The document summarizes key findings from the 2017 Edelman Trust Barometer, an annual survey of trust in institutions. Some key findings include:
- Trust in all four major institutions (business, government, media, and NGOs) declined globally in 2017, with two-thirds of countries now categorized as "distrusters" with less than 50% trust.
- There is a growing divide in trust levels between the general population and the more educated "informed public." The gap between these groups has grown to 15 points in 2017.
- Media saw the largest declines in trust, now distrusted in over 80% of countries surveyed. Government remains the least trusted institution globally.
Nespresso case analysis for a Channel Management course within IE Business School's Master in International Management marketing specialization. Delivered to Professor Fernando Cortinas and Professor Maria Teresa Aranzabal Harreguy.
Nespresso case analysis for a Channel Management course within IE Business School's Master in International Management marketing specialization. Delivered to Professor Fernando Cortinas and Professor Maria Teresa Aranzabal Harreguy.
Analyse base du marketing de Starbucks le Marketing Mix ainsi que autre information sur Starbucks chaine multinational du caffé .
Réalisé par etudiant de Master Marketing Sidi Bel Abbes promo 2015
Discover The Future Of SAP BusinessObjects (BI 4.3 SP02)Wiiisdom
SAP BI 4.3 is alive and kicking and its first service pack has been released. In this presentation, SAP expert, Patrick Sims, will present the key differences between BI 4.2 and BI 4.3 such as the interface, new features, and much more. We also understand that you’re already looking towards the future so Patrick will show BI 4.3 SP02 and present the roadmap for SAP BusinessObjects.
Watch it at: https://youtu.be/fQHKHjmwOHo?t=621
This plan was developed within a group of five NYU students during the 2013 fall semester. We elaborated a complete (integrated) marketing plan covering from the market analysis to the marketing tactics selected to reach ours business goals and objectives.
Join this webinar to find out how Amazon Web Services (AWS) provides hyperscale cloud infrastructure for running SAP HANA. You will learn about the features of SAP and AWS that support multi-terabyte OLTP and OLAP workloads on HANA, which can be deployed quickly and simply using our QuickStart guides. Additionally, you will discover how to deploy large SAP HANA estates on AWS based on multiple migration options, and how to leverage AWS services to build flexible, redundant, high-availability architectures.
Digital 2022 Italy (February 2022) v02DataReportal
All the data, statistics, and trends you need to make sense of digital in Italy in 2022. Includes the latest reported numbers for internet users, social media users, and mobile connections in Italy, as well as key indicators of ecommerce use. For more reports, including the latest global trends and individual data for more than 230 countries around the world, visit https://datareportal.com/
Analyse base du marketing de Starbucks le Marketing Mix ainsi que autre information sur Starbucks chaine multinational du caffé .
Réalisé par etudiant de Master Marketing Sidi Bel Abbes promo 2015
Discover The Future Of SAP BusinessObjects (BI 4.3 SP02)Wiiisdom
SAP BI 4.3 is alive and kicking and its first service pack has been released. In this presentation, SAP expert, Patrick Sims, will present the key differences between BI 4.2 and BI 4.3 such as the interface, new features, and much more. We also understand that you’re already looking towards the future so Patrick will show BI 4.3 SP02 and present the roadmap for SAP BusinessObjects.
Watch it at: https://youtu.be/fQHKHjmwOHo?t=621
This plan was developed within a group of five NYU students during the 2013 fall semester. We elaborated a complete (integrated) marketing plan covering from the market analysis to the marketing tactics selected to reach ours business goals and objectives.
Join this webinar to find out how Amazon Web Services (AWS) provides hyperscale cloud infrastructure for running SAP HANA. You will learn about the features of SAP and AWS that support multi-terabyte OLTP and OLAP workloads on HANA, which can be deployed quickly and simply using our QuickStart guides. Additionally, you will discover how to deploy large SAP HANA estates on AWS based on multiple migration options, and how to leverage AWS services to build flexible, redundant, high-availability architectures.
Digital 2022 Italy (February 2022) v02DataReportal
All the data, statistics, and trends you need to make sense of digital in Italy in 2022. Includes the latest reported numbers for internet users, social media users, and mobile connections in Italy, as well as key indicators of ecommerce use. For more reports, including the latest global trends and individual data for more than 230 countries around the world, visit https://datareportal.com/
Byline BY JOSEPH E. STIGLITZ ILLUSTRATION BY STEPHEN DOYLEOF TH.docxRAHUL126667
Byline: BY JOSEPH E. STIGLITZ ILLUSTRATION BY STEPHEN DOYLE
OF THE 1%, BY THE 1%, FOR THE 1%
Americans have been watching protests against oppressive regimes that concentrate massive wealth in the hands of an elite few. Yet in our own democracy, 1 percent of the people take nearly a quarter of the nation's income-an inequality even the wealthy will come to regret
It's no use pretending that what has obviously happened has not in fact happened. The upper 1 percent of Americans are now taking in nearly a quarter of the nation's income every year. In terms of wealth rather than income, the top 1 percent control 40 percent. Their lot in life has improved considerably. Twenty-five years ago, the corresponding figures were 12 percent and 33 percent. One response might be to celebrate the ingenuity and drive that brought good fortune to these people, and to contend that a rising tide lifts all boats. That response would be misguided. While the top 1 percent have seen their incomes rise 18 percent over the past decade, those in the middle have actually seen their incomes fall. For men with only high-school degrees, the decline has been precipitous12 percent in the last quarter-century alone. All the growth in recent decadesand morehas gone to those at the top. In terms of income equality, America lags behind any country in the old, ossified Europe that President George W. Bush used to deride. Among our closest counterparts are Russia with its oligarchs and Iran. While many of the old centers of inequality in Latin America, such as Brazil, have been striving in recent years, rather successfully, to improve the plight of the poor and reduce gaps in income, America has allowed inequality to grow.
