This document discusses disaster preparedness in three main points:
1. Disaster preparedness involves safety measures taken before a potential disaster to minimize loss of life, such as removing dead trees, replanting trees, and building embankments along rivers.
2. Community-based disaster preparedness refers to preparations involving direct participation of all community members based on the geographical area and potential disasters, considering the local context.
3. The basic goals of disaster preparedness planning include reducing disaster risks through community organizing and capacity building, early warning systems, infrastructure improvements, and special provisions for children, elderly, disabled, and women.
This evaluation report summarizes the "Surakshit Samudaya: Building Safer Community through Disaster Management" project implemented by ActionAid Nepal with DIPECHO funding. The project aimed to build safer communities through disaster management initiatives like enhancing awareness, empowering communities, and building stakeholder capacity. It achieved its objectives by establishing 14 Disaster Management Committees, implementing awareness campaigns, training communities and stakeholders in disaster preparedness and risk reduction, and facilitating local risk assessment and action planning. While severe disasters did not occur during the project, trained volunteers were able to provide assistance during flood events. The project helped build knowledge, skills, and local coordination networks to strengthen disaster resilience in the target communities.
This document provides information about the DIPECHO South Asia 2011-2012 funding cycle. It outlines the estimated timings for the funding decision process, from drafting the decision text in September 2010 to the start of funded projects in March 2011. It provides guidance to potential applicants on preparing proposals, including encouraging consortia applications, regional projects, and coordinating activities. The total available funding is 12 million Euros. The document emphasizes building on past lessons, integrating activities with local strategies, and focusing on sustainability beyond the lifetime of funded projects.
Aandp net presentation on hfa climate change and drrDIPECHO Nepal
This document discusses the close links between climate change, disaster risk reduction, and the Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA). It outlines five priorities of the HFA that provide a foundation for both disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation: 1) make reduction of disaster risks a priority, 2) assess disaster risks and enhance early warning, 3) increase education and awareness of safety, 4) reduce underlying risk factors, and 5) strengthen disaster preparedness. Integrating efforts around these priorities through collaboration between stakeholders can help limit climate impacts, support adaptation, and reduce poverty. Political will is needed to drive coordinated action across sectors to address disaster and climate risks.
The document summarizes the national priorities for disaster risk reduction in Nepal that were identified during a 2008 national consultation meeting. The top three natural hazards identified were earthquakes, floods, and landslides/avalanches. Specific priority locations were also listed for each hazard. These included the Kathmandu Valley, western and far western municipalities for earthquakes, mid hills regions for landslides, and various Tarai districts for floods. The document notes that the priorities may have changed since they were originally identified in November 2008.
The document summarizes a disaster risk reduction project in Nepal called Surakshit Samudaya II. The project aims to strengthen community and local institutional capacities to reduce disaster impacts and ensure rights of vulnerable people. It is funded by the European Commission's DG ECHO and implemented in 5 villages across 3 districts of Nepal with over 13,500 direct beneficiaries. The project focuses on community mobilization, awareness raising, training volunteers, risk mitigation activities, and advocacy efforts to influence disaster policy.
A disaster is defined as any event, natural or man-made, that threatens lives and property and disrupts normal life. Disasters exceed the ability of affected communities and governments to cope. Hazards threaten people, structures, and assets and can cause disasters. Vulnerability is the likelihood of damage from a hazard due to factors like proximity and susceptibility. Risk is the probability of consequences from hazards people are exposed to. Disaster management involves coordination across organizations in preparedness, response, and recovery phases of disasters to reduce risks and improve capacity to handle disasters.
The document discusses priorities and issues for disaster preparedness projects in Nepal funded by the European Commission's Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection department. It identifies key hazards like earthquakes, floods and landslides. Priority regions include areas affected by multiple hazards, neglected areas with insufficient support, and places with limited follow up from past projects. While the legal framework for disaster risk reduction is evolving, many core issues remain. The document raises questions about how to better ensure projects have impact through advocacy, influence education policy, promote mitigation, integrate cross-cutting issues, replicate success stories, and contribute to linking relief, rehabilitation and development.
The document summarizes the findings of a field study conducted in Nepal's Koshi river basin to understand the impacts of climate change and disasters. Key findings include increased temperatures, changes in crop production, more frequent disasters, and shifts in wildlife habitats. Communities reported impacts on livelihoods and concerns about climate trends. Next steps proposed include awareness campaigns, community-based disaster management, developing early warning systems, and building community resilience.
