This document summarizes and compares the major US political parties - Democrats, Republicans, Libertarians, Greens, Constitution, and Independence Party. It outlines when each party was founded, their core platform positions, and noteworthy historic members. While the two main parties - Democrats and Republicans - differ on issues like taxes, social programs, healthcare and defense spending, third parties like the Libertarians and Greens advocate more extreme stances but have not gained widespread popularity.
Government is defined as the institution through which a society makes and enforces its public policies. The state has four defining characteristics: population, territory, sovereignty, and government. There are several theories that attempt to explain the origin of the state, including the force theory, evolutionary theory, divine right theory, and social contract theory. The main purposes of government in the United States are to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty.
Gregory Johnson burned an American flag as a protest against nuclear weapons. He was arrested and convicted, but appealed his case to the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court ruled that burning the flag was an act of free speech protected by the Constitution. This case shows that the Constitution can protect minority opinions even when they go against the wishes of the majority. The document being summarized is a chapter about the US Constitution that provides background on this Supreme Court case regarding flag burning and explains how the Constitution places limits on government power.
Brief overview of the systems of different systems of government showing a spectrum from a system (or lack thereof) where no one rules, to ones where everyone rules.
U.S. Government -- Chapter 1 Section 2 "Forms of Government"CarmichaelWCHS
This document discusses different forms of government. It describes dictatorships, where a single person or small group holds power, versus democracies, where the people rule. It also outlines unitary governments with centralized power versus federal governments that divide power between central and local authorities. Additionally, it contrasts presidential systems that separate executive and legislative powers from parliamentary systems where the executive is accountable to the legislature.
This document summarizes different forms of government. It discusses the key differences between democratic and autocratic forms of government. It also describes different types of democracies such as direct democracy, representative democracy, presidential democracy, and parliamentary democracy. Additionally, it outlines different autocratic systems including monarchies, dictatorships, and totalitarianism. Finally, it examines how geography can influence government structures, defining unitary, federal, and confederate systems of government.
The document discusses key concepts in US government and politics such as:
- The Federalist Papers which argued for ratifying the US Constitution and included a promise for a bill of rights.
- McCulloh v. Maryland, an 1819 Supreme Court case that reinforced the supremacy of the national government over state governments.
- Writ of habeas corpus which allows prisoners to seek release by bringing their case before a judge.
- The line item veto which briefly gave presidents power to eliminate spending items in appropriations bills.
- Block, categorical, and mandate grants which are used to distribute federal money to state and local governments.
Democratic Theory and American Political CultureChristopher Rice
PowerPoint for Democratic Theory and American Political Culture lecture series for PS 101 American Government at the University of Kentucky, Dr. Christopher S. Rice, Instructor
This document summarizes and compares the major US political parties - Democrats, Republicans, Libertarians, Greens, Constitution, and Independence Party. It outlines when each party was founded, their core platform positions, and noteworthy historic members. While the two main parties - Democrats and Republicans - differ on issues like taxes, social programs, healthcare and defense spending, third parties like the Libertarians and Greens advocate more extreme stances but have not gained widespread popularity.
Government is defined as the institution through which a society makes and enforces its public policies. The state has four defining characteristics: population, territory, sovereignty, and government. There are several theories that attempt to explain the origin of the state, including the force theory, evolutionary theory, divine right theory, and social contract theory. The main purposes of government in the United States are to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty.
Gregory Johnson burned an American flag as a protest against nuclear weapons. He was arrested and convicted, but appealed his case to the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court ruled that burning the flag was an act of free speech protected by the Constitution. This case shows that the Constitution can protect minority opinions even when they go against the wishes of the majority. The document being summarized is a chapter about the US Constitution that provides background on this Supreme Court case regarding flag burning and explains how the Constitution places limits on government power.
Brief overview of the systems of different systems of government showing a spectrum from a system (or lack thereof) where no one rules, to ones where everyone rules.
U.S. Government -- Chapter 1 Section 2 "Forms of Government"CarmichaelWCHS
This document discusses different forms of government. It describes dictatorships, where a single person or small group holds power, versus democracies, where the people rule. It also outlines unitary governments with centralized power versus federal governments that divide power between central and local authorities. Additionally, it contrasts presidential systems that separate executive and legislative powers from parliamentary systems where the executive is accountable to the legislature.