Economists long ago tried to justify the vast inequalities that seemed so troubling in the mid-19th centuryinequalities that are but a pale shadow of what we are seeing in America today. The justification they came up with was called "marginal-productivity theory." In a nutshell, this theory associated higher incomes with higher productivity and a greater contribution to society. It is a theory that has always been cherished by the rich. Evidence for its validity, however, remains thin. The corporate executives who helped bring on the recession of the past three yearswhose contribution to our society, and to their own companies, has been massively negativewent on to receive large bonuses. In some cases, companies were so embarrassed about calling such rewards "performance bonuses" that they felt compelled to change the name to "retention bonuses" (even if the only thing being retained was bad performance). Those who have contributed great positive innovations to our society, from the pioneers of genetic understanding to the pioneers of the Information Age, have received a pittance compared with those responsible for the financial innovations that brought our global economy to the brink of ruin.
Some people look at income inequality and shrug their shoulders. So ...
The Future We Want Radical Ideas for the New Century R·A..docxarnoldmeredith47041
The Future We Want: Radical Ideas for the New Century
R·A.Dl
lC.AL iDEAS, FO,R A NEW 1CEI
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SAR,AH LED1N.Al
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AND BHASKAR S.UNKARA
�I.ETROPOLI.TAN BOOKS iH[NR.'i H(JLT AND COMP.ANY NEW YORK
Sarah Leonard
The Future We Want: Radical Ideas for the New Century
CONTENTS
Title Page
Copyright Notice
Introduction
Sarah Leonard
Working for the Weekend
Chris Maisano
Imagining Socialist Education
Megan Erickson
How to Make Black Lives Really, Truly Matter
Jesse A. Myerson and Mychal Denzel Smith
Sex Class
Sarah Leonard
The Green and the Red
Alyssa Battistoni
Red Innovation
Tony Smith
The Cure for Bad Science
Llewellyn Hinkes-Jones
Finding the Future of Criminal Justice
Phillip Agnew, Dante Barry, Cherrell Carruthers, Mychal Denzel Smith,Ashley Yates
Sarah Leonard
The Future We Want: Radical Ideas for the New Century
After Gay Marriage
Kate Redburn
Small, Not Beautiful
Tim Barker
The Red and the Black
Seth Ackerman
Coda
Peter Frase and Bhaskar Sunkara
Notes
Contributors
About the Authors
Copyright
Sarah Leonard
The Future We Want: Radical Ideas for the New Century Sarah Leonard
INTRODUCTION
Sarah Leonard
Every election season is a time of bemoaning why millennials won't vote
for politicians boldly committed to picking at the edges of their prob
lems. Consider a snapshot of the situation young people face: the unem
ployment rate for workers under age twenty-five is 18.1 percent; unem
ployment for black people who have not graduated from high school is
82.5 percent; the people most likely to be shot by police are black twen
ty-five-to-thirty-four-year-olds; the national student loan debt has sur
passed $1 trillion; and the only jobs lucrative enough to pay off college
loans are in the financial industry that detonated our economy or Sili
con Valley companies deregulating working-class industries.
The future doesn't hold much hope either, with median household
income declining 12.4 percent between 2000 and 2011. Having a family
is simply harder to afford now. Meanwhile, each new year sets another
low record for union density, meaning we have few levers for turning
those income numbers around. Unlike most wealthy countries, the United
States lacks universal child care and maternity leave, so women are stuck
with the same old debates over an impossible work-life balance.
We were told that in the knowledge economy good jobs followed higher
education; there are few jobs, and we lock ourselves into miserable ones
as quickly as possible to feed the loan sharks. The magazine writers who
report on self-indulgent twenty-somethings (think Time's ''The Me Me Me
Generation'' cover), the well-meaning guidance counselors who coach
kids to ''invest in themselves''-they should save their breath. You don't
need a college course to know when you're getting screwed.
The most grotesque feature of the 2016 election is the ra.
The Future We Want Radical Ideas for the New Century R·A..docxrtodd194
The Future We Want: Radical Ideas for the New Century
R·A.Dl
lC.AL iDEAS, FO,R A NEW 1CEI
N
I
TIUIRY
ED
I
ITfD B'f
SAR,AH LED1N.Al
1
D
AND BHASKAR S.UNKARA
�I.ETROPOLI.TAN BOOKS iH[NR.'i H(JLT AND COMP.ANY NEW YORK
Sarah Leonard
The Future We Want: Radical Ideas for the New Century
CONTENTS
Title Page
Copyright Notice
Introduction
Sarah Leonard
Working for the Weekend
Chris Maisano
Imagining Socialist Education
Megan Erickson
How to Make Black Lives Really, Truly Matter
Jesse A. Myerson and Mychal Denzel Smith
Sex Class
Sarah Leonard
The Green and the Red
Alyssa Battistoni
Red Innovation
Tony Smith
The Cure for Bad Science
Llewellyn Hinkes-Jones
Finding the Future of Criminal Justice
Phillip Agnew, Dante Barry, Cherrell Carruthers, Mychal Denzel Smith,Ashley Yates
Sarah Leonard
The Future We Want: Radical Ideas for the New Century
After Gay Marriage
Kate Redburn
Small, Not Beautiful
Tim Barker
The Red and the Black
Seth Ackerman
Coda
Peter Frase and Bhaskar Sunkara
Notes
Contributors
About the Authors
Copyright
Sarah Leonard
The Future We Want: Radical Ideas for the New Century Sarah Leonard
INTRODUCTION
Sarah Leonard
Every election season is a time of bemoaning why millennials won't vote
for politicians boldly committed to picking at the edges of their prob
lems. Consider a snapshot of the situation young people face: the unem
ployment rate for workers under age twenty-five is 18.1 percent; unem
ployment for black people who have not graduated from high school is
82.5 percent; the people most likely to be shot by police are black twen
ty-five-to-thirty-four-year-olds; the national student loan debt has sur
passed $1 trillion; and the only jobs lucrative enough to pay off college
loans are in the financial industry that detonated our economy or Sili
con Valley companies deregulating working-class industries.