This evaluation report summarizes the "Surakshit Samudaya: Building Safer Community through Disaster Management" project implemented by ActionAid Nepal with DIPECHO funding. The project aimed to build safer communities through disaster management initiatives like enhancing awareness, empowering communities, and building stakeholder capacity. It achieved its objectives by establishing 14 Disaster Management Committees, implementing awareness campaigns, training communities and stakeholders in disaster preparedness and risk reduction, and facilitating local risk assessment and action planning. While severe disasters did not occur during the project, trained volunteers were able to provide assistance during flood events. The project helped build knowledge, skills, and local coordination networks to strengthen disaster resilience in the target communities.
This document provides information about the DIPECHO South Asia 2011-2012 funding cycle. It outlines the estimated timings for the funding decision process, from drafting the decision text in September 2010 to the start of funded projects in March 2011. It provides guidance to potential applicants on preparing proposals, including encouraging consortia applications, regional projects, and coordinating activities. The total available funding is 12 million Euros. The document emphasizes building on past lessons, integrating activities with local strategies, and focusing on sustainability beyond the lifetime of funded projects.
Aandp net presentation on hfa climate change and drrDIPECHO Nepal
This document discusses the close links between climate change, disaster risk reduction, and the Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA). It outlines five priorities of the HFA that provide a foundation for both disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation: 1) make reduction of disaster risks a priority, 2) assess disaster risks and enhance early warning, 3) increase education and awareness of safety, 4) reduce underlying risk factors, and 5) strengthen disaster preparedness. Integrating efforts around these priorities through collaboration between stakeholders can help limit climate impacts, support adaptation, and reduce poverty. Political will is needed to drive coordinated action across sectors to address disaster and climate risks.
The document summarizes the national priorities for disaster risk reduction in Nepal that were identified during a 2008 national consultation meeting. The top three natural hazards identified were earthquakes, floods, and landslides/avalanches. Specific priority locations were also listed for each hazard. These included the Kathmandu Valley, western and far western municipalities for earthquakes, mid hills regions for landslides, and various Tarai districts for floods. The document notes that the priorities may have changed since they were originally identified in November 2008.
The document summarizes a disaster risk reduction project in Nepal called Surakshit Samudaya II. The project aims to strengthen community and local institutional capacities to reduce disaster impacts and ensure rights of vulnerable people. It is funded by the European Commission's DG ECHO and implemented in 5 villages across 3 districts of Nepal with over 13,500 direct beneficiaries. The project focuses on community mobilization, awareness raising, training volunteers, risk mitigation activities, and advocacy efforts to influence disaster policy.
A disaster is defined as any event, natural or man-made, that threatens lives and property and disrupts normal life. Disasters exceed the ability of affected communities and governments to cope. Hazards threaten people, structures, and assets and can cause disasters. Vulnerability is the likelihood of damage from a hazard due to factors like proximity and susceptibility. Risk is the probability of consequences from hazards people are exposed to. Disaster management involves coordination across organizations in preparedness, response, and recovery phases of disasters to reduce risks and improve capacity to handle disasters.
The document discusses priorities and issues for disaster preparedness projects in Nepal funded by the European Commission's Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection department. It identifies key hazards like earthquakes, floods and landslides. Priority regions include areas affected by multiple hazards, neglected areas with insufficient support, and places with limited follow up from past projects. While the legal framework for disaster risk reduction is evolving, many core issues remain. The document raises questions about how to better ensure projects have impact through advocacy, influence education policy, promote mitigation, integrate cross-cutting issues, replicate success stories, and contribute to linking relief, rehabilitation and development.
The document summarizes the findings of a field study conducted in Nepal's Koshi river basin to understand the impacts of climate change and disasters. Key findings include increased temperatures, changes in crop production, more frequent disasters, and shifts in wildlife habitats. Communities reported impacts on livelihoods and concerns about climate trends. Next steps proposed include awareness campaigns, community-based disaster management, developing early warning systems, and building community resilience.
This document provides an overview of floods (cfunfuL) in Nepal, including their causes and impacts. It discusses how floods primarily occur during the monsoon season from June to August due to heavy rains. Floods cause significant economic losses and deaths in Nepal each year. The document emphasizes that floods can be largely controlled by humans through proper management and use of fire (cfuf]), as nearly 99% of floods are caused by human error. It calls for increasing public awareness and making the Department of Hydrology and Meteorology more effective in flood control. The document also provides a brief history of the use of fire and an introduction to flood control efforts in Nepal.
Ii day disaster impact & drr in nepal a concern july2k10DIPECHO Nepal
Nepal faces significant risks from natural hazards like floods, landslides, and earthquakes. Over the past 37 years, disasters have killed over 27,000 people and affected nearly 5 million. The annual economic losses from disasters average over 20 billion NPR, with water-induced floods alone causing over 5.3 billion NPR in losses. Disaster risk reduction through preparedness, mitigation and building resilience is necessary to reduce vulnerabilities and impacts.