This document summarizes different forms of government. It discusses the key differences between democratic and autocratic forms of government. It also describes different types of democracies such as direct democracy, representative democracy, presidential democracy, and parliamentary democracy. Additionally, it outlines different autocratic systems including monarchies, dictatorships, and totalitarianism. Finally, it examines how geography can influence government structures, defining unitary, federal, and confederate systems of government.
The document discusses key concepts in US government and politics such as:
- The Federalist Papers which argued for ratifying the US Constitution and included a promise for a bill of rights.
- McCulloh v. Maryland, an 1819 Supreme Court case that reinforced the supremacy of the national government over state governments.
- Writ of habeas corpus which allows prisoners to seek release by bringing their case before a judge.
- The line item veto which briefly gave presidents power to eliminate spending items in appropriations bills.
- Block, categorical, and mandate grants which are used to distribute federal money to state and local governments.
Democratic Theory and American Political CultureChristopher Rice
PowerPoint for Democratic Theory and American Political Culture lecture series for PS 101 American Government at the University of Kentucky, Dr. Christopher S. Rice, Instructor
Federalism is a system of government where power is distributed between a central federal government and state governments. There are three main types of federalism: dual federalism, cooperative federalism, and new federalism. Federalism aims to balance national unity with local diversity, while also providing checks and balances on power through division of authority between multiple levels of government.
This document classifies and compares different forms of government based on who holds power, how that power is distributed, and the relationship between branches of government. It outlines the key characteristics of democracy, dictatorship, unitary, federal, confederate, presidential, and parliamentary systems of government.
Slide 5 WestCal Political Science 1 - US Government 2015-2016WestCal Academy
American Leadership Policy Studies (ALPS) is a for-college credit certificate program that teaches the fundamentals of American government. ALPS includes a custom tailored Political Science 1 – US Government course taught in partnership with accredited colleges to assure students receive college credit. The class is taught from the perspective of industry professionals who work in local/state/federal bureaucracies and/or political/union campaigns. This course program may operate at the site of a partnering college or instructor of record who licenses ALPS course materials from WestCal Academy or at WestCal Academy’s main campus in partnership with an accredited college. WestCal Academy
This slide covers the following:
1. America’s Democratic Republic
2. Partisanship & Political Profiling
3. Party Competition
4. America’s Two Party System
5. Power Of The Vote
6. Power Of Money In The Political System
7. Elections As Symbolic
8. Candidate Image
9. Political Campaign Rhetoric
10. Interest Groups Protecting Elite Values
11. Lobbyists And The Power They Possess
12. Political Action Committees (PACs)
13. Invisible Hand: Capitalism & Democracy
14. Elite To Mass Communication
15. Messages & Manipulation
16. Elitism Take On Communication
17. Pluralism Take On Communication
Federalism refers to a system of government where power is divided between national and state governments. The Constitution grants express, implied, and inherent powers to the national government, while reserving other powers for the states. Concurrent powers are shared between the national and state governments. Local governments exercise power granted by their state governments. The Supremacy Clause establishes that the Constitution takes precedence over other laws. The two-party system in the U.S. developed from the Federalists and Anti-Federalists and is maintained by the electoral system and ideological consensus among Americans.
The document summarizes the history leading up to the ratification of the US Constitution, including weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation, debates at the Constitutional Convention, and compromises reached. Key events included Shay's Rebellion illustrating weaknesses of the Articles, debates around state representation and the Three-Fifths Compromise, and the Federalist Papers advocating for ratification. The final Constitution established a federal government with separated powers to balance state and federal authority.
The document discusses the concept of "the state". It defines the state as the centralized institutions that pass and enforce laws within a given territory, using legitimate force. The key powers of the state are outlined as: creating and enforcing laws, owning land, raising taxes, being a major employer, and regulating certain services. Some examples of state institutions are provided like the police, civil servants, and the judiciary. A brief history of concepts related to the state is presented. Different theoretical views of the state from pluralism, Marxism, and criticisms are summarized.
Federalism divides power between the central US government and state governments. It gives both levels of government authority over certain policy areas and requires their agreement to constitutional changes. Over time, the division of power has shifted, with the federal government's authority expanding into new areas but states still maintaining important regulatory functions. Debates continue around balancing federal and state power, with some presidents seeking to recentralize certain responsibilities to the states through "New Federalism" initiatives.
This document discusses the concept of federalism, which refers to a system of government that divides power between a central national government and several state or local governments. It outlines some key aspects of federalism such as the sharing and balancing of powers between federal and state governments. For example, the national government is responsible for national defense but not local issues like smoking laws. The document also examines different models of federalism and how the balance of power between federal and state governments has evolved over time in the United States.