The future doesn't hold much hope either, with median household
income declining 12.4 percent between 2000 and 2011. Having a family
is simply harder to afford now. Meanwhile, each new year sets another
low record for union density, meaning we have few levers for turning
those income numbers around. Unlike most wealthy countries, the United
States lacks universal child care and maternity leave, so women are stuck
with the same old debates over an impossible work-life balance.
We were told that in the knowledge economy good jobs followed higher
education; there are few jobs, and we lock ourselves into miserable ones
as quickly as possible to feed the loan sharks. The magazine writers who
report on self-indulgent twenty-somethings (think Time's ''The Me Me Me
Generation'' cover), the well-meaning guidance counselors who coach
kids to ''invest in themselves''-they should save their breath. You don't
need a college course to know when you're getting screwed.
The most grotesque feature of the 2016 election is the ra.
It’s fair to say that trust is the basis of all transactions, personal, legal or commercial. Without trust it isn’t an exaggeration to say that the world would descend into chaos and anarchy. Cooperation requires trust in the people you are dealing with. Without trust commercial activity would grind to a halt as contracts get flouted and international relations would deteriorate with wars becoming more frequent. Whilst the world still chugs along nicely in the spirit of trust there are cracks appearing in a number of institutions that we previously held to be reliable.
44 Time October 24, 2016Globalization is usually defined a.docxalinainglis
44 Time October 24, 2016
Globalization is usually defined as the free
movement of people, goods and capital. It’s been the
most important economic force of modernity. Until
the financial crisis of 2008, global trade grew twice
as fast as the global economy itself. Yet, thanks to
both economics and politics, globalization as we have
known it is changing fast.
Statistics tell the story: According to the World
Trade Organization, average global trade flows grew
around 10% a year from 1949 to 2008. But those num-
bers slumped to 1.3% from 2009 to 2015 and show
no signs of picking up, even as the global economy
has partially recovered from recession. Meanwhile,
flows of financial capital have become balkanized—
which is to say that after decades of coming closer
together, global markets and banking systems are
pulling apart. While cross-border goods, services and
financial flows represented 53% of the world econ-
omy in 2007, they are a mere 39% now. And there is
a drastic political pushback against the free flow of
people across national borders—globalization at its
most human.
The question is: Have we reached peak trade? “If
you think about globalization in traditional terms, in
terms of old-line trade in goods, for example, then
yes,” says McKinsey Global Institute research direc-
tor Susan Lund. “But if you think of it in terms of the
flow of digital data and ideas, then no—it’s actually
increasing.” Indeed, the cross-border flow of digi-
tal data—e-commerce, web searches, online video,
Digital
globalization may
yet offer a new
paradigm for
global trade
Has the
world
reached
peak trade?
B Y R A N A F O R O O H A R
E C O N O M Y
machine-to-machine interactions—has
grown 45 times larger since 2005 and is
projected to grow much faster than the
global economy over the next few years.
The real questions are whether that activ-
ity will buoy the global economy as much
as trade in physical goods once did, and
whether a more inclusive kind of global-
ization could help counter protectionism,
nationalism and xenophobia.
There’s no doubt globalization has
increased wealth at both global and na-
tional levels. According to the U.S. Coun-
cil of Economic Advisers, the reduction
of trade barriers alone raised U.S. GDP
by 7.3% from the end of World War II
through 2014. But free trade can also
widen the wealth divide within coun-
tries, in part by creating concentrated
groups of economic losers. Free trade
has made goods and services cheaper for
Americans—think of all the inexpensive
JA
K
O
B
W
A
G
N
E
R
high-end jobs—in research and develop-
ment or product design—closer to lower-
end factory and logistics jobs. The aim is
to better satisfy consumers who, for ex-
ample, want product selection in stores
to change every few weeks rather than
once every three to six months. Firms like
American Apparel, Zara, L Brands and
many others now create multiple prod-
uct hubs in regions, rather than building
complex global supply chains based on
wher.
The Big Oil Reality Check report finds that the climate pledges and plans of 8 international oil and gas companies fail to align with international agreements to phase out fossil fuels and to limit global temperature rise to 1.5ºC.
Publication May 2021
IEA publication, May 2024
Critical minerals, which are essential for a range of clean energy technologies, have risen up the policy agenda in recent years due to increasing demand, volatile price movements, supply chain bottlenecks and geopolitical concerns. The dynamic nature of the market necessitates greater transparency and reliable information to facilitate informed decision-making, as underscored by the request from Group of Seven (G7) ministers for the IEA to produce medium- and long-term outlooks for critical minerals.
The Global Critical Minerals Outlook 2024 follows the IEA’s inaugural review of the market last year. It provides a snapshot of industry developments in 2023 and early 2024 and offers medium- and long-term outlooks for the demand and supply of key energy transition minerals based on the latest technology and policy trends.
The report also assesses key risks to the reliability, sustainability and diversity of critical mineral supply chains and analyses the consequences for policy and industry stakeholders. It will be accompanied by an updated version of the Critical Minerals Data Explorer, an interactive online tool that allows users to explore the latest IEA projections.
Science Publication
Global projections of macroeconomic climate-change damages typically consider
impacts from average annual and national temperatures over long time horizons1–6
.
Here we use recent empirical fndings from more than 1,600 regions worldwide over
the past 40 years to project sub-national damages from temperature and precipitation,
including daily variability and extremes7,8
. Using an empirical approach that provides
a robust lower bound on the persistence of impacts on economic growth, we fnd that
the world economy is committed to an income reduction of 19% within the next
26 years independent of future emission choices (relative to a baseline without
climate impacts, likely range of 11–29% accounting for physical climate and empirical
uncertainty). These damages already outweigh the mitigation costs required to limit
global warming to 2 °C by sixfold over this near-term time frame and thereafter diverge
strongly dependent on emission choices. Committed damages arise predominantly
through changes in average temperature, but accounting for further climatic
components raises estimates by approximately 50% and leads to stronger regional
heterogeneity. Committed losses are projected for all regions except those at very
high latitudes, at which reductions in temperature variability bring benefts. The
largest losses are committed at lower latitudes in regions with lower cumulative
historical emissions and lower present-day income.