Disaster Knowledge Book Compiled in NepaliDIPECHO Nepal
The book describes Disaster Management , Types and hazards in Nepal. The book is compiled version of Disaster Knowledge Series brought to DRR stakeholders by ECO Nepal with financial support from CARITAS. The original version of 15 series was published with support from ActionAid, Oxfam and DIPECHO
Disaster impact & drr in nepal a concern july2k10DIPECHO Nepal
Nepal faces significant risks from natural hazards like floods, landslides, and earthquakes. Over the past 37 years, disasters have killed over 27,000 people and affected nearly 5 million. The annual economic losses from disasters average over 20 billion NPR, with water-induced floods alone causing over 5.3 billion NPR in losses. Disaster risk reduction through preparedness, mitigation and building resilience is necessary to reduce vulnerabilities and impacts.
The document discusses biological and chemical disasters in Nepal. It notes that while Nepal has not experienced large chemical disasters due to its lack of industrial development, biological disasters from animal attacks and use of pesticides do pose risks. Animal attacks by wild animals like elephants, rhinos and monkeys cause many human deaths each year. The increasing use of pesticides in agriculture also increases risk of epidemics. The document aims to provide simple information about biological and chemical disasters.
The community initially had misunderstandings about the relief distribution from PACT Nepal, with people saying PACT would provide each household Rs. 50,000 and a bag of grain. However, after regular meetings between PACT staff and the community to explain PACT's objectives and that it does not provide direct cash relief, the community now understands PACT's role is to build disaster resilience, not provide cash. The community disaster management committee now clarifies any issues themselves. Regular interaction through the community listening center helped address the initial challenges around project implementation.
The document discusses environmental pollution and disasters. It states that most disasters are increasing due to human-caused environmental degradation rather than purely natural causes. Environmental pollution and climate change from factors like industrialization, unsustainable land use, and waste mismanagement are exacerbating disasters and harming human life. The summary focuses on how human activities are degrading the environment and increasing disaster risks.
Nepal is highly vulnerable to natural disasters due to its geographical location and socioeconomic conditions. It is ranked 11th in the world for risk from water-induced disasters and 30th for earthquake risk. Every year disasters in Nepal affect over 100,000 people and cause economic losses of over $1.2 billion. The country experiences floods, landslides, fires, droughts and other disasters caused by earthquakes, heavy rainfall, glacial lake outbursts and climate change impacts. Nepal is seeking to develop resilience to natural disasters and ensure safety and security for all its citizens.
Natural and human-induced disasters can cause significant harm to communities and create situations where external assistance is needed. Disasters like floods, landslides, droughts, epidemics and industrial or transportation accidents damage lives, infrastructure and livelihoods. Affected populations may require short and long-term relief assistance to recover from losses of homes, property and access to resources. International support through organizations like the European Commission can help communities cope with disasters that exceed their local capacities.
School safety-self-assessment-checklist-bookletNdrc Nepal
This booklet help school children to understand DRR in their community and school with respect to CBDRR and School Safety.
The booklet is a product of BURDAN Project convened by ADRA Nepal and implemented by partner NGOs Nangshal Nepal, RMD Nepal and Ndrc Nepal
This document provides an overview of the Sphere Handbook, which establishes minimum standards in humanitarian response. It discusses the history and purpose of the Sphere standards, which aim to improve the quality and accountability of humanitarian assistance. The handbook is the result of collaboration among humanitarian organizations worldwide and establishes core principles and indicators that aid agencies are expected to achieve in their response. It is now in its third revised edition.
1. This document is a greeting message from the head of the JN Medical College Hospital Unit on the occasion of International Nurses Day.
2. It discusses the theme of this year's Nurses Day - "Closing the Gap: From Evidence to Action" and emphasizes the importance of using evidence-based practices in nursing care.
3. It highlights key nursing statistics in Nepal and the role of the Nursing Association of Nepal in improving health and developing the nursing profession since 1961.
This document provides an overview of livestock farming for small farmers in Nepal. It covers key topics like breeds of livestock, breeding, feeding arrangements, shelter management, common diseases and parasites, and fodder arrangements. The document is divided into 8 sections for easy reference. It aims to provide basic and practical information to farmers on livestock rearing in a simple format supplemented with illustrations. The information is based on the author's experience working with farmers in Nepal. The ultimate goal is to help small farmers and those new to livestock farming to better manage their animals and overcome common challenges.
