The document discusses three-address code as an intermediate representation used in compiler applications, specifically during optimization and code generation phases. It highlights how three-address code can break down expressions into manageable instructions, facilitating machine code generation and debugging. Various representations of intermediate code, such as postfix notation and syntax trees, are also mentioned as means to efficiently translate source programs into machine code.

1. DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & APPLICALION
ATAL BIHARI VAJPAYEE VISHWAVIDYALAYA
Assignment
Three address code
Submitted By
Ujjwal matoliya
MCA 2nd sem

2. INDEX
Compiler Phase
Intermediate Code Generation
Three address code
Three address code is used in compiler
applications
s

3. Compiler Phases

5. INPUT
OUTPUT

7. Intermediate Code Generation
Intermediate code can translate the source
program into the machine program.
Intermediate code is generated because the
compiler can’t generate machine code
directly in one pass. Therefore, first, it
converts the source program into
intermediate code, which performs efficient
generation of machine code further. The
intermediate code can be represented in the
form of postfix notation, syntax tree, directed
acyclic graph, three address codes,
Quadruples, and triples.

8. Application
Three Address Code
Postfix Notation
Syntax Trees
Quadruples representation
Triples representation

9. Three address code
Three-address code is an intermediate
code. It is used by the optimizing
compilers.
In three-address code, the given
expression is broken down into several
separate instructions. These instructions
can easily translate into assembly
language.
Each Three address code instruction
has at most three operands. It is a
combination of assignment and a binary
operator.

10. Example

11. Example
a := (-c * b) + (-c * d)

12. Example
a := (-c * b) + (-c * d)
t1 := -c

13. Example
a := (-c * b) + (-c * d)
t1 := -c
t2 := b*t1

14. Example
a := (-c * b) + (-c * d)
t1 := -c
t2 := b*t1
t3 := -c

15. Example
a := (-c * b) + (-c * d)
t1 := -c
t2 := b*t1
t3 := -c
t4 := d * t3

16. Example
a := (-c * b) + (-c * d)
t1 := -c
t2 := b*t1
t3 := -c
t4 := d * t3
t5 := t2 + t4

17. Example
a := (-c * b) + (-c * d)
t1 := -c
t2 := b*t1
t3 := -c
t4 := d * t3
t5 := t2 + t4
a := t5

18. Three address code is used in
compiler applications:

19. Three address code is used in
compiler applications:
Optimization: Three address code
is often used as an intermediate
representation of code during
optimization phases of the
compilation process. The three
address code allows the compiler
to analyze the code and perform
optimizations that can improve the
performance of the generated
code.

20. Three address code is used in
compiler applications:
Optimization: Three address code is often used as an intermediate
representation of code during optimization phases of the compilation
process. The three address code allows the compiler to analyze the
code and perform optimizations that can improve the performance of
the generated code.
Code generation: Three address code can
also be used as an intermediate representation
of code during the code generation phase of
the compilation process. The three address
code allows the compiler to generate code that
is specific to the target platform, while also
ensuring that the generated code is correct and
efficient.

21. Three address code is used in
compiler applications:
Optimization: Three address code is often used as an intermediate
representation of code during optimization phases of the compilation
process. The three address code allows the compiler to analyze the
code and perform optimizations that can improve the performance of
the generated code.
Code generation: Three address code can also be used as an
intermediate representation of code during the code generation phase of
the compilation process. The three address code allows the compiler to
generate code that is specific to the target platform, while also ensuring
that the generated code is correct and efficient.
Debugging: Three address code can be
helpful in debugging the code generated by
the compiler. Since three address code is a
low-level language, it is often easier to read
and understand than the final generated code.

22. Three address code is used in
compiler applications:
Optimization: Three address code is often used as an
intermediate representation of code during optimization phases
of the compilation process. The three address code allows the
compiler to analyze the code and perform optimizations that can
improve the performance of the generated code.
Code generation: Three address code can also be used as an
intermediate representation of code during the code generation
phase of the compilation process. The three address code allows
the compiler to generate code that is specific to the target
platform, while also ensuring that the generated code is correct
and efficient.
Debugging: Three address code can be helpful in debugging
the code generated by the compiler. Since three address code is a
low-level language, it is often easier to read and understand than
the final generated code.

23. Intermediate code can translate the source
program into the machine program.
Intermediate code is generated because the
compiler can’t generate machine code
directly in one pass. Therefore, first, it
converts the source program into
intermediate code, which performs efficient
generation of machine code further. The
intermediate code can be represented in the
form of postfix notation, syntax tree, directed
acyclic graph, three address codes,
Quadruples, and triples.