Science Publication: The atlas of unburnable oil for supply-side climate poli...Energy for One World
Nature Communication, Publication 2024
To limit the increase in global mean temperature to 1.5 °C, CO2 emissions must
be drastically reduced. Accordingly, approximately 97%, 81%, and 71% of
existing coal and conventional gas and oil resources, respectively, need to
remain unburned. This article develops an integrated spatial assessment
model based on estimates and locations of conventional oil resources and
socio-environmental criteria to construct a global atlas of unburnable oil. The
results show that biodiversity hotspots, richness centres of endemic species,
natural protected areas, urban areas, and the territories of Indigenous Peoples
in voluntary isolation coincide with 609 gigabarrels (Gbbl) of conventional oil
resources. Since 1524 Gbbl of conventional oil resources are required to be left
untapped in order to keep global warming under 1.5 °C, all of the above-
mentioned socio-environmentally sensitive areas can be kept entirely off-
limits to oil extraction. The model provides spatial guidelines to select
unburnable fossil fuels resources while enhancing collateral socio-
environmental benefits.
Jennifer Schaus and Associates hosts a complimentary webinar series on The FAR in 2024. Join the webinars on Wednesdays and Fridays at noon, eastern.
Recordings are on YouTube and the company website.
https://www.youtube.com/@jenniferschaus/videos
Presentation by Jared Jageler, David Adler, Noelia Duchovny, and Evan Herrnstadt, analysts in CBO’s Microeconomic Studies and Health Analysis Divisions, at the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists Summer Conference.
Donate to charity during this holiday seasonSERUDS INDIA
For people who have money and are philanthropic, there are infinite opportunities to gift a needy person or child a Merry Christmas. Even if you are living on a shoestring budget, you will be surprised at how much you can do.
Donate Us
https://serudsindia.org/how-to-donate-to-charity-during-this-holiday-season/
#charityforchildren, #donateforchildren, #donateclothesforchildren, #donatebooksforchildren, #donatetoysforchildren, #sponsorforchildren, #sponsorclothesforchildren, #sponsorbooksforchildren, #sponsortoysforchildren, #seruds, #kurnool
Preliminary findings _OECD field visits to ten regions in the TSI EU mining r...OECDregions
Preliminary findings from OECD field visits for the project: Enhancing EU Mining Regional Ecosystems to Support the Green Transition and Secure Mineral Raw Materials Supply.
This session provides a comprehensive overview of the latest updates to the Uniform Administrative Requirements, Cost Principles, and Audit Requirements for Federal Awards (commonly known as the Uniform Guidance) outlined in the 2 CFR 200.
With a focus on the 2024 revisions issued by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), participants will gain insight into the key changes affecting federal grant recipients. The session will delve into critical regulatory updates, providing attendees with the knowledge and tools necessary to navigate and comply with the evolving landscape of federal grant management.
Learning Objectives:
- Understand the rationale behind the 2024 updates to the Uniform Guidance outlined in 2 CFR 200, and their implications for federal grant recipients.
- Identify the key changes and revisions introduced by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) in the 2024 edition of 2 CFR 200.
- Gain proficiency in applying the updated regulations to ensure compliance with federal grant requirements and avoid potential audit findings.
- Develop strategies for effectively implementing the new guidelines within the grant management processes of their respective organizations, fostering efficiency and accountability in federal grant administration.
Jennifer Schaus and Associates hosts a complimentary webinar series on The FAR in 2024. Join the webinars on Wednesdays and Fridays at noon, eastern.
Recordings are on YouTube and the company website.
https://www.youtube.com/@jenniferschaus/videos
Monitoring Health for the SDGs - Global Health Statistics 2024 - WHOChristina Parmionova
The 2024 World Health Statistics edition reviews more than 50 health-related indicators from the Sustainable Development Goals and WHO’s Thirteenth General Programme of Work. It also highlights the findings from the Global health estimates 2021, notably the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on life expectancy and healthy life expectancy.
Jennifer Schaus and Associates hosts a complimentary webinar series on The FAR in 2024. Join the webinars on Wednesdays and Fridays at noon, eastern.
Recordings are on YouTube and the company website.
https://www.youtube.com/@jenniferschaus/videos
ZGB - The Role of Generative AI in Government transformation.pdfSaeed Al Dhaheri
This keynote was presented during the the 7th edition of the UAE Hackathon 2024. It highlights the role of AI and Generative AI in addressing government transformation to achieve zero government bureaucracy
2. On the cover, from top right: WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange prepares
to speak from Ecuadorian embassy balcony in London: Getty Images/Tolga
Akmen/Anadolu Agency; South Korean President Park Geun Hye expresses her
readiness to resign: Getty Images/Pool/Kyodo News; Assad regime hits civilians
in Aleppo: Getty Images/Ibrahim Ebu Leys/Anadolu Agency; President-elect
Donald Trump on his ‘Thank You Tour’ in Grand Rapids, Michigan: Getty Images/
Drew Angerer; Pro-Brexit demonstrators call for government to trigger Article
50: Getty Images/Jack Taylor; Barcelona FC’s Leo Messi testifies in ‘Panama
Papers’ fraud case: Getty Images/Alberto Estevez – Pool; Theranos founder and
CEO, Elizabeth Holmes photographed for Forbes on September 22, 2014 on
Theranos campus: Getty Images/Ethan Pines/Forbes Collection/Corbis; New
York Post December 6, 2016, issue covers Amazon’s new supermarket without
cashiers; impeached President Dilma Rousseff delivers her farewell address in
Alvorado Palace in Brazil: Getty Images/Mario Tama.
The 2017 Edelman Trust Barometer is the
firm’s 17th annual trust and credibility survey.
The research was conducted by Edelman
Intelligence, a global insight and analytics
consultancy.