The passage discusses the human circulatory system which transports blood, nutrients, oxygen, and wastes throughout the body. It is made up of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. The heart pumps blood through arteries and veins to all parts of the body and then back to the heart and lungs to be replenished with oxygen. The heart is a muscular organ located in the chest cavity that continuously pumps blood through two circuits - the pulmonary circulation and the systemic circulation. The blood vessels include arteries, which carry oxygenated blood away from the heart; veins, which carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart; and capillaries, which connect arteries and veins and allow exchange of water, oxygen, nutrients and wastes
This document discusses family planning and world population day. It provides background information on concepts of population, importance of population studies, and Nepal's population statistics from census data. The key points are:
1) World Population Day is celebrated annually on July 11th to raise awareness about issues related to population growth and development. This year's theme is "Family Planning: Empowering People, Developing Nations".
2) Family planning involves making informed choices on issues like birth spacing, limiting family size, and improving maternal and child health outcomes. It is an important factor in national development.
3) Nepal still has a high population growth rate according to the latest census. Improving access to quality family planning services can
This document presents Nepal's National Health Policy 2071. It discusses the background and history of health initiatives in Nepal. Some key achievements over the past decades include controlling many infectious diseases and reducing maternal and child mortality rates. However, challenges remain in ensuring quality health services reach all citizens, especially vulnerable groups. The policy aims to build on past gains, address current and emerging issues, and fulfill Nepal's constitutional commitment to health as a fundamental right. It outlines visions, goals and strategies to guide the health sector over the coming years through efficient use of resources and responsive management.
This document presents Nepal's National Health Policy 2071. It discusses the background and history of health initiatives in Nepal. Some key achievements in health over the past decades include controlling many infectious diseases and reducing maternal and child mortality rates. However, challenges remain around ensuring quality health services reach all citizens, especially vulnerable groups. The policy aims to build on past successes, address current and emerging issues, and fulfill Nepal's constitutional commitment to health as a fundamental right. It outlines visions, goals and strategies for improving health promotion, protection and access across the country in the coming years.
This document presents Nepal's National Health Policy 2071. It discusses the background and history of health initiatives in Nepal. Some key achievements over the past decades include controlling many infectious diseases and reducing maternal and child mortality rates. However, challenges remain in ensuring quality health services reach all citizens, especially vulnerable groups. The policy aims to build on past gains, address current and emerging issues, and fulfill Nepal's constitutional commitment to health as a fundamental right. It focuses on strengthening health systems, management, resource mobilization, and addressing diseases and health issues facing the country.
This document discusses natural disasters like floods and food insecurity in Nepal. It provides background on Nepal's geography and challenges in agriculture that contribute to these issues. It then analyzes the impacts of disasters and food insecurity, including vulnerability assessments and community preparedness. It discusses strategies like disaster monitoring, awareness raising, education and training to strengthen resilience. Food insecurity has natural and human causes, and affects development. The document outlines Nepal's food security situation and concludes with a call for collaborative efforts to address these challenges.
This document provides an overview of floods (cfunfuL) in Nepal, including their causes and impacts. It discusses how floods primarily occur during the monsoon season from June to August due to heavy rains. Floods cause significant economic losses and deaths in Nepal each year. The document emphasizes that floods can be largely controlled by humans through proper management and use of fire (cfuf]), as nearly 99% of floods are caused by human error. It calls for increasing public awareness and making the Department of Hydrology and Meteorology more effective in flood control. The document also provides a brief history of the use of fire and an introduction to flood control efforts in Nepal.
Ii day disaster impact & drr in nepal a concern july2k10DIPECHO Nepal
Nepal faces significant risks from natural hazards like floods, landslides, and earthquakes. Over the past 37 years, disasters have killed over 27,000 people and affected nearly 5 million. The annual economic losses from disasters average over 20 billion NPR, with water-induced floods alone causing over 5.3 billion NPR in losses. Disaster risk reduction through preparedness, mitigation and building resilience is necessary to reduce vulnerabilities and impacts.
Disaster Knowledge Book Compiled in NepaliDIPECHO Nepal
The book describes Disaster Management , Types and hazards in Nepal. The book is compiled version of Disaster Knowledge Series brought to DRR stakeholders by ECO Nepal with financial support from CARITAS. The original version of 15 series was published with support from ActionAid, Oxfam and DIPECHO
Disaster impact & drr in nepal a concern july2k10DIPECHO Nepal
Nepal faces significant risks from natural hazards like floods, landslides, and earthquakes. Over the past 37 years, disasters have killed over 27,000 people and affected nearly 5 million. The annual economic losses from disasters average over 20 billion NPR, with water-induced floods alone causing over 5.3 billion NPR in losses. Disaster risk reduction through preparedness, mitigation and building resilience is necessary to reduce vulnerabilities and impacts.
