Zero-energy buildings aim to consume no net energy annually by using renewable energy sources like solar panels. Such buildings are important to address rising energy costs and environmental issues. The presented document discusses the concepts of zero-energy buildings, including how they can be achieved through passive design techniques like phase change material walls, heat recovery ventilators, green roofs, and solar panels. It provides an example of India's first zero-energy building, the Indira Paryavaran Bhavan in New Delhi, which uses solar passive design and a 930kw solar system. The document emphasizes that zero-energy buildings are the future as renewable technologies advance.

1. ZERO-ENERGY
BUILDINGS
GUIDED BY PRESENTED BY
SRIJITH V SHARANRAJ PT
ASST.PROFESSOR S7 ME-B
MECHANICAL DEPARTMENT TJE15ME103
1

2. ABSTRACT
In today’s current time period, the world is dependent upon resources
that are slowly diminishing. Many homes, factories and businesses are
powered by gas which is expensive and is depleting as time goes on.
To keep a comfortable state of living while balancing energy-saving
techniques, homes, along with factories and businesses, should
associate renewable energy resources. In order to prepare for our future
and save our economy, our Engineering Design class has been assigned
a project which requires us to design and develop a home that produces
0-net energy over the course of a year. Green architecture plays an
important role in this regard by improvement in building efficiency,
saving the energy, putting steps toward using new types of energy and
all in all being in the same direction with the nature.
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3. INTRODUCTION
 The building industry and scientific communities across the world
have identified the importance and need for energy efficiency in the
buildings, and initiated significant efforts in this direction.
 Buildings have a significant impact on energy use and the
environment. Commercial and residential buildings use almost
40%of the primary energy and approximately 70%of the electricity.
 ZEB is not a single product or technology, but rather a combination
of closely-integrated evolving techniques.
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4. ENERGY CONSUMPTION DIAGRAM4
Figure 1.1

5. LITERATURE REVIEW
SL NO AUTHOR/YEAR TOPIC FINDINGS
1 Maeszal,Anna Joanna
,per kvols.2009
A Literature review
of zero energy
buildings definitions
 Net zero site energy
 Net zero source energy
 Net zero energy cost
 Net zero energy emissions
2 Sunil kumar sharma.2013 Zero energy building
envelope
components :a
review
 Concept of construction of
eco friendly building
 Type of walls , roofs which
help in zero energy
4
5

6. 3 Gandhi Habash,Peter
Fisher,Alec
Rancourt,Will Noris
2014
Sustainable design of a
nearly zero energy
building
 Architectural design of
zero energy building
 Lighting sytem and HVAC
system
4 Fabrizo
Ascione,Nicolo
Bianco,Maria
Dousi,S.kalikaos
Michael
Nomikos.2016
Design and
performance analysis of
a zero-energy
settlement
 Zero energy settlement
design in Mediterranean
region
 Zero energy and zero
carbon settlement
5 Monika Shekar
Gupta.2017
A path towards net zero
energy building
 Features of a net zero
commercial building
 Net zero energy building
concept
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7. WHAT IS ZERO ENERGY BUILDINGS?
 A zero energy building is a building with net zero energy
conception.
 The total amount of energy used by the building on an annual basis
is roughly equal to the amount of energy generated on the site
through renewable sources.
 These buildings consequently contribute less overall greenhouse
gases to the atmosphere than similar non-zero energy buildings.
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8. WHY?
 To overcome Energy crisis
 Reduces Energy consumption
 Reduces Green House Gases(Carbon Emissions)&Global warming
 Reduces Dependence on Fossil fuels
 Protects our Environment for Future Generations
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9. HOW ZERO ENERGY CAN BE
ACHIEVED
 PCM WALLS
 VENTILLATION SYSTEM
 GREEN ROOFS
 RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES
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10. PCM WALLS
 A phase change material(PCM) is a substance works on the
principle of heat of fusion in which, melting and solidifying at a
certain temperature, is capable of storing and releasing large
amounts of energy. Heat is absorbed or released when the material
changes from solid to liquid and vice versa.
 When a PCM is in it’s solid phase it will absorb heat as the external
temperature rises.
 The temperature of the PCM will mirror the external temperature
until the PCM’s melting point is reached.
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11. WORKING CYCLE OF PCM11
Figure 2.1

12. WORKING
 When the external temperature reaches the melt point of the PCM, the
PCM will begin to melt i.e. “Change phase”.
 During the phase change process the PCM will absorb large amounts
of heat with almost no change in temperature.
 During this time period ,the PCM is providing a cooling effect
 The reverse cycle occurs as the external temperature cools.
 The PCM, now in it’s liquid phase, can release the heat it absorbed as
the external temperature decreases.
 During this period, the PCM solidifies and provides a warming effect
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13. HEAT RECOVERY&ENERGY
RECOVERY VENTILATORS
 To reduce energy loss in zero energy homes, heat from the ventilated
air can be captured rather than wasted by installing heat recovery
ventilators(HRVs) or energy recovery ventilators(ERVs).
 These ventilators bring fresh air into home and discharge stale air,
while retaining about 70% to 90% of the heat from the discharged
air and returning it to the incoming air.
 Both types of recovery devices use an exchange core to pass heat
from one airstream to the other
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14. WORKING
 The exchange core in an HRV can be aluminum or plastic .
 This core prevents indoor moisture and odors from crossing into the flow
of fresh, outside air.
 HRVs are best for cool climates, however ERVs are a better choice in
warm and humid, or extremely dry climates.
 ERVs are the same as HRVs except the core is made of coated paper or
perforated plastic, which allows water vapor to pass.
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15. WORKING OF ERV15
Figure 3.1