Six years in 25+ markets
1,150 respondents per country
Ages 18+
General Online Population
Nine years in 20+ markets
500 respondents in U.S. and
China; 200 in all other countries
Represents 13% of total population
Must meet four criteria:
Ages 25-64
College educated
In top 25% of household income
per age group in each country
Report significant media consumption and
engagement in business news and public policy
Informed Public
All population not including
Informed Public
Mass Population
Methodology
Online survey in 28 countries
17 years of data
33,000+ respondents total
25-minute survey
All fieldwork was conducted between
October 13th and November 16th, 2016
4. An Implosion of Trust
Richard Edelman | President and CEO
It has been a year of unimaginable
upheaval. The incumbent party or elected
head of state in five of the top 10 global
economies (Brazil, Italy, South Korea,
U.K., U.S.) has been deposed or defeated.
Populist candidates are leading or growing
in strength in upcoming elections in France
and Germany. The U.K. voted to exit the
European Union. There have been violent
terrorist acts in Belgium, France, Germany,
and the U.S., plus the never-ending tragedy
in Syria. Bribery has been exposed at some
of Brazil’s leading companies, with CEOs
sent to jail. An American unicorn health
diagnostics start-up with a sterling board
of directors and huge private financing
was found to have falsified its clinical trials.
The release of the Panama Papers proved
tax evasion on a global scale by business
moguls and superstar athletes alike. The
mainstream media lost audience as its
advertising melted away and it confronted
the specter of fake news.
The 2017 Edelman Trust Barometer finds
that two-thirds of the countries we survey
are now “distrusters” (under 50 percent
trust in the mainstream institutions of
business, government, media and NGOs
to do what is right), up from just over half in
2016. This is a profound crisis in trust that
has its origins in the Great Recession of
2008. The aftershocks from the stunning
meltdown of the global economy are still
being felt today, with consequences
yet unknown.
Like the second and third waves of
a tsunami, ongoing globalization and
technological change are now further
weakening people’s trust in global
institutions, which they believe have
failed to protect them from the negative
effects of these forces. The celebrated
benefits of free trade—affordable products
for mass consumption and the raising
of a billion people out of poverty—have
suddenly been supplanted by concerns
about the outsourcing of jobs to lower-
cost markets. The impact of automation
is being felt, especially in lower-skilled
jobs, as driverless trucks and retail
stores without cashiers become reality.
We have moved beyond the point of
trust being simply a key factor in product
purchase or selection of employment
opportunity; it is now the deciding factor
in whether a society can function. As
trust in institutions erodes, the basic
assumptions of fairness, shared values
and equal opportunity traditionally upheld
by “the system” are no longer taken for
granted. We observe deep disillusion on
both the left and the right, who share
opposition to globalization, innovation,
deregulation, and multinational institutions.
There is growing despair about the future,
a lack of confidence in the possibility of
a better life for one’s family. The 2017
Edelman Trust Barometer finds that only
15 percent of the general population
believe the present system is working,
while 53 percent do not and 32 percent
are uncertain.
The lack of societal and institutional
safeguards provides fertile ground for
populist movements fueled by fear.
Corruption and globalization are the top
two issues for the general population,
with two-thirds of the public concerned
and nearly a third deeply worried about
these economic factors. But there also
is a deep unease about issues related
to personal safety or family life, including
erosion of social values, immigration and
rapid pace of change. Countries that
combine a lack of faith in the system
with deep societal fears, such as France,
Italy, South Africa, the United States, and
Mexico, are electing or moving towards
populist candidates.
These macro trends are causing
destabilizing aftershocks, with important
negative consequences for trust:
First, the trust collapse has moved beyond
a simple “class vs. mass” problem to a
systemic threat. More than three-quarters
of respondents among both informed and
general populations agree that the system
is biased against regular people and
favors the rich and powerful. Although we
have reached unprecedented trust gaps
between the informed public and the mass
population averaging nearly 20 points in
the U.S., U.K. and France (and gaps of 10
or more points in strong economies such
as India and China), the waves of anger are
now lapping at even the top rungs. Close
to half of the “informed public”—adults
25-64 with a college education, in the top
25 percent of income, and consume large
amounts of media—have lost faith in
the system.
Second, there is a lack of belief in
leaders, who damage the stature of their
institutions. We now observe a huge divide
between the modest trust in institutions
of business and government and a
pitifully low level of confidence in their
leaders. Over two-thirds of the general
population do not have confidence that
current leaders can address their country’s
challenges. The credibility of CEOs
fell by 12 points this year to 37 percent
5. globally; in Japan, it is 18 percent.
Government officials and regulators
are the least credible spokespeople,
at 29 percent credibility. “A person
like yourself” is now as credible as an
academic or technical expert, and far
more credible than a CEO or government
official, implying that the primary axis
of communications is now horizontal
or peer-to-peer, evidence of dispersion
of authority to friends and family.
Third, we’ve registered the demise of
government as an effective force in
leading change. From an exalted position
as savior in the wake of the financial
crisis, government is viewed today as
incompetent, corrupt and divided, the
least trusted global institution at 41
percent. The drop in government trust
began five years ago in developed markets,
with the inability of the European Union to
fashion a compromise on loans to Greece
and Portugal, plus the budget impasse in
Washington, D.C. In developing markets
such as Brazil, Mexico and South Africa,
trust in government collapsed in the past
four years in the wake of scandals; in
Brazil, it slid from 36 percent in 2013 to
24 percent in 2017. Trust in government
is now as much as 43 points below that
of business in developing markets; in
developed markets, it’s 25 points lower.
Fourth, the media, the vaunted Fourth
Estate in global governance, plunged in
trust this year, distrusted in more than
80 percent of the countries we survey,
to a level near government. Media is now
seen to be politicized, unable to meet its
reporting obligations due to economic
pressures, and following social media
rather than creating the agenda. Donald
Trump circumvents mainstream media
with his Twitter account, in this way
seeming more genuine, approachable
and responsive. Technology has allowed
the creation of media echo chambers, so
that a person can reinforce, rather than
debate, viewpoints. In fact, 59 percent
of respondents would believe a search
engine over a human editor. It is a world of
self-reference, as respondents are nearly
four times more likely to ignore information
that supports a position that they do not
believe in.