The document discusses biological and chemical disasters in Nepal. It notes that while Nepal has not experienced large chemical disasters due to its lack of industrial development, biological disasters from animal attacks and use of pesticides do pose risks. Animal attacks by wild animals like elephants, rhinos and monkeys cause many human deaths each year. The increasing use of pesticides in agriculture also increases risk of epidemics. The document aims to provide simple information about biological and chemical disasters.
The community initially had misunderstandings about the relief distribution from PACT Nepal, with people saying PACT would provide each household Rs. 50,000 and a bag of grain. However, after regular meetings between PACT staff and the community to explain PACT's objectives and that it does not provide direct cash relief, the community now understands PACT's role is to build disaster resilience, not provide cash. The community disaster management committee now clarifies any issues themselves. Regular interaction through the community listening center helped address the initial challenges around project implementation.
The document discusses environmental pollution and disasters. It states that most disasters are increasing due to human-caused environmental degradation rather than purely natural causes. Environmental pollution and climate change from factors like industrialization, unsustainable land use, and waste mismanagement are exacerbating disasters and harming human life. The summary focuses on how human activities are degrading the environment and increasing disaster risks.
Nepal is highly vulnerable to natural disasters due to its geographical location and socioeconomic conditions. It is ranked 11th in the world for risk from water-induced disasters and 30th for earthquake risk. Every year disasters in Nepal affect over 100,000 people and cause economic losses of over $1.2 billion. The country experiences floods, landslides, fires, droughts and other disasters caused by earthquakes, heavy rainfall, glacial lake outbursts and climate change impacts. Nepal is seeking to develop resilience to natural disasters and ensure safety and security for all its citizens.
Natural and human-induced disasters can cause significant harm to communities and create situations where external assistance is needed. Disasters like floods, landslides, droughts, epidemics and industrial or transportation accidents damage lives, infrastructure and livelihoods. Affected populations may require short and long-term relief assistance to recover from losses of homes, property and access to resources. International support through organizations like the European Commission can help communities cope with disasters that exceed their local capacities.
School safety-self-assessment-checklist-bookletNdrc Nepal
This booklet help school children to understand DRR in their community and school with respect to CBDRR and School Safety.
The booklet is a product of BURDAN Project convened by ADRA Nepal and implemented by partner NGOs Nangshal Nepal, RMD Nepal and Ndrc Nepal
This document provides an overview of the Sphere Handbook, which establishes minimum standards in humanitarian response. It discusses the history and purpose of the Sphere standards, which aim to improve the quality and accountability of humanitarian assistance. The handbook is the result of collaboration among humanitarian organizations worldwide and establishes core principles and indicators that aid agencies are expected to achieve in their response. It is now in its third revised edition.
1. This document is a greeting message from the head of the JN Medical College Hospital Unit on the occasion of International Nurses Day.
2. It discusses the theme of this year's Nurses Day - "Closing the Gap: From Evidence to Action" and emphasizes the importance of using evidence-based practices in nursing care.
3. It highlights key nursing statistics in Nepal and the role of the Nursing Association of Nepal in improving health and developing the nursing profession since 1961.
This document provides an overview of livestock farming for small farmers in Nepal. It covers key topics like breeds of livestock, breeding, feeding arrangements, shelter management, common diseases and parasites, and fodder arrangements. The document is divided into 8 sections for easy reference. It aims to provide basic and practical information to farmers on livestock rearing in a simple format supplemented with illustrations. The information is based on the author's experience working with farmers in Nepal. The ultimate goal is to help small farmers and those new to livestock farming to better manage their animals and overcome common challenges.
The passage discusses the human circulatory system which transports blood, nutrients, oxygen, and wastes throughout the body. It is made up of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. The heart pumps blood through arteries and veins to all parts of the body and then back to the heart and lungs to be replenished with oxygen. The heart is a muscular organ located in the chest cavity that continuously pumps blood through two circuits - the pulmonary circulation and the systemic circulation. The blood vessels include arteries, which carry oxygenated blood away from the heart; veins, which carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart; and capillaries, which connect arteries and veins and allow exchange of water, oxygen, nutrients and wastes
This document discusses family planning and world population day. It provides background information on concepts of population, importance of population studies, and Nepal's population statistics from census data. The key points are:
1) World Population Day is celebrated annually on July 11th to raise awareness about issues related to population growth and development. This year's theme is "Family Planning: Empowering People, Developing Nations".
