2016 Chemistry Lab Experience
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This document provides Tiffany Staggs' chemistry lab experience including coursework, experiments, and instrumentation. She completed Chemistry 234 and 236 at West Virginia University in 2014 under Dr. John Penn, focusing on organic synthesis reactions and spectroscopy techniques. In 2015, she took Chemistry 215 from Professor Harry Finklea and gained experience in analytical chemistry methods such as acid-base titrations, electrochemistry, and spectroscopy. Staggs is proficient in using instrumentation like melting point apparatus, NMR, IR, ion exchange columns, and potentiometric electrodes.
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The document discusses aromatic five-membered heterocycles containing one heteroatom - pyrrole, furan, and thiophene. Pyrrole has a higher boiling point than furan and thiophene due to hydrogen bonding. These compounds undergo electrophilic substitution at the carbon atoms. Thiophene has the most resonance structures. The order of aromaticity is benzene > thiophene > pyrrole > furan. Pyrrole is acidic due to stabilization of its conjugate base by resonance. Furan can undergo Diels-Alder reactions while thiophene and pyrrole cannot due to aromaticity.
Syllabus_3006312720200506092720.pdf
Pyridine is a basic heterocyclic organic compound with the chemical formula C5H5N. It is structurally similar to benzene but with one methine group replaced by a nitrogen atom. Pyridine has a planar ring structure due to sp2 hybridization of its atoms. It is aromatic according to Huckel's rule. Pyridine is more basic than pyrrole due to its nitrogen lone pair participating less in resonance. Several methods can be used to synthesize pyridine including the Hantzsch synthesis and from 1,5-dicarbonyl compounds. Electrophilic substitution occurs predominantly at position 3 of the pyridine ring. Pyridine undergoes reactions typical of
Academ Present 022009 001[1]
The document summarizes Pieter Otten's research publications and patents related to using phosphine oxides as reagents for synthesizing thioamides, selenoamides, and other organosulfur and organoselenium compounds. It also describes Otten's work developing fluorescent indicators for measuring magnesium and calcium ions intracellularly and designing NMR-active reporter molecules for detecting gene expression.
heterocyclic compounds.ppt
1. Heterocyclic compounds contain ring structures with at least two different elements as members. Pyridine is a six-membered heterocyclic compound containing one nitrogen atom.
2. Pyridine can be represented by resonance structures with the nitrogen atom withdrawing electron density from certain carbon atoms. It is aromatic but a weaker base than analogous amines due to its sp2 hybridized nitrogen.
3. Pyridine undergoes electrophilic substitution and nucleophilic substitution reactions. N-oxide pyridine is more activated for these reactions and is an important intermediate for preparing substituted pyridines.
S. Y. B.Sc.
This document outlines the syllabus for Semesters III and IV of an S.Y.B.Sc. in Chemistry. Semester III covers Physical and Inorganic Chemistry, including topics like thermodynamics, chemical equilibrium, phase equilibrium, and the chemistry of transition metals. Semester IV covers similar topics, along with electrochemistry, solid state, and colloidal chemistry. Both semesters include organic chemistry courses covering topics such as spectroscopy, alcohols, ethers, aldehydes and ketones. The document also lists textbooks, reference books, and laboratory experiments for each semester.
Six membered aromatic heterocyclic pyridine
1) Pyridine is a six-membered aromatic heterocyclic compound containing one nitrogen atom. It can be derived formally from benzene by replacing one carbon atom with nitrogen.
2) Pyridine exhibits aromaticity, but the nitrogen's lone pair is not involved in maintaining aromaticity. This makes pyridine basic.
3) The electronegativity of nitrogen causes electron density withdrawal from neighboring carbon atoms, imparting partial positive charges to them. Electrophilic substitution and nucleophilic substitution reactions occur preferentially at these positions.
Aromatic Compounds
This document discusses retrosynthetic analysis approaches for aromatic compounds. It covers aromatic electrophilic and nucleophilic substitution reactions, including addition of cationic synthons, Friedel-Crafts alkylation and acylation, and substitution of diazonium salts. It also discusses aromatic side chain transformations through functional group interconversion and nucleophilic aromatic substitution of halides.