Business has much to fear in the
present context. Nearly one in two of the
general population agree that free trade
agreements hurt a country’s workers, while
72 percent favor government protection
of jobs and local industries, even if it
means a slower-growth economy. Populist-
fueled government could implement harsh
regulation of specific industries such as
manufacturing and technology, and a ban
on immigration, even of skilled workers.
There could be industrial policy aimed at
supporting strategic sectors, from tariffs
on imported products to negotiations
aimed at preventing outsourcing of jobs.
It would be the greatest folly for CEOs to
press populist leaders for less regulation—
particularly in the environmental arena.
Fifty-two percent of the general
population say a company’s effort
to protect and improve the environment
is important for building their trust.
We are in treacherous seas, without the
firm moorings of a reliable government
able to set easily understandable
guideposts. We have lost the objectivity
and shared experience of media as
a watchdog on institutions. Non-
governmental organizations are focused
on issues of the most vulnerable but are
ineffective advocates for the dispossessed
middle class. Business needs to play the
role of the solid retaining wall that stops
the uncontrollable storm surge, to fill the
void left by the other three institutions in
global governance.
Institutions must move beyond their
traditional roles of business as actor
and innovator; governments as referee and
regulator; media as watchdog; and NGOs
as social conscience. The new president
of the United States is inserting himself
directly into business decision-making,
recently strong-arming an automaker to
keep its manufacturing jobs in the country.
Business must get out in front and become
an effective advocate on policy, moving
away from lobbying toward direct public
discourse that provides context on trade,
immigration and innovation, outlining both
benefits and disadvantages. Company-
owned social media channels should
supplement mainstream media to educate
and to encourage dialogue. Business
should provide citizens with platforms
that invite them to help shape policy—
giving them a positive outlet for their
views and fears.
The growing storm of distrust is powerful
and unpredictable. Trust in institutions
has evaporated to such an extent that
falsehood can be misconstrued as fact,
strength as intelligence, and self-interest
as social compact. This has been a
slow-motion meltdown, an angry delayed
recognition of permanent decline in
economic and social status by those who
have not kept pace with globalization and
dramatic technological change. If faith in
the system continues to fall, rising populist
movements could wreak unimaginable
havoc, with resurgent nationalism and
divisive rhetoric moving to dangerous
policies. The onus is now on business,
the one institution that retains some trust
with those skeptical about the system,
to prove that it is possible to act in the
interest of shareholders and society
alike. Free markets can succeed for all if
business works with the people, not just
sells to them.
32017 | Edelman Trust Barometer
6. The State of Trust
Trust in all four institutions—
business, government, NGOs,
and media—to do what is right
declined broadly in 2017, a
phenomenon not recorded since
Edelman began tracking trust.
Two-thirds of countries now fall
into “distruster” territory, with
trust levels below 50 percent.
Further underscoring the trust
crisis is the lack of credibility of
leadership. Only 37 percent of
the general population now
say CEOs are credible, and 29
percent say the same about
government officials.
In lockstep with the falloff in trust,
2017 also witnessed a continuing,
growing divide between the
informed public and the mass
population, shown at right. What
began as a nine-point gap in 2012
has now grown to a 15-point gap
in trust between those with higher
levels of income and education
(60 percent), and the less trusting
mass population (45 percent).
Media declines the most. Media
is distrusted in 82 percent of
countries. In only five—Singapore,
China, India, Indonesia, and the
Netherlands—is media trust above
50 percent.
Trust in NGOs drops. For the first
time, trust in NGOs has fallen to
nearly the same level as trust in
business. In the GDP 5—the U.S.,
China, Japan, Germany and the
U.K.—trust in NGOs fell below
50 percent.
Trust in government further
evaporates. Government is
now distrusted in 75 percent
of countries.
Business is on the brink of
distrust. In 13 of 28 countries,
business is distrusted.
Trust in Institutions Declines
Percent trust in the four institutions
of government, business, media,
and NGOs, 2016 vs. 2017
55
53
48
42
53
52
43
41
-2-1-5-1
Media Business NGOsGovernment
2016 2017
Key
Media Declines the Most
4
7. Trusters (>59)
Neutral (50-59)
Distrusters (<50)
Informed
Public
Mass
Population
The Mass Population
distrusts institutions
in 20 of 28 countries.
Trust Index:
Mass Population
Left Behind
Average trust in institutions,
Informed Public vs.
Mass Population, 2017
45
70
67
62
59
59
52
50
50
47
47
47
47
47
45
42
41
41
41
40
39
38
37
36
36
35
34
34
31
60
80
79
78
77
71
68
62
62
61
61
57
57
56
56
55
54
54
53
51
51
50
50
49
49
47
45
44
43
Global
India
China
Indonesia
UAE
Singapore
U.S.
Canada
Netherlands
Italy
Mexico
Malaysia
Spain
France
U.K.
Colombia
Australia
Germany
Hong Kong
Argentina
Brazil
S. Korea
Turkey
Japan
S. Africa
Sweden
Russia
Ireland
Poland
Global
India
Indonesia
China
Singapore
UAE
Netherlands
Colombia
Mexico
Brazil
Canada
Italy
Malaysia
U.S.
Argentina
Hong Kong
S. Africa
Spain
Turkey
Australia
Germany
France
U.K.
S. Korea
Sweden
Ireland
Japan
Poland
Russia
Key
52017 | Edelman Trust Barometer
8. ALossofBelief
intheSystem
Distrust in all four institutions
has resulted in a belief by the
majority that the system is
failing them. This is a sentiment
shared by individuals across the
income and education scale,
including nearly half of those in
three groups: the top quartile of
income, the college-educated,
and the well-informed.
The 2017 Trust Barometer explored
a series of questions relating to
individuals’ feelings about the
equality of the system, confidence
in its leaders, hope for the future,
and desire for change. The sum
finding was that 53 percent
believe the system is failing them,
32 percent are uncertain, and 15
percent believe it is working today.