2) Family planning involves making informed choices on issues like birth spacing, limiting family size, and improving maternal and child health outcomes. It is an important factor in national development.
3) Nepal still has a high population growth rate according to the latest census. Improving access to quality family planning services can
This document presents Nepal's National Health Policy 2071. It discusses the background and history of health initiatives in Nepal. Some key achievements over the past decades include controlling many infectious diseases and reducing maternal and child mortality rates. However, challenges remain in ensuring quality health services reach all citizens, especially vulnerable groups. The policy aims to build on past gains, address current and emerging issues, and fulfill Nepal's constitutional commitment to health as a fundamental right. It outlines visions, goals and strategies to guide the health sector over the coming years through efficient use of resources and responsive management.
This document presents Nepal's National Health Policy 2071. It discusses the background and history of health initiatives in Nepal. Some key achievements in health over the past decades include controlling many infectious diseases and reducing maternal and child mortality rates. However, challenges remain around ensuring quality health services reach all citizens, especially vulnerable groups. The policy aims to build on past successes, address current and emerging issues, and fulfill Nepal's constitutional commitment to health as a fundamental right. It outlines visions, goals and strategies for improving health promotion, protection and access across the country in the coming years.
This document presents Nepal's National Health Policy 2071. It discusses the background and history of health initiatives in Nepal. Some key achievements over the past decades include controlling many infectious diseases and reducing maternal and child mortality rates. However, challenges remain in ensuring quality health services reach all citizens, especially vulnerable groups. The policy aims to build on past gains, address current and emerging issues, and fulfill Nepal's constitutional commitment to health as a fundamental right. It focuses on strengthening health systems, management, resource mobilization, and addressing diseases and health issues facing the country.
This document discusses natural disasters like floods and food insecurity in Nepal. It provides background on Nepal's geography and challenges in agriculture that contribute to these issues. It then analyzes the impacts of disasters and food insecurity, including vulnerability assessments and community preparedness. It discusses strategies like disaster monitoring, awareness raising, education and training to strengthen resilience. Food insecurity has natural and human causes, and affects development. The document outlines Nepal's food security situation and concludes with a call for collaborative efforts to address these challenges.
Early Warning System_Fact Sheet_Final_24.1.2015surendra gautam
This document describes a community-based early warning system for floods installed in Eureka Tekuwa, Dhading district of Nepal. The system consists of two devices - a sensor installed near rivers to measure water levels, and receivers in nearby homes that receive signals from the sensor. When water levels rise, the sensor alerts the receivers using radio signals. Local leaders then disseminate the information to communities downstream to prepare their response. The system is based on four aspects - risk knowledge, monitoring and observation, communication and dissemination, and response capacity - to help communities manage flood risks through early warnings.
This document provides a radio profile of Big FM 101.2 MHz, a radio station based in Kavreplanchok district of Nepal. It summarizes the background of Big FM, including its establishment, coverage area, vision, objectives and target market. The purpose of the study is to understand how the radio station operates and the type of programs and news coverage it provides. The study analyzes the news broadcast "Big News" and different types of programs on their format, presentation and listener engagement. Primary research methods used include observation, interviews and questionnaires to collect information over a period of one week. The key findings relate to the categorization and time allocation of news topics in Big News.
The document discusses the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) which were established by the United Nations in 2000. The 8 MDGs aimed to reduce poverty, hunger, disease, illiteracy, and environmental degradation by 2015. Some key goals included reducing extreme poverty and hunger by half, achieving universal primary education, promoting gender equality, reducing child and maternal mortality rates, and developing a global partnership for development. The document outlines Nepal's efforts to achieve the MDGs through various programs and initiatives, as well as challenges faced.
This document discusses natural disasters like floods and food insecurity in Nepal. It provides background on Nepal's geographical challenges in ensuring food security for its growing population. Climate change is increasing the risks of floods, droughts, and other disasters in Nepal. Effective disaster risk reduction and community resilience building requires monitoring risks, developing early warning systems, raising awareness, and preparedness training. Food insecurity can arise from natural factors like monsoons or human factors like lack of infrastructure. It impacts populations and economies. Nepal is working to strengthen its food security systems through improved agriculture, infrastructure and disaster management.
This document provides the syllabus for the NTA UGC NET JRF examination in Nepali subject. The syllabus covers the following topics over 7 sections: 1) poetry, 2) prose, 3) drama and film studies, 4) essays and literary criticism, 5) literary history, 6) general linguistics, and 7) Nepali linguistics. Some of the key areas covered include the history and genres of Nepali literature, linguistic concepts like phonetics and morphology, and approaches to literary analysis and criticism. The goal of the syllabus is to test candidates' understanding of Nepali language, literature, and linguistics.
