The document discusses various elements and principles of design that can be applied to photography composition, including line, shape, form, space, texture, color, balance, dominance, unity, proportion, contrast, isolation, and framing. It provides examples of different types of each element/principle and how they can impact the mood or focus of an image. The document also briefly touches on things to avoid, such as merger and distractions, which can negatively impact the composition.

2. FOTO?
Public?
Personal?
Journalist?
Artist?
Contents
Composition

3. SEEING
THINKING
ACTING
SHOOT!
Moments
Subjects
Purposes?

4. Link

5. Link

6. Link

7. Link

8. SEEING
THINKING
ACTING
Compositions
Techniques
Moments
Subjects
Purposes?
SHOOT!

9. Kenapa Foto
anda tidak
berjaya?

10. Poor composition

11. Boring subject matter

12. Cliche

13. Easy to photograph
link

14. Ugly or cheesy aesthetic (HDR,
selective color)

18. ELEMENTS
of DeSIGN

19. LINErepresent movement
Without line there can be no shape

20. Vertical line
convey different moods, ranging from
power and strength, to growth

21. Horizontal line
a feeling of restfulness, permanency,
and stability

22. Diagonal line
Work well to guide the viewers'
attention towards the main subject.
A sense of action and render photos
as dynamic and interesting

23. Leading line
focus attention on important elements.

24. Vanishing PointEmphasize the large scale of a landscape,
or to add a sense of drama to your images

25. Vanishing PointEmphasize the large scale of a landscape,
or to add a sense of drama to your images

26. S Curveadded a sense of movement to an otherwise static
image

27. Leading line

28. C Curve

29. SHAPEa two-dimensional object
The principal element of identification.
Needs to be in strong contrast with its surroundings
Organic
Geometry
Gestalt Theory

30. Organic SHAPE

31. Organic SHAPE

32. Geometry SHAPE
Triangle
Square
Circle
Oval

33. TriangleMost powerful shape.
represent tension

34. Diamond

35. Square

36. Circlesuggest completeness

37. Oval

38. FORM
a three-dimensional
shape, and is best
accentuated by side
lighting

39. PATTERN
can accentuate a
sense of size and
expansion

40. Size

41. Rule of
SPACEsuggests the distance between the objects

42. NEGATIVE/
POSITIVE
SPACEPositive shapes are found in visible
objects. Surrounds are Negative Space

43. TEXTURE
represents the details that are present on
the surface of an object
Texture is the “look and feel”

44. Colour
Different colors can send out
different messages
Vibrant colors are energetic,
interesting, and active

45. Colour

46. Warm
Colour
energize

47. Cool
Colour
soothing

48. Gestalt Theory
Continuation
Similarity
Closure
Proximity

49. Gestalt Theory
Continuation
The mind assumes
that lines extend
beyond the edges
of the frame.

50. Gestalt Theory
Similarity
Objects that are similar in shape, size or
colour are seen as belonging together.

51. Gestalt Theory
Closure -> Triangle
The mind completes shapes that
don’t exist.

52. Gestalt Theory
Proximity
A pair or group of
objects that are
close to each other
are more likely to
be perceived as
belonging together
than if they are far
apart

53. PRINCIPLES
of DeSIGN

54. BALANCE
Calm/Tension?
Balance is arranging the elements in a
piece so that there is an equality from one
side to the other

55. BALANCE

56. BALANCE?
Calm/Tension?

58. DOMINANCE
Size

59. DOMINANCE Contrast

60. DOMINANCE Isolation

61. DOMINANCE Colour

62. UNITY/
HARMONY/
SIMPLICITYUnity means the harmony of the whole
composition. The parts of a composition made
to work together as a total visual theme

63. PROPORTION
Golden Ratio/ Triangle
Rule of Third

64. GOLDEN RATIO

65. GOLDEN RATIO

66. GOLDEN
TRIANGLE

67. GOLDEN
TRIANGLE

68. RULE of THIRD

69. RULE of THIRD

70. PATTERN

71. GRADIATIONDark to light

72. CONTRAST

73. ISOLATION
Colour Pop
Size
Depth of Field
Light

74. ISOLATION
Colour Pop
Depth of Field

75. EXTRAS

76. NUMBER of
PRIME OBJECTS

77. NUMBER of
PRIME OBJECTS

78. Foreground
Including foreground interest in the
frame is one of a number of techniques to
give the scene a more 3D feel.

79. Background

80. Framing
portraying depth in a scene.

81. Low key
Low key refers to a style of
photography that utilizes
predominantly dark tones to create a
dramatic looking image

82. High keyHigh Key images are considered happy

83. Motion

84. Motion
Link

85. Reflection

86. THINGS to
AVOID

87. MERGER
Ruins the shapes
Tonal
Near
Dimensional
Border

88. MERGER
Border

89. MERGER
Dimensional

90. MERGER
Near

91. MERGER
Tonal

92. Competition

93. HORIZON??

94. DISTRACTION