In tandem with trust in institutions
and belief in the overall system,
the Trust Barometer also examined
societal concerns around a number
of topical issues. The findings
evidence not only broad concerns,
but pronounced fears. The most
critical issues of concern are
corruption, globalization, eroding
social values, immigration, and the
pace of innovation.
It’s a perfect storm. Declining trust in
society’s institutional pillars has fueled
the belief that the system is ‘no longer
working for me.’ In that climate, mild
societal concerns expand into full-blown
fears, which are now spurring the actions,
uprisings, and dramatic transferals of
power we are seeing in key Western
markets. This loss of belief in the system
played a pivotal role in the outcome of
the U.S. election. In a post-election flash
poll of 1,000 people, 67 percent of Trump
voters were found to hold one or more
pronounced societal fears, compared
to 45 percent of Clinton voters.
Stephanie Lvovich
Global Chair, Public Affairs
Lac
k
of Belief in System
LossofTr
ust in Institutions Further Erodes
Trust
More Vulnerable
to
Fears
Economic &
Societal Fears
Populist
Action
Media
NGOs
Business
Government
85%
of respondents
lack full belief in
the system.
6
10. Where
Trust Is Low,
Action Intensifies
Widespread belief that the system
is broken increases a person’s
vulnerability to fear, ultimately
causing deeper distrust in
institutions. The combination of
distrust in institutions, a lack of
faith in the system,andaclimate
markedbypronounced societal
and economic fears ultimately
gives rise to an increase
in populist action.
Over one in two countries no longer
believes the system is working.
Countries that combine low levels
of faith in the system with multiple
societal fears are the very places
where reactive movements against
the elite have found fertile ground.
The map at right shows the intensity
of the combination.
As the map highlights, there are 19
countries where the sense that the
system is not working has become
the prevailing sentiment among the
general population. Note that this
sentiment is specific to Western-style
democracies, with the most intense
levels in Western Europe, Latin
America, and the United States.
In less democratic areas of the
world, distrust is being expressed
through the emergence of dissent
and opposing voices.
Countries with multiple
fears and above-average
belief that the system
is failing
Countries without fears
but an above-average
belief that the system
is failing
Countries that are
uncertain whether
the system is failing
Countries that believe
the system is working
Number of fears
(5-0) represented
by dot size
Key
8
11. Fear of:
Corruption
Immigration
Globalization
Eroding Social Values
Pace of Change
% Who Agree
System is Failing
72 72 67 67 67 64 62 62 62 60 59 59 57 56 55 55 53 52 51 48 48 42 42 36 35 30 23 19
France
Italy
Mexico
S.Africa
Spain
Poland
Brazil
Colombia
Germany
U.K.
Australia
Ireland
U.S.
Netherlands
Canada
Sweden
Argentina
Malaysia
Turkey
Russia
S.Korea
Indonesia
Japan
India
HongKong
Singapore
China
UAE
92017 | Edelman Trust Barometer
12. The Echo
Chamber Effect
Fueling the cycle of anxiety and
distrust is the emergence of a media
echo chamber that elevates search
engines over editors and reinforces
personal beliefs while shutting out
opposing points of view.
Within this climate, for the first
time ever, “a person like yourself”
is now as credible of a source for
information about a company as
a technical or academic expert.
Meanwhile, credibility of CEOs
has dipped to an all-time low of
37 percent—a 12-point decline
in a single year.
In this new world, the hierarchy of
official sources has been upended.
Sixty-four percent of the general
population say they find leaked
information more believable than
press statements. Fifty-five percent
say individuals are more believable
than institutions, and a company’s
social media page is more
believable than advertising.
In tandem, spontaneous speakers
are more believable than those
who are rehearsed, and those
who are blunt and outspoken
are more believable than those
who are diplomatic and polite.
Finally, respondents say they value
personal experiences as much
as, if not slightly more than, data
and statistics when it comes
to believability.
The emergence of the echo chamber
is directly correlated to the dawn of the
age of technology platforms. Now that
these platforms are the primary way we
discover and consume information, it has
made it easy for billions of people to tune
more deeply into proximate peers, tune
out all others and validate their worldview.
In this environment, where individuals
matter more than institutions, businesses
of all kinds will need to empower their
employees to cultivate communities and
build authentic relationships the same way
that influencers do. Perhaps nowhere is
this more critical than for the press. To
regain trust, it will need to encourage their
journalists to do the same.
Steve Rubel
Chief Content Strategist
Trust in Online
Sources Rises as
Traditional Media Falls
Percent trust in each source
for general news and information
64% Search engines
57% Traditional media
51% Online-only media
43% Owned media
43% Media institution
41% Social media
2012 - 2017:
+3
-5
+5
+2
-3
-3
10
13. more likely to ignore
information that
supports a position
they do not believe in
do not regularly
listen to people
or organizations
with whom they
often disagree
believe search
engines over
human editors
63
6765
5253
4849
45
35
60 6060
4846
43
3735
29
-7-5-4 -3-7-5-12-10-6
A person
like you
Technical
expert
Academic
expert
EmployeeFinancial
industry analyst
NGO
rep
CEOBoard of
directors
Government
official
2016
2017
Key
6in10
53%
4xnearly
nearly
PeersAreNowas
CredibleasExperts
Percent who rate
each spokesperson as
extremely/very credible
2016 vs. 2017
112017 | Edelman Trust Barometer
14. Business Is
on Notice
While trust in business remains
higher than that of government
or media, this is not to imply that
business is in the clear. On the
contrary, the 2017 Edelman Trust
Barometer findings paint a picture
of a public hungry for increased
regulation for business and
largely supportive of a number
of anti-business policies.
For instance, 82 percent say the
pharmaceutical industry needs
more regulations. Seventy percent
of the general population believe
policymakers should tax foods that
negatively impact health. Fifty-
three percent do not feel financial
market reforms have achieved
their intended effect of increasing
economic stability.