Aksharica (अक्षरिका) is a Nepali Language Newsletter. Aksharica is made with a combination of two words “Akshar” and “America”. Akshar means “letter” in Nepali, thus goal of the Aksharica is to educate, inform, inspire, and empower the Nepali speaking community (Bhutanese and Nepalese) residing in America. Rajesh Koirala is working as an editor since it started on August 2010. This is 17th issue, published on May 1, 2011.
The document discusses the relationship between development and disaster risk reduction. It explains that development can both increase and decrease vulnerability to disasters, and that disasters can either provide opportunities for development or set back development. It advocates for a people-centered approach to development that reduces vulnerability through building resilience, livelihoods, and local capacities. Key strategies discussed include prioritizing adaptation efforts, integrating adaptation into development plans, strengthening local capacities, and leveraging disaster prevention to promote community-based adaptation.
The document discusses the relationship between development and disasters. It notes that development can both increase and decrease vulnerability to disasters. Development can increase vulnerability by encouraging population growth in hazardous areas and damaging the environment. However, development can also reduce vulnerability through infrastructure like earthquake-resistant buildings. While disasters can disrupt development, they can also provide opportunities for rebuilding safer structures and improving systems. Overall, the document examines how development and disasters intersect and influence each other in both positive and negative ways.
This document discusses how climate change is disproportionately impacting poor women in Bangladesh, India, and Nepal. Field research found that women in these countries are struggling to protect their livelihoods, assets, housing, and food security from increasing floods, droughts, heatwaves, and other climate-related disasters. While women are not passive victims, their limited resources, weak information networks, and lack of support constrain their ability to adapt. The evidence suggests women have started adapting in small ways like finding safer places to live and store goods during floods. However, larger investments and policy support are needed to make their livelihoods more resilient and sustainable over the long term. The document calls for targeted funding for poor women through climate change adaptation
This report summarizes interviews conducted with children in Nepal about the impacts of climate change on their lives. It finds that climate change is already affecting vulnerable communities through increased floods, landslides and irregular weather. Children interviewed in rural, mountain and urban areas of Nepal expressed experiencing impacts on their families' livelihoods, health, education, and access to food and water. They feel vulnerable but want support to adapt to and mitigate the effects of climate change. The report recommends ensuring children's rights to participation in climate change discussions and decisions that affect their lives.
The document summarizes a panel discussion held by the Association of Community Radio Broadcasters Nepal (ACORAB) on disaster risk reduction and community radio. Over 135 representatives from community radio stations across Nepal attended. The objective was to sensitize stations on DRR issues so they can effectively address them. A panel of experts presented on the status of disasters in Nepal, community-level DRR initiatives, and how media can contribute to DRR. Participants discussed how community radios and organizations like DPNet and Red Cross can collaborate more on DRR. Examples were shared of radios informing communities during disasters and helping victims, and calls were made to replicate such initiatives for greater impact. The discussion aimed to help community radio stations strategize
1) The document discusses a school building reconstruction project in Sunsari district to improve earthquake safety and security.
2) The project involved renovating existing buildings and constructing new earthquake-resistant buildings at Bhagawati Secondary School in Inaruwa-1 as a demonstration model.
3) Key aspects of the new building construction included two rooms measuring 16 feet by 23 feet, a total height of 49 feet, and features like railings and ramps to improve accessibility.
- Small scale mitigation works were carried out in Sunsari district to address drinking water problems experienced by communities during the monsoon season.
- A total of 28 structures such as tube wells were constructed across multiple locations in consultation with locally formed disaster management committees.
- The structures were 5 meters in height and designed based on discussions with the communities about where flooding typically occurred and input from local technicians.
- Community members contributed through provision of labor and materials while funds were also received from DIPECHO and local government sources to complete the projects.
1) Rambati, a woman from Karkhana Tole village in Sunsari, Nepal, recalls a devastating flood in 1990 when she had just given birth and had to stay in a dangling bed for two days without much food.
2) The village is prone to frequent flooding and other disasters that damage homes and crops. There was no disaster management system previously.
3) With support from a local NGO, the community formed a disaster management committee and began collecting "fistfuls of rice" daily to stockpile food for emergencies. Rambati is an active participant in these efforts.
1) A total of 2,600 meters of bioengineering riverbank protection works were completed in Bahardar tole of Babiya-8, Sunsari, exceeding the original plan of 1,000 meters due to community demand.
2) The works provided protection to 58 households from annual flooding and erosion of the Sunkoshi River, allowing families to invest in livelihoods without risk of loss of property.