Aromatic Compounds
This document discusses retrosynthetic analysis approaches for aromatic compounds. It covers aromatic electrophilic and nucleophilic substitution reactions, including addition of cationic synthons, Friedel-Crafts alkylation and acylation, and substitution of diazonium salts. It also discusses aromatic side chain transformations through functional group interconversion and nucleophilic aromatic substitution of halides.
Green Chemistry Catalysts for Transfer Hydrogenation Reactions: Synthesis, ch...
The poster that I presented at the 253rd American Chemical Society National Meeting and Exposition in San Francisco,
CA. It highlights some of my research at Millersville University under the mentorship of Dr. Edward Rajaseelan.
Introduction of University Chemistry Syllabus of B. Sc.-Part-I (Sem-II) by Dr...
This document provides an overview of the B.Sc. Part I Semester II chemistry syllabus taught by Dr. Pramod R. Padole at Shri Shivaji Science College in Amravati, India. The syllabus covers inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, and physical chemistry units. For inorganic chemistry, the units cover topics like polarization, covalent bonding, acids and bases, p-block elements, noble gases, and non-aqueous solvents. The organic chemistry units discuss alkenyl halides, aryl halides, alcohols, phenols, ethers, and epoxides. Finally, the physical chemistry units focus on physical properties and molecular structure, and chemical kinetics.
Chemistry paper-3&4
The document outlines the syllabus for Paper III of the B.Sc. Chemistry program at Dr. B.R. AMBEDKAR University. The syllabus covers inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, and physical chemistry over 3 units and 90 hours. Some of the main topics included are coordination chemistry, spectral properties of metal complexes, nitrogen compounds, carbohydrates, chemical kinetics, and photochemistry.
Sulphonation 2
I hope You all like it. I hope It is very beneficial for you all. I really thought that you all get enough knowledge from this presentation. This presentation is about materials and their classifications. After you read this presentation you knowledge is not as before.
Shift of Reaction Pathway by Added Chloride Ions in the Oxidation of Aromatic...
Shift of Reaction Pathway by Added Chloride Ions in the Oxidation of Aromatic...Ratnakaram Venkata Nadh
Role of added chloride ions on the shift of reaction pathway of oxidation of aromatic ketones (acetophenone,
desoxybenzoin) by dichloroisocyanuric acid (DCICA) was studied in aqueous acetic acid—perchloric
acid medium. Participation of enolic and protonated forms of ketones in the rate determining steps is
manifested from zero and first orders with respect to the oxidant in absence and presence of added chloride
ions, respectively. Positive and negative effects of acid and dielectric constant on the reaction rate were
observed. The observations deduce plausible mechanisms involving (i) rate-determining formation of enol
from the conjugate acid of the ketone (SH+) in the absence of added chloride ions and (ii) rapid formation of
molecular chlorine species from HOCl (hydrolytic species of DCICA) in the presence of added chloride ions,
which then interacts with SH+ in a rate-determining step prior to the rapid steps of product formation. The
order of Arrhenius parameters substantiate the proposed plausible mechanisms based on order of reactants
both in presence and absence of added chloride ions.naphthalene for organic chemistry to understand industrial chemistry
students pursuing industrial chemistry
Chem 2124 unit 2c f2011
The document discusses electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. It explains that electrophiles are attracted to the pi electron clouds above and below aromatic rings. Electrophilic substitution proceeds through a sigma complex intermediate followed by loss of a proton. The position of substitution is directed by substituents on the ring, which can activate or deactivate the ring. Activating groups like alkyl groups stabilize ortho-para sigma complexes, while deactivating groups like nitro withdraw electron density and stabilize meta complexes. Halogen substituents also direct ortho-para but deactivate the ring. Multiple substituents have combined effects on reactivity and regioselectivity.
Tert-Butyl Chloride Lab Report
Here are a few suggestions for more sustainable approaches to activating carbon-hydrogen bonds:
1. Photocatalysis - Using light energy and photocatalysts like titanium dioxide to selectively activate C-H bonds can allow reactions to proceed more cleanly and efficiently. This avoids the need for harsh chemical reagents.
