英國精神醫療之發展英國精神醫療之發展
• 1930 精神醫療法Mental Treatment Act
• 1959 精神衛生法 Mental Health Act ,開始推
動除 機構化
• 1973 善待精神病患法案 Best Services for the
Mentally Ill (BSMI) ,強調整體服務,制定住院
床位政策
1978 精神科病床 89,000 減至 1990 之
55,239 床
• 1990 全民保健服務及社區照顧法案 National
Health Services and Community Care Act
• 1991 照顧行動法案 Care in Action ,建立地區
性精神醫療體系
Vancouver CommunityVancouver Community
PsychiatricSystemPsychiatric System
Venture Car 87
Residential
program
SAFER
Vista
Team
Team
Team
Team
Team
Team Team
Team
Team
GVMHS
head
office
Blenbeim
House
Police, City Goverment, Social Welfare
Mental health association, Coastal foundation,
Social service agencies, Community Center
丹尼爾費雪丹尼爾費雪
Daniel B. Fisher,M.D., Ph.D.Daniel B. Fisher, M.D., Ph.D.
• Executive Director, National Empowerment
Center
• Recovery From Mental Illness and Becoming
a Commissioner
– Dan is a person who has recovered from
schizophrenia. He was hospitalized several times
(1969-74). prior to becoming a psychiatrist He is
one of the few psychiatrists in the country who
publicly discusses his recovery from mental illness.
– AB. from Princeton University, Ph.D. in
biochemistry from the University of Wisconsin,
M.D. from George Washington University,
residency at Harvard Medical School
– His recovery and work in the field were recognized
by his selection as a member of the White House
Commission on Mental Health.
“I have recovered from schizophrenia. If that statement surprises you
– if you think schizophrenia is a lifelong brain disease that cannot be
escaped – you have been misled by a cultural misapprehension that
needlessly imprisons millions under the label of mental illness”
(Fisher, 2001)
78.
派翠西迪根派翠西迪根 Patricia E.Deegan PhDPatricia E. Deegan PhD
• First been diagnosed with schizophrenia as a
teenager. She received her doctorate in clinical
psychology from Duquesne University in 1984.
• After completing school Pat worked as a clinical
director of community-based programs for the
Massachusetts Department of Mental Health from
1983-1987.
• Pat Deegan & Associates, LLC is a
consumer/survivor/ex-patient run organization. Our
mission is to improve the personal, social, economic
and cultural well being of people with psychiatric
disabilities through ex-patient directed study and
research.
WPA 2008WPA 2008主題 科學與人道主主題 科學與人道主 :: 人為中心之精神醫人為中心之精神醫
療療 -Science and Humanism: for a Person-Centered Psychiatry-Science and Humanism: for a Person-Centered Psychiatry
PCC
AACPAACP –– elementsof recoveryelements of recovery 康復之要件康復之要件
• hope and faith 希望及信
心
• self management and
autonomy 自管自主
• restoration and
personal growth 重建
個人成長
• tolerance and
forgiveness 容忍與寛
恕
• adaptability and
capacity to change 應適
與改變
• personal responsibility
and productivity 個人生
力與責任產
• peer support and
community life 同儕支
持與社區生活
• dignity and self respect
尊嚴與自尊
• acceptance and self
awareness 接受與自覺
• universal applicability
普世適用
*AACP Guidelines for Recovery Oriented Services
英國國家精神衛生政策英國國家精神衛生政策
• 2001 –the journey to
recovery 邁向康復的
旅程
– involve users and
their carers in the
planning and
delivery of care
– offer choices which
promote
independence
93.
英國工作與康復英國工作與康復 work andrecoverywork and recovery
• 2009
• work is good for mental
health: it aids recovery
and has a therapeutic
value
• it is vital that health and
employment services
work together
愛爾蘭愛爾蘭 Recovery ModelRecoveryModel
• the concept of recovery entered
the lexicon of the mental health
services in the 1980s
• Health Strategy of 2001
– Helps individuals to participate in
decision making to improve their health
• 2005 Mental Health Commission:
Developing a vision for a recovery
model of service
• recovery orientation to inform all
aspects of the design, development
and delivery of mental health services
since 2006