This document discusses salt hydrolysis, buffers, and solubility products. It provides the following key points: 1. Salt hydrolysis occurs when a salt reacts with water to produce acid or base, usually from a strong acid and weak base or weak acid and strong base. The resulting salt will be acidic or basic depending on the parent acid and base. 2. Buffers resist changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added by containing both a weak acid and its salt or weak base and its salt. Common biological buffers are carbonic acid/hydrogen carbonate and dihydrogen phosphate/monohydrogen phosphate. 3. Solubility products (Ksp) describe the solub