2. Enzyme catalysis - Enzymes are highly selective and mild catalysts found in nature. Isolating or engineering enzymes that can catalyze C-H activation could enable greener synthetic routes.
3. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) - MOFs provide a high surface area scaffold for metal catalysts. Embedding selective metal catalysts within MOF pores could promote C-H bond cleavage through
Heterocyclic chemistry
Heterocyclic chemistry deals with 5-membered aromatic rings containing one or more heteroatoms like oxygen, sulfur, or nitrogen. This document discusses the properties and reactions of several important 5-membered heterocycles - furan, thiophene, pyrrole, imidazole, and indole. For each heterocycle, the document outlines their synthesis, chemical reactions like electrophilic aromatic substitution and reactions with acids/bases, and important derivatives found in nature or used as drugs. The heterocycles show varying reactivity depending on the heteroatom and its position in the aromatic ring.
Archana edited 1
This document summarizes phase 1 reactions in drug metabolism. Phase 1 reactions include oxidative, reductive, and hydrolytic reactions. Oxidative reactions involve the oxidation of aromatic carbons, olefinic carbons, benzylic carbons, allylic carbons, carbon atoms to carbonyl/imine groups, aliphatic carbons, alicyclic carbons, and carbon-heteroatom systems. Reductive reactions include the reduction of aldehydes, ketones, nitro compounds, and azo compounds. Hydrolytic reactions involve ester and amide hydrolysis. The objectives of phase 1 reactions are to increase hydrophilicity, reduce stability, and facilitate conjugation in phase 2 reactions
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A. are aromatic because Benzene and Aromaticity.pdf
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Synthesis, reactivity, aromatic character and importance of Pyridine
Synthesis, reactivity, aromatic character and importance of Pyridine
Green Chemistry Catalysts for Transfer Hydrogenation Reactions: Synthesis, ch...
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Introduction of University Chemistry Syllabus of B. Sc.-Part-I (Sem-II) by Dr...
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2016 Chemistry Lab Experience
- 1. Tiffany Staggs 2307 Brunswick Ct Morgantown, WV 26508 (304) 777-8425 strose1995@gmail.com Page 1 of 2 CHEMISTRY LAB EXPEIENCE Chemistry 234 | Spring 2014 | John Penn Mass Spectrometry Infrared Spectroscopy NMR Spectroscopy Reactions of Benzene and Substituted Benzene Organometallic Compounds Reactions of Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones Reactions at the α-Carbon of Carbonyl Compounds Radicals – Reactions of Alkanes The Organic Chemistry of Carbohydrates Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins The Chemistry of Nucleic Acids Synthetic Polymers Chemistry 236 | Fall 2014 | John Penn Diels-Alder Reaction Aromatic Substitution I: Bromination of Aniline, Acetanilide, and Phenol Aromatic Substitution II: Nitration of Methyl Benzoate: Relative Reactivity of Aromatic Compounds Aryldiazonium Ion Reactions The Grignard Reaction: The Synthesis of Triphenylmethanol Completion of the Grignard Reaction Chromic Acid Oxidation of paraNitrotoluene to para-Nitrobenzoic Acid Synthesis of Isopentyl Acetate by Fischer Esterification Acetylation: Aspirin and N-Acetylanthranilic Acid The Haloform Reaction: Oxidation of Aryl Methyl Ketones to Aromatic Carboxylic Acids The Claisen-Schmidt Reaction: Benzalacetone and Dibenzalacetone Chemistry 215 | Fall 2015 | Harry Finklea Gravimetric Analysis Acid-base Equilibria Systematic Treatment of Equilibria Finding pH of Strong and Weak Acids and Bases Finding pH of Polyprotic Acids and Bases Finding pH of Buffers EDTA Titration Fundamentals of Electrochemistry: Potentiometry, Redox, and Ion-selective Electrodes
- 2. Page 2 of 2 Redox Titrations Absorption Spectroscopy Separation and Analyses of Samples Through Ion Exchange Columns CHEMISTRY LAB INSTRUMENTATION EXPERIENCE Mel-temp: melting point apparatus Bench-top NMR Spectrometer Infrared Spectrometer Ion Exchange Columns PINE Research WaveNow Electrode