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1. Journal Club Presentation
Presented By:
Name: Sammelan Bikram Shahi
Roll No: 22
BPH, VIII Semester, SHAS, PU
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2. Presented for the partial fulfillment of requirement
of
PHA 451 Journal Club/Health Seminar
of
Bachelor of Public Health, VIII Semester,
School of Health and Allied Sciences, Pokhara University
under the cardinal supervision of
Assistant Professor Dr. Hari Prasad Kaphle
By
Sammelan Bikram Shahi
Symbol No: 17370199
PU Registration No: 2016-1-37-0123
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3. Selected Article for Presentation
• Badrinarayan Mishra, Nidhi D Sinha (Mishra), SK Shukla, Ashutosh
Kumar Sinha. Epidemiological Study of Road Traffic Accident Cases
from Western Nepal. Indian Journal of Community Medicine (Indian J
Community Med). 2010; Vol 35( Issue 1): 115-121
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4. Journal Information
• The Indian Journal of Community Medicine (IJCM, ISSN 0970-0218), is
the official organ & the only official journal of the Indian Association of
Preventive and Social Medicine (IAPSM).
• It is a peer-reviewed journal which is published Quarterly.
• The journal publishes original research articles, focusing on family health
care, epidemiology, biostatistics, public health administration, health care
delivery, national health problems, medical anthropology and social
medicine, invited annotations and comments, invited papers on recent
advances, clinical and epidemiological diagnosis and management;
editorial correspondence and book reviews.
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5. Journal Information
• The ISSN of the journal is 09700218, 19983581.
• The publisher of the journal is Medknow Publications .
• The journal is indexed with DOAJ, Emerging Sources Citation Index,
Indian Science Abstracts, IndMed, MedInd, PubMed Central, Scimago
Journal Ranking, SCOPUS, Web of Science.
• The journal is available in both print and online formats.
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6. Journal Information
Chief Editor
• Dr. Pradeep Kumar (Professor, Dr MKS Medical College, Ahmedabad,
Gujarat)
Joint Editors
• Dr. Rashmi Sharma (Associate Professor, GMERS Medical College Sola,
Ahmedabad, Gujarat)
• Dr. Bhavesh Modi (Associate Professor, GMERS Medical College
Gandhinagar, Gujarat)
48 more members (national and international) in editorial board.
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7. Journal Information
• Abstracting partners: 12 ( Hinari, Google scholar, National Science Library, Baidu
Scholar, Proquest, etc.)
• Indexing partners: 9 ( SCOPUS, PubMed Central, Index, Indian Science Abstracts,
IndMed, MedInd, Web of Science, DOAJ, etc.)
• Impact Factor of 2018 : 1.01 and 5 year Impact factor : 1.038
• Acceptance rate for 2020 : 5%
• DOI: 10.4103/0970-0218.62568
• Total Volumes Published : 45
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8. Critical Appraisal of Journal
• It is an open access, peer-reviewed and quarterly published journal.
• It is the official organ & the only official journal of the Indian Association of
Preventive and Social Medicine (IAPSM).
• The Journal is indexed with internationally reputed indexing agencies.
• Review process is Double blind peer review process which minimizes the
chances of biasness.
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9. Critical Appraisal of Journal
• The impact factor of the journal is not growing significantly as it was
in past years.
• The acceptance rate of the journal is 5 % which denotes that the
articles following guidelines strictly are only accepted for publishing.
• The process of manuscript submission is online and sometimes the
process gets lengthy .
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10. Tittle of Article
“Epidemiological Study of Road Traffic Accident Cases from
Western Nepal”
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11. Critical Appraisal of Title
• The title indicates the topic and focus of the study.
• It also indicates the research question .
• The title is meaningful and complete with a small confusion of study area.
• The title clearly reflects aim and objectives of the study.
• The title is neither too long nor too short and it is informative.
• The title gives an idea about the design of the study.
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12. Authors
The authors of the article are:
 Badrinarayan Mishra ( Senior Professor, Community Medicine at R D
Gardi Medical College)
 Education: MBBS, MD . Preventive and Social Medicine , Public Health,
Epidemiology
Field of Interest: DM, HTN, Adult and Childhood Nutrition, School Health,
MCH, Tropical Disease.
 Nidhi D Sinha (Mishra) (Asst. Professor , R D Gardi Medical College)
 Education : Master of Dental Surgery(Prosthodontics, Crown and Bridge and
Implantology)
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13. Authors
 SK Shukla, Department of Medical Informatics, RMC, Loni, India
 Ashutosh Kumar Sinha ( Govind Ballabh Pant Hospital, Cardiology)
Department of Orthopedics, Manipal College of Medical Sciences,
Pokhara, Nepal
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AUTHOR PUBLICATIONS READS CITATIONS
Badrinarayan Mishra 43 4431 194
Nidhi Dinesh Sinha 11 2073 177
SK Shukla NA NA NA
Ashutosh Kumar Sinha 58 24844 522

