ENERGY EFFICIENT / LOW CARBON
GREEN BUILDING PERFORMANCE DESIGN
                   Steve Anthony Lojuntin
                  Deputy Director Energy Efficiency Project Team
           Sustainable Energy Development Authoritry @ SEDA Malaysia
  Tel / SMS :+6019-2829102 Email: steve@seda.gov.my / asetip@damansara.net
Brief about
Low Carbon Building
 What are the Low Carbon buildings ?
 • Low Carbon Building is similar to the
 conventional green building system which
 promotes uses of green technology and green
 habits to reduce the degradation of the
 environment.
 • Use Carbon as metric for references to achieve
 the actual environment impact and not based on
 points collected.
 • Use UNEP SBCI Common
   Carbon Metric.
Brief about
Low Carbon Building
 What are the Low Carbon buildings ?

 • Straight forward, transparent, easy to
 implement, consistance, easy to monitor since
 based on actual performance. Measurable,
 recordable, comparable, justifiable, can be
 monitor and easy to proof.

 • Cheaper and affordable since it is straight
 forward and focus only the relevant criteria that
 have high impact (lower $$$/CO2 reduction cost).
 • Global trend- Relevant and gain popularity at
 international level.
Brief about Low Carbon Green
Building

  Green Technology          Green Habits /
  Involved                  Thinking
  - Energy                  - Awareness / Responsibility
  - Indoor Environment      - Procurement
  - Water Management        - Operation & Maintenance
  - Material used           - Recycling
  - Site construction
  -


              Green / Sustainable / Low
                 Carbon Buildings
General Green Building System
                                            Alternative
                                               under
     Conventional Green Building System    development
                                             LOW
                                            CARBON
                                           BUILDING
              PRIVATE INITIATIVE           (Malaysia)
                                          1.    Energy
                                          2.    Water
                                          3.    Indoor
                                                environme
                                                nt
                                          4.    Waste

                                                  Gov.
                                               Initiatives
                                            -CASBuild for
                                           BCIS (GreenTech
                                              Malaysia –
                                          consultancy projects)

                                           - GreenPASS
                                                 (CIDB)
Carbon Exist in Most of
the Green Building Criteria
WHERE DOES THE CARBON COME FROM?
Carbon emission in a life cycle of a building

                                Pre -
                 ne, /         Design
                                           D
                                        De esig            Embodied Energy / CO2
              cli tion on                 vel n &
            De oli ati                       op
                                                me              footprint]
             em ner
            D ge
                                                  nt
              re


                            Building
                            Lifecycle
                                                       Use, Management &
                                                          Maintenance
                                                       [Operational Energy /
                                                          CO2 footprint]



      FACT! Most of the Energy / CO2e emission are during the operation
                                  phase !!
Green Technology / application in
Buildings to reduce carbon foot print
   -The green technology in building is mostly refer to the technology
   and applications that has impact to the Energy and Environment
   related to building services
     a) Design : Energy Efficiency, Renewable Energy &
                Water Management.
     b) Office appliances
     c) Operation: Energy management in the O&M.
     d) Renovation / retrofits
     e) Other - Paper and water recycling
              - Indoor air quality.
              - Solid waste management / separation
     f) End users awareness
Relation between use of energy and the
environment

                    0.684 kg of CO2 emitted to the
                    atmosphere for each 1 kWh electricity
                    generated by power plant (Peninsula
                    Malaysia)

               Kawasan                                 2007
       Semenanjung Malaysia                    0.684 kg CO2 / kwj
       Sarawak                                 0.873 kg CO2 / kwj
       Kawasan Barat Sabah                     0.807 kg CO2 / kwj
       Kawasan Timur Sabah                     0.709 kg CO2 / kwj
       Sumber: Laporan Penanda Aras Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) Malaysia
       2007 oleh Pusat Tenaga Malaysia.
Examples of Government Low
Carbon Building
Understand the factors affecting the energy
consumption in buildings that contribute main
carbon emission




         OPERATIONAL CARBON ≡ OPERATIONAL ENERGY
Use of energy in commercial buildings


                               Plug
                           loads/others
                               20%


 Tenaga                                              Central A/C
                           Lighting
                                                        55%
                             18%

                              Split A/C
                                7%

                         Source: Energy Audit in
                         Government Buildings (2003) by Pusat
                         Tenaga Malaysia / GreenTech Malaysia
Example of Energy Used in an Industrial
              Building



Energy
Power Demand [kW]




                   0
                       50
                                      100
                                            150
                                                  200
                                                              250
                                                                    300
                                                                          350
                                                                                400
                                                                                      450
17/01/2008 01:15
17/01/2008 02:15
17/01/2008 03:15
17/01/2008 04:15
17/01/2008 05:15
17/01/2008 06:15
17/01/2008 07:15
17/01/2008 08:15
17/01/2008 09:15
17/01/2008 10:15
17/01/2008 11:15
17/01/2008 12:15
17/01/2008 13:15
                                                                                                                         Load Profile & Base Load




17/01/2008 14:15
17/01/2008 15:15
                                                                                            Typical Daily Load Profile




17/01/2008 16:15
                                                   VARIABLE LOAD




17/01/2008 17:15
17/01/2008 18:00
                       BASE LOAD (24 hrs)




17/01/2008 19:00
17/01/2008 20:00
17/01/2008 21:00
17/01/2008 22:00
17/01/2008 23:00
18/01/2008 00:00
18/01/2008 01:00
Load Profile & Base Load

            A typical Building Load Profile During Working Day
               (Extracted from Building Energy Audit Guideline)
      600

      500

      400
                                                           Total
 kW




      300                                                  Air-Con
                                                           Light & Power
      200

                                               85 kW
      100
               ∑=30 kW

       0
       00:00 03:30 07:00 10:30 14:00 17:30 21:00
                               Time
Load Profile & Base Load




  ∑=14 kW
Power Demand [kW]




               0
                   50
                        100
                                150
                                          200
                                                250
                                                      300
                                                            350
                                                                  400
                                                                        450
11/01/2008 06:00
11/01/2008 10:15
11/01/2008 14:45
11/01/2008 19:15
11/01/2008 23:45
12/01/2008 04:15
12/01/2008 08:45
12/01/2008 13:15
12/01/2008 17:45
12/01/2008 22:15
13/01/2008 02:45
13/01/2008 07:15
13/01/2008 11:45
13/01/2008 16:15
13/01/2008 20:45
14/01/2008 01:15
14/01/2008 05:45
14/01/2008 10:00
14/01/2008 14:30
14/01/2008 19:00
14/01/2008 23:30
15/01/2008 04:00
                                                                                                           Load Profile & Base Load




15/01/2008 08:30
                                                                              Load Profile of a Building




