The document discusses the output equation of transformers. It explains that the voltage induced in a transformer winding is determined by factors like the number of turns and the source frequency. It also describes components of a single-phase and three-phase transformer like the primary and secondary windings contained in the transformer window. Equations are provided for calculating the copper area required based on current density and turns ratio between windings.

2. Unit 3:Transformers
3.1 Output Equation of Transformer
The voltage induced in a transformer winding with T turns and excited by a source having a frequency f Hz is
given by

3. Unit 3:Transformers
3.1 Output Equation of Transformer
The voltage induced in a transformer winding with T turns and excited by a source having a frequency f Hz is
given by

4. Unit 3:Transformers
3.1 Output Equation of Transformer
The voltage induced in a transformer winding with T turns and excited by a source having a frequency f Hz is
given by
The window in a single phase transformer contains one primary and one secondary winding

5. Unit 3:Transformers
3.1 Output Equation of Transformer
The voltage induced in a transformer winding with T turns and excited by a source having a frequency f Hz is
given by
The window in a single phase transformer contains one primary and one secondary winding
Total copper area in window
Ac = Copper area of primary winding + Copper area of secondary winding
= primary turns x area of primary conductors + secondary turns x area of secondary conductors
= Tp ap +Ts as

6. Unit 3:Transformers
3.1 Output Equation of Transformer
The voltage induced in a transformer winding with T turns and excited by a source having a frequency f Hz is
given by
The window in a single phase transformer contains one primary and one secondary winding
Total copper area in window
Ac = Copper area of primary winding + Copper area of secondary winding
= primary turns x area of primary conductors + secondary turns x area of secondary conductors
= Tp ap +Ts as
Taking the current density δ to be same in both primary and secondary windings,
ap = Ip/ δ & as = Is/ δ

7. Unit 3:Transformers
3.1 Output Equation of Transformer
The voltage induced in a transformer winding with T turns and excited by a source having a frequency f Hz is
given by
The window in a single phase transformer contains one primary and one secondary winding
Total copper area in window
Ac = Copper area of primary winding + Copper area of secondary winding
= primary turns x area of primary conductors + secondary turns x area of secondary conductors
= Tp ap +Ts as
Taking the current density δ to be same in both primary and secondary windings,
ap = Ip/ δ & as = Is/ δ
Total conductor area in window,

8. Unit 3:Transformers
3.1 Output Equation of Transformer
The voltage induced in a transformer winding with T turns and excited by a source having a frequency f Hz is
given by
The window in a single phase transformer contains one primary and one secondary winding
Total copper area in window
Ac = Copper area of primary winding + Copper area of secondary winding
= primary turns x area of primary conductors + secondary turns x area of secondary conductors
= Tp ap +Ts as
Taking the current density δ to be same in both primary and secondary windings,
ap = Ip/ δ & as = Is/ δ
Total conductor area in window,

9. Unit 3:Transformers
3.1 Output Equation of Transformer

10. Unit 3:Transformers
3.1 Output Equation of Transformer

11. Unit 3:Transformers
3.1 Output Equation of Transformer
The window space factor Kw is defined as the ratio of copper area in window to total area of
window.
Conductor area in window, Ac = Kw Aw

12. Unit 3:Transformers
3.1 Output Equation of Transformer
The window space factor Kw is defined as the ratio of copper area in window to total area of
window.
Conductor area in window, Ac = Kw Aw

13. Unit 3:Transformers
3.1 Output Equation of Transformer
The window space factor Kw is defined as the ratio of copper area in window to total area of
window.
Conductor area in window, Ac = Kw Aw

14. Unit 3:Transformers
3.1 Output Equation of Transformer
Single phase Transformer

15. Unit 3:Transformers
3.1 Output Equation of Transformer
Single phase Transformer

16. Unit 3:Transformers
3.1 Output Equation of Transformer
Single phase Transformer

17. Unit 3:Transformers
3.1 Output Equation of Transformer
Single phase Transformer

18. Unit 3:Transformers
3.1 Output Equation of Transformer
Single phase Transformer

19. Unit 3:Transformers
3.1 Output Equation of Transformer
Single phase Transformer

20. Unit 3:Transformers
3.1 Output Equation of Transformer
Single phase Transformer

21. Unit 3:Transformers
3.1 Output Equation of Transformer
Three phase Transformer

22. Unit 3:Transformers
3.1 Output Equation of Transformer
Three phase Transformer

23. Unit 3:Transformers
3.1 Output Equation of Transformer
Three phase Transformer

24. Unit 3:Transformers
3.1 Output Equation of Transformer
Three phase Transformer

25. Unit 3:Transformers
3.1 Output Equation of Transformer
Three phase Transformer

26. Unit 3:Transformers
3.1 Output Equation of Transformer
Three phase Transformer

27. Unit 3:Transformers
3.1 Output Equation of Transformer
Three phase Transformer

28. Unit 3:Transformers
3.1 Output Equation of Transformer
Three phase Transformer

29. Unit 3:Transformers
3.1 Output Equation of Transformer
Three phase Transformer

30. Unit 3:Transformers
3.1 Output Equation of Transformer
Three phase Transformer

31. Unit 3:Transformers
3.1 Output Equation of Transformer
Three phase Transformer

32. Unit 3:Transformers
3.1 Output Equation of Transformer
Three phase Transformer

33. Unit 3:Transformers
3.1 Output Equation of Transformer
Three phase Transformer

34. Unit 3:Transformers
3.1 Output Equation of Transformer
Three phase Transformer

35. Unit 3:Transformers
3.1 Output Equation of Transformer
Three phase Transformer