This document defines and explains the concept of federalism. It discusses how federalism divides power between the central/federal government and state governments. It also describes how federalism has evolved from a system of "dual federalism" where each level was supreme, to today's "cooperative federalism" where powers are shared through grants and mandates. The advantages of federalism for democracy are increasing citizen participation and allowing local problems to be solved locally, while the disadvantages can include unequal services across states and too many levels of government.
IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal edited by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR).The Journal provides a common forum where all aspects of humanities and social sciences are presented. IOSR-JHSS publishes original papers, review papers, conceptual framework, analytical and simulation models, case studies, empirical research, technical notes etc.
Federalism is a system of government where power is shared between a central federal government and constituent regional units like states or provinces. In the Philippines, several prominent figures have advocated for adopting a federal system to decentralize power and increase local autonomy. Proposals have suggested dividing the country into 11 federal states with their own governments and senators to represent them nationally. While federalism may foster regional identities and create policy experiments, it also risks further dividing the country or overlapping jurisdictions.
Federalism in the US divides power between the national and state governments. It was a compromise between a unitary system and confederation. While not explicitly mentioned, the Constitution divides powers between the federal and state governments within their own spheres. Over time, amendments and Supreme Court rulings have increased federal power, though states still have autonomy in many policy areas like education and healthcare. Presidents have taken different approaches to federalism, with some increasing federal intervention and others reducing it. Overall, federalism allows for diversity while also providing national unity and protection of rights.
There are several types of governments: autocracy where one person has all power, such as a monarchy where power is held by a king or queen, or a dictatorship where an individual has absolute control. Democracy gives power to citizens, it can be representative where citizens elect leaders, or direct where citizens directly make laws. An oligarchy concentrates power in a small group, while a theocracy bases government on religious law. Anarchy is the absence of any government or centralized power.
This document discusses the concept of federalism and the division of powers between the federal and state governments in the United States. It defines federalism as a system where two levels of government share authority over the same geographic area and people. It outlines the powers granted to the federal government and state governments in the US Constitution. It also examines how the relationship between the levels of government has evolved over time, from dual federalism to cooperative federalism to new federalism.
This document defines key concepts related to government and political systems. It begins by defining what a government is and its main components: people, power, and policy. It then discusses the definition of a state and the key elements that make a state: a population, territory, sovereignty, and a government. It also covers different types of governments like unitary, federal, and confederate systems. The document contrasts presidential and parliamentary forms of government. It concludes by discussing principles of government like popular sovereignty, separation of powers, and checks and balances.
The document discusses the definition and roles of government. It defines government as a group that governs a community through laws and enforcement. Modern governments provide security, order, justice, welfare, economic regulation and education. Governments have a duty to protect citizens and territory, preserve peace, and ensure livelihoods. Governments can be classified as autocracies, oligarchies, or democracies, and come in different forms and economic systems. The basic purpose of government is to provide security, justice and organization to society.
This document contains lecture materials from a political science course covering various topics related to US government and federalism. It includes 10 course topics, such as American federalism, pressure groups in California, and civil rights movements. It also discusses the distribution of powers between national and state governments in the US system of federalism and how powers have centralized over time. Additionally, it addresses elite control of the policy process and how protest movements have achieved civil rights goals.
Slide 8 WestCal Political Science 1 - US Government 2015-2016WestCal Academy
American Leadership Policy Studies (ALPS) is a for-college credit certificate program that teaches the fundamentals of American government. ALPS includes a custom tailored Political Science 1 – US Government course taught in partnership with accredited colleges to assure students receive college credit. The class is taught from the perspective of industry professionals who work in local/state/federal bureaucracies and/or political/union campaigns. This course program may operate at the site of a partnering college or instructor of record who licenses ALPS course materials from WestCal Academy or at WestCal Academy’s main campus in partnership with an accredited college. WestCal Academy
This slide covers the following:
1. American Federalism
2. Powers Flow To The National Elite
3. Five Patterns Of Federalism
4. Redefining Federalism Patterns
5. California Political History
6. Pressure Groups In The Golden State
7. Protecting Interests From Sacramento
8. Citizen Use Of Media For Manipulation
9. Progressive Movements
10. Civil Rights Movement
This document provides an overview of federalism in the United States. It summarizes key aspects of federalism including how power is divided between the federal and state governments constitutionally, how federalism has evolved from dual to cooperative federalism, and how fiscal federalism works through grants. It also discusses advantages and disadvantages of federalism for democracy in the US.