Business Plays a Role
in Fueling Societal Fears
Global population worries about losing their jobs due to:
Perhaps most concerning, however,
is the connection between the
public’s fears and business’ role in
worsening them. Sixty percent of
the general population surveyed
worries about losing their jobs due
to the impacts of globalization and
foreign competition. More than half
say the pace of change in business
and industry is moving too fast.
60% Lack of training/skills
60% Foreign competitors
58% Immigrants who work for less
55% Jobs moving to cheaper markets
54% Automation
the pace of change
in business and
industry is too fast
globalization is
taking us in the
wrong direction
50%
53%
12
15. Support for
Anti-Business Policies
The findings point to both a miss and an
opportunity for business. More than half
of the general population say innovation is
moving too fast. The interpretation is that
while business has done a masterful job
of illustrating the benefits of innovation,
it hasn’t provided enough context to help
people understand the issues—especially
the downsides. Driverless trucks may
mean potentially safer roads, but what is
the plan for driver retraining? As business
works to maintain trust, it needs to speak
to the real fears and uncertainties in the
room, partnering with government to
advance policy solutions, in tandem with
embracing the disruption.
Kathryn Beiser
Global Corporate Chair
Protectionism Slower Growth
“We need to prioritize
the interests of our
country over those of
the rest of the world.”
“The government should
protect our jobs and local
industries, even if it means
that our economy grows
more slowly.”
72% agree
69% agree
“We should not enter into
free trade agreements
beceause they hurt our
country’s workers.”
47% agree
132017 | Edelman Trust Barometer
16. Not only are the stakes high
for business, but so are the
expectations that it will act.
Three out of four general
population respondents agree
that a company can take actions
that both increase profits and
improve the economic and social
conditions in the community
where it operates.
Moreover, among those who
are uncertain about whether the
system is working for them, it is
business that they trust the most.
With a higher trust score than
government, business is, in effect,
the last retaining wall, holding back
a rising tide of dissatisfaction.
If business disappoints, it too
will fall victim to the rising tide.
As business seeks to maintain
the license to operate—and in
tandem, its relative position of
trust—it should begin with the
adage, “first do no harm.” Actions
that would do the most damage to
trust in business range from the
most egregious, such as paying off
government officials, to the more
commonplace of moving profits to
other countries to avoid taxes and
paying executives exponentially
more than employees.
In a climate in which the system
is perceived to be failing, the
expectations of business are
far greater, the Trust Barometer
findings show. For instance, the
three most important attributes
for building trust are treating
employees well, offering high
quality products and services,
and listening to customers. For
those who have lost faith in the
system, they matter even more.
This trend applies for all the
attributes that people say build
their trust in a company.
Recognizing that the treatment
and relationship with employees
and customers alike is integral
to building trust, business should
adopt an “inside out” approach,
which begins with listening.
Provide context; explain both the
economic and societal benefits of
innovations and other decisions;
engage; and then take action.
The importance of engaging with
employees is further supported by
the finding that they are the most
credible spokespeople on every
aspect of a company’s business,
even financial earnings.
No single action is more interconnected
with building trust than “treating employees
well.” And yet what that action entails
today is far more complex than good pay
and benefits. It goes beyond surveying
employees about engagement. Rather, the
best companies are deeply listening and
strategically integrating those insights to
help shape the future of their business.
What’s more, if the majority believes the
system isn’t working, business must infer
that their employees are a subset of this
population—which further underscores the
necessity of listening as a trust-building
and operational imperative.
Ben Boyd
President, Chief Executive Officer,
Edelman Canada and Latin America
Business: The Last
Retaining Wall
Among
the Uncertain,
Business Is the Most
Trusted Institution
51
47
37
29
57
58
50
53
52
58
47
62
NGOs
Business
Media
Government
UncertainSystem Failing System Working
Trust (>59)
Neutral (50-59)
Distrust (<50)
Most Trusted
Key
14
17. Four trust-builders
focused on societal
change matter to more
than 50 percent of
those who believe the
system is failing
Believe system is failing
General Population
Key
46
46
46
56
55
60
60
64
65
65
65
66
67
68
47
52
52
55
55
55
72
62Treats
employees
well
56
56
58
59
53
53
How Businesses
Can Build Trust
Percent who rate each attribute
as important to building
trust in a company
Address
societies needs
in its everyday
business
Programs
with positive impact
on local community
Profits the
company makes
here stay in
the country
Creates many
new jobs
Protects
and improves
the environment
Communicates
frequenty
and honesty
Takes responsible
actions to a
ddress issues
Places customers
ahead of profits
Transparent
and open
business practices
Ethical
business practices
Pays its fair
share of taxes
Listens to
customers
Offers high
quality
products/services
152017 | Edelman Trust Barometer
18. With
the People
As pictured below, the traditional
pyramid of influence and authority
has toppled. Not simply influence,
but now authority too rests in the
hands of the mass population.
This tension points to the need
for a new operating model for
institutions. No longer is it effective
for organizations to operate
autonomously, using a traditional
top-down approach. A flatter,
more participative model is
necessary to generate support
from stakeholders.
At its essence, the model that
we prescribe (at right) moves
beyond “for the people” to “with
the people,” placing people
squarely at the center. The new
model calls for institutions to
consider all stakeholders before
acting—reflecting the trust-building
attributes of treating employees
well and listening to customers.
Moreover, in a system that many
view as broken, institutions must
step outside of their traditional—
and siloed—roles. It is the shared
responsibility of government,
business, NGOs, and media to
fulfill the needs—and ease the
fears—of stakeholders at the
center. Each institution must
address societal concerns by
providing reasonable context on
the issues; working to improve the
long-term economic and social
conditions of communities; creating
public forums that educate about,
and advocate for, policies; and
communicating directly.
Shifts in Influence
& Authority
For the People With the PeopleCurrent Tension
16
19. 17
To climb back from a position of deteriorated trust,
and to ultimately restore belief in a system that too
many people believe has failed them, institutions
must operate as a people-centric, integrated
part of the broader societal fabric.
Toward an Integrated
Operating Model
nt
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