The document discusses great teaching and how to achieve it. It argues that great teaching is essential for student success and effective education systems. The key factors for great teaching are: committed teachers with strong subject and pedagogical knowledge; effective pedagogy involving imagination and deliberate practice; and schools that support continuous professional learning and collaboration. Great teaching requires an ongoing process of developing expertise through reflection and improvement.

1. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioeProfessor Chris Husbands • Director, Institute of Education • www.ioe.ac.uk • director_ioe
Great teaching
and how to get it
Professor Chris Husbands,
Director, Institute of Education
London, May 2014
Leader
World

2. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
What is great teaching?

3. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
1: Why…teaching matters
2:What…great teaching
looks like
Great schools, great teaching and how to get them
3: How…great teaching
works
4: So…getting great
teaching

4. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
Keys to success?
“The best school systems ...have the best teachers. Countries and
regions such as Finland, Singapore, South Korea, Ontario ..recruit
teachers from the top echelon of graduates each year, pay them
well and create and maintain a culture of inclusion and quality
throughout teachers’ careers ..The quality of an education system
cannot exceed the quality of its teachers”
McKinsey & Co, 2007

5. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
Keys to success?
“What is the most important school-
related factor in student learning?
The answer is teaching”
Bob Schwartz, Harvard GSE, 2010

6. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
“Life isn’t fair, but good teaching and
good schools are the best means we
have of overcoming disadvantage
and opening the doors of opportunity
for young people”
Stephen Dinham, Melbourne University 2012
Keys to success?

7. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
The impact of good teaching
Sanders and Rivers, 2002

8. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
Measuring effectiveness
Teachers assessed pupil test scores, classroom
observation and pupil feedback.
In Y2, teachers randomly assigned to classes.
Pupil test scores at the send of Y2 significantly
higher amongst those taught by teachers who had
highest test results in Y1
Test results stronger predictive measure for pupil
outcomes than other measures
Gates Foundation (2012) Measures of Effective
Teaching

9. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
100
80
60
40
20
0
20
40
60
80
100
Argentina
TrinidadandTobago
Italy
Qatar
Turkey
Bulgaria
Israel
Panama
Germany
Peru
Hungary
Dubai(UAE)
Austria
Belgium
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Japan
Chile
Uruguay
Greece
Brazil
CzechRepublic
Slovenia
Romania
Croatia
Serbia
UnitedStates
Mexico
Singapore
Jordan
Kyrgyzstan
Colombia
Montenegro
HongKong-China
Albania
Tunisia
SlovakRepublic
Liechtenstein
Kazakhstan
Macao-China
Ireland
UnitedKingdom
ChineseTaipei
Korea
Switzerland
Australia
NewZealand
Portugal
Shanghai-China
Azerbaijan
RussianFederation
Canada
Sweden
Lithuania
Indonesia
Spain
Poland
Estonia
Latvia
Iceland
Thailand
Denmark
Norway
Finland
Within schools
Between schools
The impact of good teaching

10. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
1: Why…teaching matters
2:What…great teaching
looks like
Great schools, great teaching and how to get them
3: How…great teaching
works
4: So…getting great
teaching

11. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe

12. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe

13. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe

14. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe

15. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
The variants of learning…?

16. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
Poor proxies for learning
Students are busy and lots of work is done
(especially written work)
Students are engaged, interested, motivated
Students are getting attention
Classroom is ordered, calm, under control
Curriculum has been ‘covered’ (presented to
students in some form)
(At least some) students have supplied
correct answers (whether or not they really
understood them or could reproduce them
independently)

17. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
A simple view of learning
Learning happens when
people have to think hard

18. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
Enriched learning environments
The variants of teaching…?

19. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
1: Why…teaching matters
2:What…great teaching
looks like
Great schools, great teaching and how to get them
3: How…great teaching
works
4: So…getting great
teaching

20. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
WHAT HOW
Great schools, great teaching and how to get them

21. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe

22. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
A simple formula for teaching
Qt = C + E { (K(s+t) + I)P}

23. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
A simple formula for teaching
Quality Teaching
=
Committed Teachers Effective Pedagogy
which involves
Knowledge of subject and of effective teaching interventions together with Imagination
multiplied by
deliberative Practice
Qt = C + E { (K(s+t) + I )P}
plus

24. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
Teach to Change the
World
The teaching formula: C - committed teachers

25. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
Ks Knowledge and knowledge building
• Knowledge of in contrast and
knowledge about
• Constructive use of
authoritative information
• Understanding as an
emergent feature
Marlene Scardamalia

26. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
The teaching formula: Kt - knowledge about teaching
Dialogic teaching
Teaching as clinical
practice
Embedded formative
assessment
Growth mindset
Visible learning
Instructional strategies

27. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
The teaching formula: the knowledge base for teaching?
Great pedagogy
develops when
teachers use the
research and
knowledge base
for teaching.
Pedagogy is
complex, multi-
faceted and
demanding
Successful pedagogy depends connecting the research base to
specific learning settings

28. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
Nine strong claims about pedagogy
(Husbands and Pearce 2012)
Effective
pedagogies give
serious
consideration to
pupil voice
Effective pedagogies depend on behaviour,
knowledge and belief
Effective
pedagogies focus
on longer term
learning
outcomes as well
as short term
goals

29. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
Nine strong claims about pedagogy
(Husbands and Pearce 2012)
Effective pedagogies
use a range of
approaches including
whole class,
structured group
work, guided learning
and individual
activity
Effective pedagogies develop higher order thinking and
metacognition, and make good use of dialogue and
questioning
Effective pedagogies
embed assessment
for learning and
assessment for
teaching

30. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
Nine strong claims about pedagogy
(Husbands and Pearce 2012)
Effective pedagogies
build on pupils’ prior
learning and
experience
Effective pedagogies scaffold pupil learning
Effective pedagogies
are inclusive and take
account of the
diverse needs of
learners & student
equity

31. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
The next steps in developing practice….
Spend some time reflecting in
threes on what specific priorities
you have in order to take the
next steps in improving
pedagogic practices across the
alliance. Each of you should
formulate one priority

32. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
1: Why…teaching matters
2:What…great teaching
looks like
Great schools, great teaching and how to get them
3: How…great teaching
works
4: So…getting great
teaching

33. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
The teaching formula: imagination and practice

34. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe

35. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
Imagination and innovation

36. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
0 1 2 3 to 5
Extramonthsperyearoflearning
Years of teaching experience
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
0 1 2 3 to 5
Years of teaching experience
Mathematics Reading
Rivkin, Hanushek and Kain (2005)
Getting great teaching: what doesn’t work (1)

37. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
Getting great teaching: what doesn’t work (2)
How much do violinists practice?
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
4 9 14 19
Hoursofpractieperweek
Age
Music Ed Good Best Professionals

38. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
What doesn’t work (2):how much do violinists practice?
Hours of practice by age 18
Music Education students 3420
Good violin students 5301
Best violin students 7410
Professional musicians 7336
By 18, the best have 40% more practice than good violinists. Since
their total is close to the maximum possible, it is, essentially,
impossible for the good students to catch up to the best.

39. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe3
By design?Designed to improve
performance
Supported by coaching
Demanding: at the edge of
current performance
Feedback available
continuously
Deliberative practice

40. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
Schools and deliberative practice
Deliberate practice is
• Repetitious: an effortful activity that can be sustained
only for a limited time each day
• Not fun: neither motivating nor enjoyable —it is
instrumental in achieving further improvement in
performance
Precise Analytic Extended

41. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
Mathematics Reading
What doesn’t work (3)
Teaching is a craft and it is best learnt as an
apprentice observing a master craftsman or
woman.
Michael Gove, 2010
….being half right is not enough

42. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
Mathematics Reading
Reshaping teaching
Teaching is a clinical practice which involves access to
the research base, complex decision-making and
deliberative practice
Qt = C + E { (K(s+t)+ I )P}

43. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
Imagine a school in which you taught
better simply by virtue of teaching in that
school. What would such a school be like?
Judith Warren Little
Great schools, great teaching and how to get them

44. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
….so what would it be like?
Spend a sometime in threes identifying
two key characteristics of such a school
Great schools, great teaching and how to get them

45. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
Great schools, great teaching and how to get them
What do I need to
do next to get
better at
teaching?
How am I going to
do it – what
support,
resources and
help is needed?
How will I know
whether I have
improved?
Three key questions
Professional learning at the core of school improvement

46. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
Great schools, great teaching and how to get them
What do I need to
do next to get
better at
teaching?
How am I going to
do it – what
support,
resources and
help is needed?
How will I know
whether I have
improved?
Go back to the priority you formulated….
Professional learning at the core of school improvement

47. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
http://headguruteacher.com/2013/05/28/the-kegs-cpd-market-place/
Teaching ideas in motion – in Essex

48. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
Teaching ideas in motion – in Hampshire

49. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
Teaching ideas in motion – in Bradford

50. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
Teaching ideas in motion – EEF toolkit

51. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
Teaching ideas in motion – in children’s care

52. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
Teaching ideas in motion – IOE

53. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
Great teaching?: the team
A productive member of a highly skilled team,
drawing on their expertise and contributing your
own in a process of continuous learning
all of them have to be as good as you are and set
standards for themselves and their own contribution
that are just as high as the standards you have set
for yourself

54. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
Schools as rich learning environments
High expectations with a
clear understanding of
what excellence looks like
A culture of coaching,
mentoring and support
Evidence, data and insight
to inform practices
An inquiry orientation:
teaching as clinical practice
Technologies as ambient
External research and
development partners
The
setting
Practice
Links
Provision Cultures

55. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe5
By design?
By chance? By design?
Through structures?
Through a planned
sequence?
How do ideas about teaching move around school
and beyond?

56. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
A coda: who is this?

57. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioe
“Better is possible. It does not take genius. It
takes diligence. It takes moral clarity. It
takes ingenuity. And above all, it takes a
willingness to try.”
Gawande, A., 2011: A surgeon’s notes on performance
…sustaining excellence
Qt = C + E { (K(s+p) + I) P}

58. Professor Chris Husbands, Director, Institute of Education  www.ioe.ac.uk  @director_ioeProfessor Chris Husbands • Director, Institute of Education • www.ioe.ac.uk • director_ioe
Great teaching
and how to get it
Professor Chris Husbands,
Director, Institute of Education
London, May 2014
Leader
World