SlideShare a Scribd company logo
3G and 4G Wireless  – Advances and Challenges Suresh R. Borkar Adjunct Faculty, Dept of ECE, Ill Instt. of Tech. [email_address] Apr 14, 2006
3G and 4G Wireless – Advances and Challenges ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],The one who stays still is left behind
Where are We? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Representative Wireless Standards ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Many toys to play with
TDMA/FDMA Give the same air to all
CDMA X I I I All persons are created equal Channelization code: Separate xmissions from a single source from each other Scrambling code: separate different sources from each other Spreading Code = Channelization code x Scrambling code
Multipath Arrival of Signals
CDMA Rake Receiver
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
3G Services Who is first? – the customer;  who is second?  -  No one
Key Mobility Services ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Customized Application for Mobile Enhanced Logic (CAMEL) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Take the claims with a grain of salt
GSM Network C, D Gw-MSC C E, ISUP PSTN/ISDN ISUP GSM 04.08 Call MSC VLR A UE SMS-GW SCP IN gsm SCF SSP Circuit domain BSS HLR AuC Billing  Center STP
GSM & GPRS   C, D Gw-MSC C E, ISUP PSTN/ISDN ISUP GSM 04.08+ Call MSC VLR A UE SMS-GW GGSN PDN Gi Gb SGSN Data,  voice,  video call GSM 04.08+ Gr Gc Gn CGw Ga Ga SCP IN gsm SCF SSP IP Services Circuit domain Packet domain BSS HLR AuC Billing  Center STP
WCDMA/UMTS   C+, D+ Gw-MSC C E+, ISUP PSTN/ISDN ISUP GSM 04.08++ Call 3G-MSC VLR Iu-cs UE SMS-GW GGSN PDN Gi+ Iu-ps 3G-SGSN Data,  voice,  video call GSM 04.08++ Gr+ Gc+ Gn+ CGw Ga+ Ga+ SCP IN, CAMEL gsm SCF SSP IP Services Circuit domain Packet domain UTRAN HLR+ AuC Billing  Center STP
GSM/UMTS Bit rate, Mobility and Services High Bit Rate, Kbps Low Text Messaging Mobility Voice 76.0 GPRS 384.0 EDGE UMTS 2 Mb/s 9.6 14.4 HSCSD CS Data Fax GSM HSCSD GPRS (stationary) (Car / Train) EDGE UMTS
3G Evolution GSM HSCSD 15.2 kbps GPRS 170 kbps EDGE 473 kbps EDGE Ph2 GRAN 473 kbps TDMA CDPD 43.2 kbps TD-SCDMA 284 kbps TD-SCDMA Ph 2 2 Mbps PDA/PDC-P 14.4 kbps WCDMA FDD 2 Mbps WCDMA TDD 2 Mbps WCDMA HSDPA 10 Mbps cdmaOne 76.8 kbps CDMA2000 1x 307 kps 1XEV-DO (HDR) 2.4 Mbps 1XEV-DV (HDR) 5.4 Mbps WLAN IEEE 802.11b 11 Mbps HyperLAN2 54 Mbps IEEE 802.11 a/h 54 Mbps Harmonized HyperLAN2 And IEEE 802.11a Ref: Honkasalo et al, WCDMA and WLAN for 3G and Beyond, IEEE Wireless Communication, Apr 2002 3.5G 2.5G WiMAX/HyperMAN also in the mix
Some Representative Current Wireless Options ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Darwin’s Theory of Evolution and Survival of the fittest
3G WCDMA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],The favored twin sister of CDMA2000
Release 99 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],A lot to gobble
Release 4 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Release 5 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HSDPA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
WCDMA Domains Standardization of architecture (domains) and standardization of protocols (strata)
WCDMA Protocol Layers
WCDMA L1, L2, and RRC Sublayer
WCDMA Channels Transport Channels: how information transferred over the radio interface Logical Channels: Type of information transferred over the radio interface Channels made by soft hats
Mapping Between Channels N to M
WCDMA Channel Usage Examples Flexibility comes with responsibility
Radio Resource Management ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
WCDMA Power Control (near = far) Uplink and downlink (1500 Hz) Open Loop Power Control Closed Loop Power Control Outer Loop Power Control Equal Opportunity Administration (EOA)
WCDMA Handovers Hard and Inter-frequency handovers Intersystem cell-reselection “ Equivalent PLMN mode” (autonomous cell re-selection (packet) idle mode) Softer Soft
Handover Algorithm A relay race with multiple batons
Network Dimensioning and Optimization ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Don’t force a round peg in a square hole
WCDMA Quality of Service (Qos) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],One way communications is no communications
Location Services (LCS) Cell ID based Observed Time Difference Arrival – Idle Period Downlink (OTDOA-IPDL) Network Assisted GPS You can run but you cannot hide
Why Move Towards 4G? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Incessant human desire to reach the sky
Where Do We Want to Go? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],We are no longer in Kansas, Toto
Upcoming ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],And Now for Something Completely Different
3G All-IP Reference Architecture Iu Gi R Uu Gn Gc Gp Signalling and Data Transfer Interface Signalling Interface Gr Other PLMN Gn Applications & Services SCP CAP TE MT SGSN GGSN HLR SGSN GGSN Multimedia IP Networks UTRAN R-SGW Gi Mr Gi Ms MGW MGCF MRF PSTN/ Legacy/External Mm Mw Legacy mobile signaling Network Mc Cx Alternative Access Network Mh CSCF Mg T-SGW CSCF HSS MSC Server Gi MGW GMSC Server Nb Mc Mc Nc T-SGW Iu
WCDMA 3G Evolution to All-IP Network UTRAN N_B PSTN/ISDN N_B RNC RNC Iub Iub Iur Internet/Intranet/ISP Application servers Wireless Data Server www,  email IP SGSN GGSN IP  Firewall HLR AuC PCM SS7 3G-MSC ATM GTP+/IP N_B Internet/Intranet/ISP PSTN/ISDN Application servers N_B RNC RNC Iub Iub Iur ATM GTP+/IP Wireless Data Server www,  email IP PCM SS7 IP  Firewall GGSN IP PSTN/ISDN MGCF HSS CSCF SGW MGW MRF (G)MSC Server MGW 3G-MSC SGSN GGSN
