Green buildings aim to reduce negative environmental impacts through features like increased energy and water efficiency. They utilize materials and technologies that conserve natural resources and generate less waste. Some key characteristics of green buildings include using renewable energy sources, optimizing daylighting, and employing water recycling systems. Common green building materials are fly ash bricks, bamboo boards, and solar panels. Benefits include lower utility costs, reduced pollution, and improved occupant health. While initial costs may be higher, green buildings can provide long-term economic and environmental returns.