This document discusses high level and low level programming languages. High level languages like those that use words like "if" and "else" are understood by humans but not computers, which understand low level binary codes. Translators like interpreters and compilers are used to convert high level languages into low level languages understood by computers. Interpreters translate code line-by-line as the program runs while compilers convert the entire source code into object code before execution. Compilers are faster but require recompiling for any changes while interpreters are slower but allow debugging line-by-line.

1. Implementation – High and Low Level Languages

2. High and Low Level Languages
Programming languages are generally similar to the
English language. They use words like If, Else, Repeat,
While etc.
These languages are known as high level languages.

3. High and Low Level Languages
The computer does not understand high level languages. It
understands binary codes which are referred to in
programming as machine codes e.g. 10010010
01101010.
These languages are known as low level languages.

4. Translators
So, humans understand high level languages
and
Computers understand low level languages.
To get our high level languages into a form that the
computer understands, we need a translator.
A translator converts high level language commands into
low level language commands.

5. Interpreters and Compilers
In order to resolve this problem, there are two ways to
convert the high level language written by humans into a
low level language understood by computers.
These are interpreters and compilers.

6. Interpreters
As the program is running, the interpreter takes one line of
code at a time and translate it into a low level code.
IF age > 18 THEN
displayfield.text = “Left school”
END IF

7. Interpreters
As the program is running, the interpreter takes one line of
code at a time and translate it into a low level code.
10011001 00010110 11000100 00010011
displayfield.text = “Left school”
END IF

8. Interpreters
As the program is running, the interpreter takes one line of
code at a time and translate it into a low level code.
10011001 00010110 11000100 00010011
10010010 11110001 00000001 10011011
00110101 01111110

9. Compilers
A compiler works by converting the program source code
and converting it into object code before the program is
run.
IF age > 18 THEN
displayfield.text = “Left school”
END IF

10. Compilers
A compiler works by converting the program source code
and converting it into object code before the program is
run.
10011001 00010110 11000100 00010011
10010010 11110001 00000001 10011011
00110101 01111110

11. Compilers vs Interpreters
Interpreters are slower than compilers when the program
is running because they have to interpret each line
The interpreter needs to be in memory each time the
program is run, whereas compilers do not
Interpreters can make debugging a program easier
because they can track errors line by line
Compilers have to have programs recompiled each time
the code is changed, even if the change is minor