15/01/2008 13:00
15/01/2008 17:30
15/01/2008 22:00
16/01/2008 02:30
16/01/2008 07:00
16/01/2008 11:30
16/01/2008 16:00
16/01/2008 20:30
17/01/2008 01:00
17/01/2008 05:30
17/01/2008 10:00
17/01/2008 14:30
17/01/2008 19:00
17/01/2008 23:30
                               ∑=140 kW
Load Profile & Base Load




∑=7 - 8 kW
∑=114 kW
Base Load Apportioning
                           Night Power Consumer ~ 114 kW


                     Others, 16.6, 14%              Total Split units,
                                                       41.8, 33%
     Transformer
    losses, 7, 6%



  Core Area, 13.7,
       11%

 Communications
Equipment, 3.7, 3%

                                                      Office lighting &
         UPS losses, 12,
                                                      Equipment, 19.1,
              10%
                                                            16%
                            Data Center, 8, 7%
Estimated ACSU Power [W] = 41.806 kW
                                          CELCOM
                                            3%
                                              SDF1
                              LMR              5%
                              11%                    SDF2
                                                      5%
                                                        BMDF
                    TELCO                                5%
                     14%
                                                            PABX
                                                             7%

                     PID
                     3%



                      DATA                           UPS
                       15%                           24%
                             KEBAL BCR
                                         SR
                              2%    4%   2%
IMPORTANT REQUIREMENT !

       COMMITMENT FROM THE
          USER / CLIENT

 NEED STATEMENT ON BUILDING PERFORMANCE AND EE
   / LOW CARBON TARGET BY THE USER – ‘AS POLICY’



     DESIGN          OPERATION AND     USERS / OCCUPANTS
  PERFORMANCE      MAINTENANCE ARE    ROLE / INTERACTION TO
ACCORDING TO THE   ACCORDING TO THE       THE BUILDING
 NEED STATEMENT     NEED STATEMENT       PERFORMANCE




         EE / LOW CARBON BUILDING PERFORMANCE
INTEGERATED DESIGN APPROACH TO
  GET THE BEST / LOWEST POSSIBLE
       ENERGY CONSUMPTION
                  M&E              C&S
  ARCHITECTS    ENGINEERS        ENGINEERS


INTERIOR
DESIGNER
                                    OWNER /
               BRAINSTORM            USERS

 FACILITIES
MANAGEMENT
                              ENERGY / LOW
     ICT        LANDSCAPE    CARBON / GREEN
 CONSULTANT     CONSULTANT    CONSULTANT
INTEGERATED DESIGN APPROACH TO
 GET THE BEST / LOWEST POSSIBLE
      ENERGY CONSUMPTION
                                   Consider
                           Technologies and
       ROOT CAUSED           Human Factor.
         ANALYSIS        * Use of technology are
          METHOD        not the ultimate solution.



Conduct Energy     WHY? WHAT?
& Carbon           HOW? WHEN?
Performance          WHO?
Analysis
CHOOSE THE MOST
   APPRIOPRATE STRATEGIES
    Double glazing?          Radiant cooling?
                                                   CAV? Water cooled sys?
     COOLING SYSTEM                         VSD?              Air cooled sys?
  Wall Insulation?        Air tight                  Low
                                      VAV?      resistance air
                Façade   building?
High COP
               design?               Low losses system?
  sys?                                                        Electrical chiller?
                                    distribution?
                                                   Absorption
                 Efficient cooling
   Centralise                                         chiller?
                      tower?
    system? LED? Induction light?
     Stand alone Split                    EQUIPMENT USED
           Unit?                                                    EE Office
                                        High Eff. Motor?
                 Lighting level?                                   appliances?
   Daylighting?                       Shared printers?
                                                          Green ICT?
EE Lighting?   Light shelves? High efficient
                                                 Water efficient      Energy
                                   reflector?
                                                    fittings?     Management
LIGHTING SYSTEM                           Rain water                 System?
                        Task Light?        harvest?
SELECTION OF DESIGN STRATEGIES

- The design and selection of the strategies are
depends ultimate design target that required to be
achieved !
- Different building will have different design
strategies depend on the nature and physical of the
building.
- Any irrelevant measures or too expensive could be
omitted. Can be justified!
- The best is to put priority strategies that have high
performance impact with low or minimum cost to
implement (kWh or CO2 reduction / $$$ invested)
EXAMPLES / CASE




       NEW BUILDING DESIGN
KeTTHA’s LEO Building
: ENERGY DESIGN ELEMENTS
Energy Saving Features in LEO Optimisation
               ENERGY 1 Building
                        -   0

EE in Building Guideline Target (136kWh/m2/yr)

                Reference Case                                                              275
                 Daylight use                                                         247
    Insulation in walls and roof                                                  239
      EE Lighting 22 - 16 w/m2
                                                                                223
       Equipment 27 – 20 w/m2                                            195
           EE Light 16 – 8 w/m2                                    173

      EE Equipment 20 - 7.5 w/2                              123                 56%
         "Energy Management”                            112                    reduction
    Room Temp 23 - 24 degrees                          102         Potential GreenPASS (Operational
                                                                   carbon) Rating
       Especially Tight Building                      100
                                     0              100 1000              200                300
                                   Energy Index kWh/m2year
LEO Building Performance

                                                                                                                            LEO Building
                                    Average Building Energy Index (BEI) in Parcel B
                                 Comparison LEO Building with several                                                        LEO BEI = 100
                                                     [kWh/m2/yr]
                                         buildings in Putrajaya                                                          (Conventional) BEI = 275
               400       378
                                                                                                      349
               350         321                                                                322
                                     315                                                                                   175 kWh/m2year
                                                                                                        296
               300                      268    278                                              273
                                                                                  253                                     = 3,366,475 kWh/yr
               250                                 236                 233
                                                                                                                          or more than RM 800,000
[k W h /m 2 /y r]




                                                                                     215
                                                            196            198                                            per year
               200                                                                                                                         Tariff C1
                                                               167
                                                                                                                                       28.8 sen/kWh
               150                                                                                              123114
                                                                                                                                   Savings = 56%
               100

                    50
                                                                                                                         = 3,366,475 kWh/yr x
                    -                                                                                                    0.614 kg CO2/kwh
                          B1           B2        B3            B4        B5         B6         B7      B8        E4/5    = 2,067,016 kg/year CO2
                               AVERAGE (3276 hrs/yr)     AVERAGE (Normalised to 2646hrs/yr)                   Blocks     = 2,067 tones CO2/year
LEO Monitoring & Performance

                                                                                                                                             Monthly Energy Index for Energy Index
                                                                                                                                                          Building LEO Building [kW h/m2/year]
                             160
                                                                                                                                                                                                 (Based on Energy Bills)
                             160
                                                             149




                                                    149
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Average
                             140                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Current
                             140                    Target




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                128




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               128
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        128
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       114




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              124




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              124
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              124
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             123
                                                                        122




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             122




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             122
                                                                                        122




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             122
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            121
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  124
                                                                                       120




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            120
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   124
                                                                                       120




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            119
                                                                   122                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          123
                                                                                                                              120 122                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    121 122
                                                                                      118