Federalism is a system of government where power is distributed between a central federal government and state governments. There are three main types of federalism: dual federalism, cooperative federalism, and new federalism. Federalism aims to balance national unity with local diversity, while also providing checks and balances on power through division of authority between multiple levels of government.
This document classifies and compares different forms of government based on who holds power, how that power is distributed, and the relationship between branches of government. It outlines the key characteristics of democracy, dictatorship, unitary, federal, confederate, presidential, and parliamentary systems of government.
Slide 5 WestCal Political Science 1 - US Government 2015-2016WestCal Academy
American Leadership Policy Studies (ALPS) is a for-college credit certificate program that teaches the fundamentals of American government. ALPS includes a custom tailored Political Science 1 – US Government course taught in partnership with accredited colleges to assure students receive college credit. The class is taught from the perspective of industry professionals who work in local/state/federal bureaucracies and/or political/union campaigns. This course program may operate at the site of a partnering college or instructor of record who licenses ALPS course materials from WestCal Academy or at WestCal Academy’s main campus in partnership with an accredited college. WestCal Academy
This slide covers the following:
1. America’s Democratic Republic
2. Partisanship & Political Profiling
3. Party Competition
4. America’s Two Party System
5. Power Of The Vote
6. Power Of Money In The Political System
7. Elections As Symbolic
8. Candidate Image
9. Political Campaign Rhetoric
10. Interest Groups Protecting Elite Values
11. Lobbyists And The Power They Possess
12. Political Action Committees (PACs)
13. Invisible Hand: Capitalism & Democracy
14. Elite To Mass Communication
15. Messages & Manipulation
16. Elitism Take On Communication
17. Pluralism Take On Communication
Federalism refers to a system of government where power is divided between national and state governments. The Constitution grants express, implied, and inherent powers to the national government, while reserving other powers for the states. Concurrent powers are shared between the national and state governments. Local governments exercise power granted by their state governments. The Supremacy Clause establishes that the Constitution takes precedence over other laws. The two-party system in the U.S. developed from the Federalists and Anti-Federalists and is maintained by the electoral system and ideological consensus among Americans.
The document summarizes the history leading up to the ratification of the US Constitution, including weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation, debates at the Constitutional Convention, and compromises reached. Key events included Shay's Rebellion illustrating weaknesses of the Articles, debates around state representation and the Three-Fifths Compromise, and the Federalist Papers advocating for ratification. The final Constitution established a federal government with separated powers to balance state and federal authority.
The document discusses the concept of "the state". It defines the state as the centralized institutions that pass and enforce laws within a given territory, using legitimate force. The key powers of the state are outlined as: creating and enforcing laws, owning land, raising taxes, being a major employer, and regulating certain services. Some examples of state institutions are provided like the police, civil servants, and the judiciary. A brief history of concepts related to the state is presented. Different theoretical views of the state from pluralism, Marxism, and criticisms are summarized.
Federalism divides power between the central US government and state governments. It gives both levels of government authority over certain policy areas and requires their agreement to constitutional changes. Over time, the division of power has shifted, with the federal government's authority expanding into new areas but states still maintaining important regulatory functions. Debates continue around balancing federal and state power, with some presidents seeking to recentralize certain responsibilities to the states through "New Federalism" initiatives.
This document discusses the concept of federalism, which refers to a system of government that divides power between a central national government and several state or local governments. It outlines some key aspects of federalism such as the sharing and balancing of powers between federal and state governments. For example, the national government is responsible for national defense but not local issues like smoking laws. The document also examines different models of federalism and how the balance of power between federal and state governments has evolved over time in the United States.
This document defines and explains the concept of federalism. It discusses how federalism divides power between the central/federal government and state governments. It also describes how federalism has evolved from a system of "dual federalism" where each level was supreme, to today's "cooperative federalism" where powers are shared through grants and mandates. The advantages of federalism for democracy are increasing citizen participation and allowing local problems to be solved locally, while the disadvantages can include unequal services across states and too many levels of government.
IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal edited by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR).The Journal provides a common forum where all aspects of humanities and social sciences are presented. IOSR-JHSS publishes original papers, review papers, conceptual framework, analytical and simulation models, case studies, empirical research, technical notes etc.