3.5G Radio Network Evolution ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
3.5G WCDMA Evolved System Architecture Source: www.3gpp.org
Key 3G and 4G Parameters All IP (IPv6.0) Multiple versions IP 2 – 8 GHz 1.6 - 2.5 GHz Frequency Band 4G 3G Attribute Smart antennas; SW multi-band; wideband radios Optimized antenna; multi-band adapters Component Design Hybrid – integration of Wireless Lan (WiFi), Blue Tooth, Wide Area Wide area Cell based Network Architecture Converged data and VoIP Predominantly voice- data as add-on Major Characteristic ~2010 ~2003 Operational 200 kmph 200 kmph Mobile top Speed Packet Circuit/Packet Switching Concatenated Coding Convolution code 1/2, 1/3; turbo Forward Error Correction MC-CDMA or OFDM WCDMA/CDMA2000 Access 20 – 100 Mbps 385 Kbps -  2 Mbps Data Rate 100+ MHz 5 – 20 MHz Bandwidth
Key 4G Mobility Concepts ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Wireless IP  <--->  IP Wireless
4G Networks Advances ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],The demise of SS7
4G Networks Advances – cont’d ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Expand beyond the circle
Key Challenges ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],No pain, no gain
Key Challenges -  cont’d - 1 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Key Challenges -  cont’d - 2 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Manage Entropy
Key Challenges -  cont’d - 3 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
4G RF/IF Architecture Example Source: http://www.mobileinfo.com/3G/4G_CommSystemArticle.htm
4G Transreceiver Processing Example Source: http://www.mobileinfo.com/3G/4G_CommSystemArticle.htm
Key Challenges -  cont’d - 4 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],WPAN WLAN WWAN WMAN There is packet at the end of the tunnel +  IP
Key Challenges -  cont’d - 5 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Key Challenges -  cont’d - 6 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
4G Forums ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Summary ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Back-up
1 st  Generation Analog Cellular Systems
2 nd  Generation Cellular and Cordless Systems
3G WCDMA and CDMA2000 Standards
Cdma2000 Layered Structure
UMTS Spectrum Allocation
WCDMA Circuit Switched Protocols PHY Phy-up MAC RLC RRC MM CM ATM AAL2 FP AAL5 SSCOP SSCF-UNI SSCOP PHY AAL5 SSCF-UNI ALCAP NBAP Phy-up MAC RLC RRC PHY ATM Q.2630.1 Q.2150.1 MTP3b SSCF-NNI SSCOP AAL5 Iu UP AAL2 PHY ATM Q.2630.1 Q.2150.1 MTP3b SSCF-NNI SSCOP AAL5 UE Node B RNC Core CODEC Iu UP AAL2 PHY ATM AAL2 FP AAL5 SSCOP SSCF-UNI SSCOP PHY AAL5 SSCF-UNI ALCAP NBAP RANAP AAL5 SSCOP SSCF-NNI SCCP MTP3B RANAP AAL5 SSCOP SSCF-NNI MM CM SCCP MTP3B
WCDMA PACKET CONTROL PLANE PROTOCOLS Uu Iub Iu-ps SM GMM RRC RLC MAC-cd PHY-up FP FP PHY-up MAC-cd RLC RRC NBAP ALCAP ALCAP NBAP AAL2 SSSAR AAL2 SSSAR SAAL SAAL SAAL SAAL AAL5 AAL5 AAL5 AAL5 ATM ATM PHY  PHY  PHY CDMA PHY CDMA UE/MTE NODE B RNC SGSN
WCDMA PACKET USER PLANE PROTOCOLS IP RLC PDCP MAC PHY-up FP ALCAP PHY-up MAC RLC PDCP AAL2 SAAL AAL2 SAAL FP ALCAP ATM ATM PHY PHY PHY CDMA PHY CDMA UE/MTE NODE B RNC SGSN Uu Iub Iu-ps
HSDPA Protocol Architecture
IMS Architecture
Standards ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Glossary 3GPP:3G Partnership Project AAA:Authentication, Authorization, Accounting AMR:Adaptive Multi Rate (Speech Codec) ANSI:American National Standards Institute ARIB:Association of Radio Industries and Businesses  (Japan) BRAN:Broadband Radio Access Network (HYPERLAN  2) 2.5 Mbps CAMEL:Customized Application for Mobile Enhanced  Logic CDMA:Code Division Multiple Access CWTS: China Wireless Telecommunications Standards  group (China) ECMA:European Computer Manufacturers Association EDGE:Enhanced Data for GSM Evolution ETSI:European Telecommunications Standards Institute FDD:Frequency Division Duplex FDMA:Frequency Division Multiple Access GGSN:Gateway GPRS Support Node GMSC:Gateway MSC GPRS:General Packet Radio Service GSM:Global System for Mobile communication GTP:GPRS Tunneling Protocol HIPERLAN:High Performance Radio Local Area Network HLR:Home Location Register HSCSD: High Speed Circuit Switched Data HYPERLAN: High Performance Radio Access network IMSI:International Mobile Subscriber Identity IMT:International Mobile Telecommunications ITU:International Telecommunications Union   OVSF:Orthogonal Variable Spreading Factor PDN:Public Data Network PLMN:Public Land Mobile Network PSTN:Public Switched Telephone Network QoS:Quality of Service RAB:Radio Access Bearer RNC:Radio Network Controller RRC:Radio Resource Control SGSN:Servicing GPRS Support Node SIM:Subscriber Identity Module TDD:Time Division Duplex TDMA:Time Division Multiple Access TTA:Telecommunications Technology Association  (Korea) TTC:Telecommunications Technology  Commission (Japan) UMTS:Universal Mobile Telecommunications  System UTRAN:UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network VoIP:Voice over Internet Protocol WCDMA:Wideband Code Division Multiple  Access WLAN: Wireless Local Area Network WPAN: Wireless Personal Area Network WWAN: Wireless Wide Area Network
References 1.  www.3gpp.org 2. WCDMA for UMTS, Ed.: H. Holma and A. Toskala, John Wiley, 2001 3. UMTS - Mobile Communications for the Future, Ed. F.Muratore, John Wiley, 2001 4. WCDMA: Towards IP Mobility and Mobile Internet, Eds E.Djanpera and R.Prasad,  Artech House, 2001 5. IS-95 CDMA and CDMA2000, V.K.Garg, Publishing House of Electronics Industry, Beijing, 2002   6. IP Telephony, O. Hersent, D. Gurle Et, and J-P Petit, Addison-Wesley, 2000 7. www.mobileinfo.com