16. GREEN ROOF
 A building roof that is either or partly covered with a layer of
vegetation is called a green roof.
 It is layered composition system consisting of a waterproofing
membrane, growing medium and the vegetation layer itself.
 A green roof system incurs higher annual savings when installed on
a poorly insulated roof rather than a well- insulated roof.
 The moisture content in growing media of the green roof influences
its insulating properties.
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17. GREEN ROOF17
Figure 4.1

18. GREEN ROOF(CONTD…)
 The wetter the medium, the poorer the insulating behavior compare
to the dry growing medium.
 Therefore, green roofs reflect solar radiation more efficiently than
conventional roofs.
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19. PHOTOVOLTAIC SOLAR CELLS
 Each photovoltaic cell is basically a sandwich made up of two slices
of semi-conducting material, usually silicon.
 To work, photovoltaic cells needs to establish an electric field.
 Much like a magnetic field, which occurs due to opposite poles, an
electric field occurs when opposite charges are separated.
 To get this field, manufactures “dope” silicon with other materials
,giving each slice of the sandwich a positive or negative electrical
charge.
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20. SOLAR PANEL20
Figure 5.1

21. WORKING
 They seed phosphorous into the top layer of silicon, which adds
extra electrons, with a negative charge, to that layer.
 Meanwhile, the bottom layer gets a dose of boron, which results in
fewer electrons, or a positive charge.
 This will adds up to an electric field at the junction between silicon
layers.
 Then when a photon of sunlight knocks an electron free, the electric
field will push that electron out of the silicon junction.
 A couple of other components of the cell turn these electrons in to
the useful power.
 Metal conductive plates on the sides of the cells collects the
electrons and transfer them to the wires.
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22. ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN OF THE
BUILDING
 Preservation of maximum possible number of trees standing over
the site.
 Solar passive architecture with proper orientation and shading of
fenestrations.
 Appropriate building envelope design with envelope insulation to
reduce heat intake.
 The building is designed in such a way that there is free ventilation
across the entire building.
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23. ENERGY CONSERVATION MEASURES
 Utilization of high efficiency solar panels to achive net zero criteria.
 Energy efficient T-5 and LED fixtures.
 Water cooled chillers.
 Geo thermal heat exchange technology used for heat rejection from
Air-conditioning system.
 Innovative chilled beam system for cooling.
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24. ADVANTAGES
 Isolation for building owners from future energy price increases.
 Increased comfort due to more uniform interior temperatures.
 Reduced requirement for energy.
 Reduced total net monthly cost of living.
 Minimized extra cost.
 Reduced total cost of ownership due to improved energy efficiency.
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24

25. DISADVANTAGES
 Initial costs can be higher.
 Lack of skills or experience to build ZEDs.
 Solar energy capture using the house envelope only works in
locations unobstructed from the sun.
 Challenge to recover higher initial cost on resale of building.
 Climate change(global warming).
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26. THE INDIRA PARYAVARAN BHAVAN,NEW
DELHI
 First zero energy building in India.
 Constructed with adoption of solar passive design and energy-
efficient building materials.
 Installed capacity of 930kw peak power ,the building has the largest
roof type solar system among multi-stored buildings in India.
 More than 50 percent area outside the building is a soft area with
plantation and grass.
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27. THE INDIRA PARYAVARAN
BHAVAN,NEW DELHI
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Figure 6.1

28. CONCLUSION
 With the advancement in renewable technology, zero energy
buildings are the future.
 Many governments are providing subsidies to individuals and
organizations for creating zero energy buildings.
 Solar energy and wind energy will be the major contributor of
renewable energy for ZEBs owing to their widespread availability.
 Geothermal energy is an upcoming form energy having great
potential to generate electricity but a lot of research still has to done
to tap into its full potential.
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29. REFERENCES
1. IEA(International energy agency),Energy balances of OECD
countries-2010 edition.
2. R.Hawakes,Crossway ECO House,Hawkes Architecture,kent, UK
2009.
3. E.Doub,solar harvest:city of boulder’s first zero energy
home.Ecofutures building,Boulder,colo,USA ,2009.
4. “The Active House project,”http://www.activehouse.info.
5. D. Crawley,S.Pless and p.torcellini,Getting to net zeroASHRAE
journal vol.51,no 9 pp.18-25,2009.
29

30. REFERENCES
 6. Energy Information Administration(EIA),measuring energy
efficiency in the united states ecoconmy.A beginning,department of
energy 1995.
 7.D.J. Sailor “Energy buildings and urban environment” in
vulnerability of energy to climate vol.3.pp.167-182,2013.
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31. THANK YOU
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