Federalism is a system of government where power is shared between a central federal government and constituent regional units like states or provinces. In the Philippines, several prominent figures have advocated for adopting a federal system to decentralize power and increase local autonomy. Proposals have suggested dividing the country into 11 federal states with their own governments and senators to represent them nationally. While federalism may foster regional identities and create policy experiments, it also risks further dividing the country or overlapping jurisdictions.
Federalism in the US divides power between the national and state governments. It was a compromise between a unitary system and confederation. While not explicitly mentioned, the Constitution divides powers between the federal and state governments within their own spheres. Over time, amendments and Supreme Court rulings have increased federal power, though states still have autonomy in many policy areas like education and healthcare. Presidents have taken different approaches to federalism, with some increasing federal intervention and others reducing it. Overall, federalism allows for diversity while also providing national unity and protection of rights.
There are several types of governments: autocracy where one person has all power, such as a monarchy where power is held by a king or queen, or a dictatorship where an individual has absolute control. Democracy gives power to citizens, it can be representative where citizens elect leaders, or direct where citizens directly make laws. An oligarchy concentrates power in a small group, while a theocracy bases government on religious law. Anarchy is the absence of any government or centralized power.
This document discusses the concept of federalism and the division of powers between the federal and state governments in the United States. It defines federalism as a system where two levels of government share authority over the same geographic area and people. It outlines the powers granted to the federal government and state governments in the US Constitution. It also examines how the relationship between the levels of government has evolved over time, from dual federalism to cooperative federalism to new federalism.
This document defines key concepts related to government and political systems. It begins by defining what a government is and its main components: people, power, and policy. It then discusses the definition of a state and the key elements that make a state: a population, territory, sovereignty, and a government. It also covers different types of governments like unitary, federal, and confederate systems. The document contrasts presidential and parliamentary forms of government. It concludes by discussing principles of government like popular sovereignty, separation of powers, and checks and balances.
The document discusses the definition and roles of government. It defines government as a group that governs a community through laws and enforcement. Modern governments provide security, order, justice, welfare, economic regulation and education. Governments have a duty to protect citizens and territory, preserve peace, and ensure livelihoods. Governments can be classified as autocracies, oligarchies, or democracies, and come in different forms and economic systems. The basic purpose of government is to provide security, justice and organization to society.
This document contains lecture materials from a political science course covering various topics related to US government and federalism. It includes 10 course topics, such as American federalism, pressure groups in California, and civil rights movements. It also discusses the distribution of powers between national and state governments in the US system of federalism and how powers have centralized over time. Additionally, it addresses elite control of the policy process and how protest movements have achieved civil rights goals.
Slide 8 WestCal Political Science 1 - US Government 2015-2016WestCal Academy
American Leadership Policy Studies (ALPS) is a for-college credit certificate program that teaches the fundamentals of American government. ALPS includes a custom tailored Political Science 1 – US Government course taught in partnership with accredited colleges to assure students receive college credit. The class is taught from the perspective of industry professionals who work in local/state/federal bureaucracies and/or political/union campaigns. This course program may operate at the site of a partnering college or instructor of record who licenses ALPS course materials from WestCal Academy or at WestCal Academy’s main campus in partnership with an accredited college. WestCal Academy
This slide covers the following:
1. American Federalism
2. Powers Flow To The National Elite
3. Five Patterns Of Federalism
4. Redefining Federalism Patterns
5. California Political History
6. Pressure Groups In The Golden State
7. Protecting Interests From Sacramento
8. Citizen Use Of Media For Manipulation
9. Progressive Movements
10. Civil Rights Movement
This document provides an overview of federalism in the United States. It summarizes key aspects of federalism including how power is divided between the federal and state governments constitutionally, how federalism has evolved from dual to cooperative federalism, and how fiscal federalism works through grants. It also discusses advantages and disadvantages of federalism for democracy in the US.
This document discusses different systems of government and how power is distributed in each. It begins by asking the reader to identify the different levels of government where they live. It then explains that governments are organized to protect citizens and manage conflict. There are different types of governments like democracies, republics, and monarchies. Geographers study the types of governments and how power is distributed through systems. The main systems are unitary, confederation, and federal. Unitary governments have one central power. Confederation governments give some power to members. Federal governments share power between a central and state/provincial governments. Diagrams and country examples are provided to illustrate each system.
Chapter 2
The Constitution and it’s framing.
Lesson Plans
1. History and philosophy leading up to the constitution.
2. The revolution
3. Articles of Confederation
4. Constitutional Convention
5. Key Figures
6. Compromises
7. Amendments
Enlightenment and the Country’s founding
The founding of the country was based in principles in the European enlightenment.