More Related Content

What's hot

Mobile Wimax Part2 Comparative Analysis
Mobile Wimax Part2 Comparative AnalysisMobile Wimax Part2 Comparative Analysis
Mobile Wimax Part2 Comparative AnalysisDeepak Sharma
 
Ch7
Ch7Ch7
Network communication
Network communicationNetwork communication
Network communication
Md. Mujahiduzzaman
 
LTE @ Yogyakarta, 19 December 2001
LTE @ Yogyakarta, 19 December 2001LTE @ Yogyakarta, 19 December 2001
LTE @ Yogyakarta, 19 December 2001
Arief Gunawan
 
통신시스템(Gprs network)
통신시스템(Gprs network)통신시스템(Gprs network)
통신시스템(Gprs network)
영기 김
 
4 g americas glossary of wireless acronyms 2012
4 g americas glossary of wireless acronyms 20124 g americas glossary of wireless acronyms 2012
4 g americas glossary of wireless acronyms 2012Gilles Samba
 
Edge technology
Edge technologyEdge technology
Edge technology
prernaparmar1
 
My PptIntroduction to 3G, GSM, GPRS, EDGE Network
My PptIntroduction to 3G, GSM, GPRS, EDGE NetworkMy PptIntroduction to 3G, GSM, GPRS, EDGE Network
My PptIntroduction to 3G, GSM, GPRS, EDGE NetworkARVIND SARDAR
 
Analysis of FHSS-CDMA with QAM-64 over AWGN and Fading Channels
Analysis of FHSS-CDMA with QAM-64 over AWGN and Fading ChannelsAnalysis of FHSS-CDMA with QAM-64 over AWGN and Fading Channels
Analysis of FHSS-CDMA with QAM-64 over AWGN and Fading Channels
IRJET Journal
 
21 final 3 g
21 final 3 g21 final 3 g
21 final 3 gManish
 
Basic of 3 g technologies (digi lab_project).pptx [repaired]
Basic of 3 g technologies (digi lab_project).pptx [repaired]Basic of 3 g technologies (digi lab_project).pptx [repaired]
Basic of 3 g technologies (digi lab_project).pptx [repaired]
Shahrin Ahammad
 
3 g to 4g transformation
3 g to 4g transformation3 g to 4g transformation
3 g to 4g transformationShehryar Khan
 
Wcdma radio functionality
Wcdma radio functionalityWcdma radio functionality
Wcdma radio functionalityruto123
 
download
downloaddownload
downloadbutest
 

What's hot (20)