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           118

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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                115
Energy Index [kWh/m2/year]




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         114
                                                                                                        115 117




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         113


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                                                    111                                           112                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     112




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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         111
                                                                              106




                                                                                                                                                                106




                                                                                                                                                                106
                                                                                                                                                               105
                                                                                                                                                                                                                             109                     109 108 110
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 107 108                                                                                          108
                                                                                                                                                              103

                                                                              106                                                                             102                               106                                                                                                                              106
                                                                                                                                                             100
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                                              100




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        100
                                                                                                                                                                                  103                     102




                                                                                                                                                             99
                                       100                                                                                                                                                                          100


                                                                                                                                                            97




                                                                                                                                                            97
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         99
   [kWh/m2/yr]




                             100                                                                                                                                                                                                         97                                                                                                      97




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          95




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                             100                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        95 94
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                                                                                                                                       92                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   92 90
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                              80                                                    78                                                                                                          77




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                              80                                                                                                                                                                                                                73                                                                     74
                                             64




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                              60
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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             AVERAGE

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        AVERAGE
                                       Chilled Water-Cooling Index [kWh/m2/yr]                                                                                                                             Electrical Energy Index [kWh/m2/yr]                                                                                                            Building Energy Index [kWh/m2/yr]
                                                                                             Cooling Energy Consumption [kW h]                                                                            Electrical Energy Consumption [kW h]                                                                                   Building Energy Index [kW h/m2/yr]                                                                                                      Month
GreenTech Malaysia’s GEO Building
        : DESIGN ELEMENTS


- Daylighting (almost 100%)
- EE lighting + task lights
- EE office equipment (laptops, LCD monitors, networked printers)
- Green IT Network & server room (75% wireless network)
- EE air conditioning & ventilation
- Floor slab cooling (For radiant cooling and thermal storage)
- PCM storage cooling system (minimised air-cond chillers capacity)
- Controls & Sensors (VSDs, VAVs, CO2, BMS / Energy monitoring)
- Double glazing (heat and sound insulation)
- Roof and wall Insulation (reduce outside heat gain)
- Grid connected BIPV system (Sell energy to TNB / no batteries)
- Rain water harvest system (landscape, aircond and cleaning)
Monitored GEO Building Energy
                                                       Index
                                                                                                                         MONTHLY GEO BUILDING ENERGY PERFORMANCE
 Energy Consumed / Energy Generated [kWh/month]




                                                  35,000                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       180.0




                                                                                                                                                                      29,102


                                                                                                                                                                                            28,417
                                                                                                     27,981




                                                                                                                                                                                 28,012
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               160.0
                                                             25,876




                                                                                          25,784

                                                  30,000




                                                                                                                                                24,954
                                                                                                                          24,851




                                                                                                                                                           23,777
                                                                                                                                     23,635
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               140.0
                                                                                                                22,251




                                                                                                                                                                                                       20,244
                                                  25,000




                                                                                                                                                                                                                             20,110




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    19,600




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       BEI [kWh/m2/year]
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               120.0




                                                                                                                                                                                                                  18,466




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               17,700
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        17,456


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              17,323
                                                                        16,724




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   16,737
                                                                                                              110                                                              111




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         16,410


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              16,198
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   16,066
                                                  20,000                                                                                                                                  104 105




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         14,995
                                                                      97.9                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     100.0
                                                                                                   96
                                                                                                                         90 92 91 93 88
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               80.0




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        6,102 10,660
                                                                                                                                                                                          10,312
                                                  15,000




                                                                                                                                                                                                                           10,067
                                                                                                                                                                                                                75                    75                                                                                     73
                                                                                                                                                                                                                           69
                                                                                                                         9,523




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      9,511
                                                                                                              9,394




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        68
                                                                                                                                                                    9,109
                                                                                                                                                                               9,105


                                                                                                                                                                                                     8,968
                                                           8,824




                                                                                                                                                         8,796




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             8,744
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 65 62 64 63 62
                                                                                                                                   8,586




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            8,539




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       8,407
                                                                                 63.0
                                                                      8,368




                                                                                                   8,213




                                                                                                                                              8,205




                                                                                                                                                                                                                8,234




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 8,052
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                60 62                                                                                          60.0




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            7,419
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  7,268
                                                                                        6,993




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       6,762




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  6,148
                                                  10,000
                                                                                                                                37 34 40 33    37 35                         40                                                                                                                                                                                40.0
                                                                      33 32                                      36 35 33                                           35    34
                                                   5,000                                                      30          30 33             32       31 32
                                                                                                                                                           26 27 28    23    23                                                                                                                                                                                20.0




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       0
                                                      0                Avera
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             0 0.0
                                                           Avera                         July       Aug        Sept                 Nov                                          Mac                   May       June        July      Aug        Sept                  Nov                                         Mac                    May         June
                                                                        ge                                               Oct 08               Dec 08 Jan 09 Feb 09                        Apr 09                                                            Oct 09                Dec 09 Jan 10 Feb 10                       Apr 10
                                                             ge                            08         08         08                   08                                          09                    09         09         09         09         09                    09                                         10                      10         10
                                                                       (with

kWh PV                                                     8,824 8,368                  6,993 8,213 9,394 9,523 8,586 8,205 8,796 9,109 9,105 10,312 8,968 8,234 10,067 9,511 8,052 8,539 6,762 7,268 7,419 8,407 6,148 8,744 10,660                                                                                                                    0
kWh Total                                                  25,876 16,724                25,784 27,981 22,251 24,851 23,635 24,954 23,777 29,102 28,012 28,417 20,244 18,466 20,110 17,456 16,066 17,323 16,410 16,737 16,198 14,995 19,600 17,700 6,102                                                                                                 0
Num of Days                                                                                13         31         30         31       30         31         31         28         31          30        31          30         31         31         30         31         30         31        31        28          31         30            2         0
BEI [kWh/m2/yr]                                             97.9       63.0               96         110        90         92        91         93         88         111        104        105        75         69          75        65         62         64         63         62        60         62         73         68           23          0
BEI PV                                                       33         32                           30         36         35        33         30         33         37         34          40        33         32          37        35         31         32         26         27        28         35         23         34           40          0



                                                                                                                      kWh PV                             kWh Total                             BEI [kWh/m2/yr]                                                         BEI PV                          Linear (BEI [kWh/m2/yr]                                   )
The GEO Building: CO2 Emission
                                                  MONTHLY GEO BUILDING CO2 EMMISSION PERFORMANCE


                                                 25
                                                                                                                                                                                                  Emits = 140 ton CO2/yr
                 CO2 Emmission [Ton Co2/month]                                                                                                                                                          = 44 kg CO2/m2/yr




                                                                                                                                                          19.79


                                                                                                                                                                                  19.32
                                                                                                                                                                      19.05
                                                                                19.03
                                                 20                                                                                                                                               NET = 66 ton CO2/yr