One of the Enlightenment’s goals was to base governance on rationality.
Prior to the Enlightenment, governance was justified through tradition rather than reason.
Locke v Hobbes
Hobbes argued that the rationality for government was to prevent the state of nature.
Hobbes argued that life without the state would be a war between all and nasty, brutish and short. He advocated for a dictator to prevent this.
Locke disagreed. Locke argued that people would rather deal with what he called the mischief of foxes and polecats than to be devoured by lions.
This means that conflicts between individuals are manageable, but a tyrannical state is impossible to avoid.
Locke’s justification for a state is the social contract which is an agreement that the state protects rights. However if a state abuses its people, then it loses its legitimacy.
Locke’s principles drove the American Revolution.
The Revolution
The colonies originally had more freedom to run their own land prior to the Seven Years War (war between France and England).
The colonists were prevented to settle past Appalachia.
To pay back the taxes that resulted from the Seven Years War, England levied taxes on the colonists.
Colonists demanded representation in Parliament.
Stamp Act, (Tax on Paper goods) Townsend Act (Tax on glass, Tea, Paint)
The Colonies boycotted British Manufacturing goods.
Britain sent troops to the colonies, leading to an altercation with the troops known as the Boston Massacre
Britain passed an act that granted a monopoly on the British East India Tea Company, which led to the “Boston Tea Party.”
The Revolution cont.
These acts led to the state of Massachusetts to revolt, followed by the rest of the colonies.
The Declaration of Independence laid out the principles that drove the colonies to revolt against England.
This listed out the ways that Britain abused its power regarding the Social Contract.
“We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.--That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed”
This quote has driven the ideals in which we govern ourselves.
Articles of Confederation
Immediately following the revolution, the new nation agreed on the Articles of confederation.
The articles of confederation is the governing body that ruled the nation between the end of the Revolution and the creation of the constitution.
A confede ...
The document discusses key concepts in US government and politics such as:
- The Federalist Papers which argued for ratifying the US Constitution and included a promise for a bill of rights.
- McCulloh v. Maryland, an 1819 Supreme Court case that reinforced the supremacy of the national government over state governments.
- Writ of habeas corpus which allows prisoners to seek release by bringing their case before a judge.
- Types of federal grants such as categorical grants which are for specific purposes and block grants which give states more discretion.
- Theories of federalism including dual and cooperative federalism.
- Key documents and compromises that shaped the US system such as the Connecticut Compromise and Constitutional
This document provides a study guide for an exam on POLS 1101 that defines key political science concepts and outlines important events and documents in U.S. political history. It defines different forms of government (unitary, confederal, federal), principles like sovereignty, rights, and powers. It also summarizes major compromises and plans debated at the Constitutional Convention, the structure and powers granted to the three branches of government, and amendments that expanded civil rights.
The document provides information on different types of federalism:
- Dual federalism maintains that states and national governments remain in their own spheres like a "layer cake."
- Cooperative federalism means powers and policies are shared between states and national governments like a "marble cake."
- Categorical grants from the federal government require states to spend money according to federal wishes, increasing federal power relative to states.
The Founding leading to the ratification of the U.S. Constitution. Introduction to the Federalist Papers and their usefulness for ratification. Discuss the Bill of Rights.
This document discusses different systems of government and how power is distributed in each. It explains that there are three main ways power can be shared: unitary governments have one central authority that controls everything; confederations involve a voluntary association of independent states under a weak central power; and federal governments share power between a central national government and states or provinces that have considerable self-rule. The document provides examples of countries that use each system and diagrams to illustrate how power is divided in unitary, confederation, and federal systems.
252018 3. Federalism U.S. v. The States, Topic Overview.docxtamicawaysmith
2/5/2018 3. Federalism: U.S. v. The States, Topic Overview
http://www.learner.org/courses/democracyinamerica/dia_3/dia_3_topic.html 1/3
Topic Overview Unit 3
Federalism: U.S. v. the States
Learning Objectives
After completing this session, you will be able to:
Explain how the Constitution distributes power between the national and
state governments.
Describe the various types of federalism.
Explain the changes that have occurred in the federal system in the past 200
years.
Summarize the part played by state governments in the contemporary
federal system.
Discuss the role of grantinaid programs in the American federal system.
Describe the advantages and disadvantages of a federal system.