Edge evolution
Edge evolutionEdge evolution
Edge evolution
 
Mobile Wimax Part2 Comparative Analysis
Mobile Wimax Part2 Comparative AnalysisMobile Wimax Part2 Comparative Analysis
Mobile Wimax Part2 Comparative Analysis
 
lte-wi max
 lte-wi max lte-wi max
lte-wi max
 
Ch7
Ch7Ch7
Ch7
 
Network communication
Network communicationNetwork communication
Network communication
 
LTE @ Yogyakarta, 19 December 2001
LTE @ Yogyakarta, 19 December 2001LTE @ Yogyakarta, 19 December 2001
LTE @ Yogyakarta, 19 December 2001
 
통신시스템(Gprs network)
통신시스템(Gprs network)통신시스템(Gprs network)
통신시스템(Gprs network)
 
4 g americas glossary of wireless acronyms 2012
4 g americas glossary of wireless acronyms 20124 g americas glossary of wireless acronyms 2012
4 g americas glossary of wireless acronyms 2012
 
Edge technology
Edge technologyEdge technology
Edge technology
 
My PptIntroduction to 3G, GSM, GPRS, EDGE Network
My PptIntroduction to 3G, GSM, GPRS, EDGE NetworkMy PptIntroduction to 3G, GSM, GPRS, EDGE Network
My PptIntroduction to 3G, GSM, GPRS, EDGE Network
 
Analysis of FHSS-CDMA with QAM-64 over AWGN and Fading Channels
Analysis of FHSS-CDMA with QAM-64 over AWGN and Fading ChannelsAnalysis of FHSS-CDMA with QAM-64 over AWGN and Fading Channels
Analysis of FHSS-CDMA with QAM-64 over AWGN and Fading Channels
 
21 final 3 g
21 final 3 g21 final 3 g
21 final 3 g
 
PPT
PPTPPT
PPT
 
21 final 3 g
21 final 3 g21 final 3 g
21 final 3 g
 
Basic of 3 g technologies (digi lab_project).pptx [repaired]
Basic of 3 g technologies (digi lab_project).pptx [repaired]Basic of 3 g technologies (digi lab_project).pptx [repaired]
Basic of 3 g technologies (digi lab_project).pptx [repaired]
 
3 g to 4g transformation
3 g to 4g transformation3 g to 4g transformation
3 g to 4g transformation
 
Wcdma radio functionality
Wcdma radio functionalityWcdma radio functionality
Wcdma radio functionality
 
Edge technology
Edge technologyEdge technology
Edge technology
 
download
downloaddownload
download
 
Practical tipsonwcdma
Practical tipsonwcdmaPractical tipsonwcdma
Practical tipsonwcdma
 

Similar to 3 g 4g adv_chal 041406 ver1

Tech_Talk__Institute_Of_Technology_University_Of_Moratuwa_For_Sales_Team.pdf
Tech_Talk__Institute_Of_Technology_University_Of_Moratuwa_For_Sales_Team.pdfTech_Talk__Institute_Of_Technology_University_Of_Moratuwa_For_Sales_Team.pdf
Tech_Talk__Institute_Of_Technology_University_Of_Moratuwa_For_Sales_Team.pdf
SampathFernando12
 
Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks
Wireless Metropolitan Area NetworksWireless Metropolitan Area Networks
Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks
Dilum Bandara
 
Code division multiple access
Code division multiple accessCode division multiple access
Code division multiple access
mangal das
 
Lte By Aziz
Lte By AzizLte By Aziz
Lte By Aziz
Aziz Zoaib
 
Long term evolution (lte) technology
Long term evolution (lte) technologyLong term evolution (lte) technology
Long term evolution (lte) technologykonan23
 
3GPP Standardisation & Evolution for Digital Infrastucture.pdf
3GPP Standardisation & Evolution for Digital Infrastucture.pdf3GPP Standardisation & Evolution for Digital Infrastucture.pdf
3GPP Standardisation & Evolution for Digital Infrastucture.pdf
21stMilestoneResiden
 
Modern cellular communication
Modern cellular communicationModern cellular communication
Modern cellular communication
Zaahir Salam
 
3 gpp – overview
3 gpp – overview3 gpp – overview
3 gpp – overview
Virendra Uppalwar
 
Neha 4g wireless network
Neha 4g wireless networkNeha 4g wireless network
Neha 4g wireless network
pankaj143neha
 
Neha 4g
Neha 4gNeha 4g
Neha 4g
pankaj143neha
 
LTE - Long Term Evolution
LTE - Long Term EvolutionLTE - Long Term Evolution
LTE - Long Term Evolution
Arief Gunawan
 
Cellular standars gprs edge cdma in mobile communication
Cellular standars   gprs edge cdma in mobile communicationCellular standars   gprs edge cdma in mobile communication
Cellular standars gprs edge cdma in mobile communication
Paul Pius
 

Similar to 3 g 4g adv_chal 041406 ver1 (20)