                                                                    17.53




                                                                                                                                  16.97
                                                                                                          16.90
                                                                                                                                                                                                      = 20 kg CO2/m2/yr
                                                      18




                                                                                                                                              16.17
                                                                                                                      16.07
                                                                                            15.13




                                                                                                                                                                                              13.77


                                                                                                                                                                                                                       13.67
                                                                                                                                                              13.60




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               13.33
                                                                                    13.44
                                                 15




                                                                                                                                                                          12.86
                                                                        12.78




                                                                                                                                                                                                           12.56
                                                                                                                                                                                      12.31




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          12.04
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                11.87


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     11.78


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            11.38
                                                                                                                                      11.39




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              11.16


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        11.01
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            10.92
                                                                                                              10.42
                                                        12




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   10.20
                                                                                                                          10.23
                                                             11




                                                                                                                                                  10.19




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   9.15
                                                                                              6.39 8.74
                                                 10




                                                                                                                                                                                                6.107.67




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            4.15 7.25
                                                                                                                                                                                    7.01



                                                                                                                                                                                                                6.96
                                                                                                                                                                                                                         6.85
                                                                                                                                                                                                                         6.83
                                                                                                            6.48




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     6.47




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                4.60 6.56

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 6.44
                                                                                                                                                            6.19
                                                                                                                                                                        6.19
                                                                                                                                                5.98




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                6.09
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                5.95
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       5.97




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            5.97
                                                                                                                        5.84




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       5.81




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        5.72
                                                                                  5.58




                                                                                                                                    5.58




                                                                                                                                                                                                             5.60




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              5.48
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  5.40
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              5.45




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          5.04
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              4.94
                                                       6




                                                                      4.76
                                                             6
                                                             6




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     4.48
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 4.18
                                                  5




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        0.00
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         0.00
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         0.00
                                                  0          Ave
                                                      Ave           July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mac Apr May Jun July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mac Apr May Jun
                                                             rage
                                                      rage            08          08          08            08          08          08          09          09          09          09          09 e 09 09                        09          09       09       09            09          10         10          10         10    10 e 10
                                                             (wit

Emmision [Ton CO2]                                     18    11     17.53 19.03 15.13 16.90 16.07 16.97 16.17 19.79 19.05 19.32 13.77 12.56 13.67 11.87 10.92 11.78 11.16 11.38 11.01 10.20 13.33 12.04 4.15 0.00

Offset Emmision by PV [Ton CO2]                        6      6     4.76 5.58 6.39 6.48 5.84 5.58 5.98 6.19 6.19 7.01 6.10 5.60 6.85 6.47 5.48 5.81 4.60 4.94 5.04 5.72 4.18 5.95 7.25 0.00

Net Emmision by GEO Building [Ton CO2]                 12     6     12.78 13.44 8.74 10.42 10.23 11.39 10.19 13.60 12.86 12.31 7.67 6.96 6.83 5.40 5.45 5.97 6.56 6.44 5.97 4.48 9.15 6.09 (3.10)0.00


                                                      Emmision [Ton CO2]                                  Offset Emmision by PV [Ton CO2]                                                                                      Net Emmision by GEO Building [Ton CO2]
Energy (& CO2) Savings
 GEO BEI = 65                    Savings = 70%
 (Conventional) BEI = 220        Net saving with Renewable Energy = 85%
a/c area 3,175 sq.m

                155 kWh/m2year                         Potential GreenPASS (Operational
                                                       carbon) Rating


    Energy saved = 492,125 kWh/yr
                 or RM 195,374 per year
Tariff B (Low Voltage Commercial Tariff) for all kWh
                 39.7 sen/kWh
  Old tariff B ; 40.8 sen/kWh

    CO2 saved              = 492,125 x 0.614
                           = 302,165 kg/year CO2
                           = 302 tones CO2/year
0.614 kg of CO2 emitted to the atmosphere for each 1
kWh electricity generated by power plant (Peninsula
Malaysia)
An Example of 37 Storey and Slim Building
     : ENERGY DESIGN ELEMENTS

                                        Energy Saving Strategies To Reduced Building Energy Index [kW 2/year]
                                                                                                     h/m
                           1 Base




                                    Use norm brick w with 90%w glazing (6m clear glass)
                                            al      all       all         m                                                                        382
                                                                 Reduce W Rfrom90 to 60%
                                                                         W                                                                   332
                                           U 12m light green tinted, LT=63% Shading=0.57)
                                            se  m                          ,                                                             311
                           2
Energy Saving Strategies




                                                    Illuminance 300 - 400 Lux and occ.sensors                                          294
                           3




                                                                       EElighting (11.5W 2)
                                                                                        /m                                         288
                           4




                                                      Use of daylighting w daylight sensors
                                                                          ith                                                    265
                           5




                                                     Energyefficienct office equipm (10W
                                                                                   ent  )                                  237
                           6




                                                             Energyefficient fans and motors                              227      67%
                           7




                                             EnergyEfficient aircond systemwith B S, C P3.8
                                                                                 A O                             162             reduction
                           8




                                                                  Roomtemperature 24 degC                   142
                           9
                           11 10




                                                               Fresh air control + Heat wheel              131
                                                                                                                         Potential GreenPASS (Operational
                                                                   U A instead of bricks
                                                                    se LC                                  127           carbon) Rating

                                                                                            -   50   100   150     200    250     300        350   400   450
A Government School Computer Lab
   : ENERGY DESIGN ELEMENTS




                                            54.8%
                                          reduction


                              Potential GreenPASS (Operational
                              carbon) Rating
A Government School Computer Lab
   : ENERGY DESIGN ELEMENTS
A Government School Computer Lab
   : ENERGY DESIGN ELEMENTS
EXAMPLES / CASE




        RETROFIT BUILDING
Retrofitted Warehouse / Workshop Building with
Enhance Energy Management in Shah Alam

                                                                         Annual Saving
                                    Measures                                Electrical
                                                                     kWh/yr           RM/yr
No Cost Measures
De-lamping office lighting                                              13,476           3,153.38
Low Cost Measures
Use timer controller for temperature and operate silo ventilation      687,760      160,935.84
Use of daylight in warehouse                                            19,943           4,666.66
Replace normal EXIT signage to LED                                       2,208            516.67
Awareness campaigns                                                    703,931      164,719.85
High Cost Measures
Replace the Metal Halide lamps to T5HO lamps                           957,012      223,940.81
Lighting zoning                                                        498,584      116,668.66
                                     TOTAL            Actual Cost    2,882,914           674,602
                                                      Reduction     Potential GreenPASS (Operational
                                                         50%        carbon) Rating
Guidelines and Code of Practice on Energy Efficiency
& Renewable Energy Building to achieve Low Carbon
                    Buildings