Unit 3 provides an overview of the workings of federalism in the United States. In
this unit, the complex and changeable relationship between the national and state
governments is explored. By focusing on the conflicts between national and state
powers, the unit develops a deeper understanding of nature of governmental power
in the American system.
Federalism is the division of powers between a central government and regional
governments. Most developed nations experience ongoing struggles over the
relative powers of their central and regional governments. The United States has a
federal system of government where the states and national government exercise
separate powers within their own spheres of authority. Other countries with federal
systems include Canada and Germany. In contrast, national governments in
unitary systems retain all sovereign power over state or regional governments. An
example of a unitary system is France.
The framers of the U.S. Constitution sought to create a federal system that
promotes strong national power in certain spheres, yet recognizes that the states
are sovereign in other spheres. In "Federalist No. 46," James Madison asserted
that the states and national government "are in fact but different agents and
trustees of the people, constituted with different powers." Alexander Hamilton,
writing in "Federalist No. 28," suggested that both levels of government would
exercise authority to the citizens' benefit: "If their [the peoples'] rights are invaded
by either, they can make use of the other as the instrument of redress." However, it
soon became clear that Hamilton and Madison had different ideas about how the
national government should work in practice. Hamilton, along with other
"federalists" including Washington, Adams, and Marshall, sought to implement an
expansive interpretation of national powers at the states' expense. Madison, along
with other "states' rights" advocates including Thomas Jefferson, sought to bolster
state powers.
The U.S. Constitution delegates specific enumerated powers to the national
government (also known as delegated powers), while reserving other powers to
the states (reserved powers). Article VI of the Constitution declares the laws of
the national gov ...
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Federalism is a system of government that divides power between a central federal government and state governments. Under the US Constitution, governmental power is shared between the federal government and state governments, with the federal government having broad general powers and states having more specific regulatory powers. The purpose of federalism is to ensure a balance of power between the federal and state governments.
The document outlines the levels of American federalism - the national/federal government, state governments, and local governments. It notes the US system is one of divided government, unlike most countries which have a unitary system with one central authority. It also discusses some of the sources of American federalism in the US Constitution
Federalism refers to the division of power between the national and state governments. The framers chose federalism for several reasons: the national government was weak, to maintain state sovereignty, and to protect individual liberty. Federalism is implemented through the 10th Amendment reserving powers to the states, concurrent powers shared by both levels, and block grants providing funding to states.
The document discusses the concept of federalism and the division of power between the US national and state governments. Under federalism, power is divided so that both levels of government can act directly on the people. The national government has delegated powers listed in the Constitution like taxation and defense. States have reserved powers over matters like health and welfare. There are also concurrent powers shared between levels like borrowing and establishing courts. The Supreme Court resolves conflicts between the national and state governments based on the principle of national supremacy.
This document discusses the three main systems of government: unitary, confederal, and federal. It provides examples of each system and describes their basic structures. The unitary system has authority centralized in the national government, while the confederal system gives sovereign powers to independent states. The federal system divides authority between a central/federal government and state/regional governments through a written constitution. The US has a federal system with powers shared between the federal and 50 state governments.
This document provides an overview of federalism in the United States. It discusses how the balance of power between the federal and state governments has shifted over time toward greater federal control. The document also analyzes some of the advantages and disadvantages of federalism, including how it can encourage policy innovation at the state level but also create challenges for deliberation at the national level. Additionally, it examines contemporary issues around federalism such as regulation, welfare, education, crime, and same-sex marriage.
- Same-sex marriage is currently an issue that involves both state and federal powers, as some states have legalized it while others ban it and the federal government does not recognize same-sex marriages.
- The Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) defined marriage at the federal level as between a man and a woman and allowed states not to recognize same-sex marriages performed in other states.
- Attempts have been made to pass a constitutional amendment banning same-sex marriage nationwide, but it would require a difficult two-thirds majority vote in Congress and ratification by three-fourths of state legislatures.
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A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
Reimagining Your Library Space: How to Increase the Vibes in Your Library No ...Diana Rendina
Librarians are leading the way in creating future-ready citizens – now we need to update our spaces to match. In this session, attendees will get inspiration for transforming their library spaces. You’ll learn how to survey students and patrons, create a focus group, and use design thinking to brainstorm ideas for your space. We’ll discuss budget friendly ways to change your space as well as how to find funding. No matter where you’re at, you’ll find ideas for reimagining your space in this session.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Find out more about ISO training and certification services
Training: ISO/IEC 27001 Information Security Management System - EN | PECB
ISO/IEC 42001 Artificial Intelligence Management System - EN | PECB
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) - Training Courses - EN | PECB
Webinars: https://pecb.com/webinars
Article: https://pecb.com/article
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How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
2. A Unitary System
o Central government gives power to
lower governments (cities, states,
etc.)
o Especially important is its role as
provider of funds
2
4. A Confederal System
o Sovereign
power at local
or regional
level
o European Union
o Other
Examples?