Tech_Talk__Institute_Of_Technology_University_Of_Moratuwa_For_Sales_Team.pdf
Tech_Talk__Institute_Of_Technology_University_Of_Moratuwa_For_Sales_Team.pdfTech_Talk__Institute_Of_Technology_University_Of_Moratuwa_For_Sales_Team.pdf
Tech_Talk__Institute_Of_Technology_University_Of_Moratuwa_For_Sales_Team.pdf
 
Eos Chap2
Eos Chap2Eos Chap2
Eos Chap2
 
21 final 3 g
21 final 3 g21 final 3 g
21 final 3 g
 
3G basic
3G basic3G basic
3G basic
 
Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks
Wireless Metropolitan Area NetworksWireless Metropolitan Area Networks
Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks
 
Code division multiple access
Code division multiple accessCode division multiple access
Code division multiple access
 
4G
4G4G
4G
 
2g 3g
2g 3g2g 3g
2g 3g
 
Aa
AaAa
Aa
 
Lte By Aziz
Lte By AzizLte By Aziz
Lte By Aziz
 
Long term evolution (lte) technology
Long term evolution (lte) technologyLong term evolution (lte) technology
Long term evolution (lte) technology
 
Modern trends in mobile communication
Modern trends in mobile communicationModern trends in mobile communication
Modern trends in mobile communication
 
3GPP Standardisation & Evolution for Digital Infrastucture.pdf
3GPP Standardisation & Evolution for Digital Infrastucture.pdf3GPP Standardisation & Evolution for Digital Infrastucture.pdf
3GPP Standardisation & Evolution for Digital Infrastucture.pdf
 
Modern cellular communication
Modern cellular communicationModern cellular communication
Modern cellular communication
 
3 gpp – overview
3 gpp – overview3 gpp – overview
3 gpp – overview
 
Neha 4g wireless network
Neha 4g wireless networkNeha 4g wireless network
Neha 4g wireless network
 
Neha 4g
Neha 4gNeha 4g
Neha 4g
 
1 tmo18023 umts overview
1 tmo18023 umts overview1 tmo18023 umts overview
1 tmo18023 umts overview
 
LTE - Long Term Evolution
LTE - Long Term EvolutionLTE - Long Term Evolution
LTE - Long Term Evolution
 
Cellular standars gprs edge cdma in mobile communication
Cellular standars   gprs edge cdma in mobile communicationCellular standars   gprs edge cdma in mobile communication
Cellular standars gprs edge cdma in mobile communication
 

Recently uploaded

Uni Systems Copilot event_05062024_C.Vlachos.pdf
Uni Systems Copilot event_05062024_C.Vlachos.pdfUni Systems Copilot event_05062024_C.Vlachos.pdf
Uni Systems Copilot event_05062024_C.Vlachos.pdf
Uni Systems S.M.S.A.
 
Video Streaming: Then, Now, and in the Future
Video Streaming: Then, Now, and in the FutureVideo Streaming: Then, Now, and in the Future
Video Streaming: Then, Now, and in the Future
Alpen-Adria-Universität
 
Microsoft - Power Platform_G.Aspiotis.pdf
Microsoft - Power Platform_G.Aspiotis.pdfMicrosoft - Power Platform_G.Aspiotis.pdf
Microsoft - Power Platform_G.Aspiotis.pdf
Uni Systems S.M.S.A.
 
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024
Albert Hoitingh
 
Free Complete Python - A step towards Data Science
Free Complete Python - A step towards Data ScienceFree Complete Python - A step towards Data Science
Free Complete Python - A step towards Data Science
RinaMondal9
 
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdfSmart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf
91mobiles
 
Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...
Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...
Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...
SOFTTECHHUB
 
GraphSummit Singapore | Graphing Success: Revolutionising Organisational Stru...
GraphSummit Singapore | Graphing Success: Revolutionising Organisational Stru...GraphSummit Singapore | Graphing Success: Revolutionising Organisational Stru...
GraphSummit Singapore | Graphing Success: Revolutionising Organisational Stru...
Neo4j
 
Monitoring Java Application Security with JDK Tools and JFR Events
Monitoring Java Application Security with JDK Tools and JFR EventsMonitoring Java Application Security with JDK Tools and JFR Events
Monitoring Java Application Security with JDK Tools and JFR Events
Ana-Maria Mihalceanu
 
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI support
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportEpistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI support
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI support
Alan Dix
 
SAP Sapphire 2024 - ASUG301 building better apps with SAP Fiori.pdf
SAP Sapphire 2024 - ASUG301 building better apps with SAP Fiori.pdfSAP Sapphire 2024 - ASUG301 building better apps with SAP Fiori.pdf
SAP Sapphire 2024 - ASUG301 building better apps with SAP Fiori.pdf
Peter Spielvogel
 
GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the Possible with Graph - Q2 2024
GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the  Possible with Graph - Q2 2024GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the  Possible with Graph - Q2 2024
GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the Possible with Graph - Q2 2024
Neo4j
 
A tale of scale & speed: How the US Navy is enabling software delivery from l...
A tale of scale & speed: How the US Navy is enabling software delivery from l...A tale of scale & speed: How the US Navy is enabling software delivery from l...
A tale of scale & speed: How the US Navy is enabling software delivery from l...
sonjaschweigert1
 
Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object Calisthenics
Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object CalisthenicsElevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object Calisthenics
Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object Calisthenics
Dorra BARTAGUIZ
 
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing Days
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing DaysClimate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing Days
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing Days
Kari Kakkonen
 
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...
BookNet Canada
 
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Overview.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Overview.pdfFIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Overview.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Overview.pdf
FIDO Alliance
 
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)
Ralf Eggert
 
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys at Amazon.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys at Amazon.pdfFIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys at Amazon.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys at Amazon.pdf
FIDO Alliance
 
Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software Fuzzing
Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software FuzzingRemoving Uninteresting Bytes in Software Fuzzing
Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software Fuzzing
Aftab Hussain
 

Recently uploaded (20)

Uni Systems Copilot event_05062024_C.Vlachos.pdf
Uni Systems Copilot event_05062024_C.Vlachos.pdfUni Systems Copilot event_05062024_C.Vlachos.pdf
Uni Systems Copilot event_05062024_C.Vlachos.pdf
 
Video Streaming: Then, Now, and in the Future
Video Streaming: Then, Now, and in the FutureVideo Streaming: Then, Now, and in the Future
Video Streaming: Then, Now, and in the Future
 
Microsoft - Power Platform_G.Aspiotis.pdf
Microsoft - Power Platform_G.Aspiotis.pdfMicrosoft - Power Platform_G.Aspiotis.pdf
Microsoft - Power Platform_G.Aspiotis.pdf
 
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024
 
Free Complete Python - A step towards Data Science
Free Complete Python - A step towards Data ScienceFree Complete Python - A step towards Data Science
Free Complete Python - A step towards Data Science
 
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdfSmart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf
 
Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...
Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...
Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...
 
GraphSummit Singapore | Graphing Success: Revolutionising Organisational Stru...
GraphSummit Singapore | Graphing Success: Revolutionising Organisational Stru...GraphSummit Singapore | Graphing Success: Revolutionising Organisational Stru...
GraphSummit Singapore | Graphing Success: Revolutionising Organisational Stru...
 
Monitoring Java Application Security with JDK Tools and JFR Events
Monitoring Java Application Security with JDK Tools and JFR EventsMonitoring Java Application Security with JDK Tools and JFR Events
Monitoring Java Application Security with JDK Tools and JFR Events
 
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI support
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportEpistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI support
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI support
 
SAP Sapphire 2024 - ASUG301 building better apps with SAP Fiori.pdf
SAP Sapphire 2024 - ASUG301 building better apps with SAP Fiori.pdfSAP Sapphire 2024 - ASUG301 building better apps with SAP Fiori.pdf
SAP Sapphire 2024 - ASUG301 building better apps with SAP Fiori.pdf
 
GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the Possible with Graph - Q2 2024
GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the  Possible with Graph - Q2 2024GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the  Possible with Graph - Q2 2024
GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the Possible with Graph - Q2 2024
 
A tale of scale & speed: How the US Navy is enabling software delivery from l...
A tale of scale & speed: How the US Navy is enabling software delivery from l...A tale of scale & speed: How the US Navy is enabling software delivery from l...
A tale of scale & speed: How the US Navy is enabling software delivery from l...
 
Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object Calisthenics
Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object CalisthenicsElevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object Calisthenics
Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object Calisthenics
 
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing Days
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing DaysClimate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing Days
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing Days
 
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...
 
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Overview.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Overview.pdfFIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Overview.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Overview.pdf
 
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)
 
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys at Amazon.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys at Amazon.pdfFIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys at Amazon.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys at Amazon.pdf
 
Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software Fuzzing
Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software FuzzingRemoving Uninteresting Bytes in Software Fuzzing
Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software Fuzzing
 