   Development and Publication of EE in Buildings Guidelines
   by Ministry of Energy, Telecommunications & Post, 1989.
   MS1525 : 2001 – Code of Practise Use of Energy Efficiency
   and Renewable Energy for Non-residential Buildings
   (Revised in 2007) by SIRIM.
   Malaysia Industrial Energy Audit Guidelines, a handbook for
   energy auditors by KTAK, PTM and UNDP-GEF, 2003.
   Guidelines for Conducting Energy Audits in Commercial
   Buildings by KTAK & PTM, 2004.
   Design Strategies for Energy Efficiency in New Buildings
   (Non-Domestic) by KTAK, DANIDA & JKR, 2004.
   Energy Efficiency & Conservation Guidelines for Malaysian
   Industries by KTAK, PTM and UNDP-GEF;
   - Part 1 : Electrical Energy-use Equipment, 2007.
   - Part 2 : Thermal Energy-use Equipment (2010)
   Low Carbon Cities Framework & Assessment System
   (2011) by KeTTHA and GreenTech Malaysia with collaboration
   with MIP
Green Technology & Green Practises



        TECHNOLOGIES CAN BE
       CONSIDERED TO REDUCE
          CARBON EMISSION
     (ENERGY EFFICIENCY, RENEWABLE
     ENERGY, WATER MANAGEMENT AND
            GREEN PRACTICE)
Summary of Features that helps
 to reduce carbon
- Daylighting
- EE lighting + task lights
- EE office equipment (laptops, LCD monitors, networked printers)
- Green IT Network, system & appliances
- Green server room, High temperature server room.
- EE air conditioning & ventilation
- Storage cooling system (minimise chillers capacity)
- Controls & Sensors (VSDs, VAVs, CO2, BMS / Energy monitoring)
- Double glazing (heat and sound insulation)
- Roof and wall Insulation (reduce outside heat gain)
- Grid connected BIPV system (Sell energy to TNB / no batteries)
- Rain water harvest system (landscape, aircond and cleaning)
- Water management, Awareness & Operation & Maintenance
Water Management

Reduce use of water

• Install efficient water taps to control the amount of water.
• Recycle water from basin or surau for watering the landscape.
• Recycle condensate water from airconditioning system for
general cleaning or landscape.
• Rain water harvest System for non-drinking purpose.

 Efficient use of water will reduce production of treated
 water
        Reduce operation and distribution of water supply
        reduce carbon footprint in the operation of buildings
Thank you for your attention




Get copy of paper? - Tel / SMS :019-2829102
 steve@seda.gov.my / asetip@damansara.net
    Steve Anthony Lojuntin
    SEDA Malaysia,                          Phone : +603-8870 5800
    Galeria PjH, Level 9                    Email: fit@seda.gov.my
    Jalan P4W, Persiaran Perdana,           Web: www.seda.gov.my     47
    Presint 4, 62100 Putrajaya, Malaysia.