5. A Federal System
o Divides power between
national and lower
governments.
o Each government has
distinct, sovereign
powers
o U.S., Australia, Brazil,
Canada, Germany, India,
Mexico
6. Both…
Elect officials
Tax citizens for services
Use powers guaranteed by
Constitution
Involved in changing Constitution
(called concurrent powers)
14. Full Faith and Credit Clause
in Constitution
States give “full faith & credit” to
“public acts, records & judicial
proceedings” of other states
Includes civil laws (property rights,
wills, marriages)
21. According to 2013 SCOTUS
ruling, it‟s mixed.
Federal recognition of SSM in states
that have it ONLY.
Did not create constitutional right
to SSM …
22. …because marriage isn‟t a
constitutional right?
Not mentioned in Constitution
Marriage typically handled by
states
23. Tenth Amendment
Powers “not delegated to U.S. by
Constitution, nor prohibited by it
to states, are reserved to state
respectively, or to the people.”
24. Federal powers not specifically
outlined in constitution are state
powers
In theory, it still applies, but in
reality federal power grown
enormously
27. Divides today‟s Liberals and
Conservatives
Champions of 10th Amendment when
convenient…
…welfare reform, abortion, medicinal
marijuana (state or federal?)
28. THE GREAT DEBATE:
Centralist vs. Decentralists
Decentralists
State‟s rights
Constitution created by states, which
created central government
States closer to people
30. Centralist vs. Decentralist Arguments:
Where do you stand?
Sale and use of firearms
Education
Environment
1964 and 1965 civil rights
legislation
Illegal drugs
Marriage
Abortion
32. Ronald Reagan‟s 1981
Inaugural Address
Note President Reagan‟s remarks in
his first Inaugural Address.
Decentralist or Centralist?
Ronald Reagan’s First Inaugural
Start at 4:00 minutes
33. “Government by an elite group”
“We are nation that has a government, and
not the other way around”
“Federal tax system is stifling”
“Federal government taxes too much”
“Federal government has become elitist”
“Federal government did not create the
states, the states created the federal
government”
46. Two Questions
Did Congress have implied power to
establish bank?
Did Maryland unconstitutionally
interfere with congress?
47. Unanimous SCOTUS Ruling
Congress can incorporate bank
Maryland‟s tax unconstitutional
Congress has un-enumerated powers
Congress supreme within its
sphere of action
48. Gibbons vs. Ogden (1824)
Conflicts
between legitimate
national action and states
resolved in favor of former.
49. HISTORICAL CHANGES IN
AMERICAN FEDERALISM SINCE
1787
State Centered Federalism
(1787 to 1865)
Adoption of Constitution to end of
Civil War
50. Dual Centered Federalism
(1865 to 1913)
Balanced Period.
Clear Distinctions
States: Welfare, etc…
Federal: National Defense, etc…
52. Centralized Federalism
(1930s to 1980)
Massive growth of Federal Government
Roosevelt: Great Depression led to New
Deal.
Johnson: Great Society Programs - food
stamps, welfare, Medicaid.
Nixon: EPA.
Carter: Department of Education.
54. Share of nonmilitary spending by Federal,
State, Local Governments before and after
passage of New Deal legislation
55. New Federalism
(1980 to ?)
• Ronald Reagan wins office
• Devolution of government power
• Republicans win Congress („94)
• Clinton: “era of big government is
over”
• Welfare Reform Bill („96)
56. YET… No Child Left Behind Act. Dept. of Homeland
Security. Nationalization of Health Care.
Still in age of New Federalism?
58. Prohibited Powers
Apply
to national
and state
– national government
cannot tax exports or
create national
divorce laws.
– States cannot conduct
foreign policy and
coin money.
“Congress…
has the power
to coin
money.”
59. Checks and Balances
Federalism is an additional
way of preventing any level of
government from growing too
strong…
…beyond its Constitutional
Powers.
60. EXAM!
50 True and False Questions
Bring Laptop
Use exam review to study Wilson text only!
Avoid studying Power Points
Exam taken directly from text
Charge up your laptops!!