3 g 4g adv_chal 041406 ver1

  • 1. 3G and 4G Wireless – Advances and Challenges Suresh R. Borkar Adjunct Faculty, Dept of ECE, Ill Instt. of Tech. [email_address] Apr 14, 2006
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5. TDMA/FDMA Give the same air to all
  • 6. CDMA X I I I All persons are created equal Channelization code: Separate xmissions from a single source from each other Scrambling code: separate different sources from each other Spreading Code = Channelization code x Scrambling code
  • 9.
  • 10. 3G Services Who is first? – the customer; who is second? - No one
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13. GSM Network C, D Gw-MSC C E, ISUP PSTN/ISDN ISUP GSM 04.08 Call MSC VLR A UE SMS-GW SCP IN gsm SCF SSP Circuit domain BSS HLR AuC Billing Center STP
  • 14. GSM & GPRS C, D Gw-MSC C E, ISUP PSTN/ISDN ISUP GSM 04.08+ Call MSC VLR A UE SMS-GW GGSN PDN Gi Gb SGSN Data, voice, video call GSM 04.08+ Gr Gc Gn CGw Ga Ga SCP IN gsm SCF SSP IP Services Circuit domain Packet domain BSS HLR AuC Billing Center STP
  • 15. WCDMA/UMTS C+, D+ Gw-MSC C E+, ISUP PSTN/ISDN ISUP GSM 04.08++ Call 3G-MSC VLR Iu-cs UE SMS-GW GGSN PDN Gi+ Iu-ps 3G-SGSN Data, voice, video call GSM 04.08++ Gr+ Gc+ Gn+ CGw Ga+ Ga+ SCP IN, CAMEL gsm SCF SSP IP Services Circuit domain Packet domain UTRAN HLR+ AuC Billing Center STP
  • 16. GSM/UMTS Bit rate, Mobility and Services High Bit Rate, Kbps Low Text Messaging Mobility Voice 76.0 GPRS 384.0 EDGE UMTS 2 Mb/s 9.6 14.4 HSCSD CS Data Fax GSM HSCSD GPRS (stationary) (Car / Train) EDGE UMTS
  • 17. 3G Evolution GSM HSCSD 15.2 kbps GPRS 170 kbps EDGE 473 kbps EDGE Ph2 GRAN 473 kbps TDMA CDPD 43.2 kbps TD-SCDMA 284 kbps TD-SCDMA Ph 2 2 Mbps PDA/PDC-P 14.4 kbps WCDMA FDD 2 Mbps WCDMA TDD 2 Mbps WCDMA HSDPA 10 Mbps cdmaOne 76.8 kbps CDMA2000 1x 307 kps 1XEV-DO (HDR) 2.4 Mbps 1XEV-DV (HDR) 5.4 Mbps WLAN IEEE 802.11b 11 Mbps HyperLAN2 54 Mbps IEEE 802.11 a/h 54 Mbps Harmonized HyperLAN2 And IEEE 802.11a Ref: Honkasalo et al, WCDMA and WLAN for 3G and Beyond, IEEE Wireless Communication, Apr 2002 3.5G 2.5G WiMAX/HyperMAN also in the mix
  • 18.
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 23.
  • 24. WCDMA Domains Standardization of architecture (domains) and standardization of protocols (strata)
  • 26. WCDMA L1, L2, and RRC Sublayer
  • 27. WCDMA Channels Transport Channels: how information transferred over the radio interface Logical Channels: Type of information transferred over the radio interface Channels made by soft hats
  • 29. WCDMA Channel Usage Examples Flexibility comes with responsibility
  • 30.
  • 31. WCDMA Power Control (near = far) Uplink and downlink (1500 Hz) Open Loop Power Control Closed Loop Power Control Outer Loop Power Control Equal Opportunity Administration (EOA)
  • 32. WCDMA Handovers Hard and Inter-frequency handovers Intersystem cell-reselection “ Equivalent PLMN mode” (autonomous cell re-selection (packet) idle mode) Softer Soft
  • 33. Handover Algorithm A relay race with multiple batons
  • 34.
  • 35.
  • 36. Location Services (LCS) Cell ID based Observed Time Difference Arrival – Idle Period Downlink (OTDOA-IPDL) Network Assisted GPS You can run but you cannot hide
  • 37.
  • 38.
  • 39.
  • 40. 3G All-IP Reference Architecture Iu Gi R Uu Gn Gc Gp Signalling and Data Transfer Interface Signalling Interface Gr Other PLMN Gn Applications & Services SCP CAP TE MT SGSN GGSN HLR SGSN GGSN Multimedia IP Networks UTRAN R-SGW Gi Mr Gi Ms MGW MGCF MRF PSTN/ Legacy/External Mm Mw Legacy mobile signaling Network Mc Cx Alternative Access Network Mh CSCF Mg T-SGW CSCF HSS MSC Server Gi MGW GMSC Server Nb Mc Mc Nc T-SGW Iu
  • 41. WCDMA 3G Evolution to All-IP Network UTRAN N_B PSTN/ISDN N_B RNC RNC Iub Iub Iur Internet/Intranet/ISP Application servers Wireless Data Server www, email IP SGSN GGSN IP Firewall HLR AuC PCM SS7 3G-MSC ATM GTP+/IP N_B Internet/Intranet/ISP PSTN/ISDN Application servers N_B RNC RNC Iub Iub Iur ATM GTP+/IP Wireless Data Server www, email IP PCM SS7 IP Firewall GGSN IP PSTN/ISDN MGCF HSS CSCF SGW MGW MRF (G)MSC Server MGW 3G-MSC SGSN GGSN
  • 42.
  • 43. 3.5G WCDMA Evolved System Architecture Source: www.3gpp.org