2012 07 Low Carbon Green Building Performance Design

  • 1.
    ENERGY EFFICIENT /LOW CARBON GREEN BUILDING PERFORMANCE DESIGN Steve Anthony Lojuntin Deputy Director Energy Efficiency Project Team Sustainable Energy Development Authoritry @ SEDA Malaysia Tel / SMS :+6019-2829102 Email: steve@seda.gov.my / asetip@damansara.net
  • 2.
    Brief about Low CarbonBuilding What are the Low Carbon buildings ? • Low Carbon Building is similar to the conventional green building system which promotes uses of green technology and green habits to reduce the degradation of the environment. • Use Carbon as metric for references to achieve the actual environment impact and not based on points collected. • Use UNEP SBCI Common Carbon Metric.
  • 3.
    Brief about Low CarbonBuilding What are the Low Carbon buildings ? • Straight forward, transparent, easy to implement, consistance, easy to monitor since based on actual performance. Measurable, recordable, comparable, justifiable, can be monitor and easy to proof. • Cheaper and affordable since it is straight forward and focus only the relevant criteria that have high impact (lower $$$/CO2 reduction cost). • Global trend- Relevant and gain popularity at international level.
  • 4.
    Brief about LowCarbon Green Building Green Technology Green Habits / Involved Thinking - Energy - Awareness / Responsibility - Indoor Environment - Procurement - Water Management - Operation & Maintenance - Material used - Recycling - Site construction - Green / Sustainable / Low Carbon Buildings
  • 5.
    General Green BuildingSystem Alternative under Conventional Green Building System development LOW CARBON BUILDING PRIVATE INITIATIVE (Malaysia) 1. Energy 2. Water 3. Indoor environme nt 4. Waste Gov. Initiatives -CASBuild for BCIS (GreenTech Malaysia – consultancy projects) - GreenPASS (CIDB)
  • 6.
    Carbon Exist inMost of the Green Building Criteria
  • 7.
    WHERE DOES THECARBON COME FROM?
  • 8.
    Carbon emission ina life cycle of a building Pre - ne, / Design D De esig Embodied Energy / CO2 cli tion on vel n & De oli ati op me footprint] em ner D ge nt re Building Lifecycle Use, Management & Maintenance [Operational Energy / CO2 footprint] FACT! Most of the Energy / CO2e emission are during the operation phase !!
  • 9.
    Green Technology /application in Buildings to reduce carbon foot print -The green technology in building is mostly refer to the technology and applications that has impact to the Energy and Environment related to building services a) Design : Energy Efficiency, Renewable Energy & Water Management. b) Office appliances c) Operation: Energy management in the O&M. d) Renovation / retrofits e) Other - Paper and water recycling - Indoor air quality. - Solid waste management / separation f) End users awareness
  • 10.
    Relation between useof energy and the environment 0.684 kg of CO2 emitted to the atmosphere for each 1 kWh electricity generated by power plant (Peninsula Malaysia) Kawasan 2007 Semenanjung Malaysia 0.684 kg CO2 / kwj Sarawak 0.873 kg CO2 / kwj Kawasan Barat Sabah 0.807 kg CO2 / kwj Kawasan Timur Sabah 0.709 kg CO2 / kwj Sumber: Laporan Penanda Aras Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) Malaysia 2007 oleh Pusat Tenaga Malaysia.
  • 11.
    Examples of GovernmentLow Carbon Building
  • 12.
    Understand the factorsaffecting the energy consumption in buildings that contribute main carbon emission OPERATIONAL CARBON ≡ OPERATIONAL ENERGY
  • 13.
    Use of energyin commercial buildings Plug loads/others 20% Tenaga Central A/C Lighting 55% 18% Split A/C 7% Source: Energy Audit in Government Buildings (2003) by Pusat Tenaga Malaysia / GreenTech Malaysia
  • 14.
    Example of EnergyUsed in an Industrial Building Energy
  • 15.
    Power Demand [kW] 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 17/01/2008 01:15 17/01/2008 02:15 17/01/2008 03:15 17/01/2008 04:15 17/01/2008 05:15 17/01/2008 06:15 17/01/2008 07:15 17/01/2008 08:15 17/01/2008 09:15 17/01/2008 10:15 17/01/2008 11:15 17/01/2008 12:15 17/01/2008 13:15 Load Profile & Base Load 17/01/2008 14:15 17/01/2008 15:15 Typical Daily Load Profile 17/01/2008 16:15 VARIABLE LOAD 17/01/2008 17:15 17/01/2008 18:00 BASE LOAD (24 hrs) 17/01/2008 19:00 17/01/2008 20:00 17/01/2008 21:00 17/01/2008 22:00 17/01/2008 23:00 18/01/2008 00:00 18/01/2008 01:00
  • 16.
    Load Profile &Base Load A typical Building Load Profile During Working Day (Extracted from Building Energy Audit Guideline) 600 500 400 Total kW 300 Air-Con Light & Power 200 85 kW 100 ∑=30 kW 0 00:00 03:30 07:00 10:30 14:00 17:30 21:00 Time
  • 17.
    Load Profile &Base Load ∑=14 kW
  • 18.
    Power Demand [kW] 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 11/01/2008 06:00 11/01/2008 10:15 11/01/2008 14:45 11/01/2008 19:15 11/01/2008 23:45 12/01/2008 04:15 12/01/2008 08:45 12/01/2008 13:15 12/01/2008 17:45 12/01/2008 22:15 13/01/2008 02:45 13/01/2008 07:15 13/01/2008 11:45 13/01/2008 16:15 13/01/2008 20:45 14/01/2008 01:15 14/01/2008 05:45 14/01/2008 10:00 14/01/2008 14:30 14/01/2008 19:00 14/01/2008 23:30 15/01/2008 04:00 Load Profile & Base Load 15/01/2008 08:30 Load Profile of a Building 15/01/2008 13:00 15/01/2008 17:30 15/01/2008 22:00 16/01/2008 02:30 16/01/2008 07:00 16/01/2008 11:30 16/01/2008 16:00 16/01/2008 20:30 17/01/2008 01:00 17/01/2008 05:30 17/01/2008 10:00 17/01/2008 14:30 17/01/2008 19:00 17/01/2008 23:30 ∑=140 kW
  • 19.
    Load Profile &Base Load ∑=7 - 8 kW
  • 20.
  • 21.
    Base Load Apportioning Night Power Consumer ~ 114 kW Others, 16.6, 14% Total Split units, 41.8, 33% Transformer losses, 7, 6% Core Area, 13.7, 11% Communications Equipment, 3.7, 3% Office lighting & UPS losses, 12, Equipment, 19.1, 10% 16% Data Center, 8, 7%
  • 22.
    Estimated ACSU Power[W] = 41.806 kW CELCOM 3% SDF1 LMR 5% 11% SDF2 5% BMDF TELCO 5% 14% PABX 7% PID 3% DATA UPS 15% 24% KEBAL BCR SR 2% 4% 2%
  • 23.
    IMPORTANT REQUIREMENT ! COMMITMENT FROM THE USER / CLIENT NEED STATEMENT ON BUILDING PERFORMANCE AND EE / LOW CARBON TARGET BY THE USER – ‘AS POLICY’ DESIGN OPERATION AND USERS / OCCUPANTS PERFORMANCE MAINTENANCE ARE ROLE / INTERACTION TO ACCORDING TO THE ACCORDING TO THE THE BUILDING NEED STATEMENT NEED STATEMENT PERFORMANCE EE / LOW CARBON BUILDING PERFORMANCE
  • 24.
    INTEGERATED DESIGN APPROACHTO GET THE BEST / LOWEST POSSIBLE ENERGY CONSUMPTION M&E C&S ARCHITECTS ENGINEERS ENGINEERS INTERIOR DESIGNER OWNER / BRAINSTORM USERS FACILITIES MANAGEMENT ENERGY / LOW ICT LANDSCAPE CARBON / GREEN CONSULTANT CONSULTANT CONSULTANT
  • 25.