14. Critical Appraisal of Authors
• The names of authors are mentioned clearly.
• The published material is related with the author’s area of expertise.
• The authors have significant number of publications and citations in
their field of expertise.
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15. Abstract
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16. Critical Appraisal of Abstract
• The abstract of the article is well structured.
• The abstract is informative .
• It is comprehensive in its contents.
• The abstract is short and meaningful.
• It clearly gives the gist of the whole study.
• The information given in the abstract matches with the information in detailed text.
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17. Introduction
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18. Introduction
• Road Traffic Accident (RTA) is one among the top five causes of
morbidity and mortality in South-East Asian countries.
• The statistical profile reflects a global estimate of 5.1 million deaths,
which was due to injuries that accounted for 10% of deaths due to all
causes.
• The rooting of RTA in Nepal has few additional factors such as the
difficult terrain, political instability and universal availability of alcohol.
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19. Introduction
• The geographical complexity of the western region appears to make it
a place of special interest for study.
• Pokhara being the second largest city and a tourist heartthrob has no
epidemiological study on RTA.
• The backdrop this study, the first of its kind in Pokhara, was planned
to determine the epidemiological determinants of RTA.
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20. Critical Appraisal of Introduction
• The introduction is meaningful.
• It is built on the basis of existing literature and their review.
• The introduction is well prepared and logically presented.
• The citations are followed with correct references in the list of references.
• The introduction has clearly presented the need for the study in the respective study
area and population.
• The research question or hypothesis isn’t stated properly.
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Sammelan Bikram Shahi
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21. Materials and methods
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• Study setting: Manipal Teaching Hospital (MTH)
• Study Duration :1st June 2004 to 31st May 2005
• Study population: All the RTA victims reporting to MTH in the above one
year period.
• Sample size: 360 RTA victims
• Study Design: Prospective observational study design
• Study Variables: Demographic, human, vehicular, environmental and time
factors.
• Data Collection Tools: Pre-tested Proforma, Medicolegal records and case-
sheets
• Statistical analysis: Percentages, linear and logarithmic trend and Chi-square

22. Critical Appraisal of Materials and Methods
 Critical Appraisal of Research design:
The study design is appropriate as per the research problem.
 Critical Appraisal of Sample:
• The sample is representative of the population of interest.
• There isn’t any evidence of sampling error and sample bias.
• The non response rate is not incorporated.
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23.  Critical Appraisal of Methods and Materials:
• The methods incorporated are appropriate and are explained in detail
as far as practicable.
• The methods are in accordance with the ethical standards protection of
human rights.
• Proper data collection tools are used for the collection of scientific and
valid data.
• Many variables associated with the study are taken into consideration
during the research process.
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Critical Appraisal of Materials and Methods

24. Results
• Among 360 RTA victims, most cases 138 (38.33%) were in the age group of 15–
30 years.
• Victims from rural areas 237 (65.83%) were more as compared to urban areas 123
(34.17%)
• Personal problems like deviance, hyperactivity, low tolerance, inattentiveness
were associated with 120 (33.33%) RTA cases.
• Out of 69 drivers sustaining RTA in the present study, 32 (46.37%) were found to
have some evidence of alcohol consumption.
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25. • Maximum number of accidents occurred in between 3 and 7 p.m. i.e. 159
(44.16%) followed by 87 (24.16%) between 7 and 11 a.m.
• 269 (81.66%) RTAs occurred in rainy and cloudy conditions.
• The results shows that 180 (50%) cases were due to high speeding
vehicles.
• The estimated total days lost was 4620 days in the form of hospital stay
with an average of 12.83 days per each case.
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Results

26. Critical Appraisal of Results
• The results are presented in logical and comprehensible manner.
• Tables, charts and graphs are presented to support the findings.
• Important results are presented in both graphical and textual form.
• The tables are simple and alignment of information is done properly.
• The results are based on the aim and objectives of the study.
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27. Discussion
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28. Critical Appraisal of Discussion
• The discussion of the article is meaningful and has highlighted the
important findings of the study.
• All the significant findings have enough explanation with logical
comparison and are reasoned properly.
• There isn’t any sort of limitations presented in the discussion .
• The discussion opens the new directions for further research.
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29. Conclusion and Recommendation
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30. Critical Appraisal of Conclusion
• The conclusion is meaningful.
• The conclusion is supported by the results drawn and is based on the aim and
objectives of the study.
• The research question has been answered.
• Appropriate suggestions and recommendations are made .
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31. References
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32. Critical Appraisal of References
• The references are for every citation in the text part of the article.
• Total 30 references are listed in this article.
• All the references are accurate references and is enough for the recent
publications.
• All the references have been presented according to specific scientific
ANSI standard style adapted by the National Library of Medicine
(NLM).
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33. Strengths
• Research objectives are clearly stated.
• Proper explanations are provided for the outcomes measured.
• Causal links between variables is identified .
• This study, the first of its kind in Western region , determines the
epidemiological determinants of RTA in this study region.
• Scientific research design and methods have been applied.
• The article is reliable and useful source of information for academic and
non academic purposes.
• Conclusions of the research article is meaningful and based on the aim
and objectives of the study.
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34. Weakness
• Lack of information about data collection tools and data analysis
methods used .
• No explanation of site selected for data collection.
• No proper mentioning of exclusion criteria.
• Since the study is prospective and was carried out for a year, dropout
of study participants in between is a weakness of the research.
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35. Overall significance of the article
• The findings of the article are believable as they are based on scientific
evidences generated.
• The article is the author’s contribution to the scientific research in the
field of road traffic accidents in Nepal as well as academic society.
• The research findings and conclusion of the article can be extended and
applied at larger populations as it is generalizable.
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36. Contribution of Article For My Research
My dissertation title is: “ Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Tipper
drivers regarding Road Traffic Accidents In Kaski District”
Contribution of this article for my research:
Literature review for writing research proposal.
 Provides information for relevancy and coherency.
Defining study variables.
Identifies and reveals the problems that I might face during the conduction
of my research in the similar field.
Designing and finalizing my study questionnaire.
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37. ANY
Questions?
Quarries?
Suggestions?
Feedbacks?
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38. Thank You
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