listed goods/ services
 Payment of GST Reverse charge may be applicable in case
of supply of notified goods / services or both.
 Reverse charge is also applicable in case of supply by
an UNREGISTERED person to a REGISTERED
person, where such supply is of taxable goods or
services
 Exempt supply received from an un-registered person
is not covered under reverse charge mechanism
 Government does not ask the recipient of supply to pay
tax under reverse charge mechanism if such supply is
exempt under GST. Even in case some supplies are exempt
conditionally, the same is excluded from the purview of
reverse charge mechanism subject to those conditions 5

6. Who is liable to pay tax under reverse
charge mechanism?
liability to pay tax under RCM not only depends upon
category of goods or services, but it also depends upon the
category of recipient, category of supplier and place of
provision of such supplies.
Under reverse charge mechanism, liability to pay tax on a
particular supply is on the recipient of supply .Exception is
provided under section 9 (5)
 The Government may, on the recommendations of the
Council, by notification, specify categories of services the tax
on intra State supplies of which shall be paid by the
electronic commerce operator if such services are supplied
through it, and all the provisions of this Act shall apply to
such electronic commerce operator as if he is the supplier
liable for paying the tax in relation to the supply of such
services
Radio TRadio Taxi / passenger trasnport through electronic commerce operator.axi / passenger trasnport through electronic commerce operator.
RCM by Electronic Commerce operator.RCM by Electronic Commerce operator. 6

7. Time of supply in case of RCM
Where RCM is applicable, time of supply shall be the earliest of
the following dates, namely:
the date of the receipt of goods; or
the date of payment as entered in the books of account of
the recipient; or
the date on which the payment is debited in his bank
account, whichever is earlier; or
the date immediately following thirty days from the date of
issue of invoice or any other document, by whatever name
called, in lieu thereof by the supplier.
When it is not possible to determine the time of supply as
above, the time of supply shall be the date of entry in the
books of account of the recipient of supply
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8. Goods covered under Reverse charge
Sr No HSN code Description of
supply of good
Supplier of goods Recipient of
supply
1 0801 Cashew nuts, not
shelled or peeled
Agriculturist Registered Person
2
1404 90 10 Bidi wrapper
leaves (tend
Agriculturist
Registered Person
3
2401 Tobacco leaves Agriculturist
Registered Person
4
5004 to 5006
Silk Yarn Any person who
manufactures silk yarn
from raw silk
Registered Person
5
Supply of lottery State Government,
Union Territory
Lottery distributor
or selling agent.
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9. Services covered under Reverse charge
Sr No HSN code/ Rate
of tax
Description of
supply of
Services
Supplier of
Servicea
Recipient of supply
1 996791
5% GST.
Transport of goods
by road
Good Transport
Agency
1) Factory
2) Society
3) Registered in GST
Act.
4) Body Corporate
5) Firm
6) Casual Person
located in a taxable
territory
2 998211
18%
Services by
Advocate / Sr.
Advocate –
representational
Services by
Advocate / Sr.
Advocate
Any business entity
located in the taxable
territory.
3 998215
18%
Arbitral Tribunal Arbitral Tribunal Any business entity
located in the taxable
territory
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10. Services covered under Reverse charge
Sr No HSN code Description of
supply of
Services
Supplier of
Services
Recipient of supply
4 998397
18%
sponsorship to
any body
corporate or
partnership
firm.
Any person Any body corporate
or partnership
firm located in
the taxable
territory.
5
18%%
Services by Govt
Excluding 1)
Renting, 2)Post
office by way of
Speed post, life
insurance, 3) Air
Craft/ Vessel in a
port or Airport.,
4) Transport of
goods &
passengers
Central t, State Govt
Union Territory or
Local Authority
Any business entity
located in the
taxable territory
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11. Services covered under Reverse charge
Sr No HSN code Description of
supply of
Services
Supplier of
Services
Recipient of supply
6 999799
18%
Services by
Director to a
body corporate/
Company
A director of the
company
The company or a
body corporate
located in the
taxable territory.
7 997161
18%
Insurance
Agent
Insurance Agent Any person carrying
on insurance
business, located in
the taxable territory.
8 999799
18%
A recovery agent A recovery agent A banking company
or a financial
institution or a non-
banking financial
company, located in
the taxable territory.
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12. Services covered under Reverse charge
Sr No HSN code Description of
supply of
Services
Supplier of
Services
Recipient of supply
9 999632
18%
by an author,
music
composer,
photographer,
artist or the like
by way of
transfer or
permitting the
use or
enjoyment of a
copyright
Author or music
composer,
photographer,
artist, or the like
Publisher, music
company,
producer or the
like, located in
the taxable
territory.
.
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13. Services covered under RCM
Services on which reverse charge was applicable in
earlier law are now out of reverse charge. They are:-
To be provided by mutual fund agent or distributor to a
mutual fund or asset management company.
• To be provided by a selling or marketing agent of
lottery tickets to a lottery distributor or selling agent.
• Renting of motor vehicle except through e-commerce
operators.
• Supply of manpower or security service.
• Work Contract Service
After 1After 1stst
July 2017, Reverse charge are applicable as per subJuly 2017, Reverse charge are applicable as per sub
section 3,4 of section 9 of the GST Act.section 3,4 of section 9 of the GST Act.
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14. Services covered under RCM (9) 4
(4) The central tax in respect of the supply of taxable
goods or services or both by a supplier, who is not
registered, to a registered person shall be paid by such
person on reverse charge basis as the recipient and all
the provisions of this Act shall apply to such recipient as
if he is the person liable for paying the tax in relation to
the supply of such goods or services or both.
Thus any supply of goods, service or both by unregisteredThus any supply of goods, service or both by unregistered
person to a registered person will be covered under thisperson to a registered person will be covered under this
section.section.
There is a general Exemption to the extent of Rs. 5000/- perThere is a general Exemption to the extent of Rs. 5000/- per
day up to which payment of GST under RCM by Registeredday up to which payment of GST under RCM by Registered
person is exempted.person is exempted.
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15. Composition Scheme & RCM
Section 2(62) says that “input tax” does not include the
tax paid under the composition levy.
Here the word used are “under” and “levy” and not “by”
and “dealer/person”. Also section 10(1) state that
Composition scheme does not affect the liability of the
dealer to pay tax under reverse charge mechanism.
Also section 10(4) state that Composition dealer shall
not be entitled to any credit of input tax. So it can be
interpreted that a composition dealer shall not claim
credit of tax paid under Reverse Charge Mechanism.
Also composition dealer shall pay tax under Reverse
Charge Mechanism at normal rate of tax applicable to
such supply and not at the rate applicable for his
category. 15

16. Composition Scheme & RCM
Section 2(62) says that “input tax” does not include the
tax paid under the composition levy.
Here the word used are “under” and “levy” and not “by”
and “dealer/person”. Also section 10(1) state that
Composition scheme does not affect the liability of the
dealer to pay tax under reverse charge mechanism.
Also section 10(4) state that Composition dealer shall
not be entitled to any credit of input tax. So it can be
interpreted that a composition dealer shall not claim
credit of tax paid under Reverse Charge Mechanism.
Also composition dealer shall pay tax under Reverse
Charge Mechanism at normal rate of tax applicable to
such supply and not at the rate applicable for his
category. 16