    INTEGERATED DESIGN APPROACHTO GET THE BEST / LOWEST POSSIBLE ENERGY CONSUMPTION Consider Technologies and ROOT CAUSED Human Factor. ANALYSIS * Use of technology are METHOD not the ultimate solution. Conduct Energy WHY? WHAT? & Carbon HOW? WHEN? Performance WHO? Analysis
  • 26.
    CHOOSE THE MOST APPRIOPRATE STRATEGIES Double glazing? Radiant cooling? CAV? Water cooled sys? COOLING SYSTEM VSD? Air cooled sys? Wall Insulation? Air tight Low VAV? resistance air Façade building? High COP design? Low losses system? sys? Electrical chiller? distribution? Absorption Efficient cooling Centralise chiller? tower? system? LED? Induction light? Stand alone Split EQUIPMENT USED Unit? EE Office High Eff. Motor? Lighting level? appliances? Daylighting? Shared printers? Green ICT? EE Lighting? Light shelves? High efficient Water efficient Energy reflector? fittings? Management LIGHTING SYSTEM Rain water System? Task Light? harvest?
  • 27.
    SELECTION OF DESIGNSTRATEGIES - The design and selection of the strategies are depends ultimate design target that required to be achieved ! - Different building will have different design strategies depend on the nature and physical of the building. - Any irrelevant measures or too expensive could be omitted. Can be justified! - The best is to put priority strategies that have high performance impact with low or minimum cost to implement (kWh or CO2 reduction / $$$ invested)
  • 28.
    EXAMPLES / CASE NEW BUILDING DESIGN
  • 29.
    KeTTHA’s LEO Building :ENERGY DESIGN ELEMENTS
  • 30.
    Energy Saving Featuresin LEO Optimisation ENERGY 1 Building - 0 EE in Building Guideline Target (136kWh/m2/yr) Reference Case 275 Daylight use 247 Insulation in walls and roof 239 EE Lighting 22 - 16 w/m2 223 Equipment 27 – 20 w/m2 195 EE Light 16 – 8 w/m2 173 EE Equipment 20 - 7.5 w/2 123 56% "Energy Management” 112 reduction Room Temp 23 - 24 degrees 102 Potential GreenPASS (Operational carbon) Rating Especially Tight Building 100 0 100 1000 200 300 Energy Index kWh/m2year
  • 31.
    LEO Building Performance LEO Building Average Building Energy Index (BEI) in Parcel B Comparison LEO Building with several LEO BEI = 100 [kWh/m2/yr] buildings in Putrajaya (Conventional) BEI = 275 400 378 349 350 321 322 315 175 kWh/m2year 296 300 268 278 273 253 = 3,366,475 kWh/yr 250 236 233 or more than RM 800,000 [k W h /m 2 /y r] 215 196 198 per year 200 Tariff C1 167 28.8 sen/kWh 150 123114 Savings = 56% 100 50 = 3,366,475 kWh/yr x - 0.614 kg CO2/kwh B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8 E4/5 = 2,067,016 kg/year CO2 AVERAGE (3276 hrs/yr) AVERAGE (Normalised to 2646hrs/yr) Blocks = 2,067 tones CO2/year
  • 32.
    LEO Monitoring &Performance Monthly Energy Index for Energy Index Building LEO Building [kW h/m2/year] 160 (Based on Energy Bills) 160 149 149 Average 140 Current 140 Target 128 128 128 114 124 124 124 123 122 122 122 122 122 121 124 120 120 124 120 119 122 123 120 122 121 122 118 118 118 117 116 116 116 116 115 118 120 116 115 Energy Index [kWh/m2/year] 114 115 117 113 113 113 112 120 116 120 111 110 110 111 113 114 109 109 108 108 108 111 112 112 107 111 106 106 106 105 109 109 108 110 107 108 108 103 106 102 106 106 100 105 100 100 103 102 99 100 100 97 97 99 [kWh/m2/yr] 100 97 97 95 94 100 95 94 94 94 93 93 92 94 92 92 91 90 91 92 92 90 90 90 90 90 89 90 89 89 89 90 90 88 89 90 88 88 89 88 87 87 87 87 87 87 88 87 86 88 85 87 83 82 81 83 83 81 80 80 80 80 82 79 79 79 80 81 79 80 78 81 79 78 78 79 80 77 78 80 78 77 77 76 80 78 77 74 76 73 80 73 74 64 64 64 60 60 38 38 4036 35 35 36 36 33 33 34 38 32 38 32 32 32 31 31 31 31 30 30 30 30 30 40 30 30 30 29 29 29 35 29 29 35 33 28 28 28 33 27 27 27 31 30 32 26 26 26 26 30 31 32 29 32 25 26 25 25 25 24 31 24 30 30 24 24 29 28 27 29 23 29 29 27 29 20 26 25 27 26 25 26 26 18 24 24 16 23 20 20 16 20 18 - - 0 0 May 05 May 06 May 07 Nov 04 Mac 05 July 05 Nov 05 Mac 06 July 06 Nov 06 Mac 07 July 07 Design Oct 04 Dec 04 Jan 05 Feb 05 April 05 June 05 Aug 05 Sept 05 Oct 05 Dec 05 Jan 06 Feb 06 April 06 June 06 Aug 06 Sept 06 Oct 06 Dec 06 Jan 07 Feb 07 April 07 June 07 Aug 07 Sept 07 Oct 07 AVERAGE AVERAGE Chilled Water-Cooling Index [kWh/m2/yr] Electrical Energy Index [kWh/m2/yr] Building Energy Index [kWh/m2/yr] Cooling Energy Consumption [kW h] Electrical Energy Consumption [kW h] Building Energy Index [kW h/m2/yr] Month
  • 33.
    GreenTech Malaysia’s GEOBuilding : DESIGN ELEMENTS - Daylighting (almost 100%) - EE lighting + task lights - EE office equipment (laptops, LCD monitors, networked printers) - Green IT Network & server room (75% wireless network) - EE air conditioning & ventilation - Floor slab cooling (For radiant cooling and thermal storage) - PCM storage cooling system (minimised air-cond chillers capacity) - Controls & Sensors (VSDs, VAVs, CO2, BMS / Energy monitoring) - Double glazing (heat and sound insulation) - Roof and wall Insulation (reduce outside heat gain) - Grid connected BIPV system (Sell energy to TNB / no batteries) - Rain water harvest system (landscape, aircond and cleaning)
  • 34.
    Monitored GEO BuildingEnergy Index MONTHLY GEO BUILDING ENERGY PERFORMANCE Energy Consumed / Energy Generated [kWh/month] 35,000 180.0 29,102 28,417 27,981 28,012 160.0 25,876 25,784 30,000 24,954 24,851 23,777 23,635 140.0 22,251 20,244 25,000 20,110 19,600 BEI [kWh/m2/year] 120.0 18,466 17,700 17,456 17,323 16,724 16,737 110 111 16,410 16,198 16,066 20,000 104 105 14,995 97.9 100.0 96 90 92 91 93 88 80.0 6,102 10,660 10,312 15,000 10,067 75 75 73 69 9,523 9,511 9,394 68 9,109 9,105 8,968 8,824 8,796 8,744 65 62 64 63 62 8,586 8,539 8,407 63.0 8,368 8,213 8,205 8,234 8,052 60 62 60.0 7,419 7,268 6,993 6,762 6,148 10,000 37 34 40 33 37 35 40 40.0 33 32 36 35 33 35 34 5,000 30 30 33 32 31 32 26 27 28 23 23 20.0 0 0 0 Avera 0 0.0 Avera July Aug Sept Nov Mac May June July Aug Sept Nov Mac May June ge Oct 08 Dec 08 Jan 09 Feb 09 Apr 09 Oct 09 Dec 09 Jan 10 Feb 10 Apr 10 ge 08 08 08 08 09 09 09 09 09 09 09 10 10 10 (with kWh PV 8,824 8,368 6,993 8,213 9,394 9,523 8,586 8,205 8,796 9,109 9,105 10,312 8,968 8,234 10,067 9,511 8,052 8,539 6,762 7,268 7,419 8,407 6,148 8,744 10,660 0 kWh Total 25,876 16,724 25,784 27,981 22,251 24,851 23,635 24,954 23,777 29,102 28,012 28,417 20,244 18,466 20,110 17,456 16,066 17,323 16,410 16,737 16,198 14,995 19,600 17,700 6,102 0 Num of Days 13 31 30 31 30 31 31 28 31 30 31 30 31 31 30 31 30 31 31 28 31 30 2 0 BEI [kWh/m2/yr] 97.9 63.0 96 110 90 92 91 93 88 111 104 105 75 69 75 65 62 64 63 62 60 62 73 68 23 0 BEI PV 33 32 30 36 35 33 30 33 37 34 40 33 32 37 35 31 32 26 27 28 35 23 34 40 0 kWh PV kWh Total BEI [kWh/m2/yr] BEI PV Linear (BEI [kWh/m2/yr] )