  • 44. Key 3G and 4G Parameters All IP (IPv6.0) Multiple versions IP 2 – 8 GHz 1.6 - 2.5 GHz Frequency Band 4G 3G Attribute Smart antennas; SW multi-band; wideband radios Optimized antenna; multi-band adapters Component Design Hybrid – integration of Wireless Lan (WiFi), Blue Tooth, Wide Area Wide area Cell based Network Architecture Converged data and VoIP Predominantly voice- data as add-on Major Characteristic ~2010 ~2003 Operational 200 kmph 200 kmph Mobile top Speed Packet Circuit/Packet Switching Concatenated Coding Convolution code 1/2, 1/3; turbo Forward Error Correction MC-CDMA or OFDM WCDMA/CDMA2000 Access 20 – 100 Mbps 385 Kbps - 2 Mbps Data Rate 100+ MHz 5 – 20 MHz Bandwidth
  • 45.
  • 46.
  • 47.
  • 48.
  • 49.
  • 50.
  • 51.
  • 52. 4G RF/IF Architecture Example Source: http://www.mobileinfo.com/3G/4G_CommSystemArticle.htm
  • 53. 4G Transreceiver Processing Example Source: http://www.mobileinfo.com/3G/4G_CommSystemArticle.htm
  • 54.
  • 55.
  • 56.
  • 57.
  • 58.
  • 60. 1 st Generation Analog Cellular Systems
  • 61. 2 nd Generation Cellular and Cordless Systems
  • 62. 3G WCDMA and CDMA2000 Standards
  • 65. WCDMA Circuit Switched Protocols PHY Phy-up MAC RLC RRC MM CM ATM AAL2 FP AAL5 SSCOP SSCF-UNI SSCOP PHY AAL5 SSCF-UNI ALCAP NBAP Phy-up MAC RLC RRC PHY ATM Q.2630.1 Q.2150.1 MTP3b SSCF-NNI SSCOP AAL5 Iu UP AAL2 PHY ATM Q.2630.1 Q.2150.1 MTP3b SSCF-NNI SSCOP AAL5 UE Node B RNC Core CODEC Iu UP AAL2 PHY ATM AAL2 FP AAL5 SSCOP SSCF-UNI SSCOP PHY AAL5 SSCF-UNI ALCAP NBAP RANAP AAL5 SSCOP SSCF-NNI SCCP MTP3B RANAP AAL5 SSCOP SSCF-NNI MM CM SCCP MTP3B
  • 66. WCDMA PACKET CONTROL PLANE PROTOCOLS Uu Iub Iu-ps SM GMM RRC RLC MAC-cd PHY-up FP FP PHY-up MAC-cd RLC RRC NBAP ALCAP ALCAP NBAP AAL2 SSSAR AAL2 SSSAR SAAL SAAL SAAL SAAL AAL5 AAL5 AAL5 AAL5 ATM ATM PHY PHY PHY CDMA PHY CDMA UE/MTE NODE B RNC SGSN
  • 67. WCDMA PACKET USER PLANE PROTOCOLS IP RLC PDCP MAC PHY-up FP ALCAP PHY-up MAC RLC PDCP AAL2 SAAL AAL2 SAAL FP ALCAP ATM ATM PHY PHY PHY CDMA PHY CDMA UE/MTE NODE B RNC SGSN Uu Iub Iu-ps
  • 70.
  • 71. Glossary 3GPP:3G Partnership Project AAA:Authentication, Authorization, Accounting AMR:Adaptive Multi Rate (Speech Codec) ANSI:American National Standards Institute ARIB:Association of Radio Industries and Businesses (Japan) BRAN:Broadband Radio Access Network (HYPERLAN 2) 2.5 Mbps CAMEL:Customized Application for Mobile Enhanced Logic CDMA:Code Division Multiple Access CWTS: China Wireless Telecommunications Standards group (China) ECMA:European Computer Manufacturers Association EDGE:Enhanced Data for GSM Evolution ETSI:European Telecommunications Standards Institute FDD:Frequency Division Duplex FDMA:Frequency Division Multiple Access GGSN:Gateway GPRS Support Node GMSC:Gateway MSC GPRS:General Packet Radio Service GSM:Global System for Mobile communication GTP:GPRS Tunneling Protocol HIPERLAN:High Performance Radio Local Area Network HLR:Home Location Register HSCSD: High Speed Circuit Switched Data HYPERLAN: High Performance Radio Access network IMSI:International Mobile Subscriber Identity IMT:International Mobile Telecommunications ITU:International Telecommunications Union OVSF:Orthogonal Variable Spreading Factor PDN:Public Data Network PLMN:Public Land Mobile Network PSTN:Public Switched Telephone Network QoS:Quality of Service RAB:Radio Access Bearer RNC:Radio Network Controller RRC:Radio Resource Control SGSN:Servicing GPRS Support Node SIM:Subscriber Identity Module TDD:Time Division Duplex TDMA:Time Division Multiple Access TTA:Telecommunications Technology Association (Korea) TTC:Telecommunications Technology Commission (Japan) UMTS:Universal Mobile Telecommunications System UTRAN:UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network VoIP:Voice over Internet Protocol WCDMA:Wideband Code Division Multiple Access WLAN: Wireless Local Area Network WPAN: Wireless Personal Area Network WWAN: Wireless Wide Area Network
  • 72. References 1. www.3gpp.org 2. WCDMA for UMTS, Ed.: H. Holma and A. Toskala, John Wiley, 2001 3. UMTS - Mobile Communications for the Future, Ed. F.Muratore, John Wiley, 2001 4. WCDMA: Towards IP Mobility and Mobile Internet, Eds E.Djanpera and R.Prasad, Artech House, 2001 5. IS-95 CDMA and CDMA2000, V.K.Garg, Publishing House of Electronics Industry, Beijing, 2002 6. IP Telephony, O. Hersent, D. Gurle Et, and J-P Petit, Addison-Wesley, 2000 7. www.mobileinfo.com