  • 35.
    The GEO Building:CO2 Emission MONTHLY GEO BUILDING CO2 EMMISSION PERFORMANCE 25 Emits = 140 ton CO2/yr CO2 Emmission [Ton Co2/month] = 44 kg CO2/m2/yr 19.79 19.32 19.05 19.03 20 NET = 66 ton CO2/yr 17.53 16.97 16.90 = 20 kg CO2/m2/yr 18 16.17 16.07 15.13 13.77 13.67 13.60 13.33 13.44 15 12.86 12.78 12.56 12.31 12.04 11.87 11.78 11.38 11.39 11.16 11.01 10.92 10.42 12 10.20 10.23 11 10.19 9.15 6.39 8.74 10 6.107.67 4.15 7.25 7.01 6.96 6.85 6.83 6.48 6.47 4.60 6.56 6.44 6.19 6.19 5.98 6.09 5.95 5.97 5.97 5.84 5.81 5.72 5.58 5.58 5.60 5.48 5.40 5.45 5.04 4.94 6 4.76 6 6 4.48 4.18 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 Ave Ave July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mac Apr May Jun July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mac Apr May Jun rage rage 08 08 08 08 08 08 09 09 09 09 09 e 09 09 09 09 09 09 09 10 10 10 10 10 e 10 (wit Emmision [Ton CO2] 18 11 17.53 19.03 15.13 16.90 16.07 16.97 16.17 19.79 19.05 19.32 13.77 12.56 13.67 11.87 10.92 11.78 11.16 11.38 11.01 10.20 13.33 12.04 4.15 0.00 Offset Emmision by PV [Ton CO2] 6 6 4.76 5.58 6.39 6.48 5.84 5.58 5.98 6.19 6.19 7.01 6.10 5.60 6.85 6.47 5.48 5.81 4.60 4.94 5.04 5.72 4.18 5.95 7.25 0.00 Net Emmision by GEO Building [Ton CO2] 12 6 12.78 13.44 8.74 10.42 10.23 11.39 10.19 13.60 12.86 12.31 7.67 6.96 6.83 5.40 5.45 5.97 6.56 6.44 5.97 4.48 9.15 6.09 (3.10)0.00 Emmision [Ton CO2] Offset Emmision by PV [Ton CO2] Net Emmision by GEO Building [Ton CO2]
  • 36.
    Energy (& CO2)Savings GEO BEI = 65 Savings = 70% (Conventional) BEI = 220 Net saving with Renewable Energy = 85% a/c area 3,175 sq.m 155 kWh/m2year Potential GreenPASS (Operational carbon) Rating Energy saved = 492,125 kWh/yr or RM 195,374 per year Tariff B (Low Voltage Commercial Tariff) for all kWh 39.7 sen/kWh Old tariff B ; 40.8 sen/kWh CO2 saved = 492,125 x 0.614 = 302,165 kg/year CO2 = 302 tones CO2/year 0.614 kg of CO2 emitted to the atmosphere for each 1 kWh electricity generated by power plant (Peninsula Malaysia)
  • 37.
    An Example of37 Storey and Slim Building : ENERGY DESIGN ELEMENTS Energy Saving Strategies To Reduced Building Energy Index [kW 2/year] h/m 1 Base Use norm brick w with 90%w glazing (6m clear glass) al all all m 382 Reduce W Rfrom90 to 60% W 332 U 12m light green tinted, LT=63% Shading=0.57) se m , 311 2 Energy Saving Strategies Illuminance 300 - 400 Lux and occ.sensors 294 3 EElighting (11.5W 2) /m 288 4 Use of daylighting w daylight sensors ith 265 5 Energyefficienct office equipm (10W ent ) 237 6 Energyefficient fans and motors 227 67% 7 EnergyEfficient aircond systemwith B S, C P3.8 A O 162 reduction 8 Roomtemperature 24 degC 142 9 11 10 Fresh air control + Heat wheel 131 Potential GreenPASS (Operational U A instead of bricks se LC 127 carbon) Rating - 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
  • 38.
    A Government SchoolComputer Lab : ENERGY DESIGN ELEMENTS 54.8% reduction Potential GreenPASS (Operational carbon) Rating
  • 39.
    A Government SchoolComputer Lab : ENERGY DESIGN ELEMENTS
  • 40.
    A Government SchoolComputer Lab : ENERGY DESIGN ELEMENTS
  • 41.
    EXAMPLES / CASE RETROFIT BUILDING
  • 42.
    Retrofitted Warehouse /Workshop Building with Enhance Energy Management in Shah Alam Annual Saving Measures Electrical kWh/yr RM/yr No Cost Measures De-lamping office lighting 13,476 3,153.38 Low Cost Measures Use timer controller for temperature and operate silo ventilation 687,760 160,935.84 Use of daylight in warehouse 19,943 4,666.66 Replace normal EXIT signage to LED 2,208 516.67 Awareness campaigns 703,931 164,719.85 High Cost Measures Replace the Metal Halide lamps to T5HO lamps 957,012 223,940.81 Lighting zoning 498,584 116,668.66 TOTAL Actual Cost 2,882,914 674,602 Reduction Potential GreenPASS (Operational 50% carbon) Rating
  • 43.
    Guidelines and Codeof Practice on Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy Building to achieve Low Carbon Buildings Development and Publication of EE in Buildings Guidelines by Ministry of Energy, Telecommunications & Post, 1989. MS1525 : 2001 – Code of Practise Use of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy for Non-residential Buildings (Revised in 2007) by SIRIM. Malaysia Industrial Energy Audit Guidelines, a handbook for energy auditors by KTAK, PTM and UNDP-GEF, 2003. Guidelines for Conducting Energy Audits in Commercial Buildings by KTAK & PTM, 2004. Design Strategies for Energy Efficiency in New Buildings (Non-Domestic) by KTAK, DANIDA & JKR, 2004. Energy Efficiency & Conservation Guidelines for Malaysian Industries by KTAK, PTM and UNDP-GEF; - Part 1 : Electrical Energy-use Equipment, 2007. - Part 2 : Thermal Energy-use Equipment (2010) Low Carbon Cities Framework & Assessment System (2011) by KeTTHA and GreenTech Malaysia with collaboration with MIP
  • 44.
    Green Technology &Green Practises TECHNOLOGIES CAN BE CONSIDERED TO REDUCE CARBON EMISSION (ENERGY EFFICIENCY, RENEWABLE ENERGY, WATER MANAGEMENT AND GREEN PRACTICE)
  • 45.
    Summary of Featuresthat helps to reduce carbon - Daylighting - EE lighting + task lights - EE office equipment (laptops, LCD monitors, networked printers) - Green IT Network, system & appliances - Green server room, High temperature server room. - EE air conditioning & ventilation - Storage cooling system (minimise chillers capacity) - Controls & Sensors (VSDs, VAVs, CO2, BMS / Energy monitoring) - Double glazing (heat and sound insulation) - Roof and wall Insulation (reduce outside heat gain) - Grid connected BIPV system (Sell energy to TNB / no batteries) - Rain water harvest system (landscape, aircond and cleaning) - Water management, Awareness & Operation & Maintenance
  • 46.
    Water Management Reduce useof water • Install efficient water taps to control the amount of water. • Recycle water from basin or surau for watering the landscape. • Recycle condensate water from airconditioning system for general cleaning or landscape. • Rain water harvest System for non-drinking purpose. Efficient use of water will reduce production of treated water Reduce operation and distribution of water supply reduce carbon footprint in the operation of buildings
  • 47.
    Thank you foryour attention Get copy of paper? - Tel / SMS :019-2829102 steve@seda.gov.my / asetip@damansara.net Steve Anthony Lojuntin SEDA Malaysia, Phone : +603-8870 5800 Galeria PjH, Level 9 Email: fit@seda.gov.my Jalan P4W, Persiaran Perdana, Web: www.seda.gov.my 47 Presint 4, 62100 Putrajaya, Malaysia.