3) The project was implemented through cooperation between the local development committee, disaster management office, and local construction committee with technical support from NGO partners and voluntary labor from the community.
The document summarizes an orientation program on disaster management for children in Nepal. It discusses forming child clubs in 7 communities to raise awareness about disaster preparedness and management among children. The 3-day program educated over 475 children on disaster types, reducing risks, and children's roles and rights during disasters. It resulted in the creation of 7 child club committees to discuss disasters and mobilize awareness campaigns under the guidance of Disaster Management Committees.
1. A 1-day orientation was held for masons on earthquake safety day to train them on constructing safe buildings.
2. The objectives were to inform masons about earthquake safety day, make them aware of building safely, and create an environment for cooperation in safe construction.
3. A total of 30 masons from 3 locations participated and were committed to start constructing earthquake-resistant buildings and follow building codes and standards.
1. The document outlines minimum standards for education in emergencies, protracted crises, and early recovery. It aims to ensure the right to education for all during humanitarian crises.
2. The Inter-agency Network for Education in Emergencies (INEE) developed the standards through a collaborative process, drawing on the expertise of over 20 organizations.
3. The standards cover key areas like community participation, assessment, education policy and coordination to help advocate for, support and implement education during humanitarian emergencies. INEE welcomes new members to help advance these goals.
The project has contributed to achieving the priority actions of the Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) in several ways. It established Disaster Preparedness Committees (DPCs) in six communities to identify risks and develop early warning systems. Financial transparency was maintained through social audits. Emergency funds helped communities conduct preparedness activities. Linking community and village development committee disaster plans helped secure resources. The project identified physical, attitudinal and social risks through vulnerability assessments. Early warning information from the meteorology department was disseminated through local messengers and radio. Simulations helped build knowledge of evacuation procedures.
The document provides context about a cost-benefit analysis conducted for a disaster risk reduction project in Kailali, Nepal. It describes the project, called the Kailali Disaster Risk Reduction Initiative (KDRRI), which was implemented from 2007-2009 in communities vulnerable to flooding. The analysis had two goals: 1) to assess the cost-effectiveness of the KDRRI project and 2) to create a generalizable methodology for evaluating community-based disaster risk reduction projects. Data was collected through surveys and interviews and analyzed using a mathematical model. The analysis found benefit-cost ratios greater than one, indicating the economic benefits of the project exceeded the costs. Specifically, the ratio was estimated to be 3.49, meaning
The document discusses disaster management in Nepal, with a focus on community-based approaches.
Key points:
- Nepal is vulnerable to various natural hazards like floods, landslides, droughts, and earthquakes due to its geology, topography, and climate. Disasters disproportionately impact the poor.
- A livelihood-centered approach to disaster management aims to strengthen communities' resilience by supporting their livelihoods and reducing vulnerabilities. This includes activities like hazard mapping, early warning systems, and diversifying income sources.
- The document outlines Nepal's practical experience with community-based disaster management planning and implementation. Priority areas are selected and community disaster plans developed and linked to development planning.
National platform on drr bidhan 2065 52DIPECHO Nepal
1) The document establishes the National Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction in Nepal, outlining its objectives, membership, structure and functions.
2) It aims to coordinate disaster risk reduction activities nationally and facilitate policy dialogue between stakeholders to develop shared visions and consensus.
3) The National Platform will represent Nepal at global forums and help implement international frameworks like the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030.
Drr focal person workshop completion reportDIPECHO Nepal
The document summarizes a two-day training workshop on mainstreaming disaster risk reduction to the focal desks of the Government of Nepal. The workshop was organized by the Ministry of Home Affairs in collaboration with ActionAid Nepal and supported by the European Commission, Australian Government, and others. It covered topics like disaster management concepts, Nepal's vulnerability to disasters, national and international frameworks for emergency response, and mainstreaming disaster risk reduction into development planning. Government officials from various ministries presented on mainstreaming efforts and challenges. Participants recommended mainstreaming DRR as a priority and holding such workshops regularly to build capacity of focal persons.
Dipecho iii final evaluation bcrd report june 09DIPECHO Nepal
This document provides an overview of disaster preparedness efforts in Nepal led by ActionAid Nepal and funded by the European Commission's Humanitarian Aid Department (ECHO). It discusses Nepal's high risk for various natural disasters and the devastating impacts they have had. The key goals of the Building Community Resilience to Disaster project were to raise awareness, build capacity, and implement small-scale mitigation programs to help vulnerable communities better prepare for and respond to disasters. The project was implemented in three districts over 15 months and aimed to help marginalized groups through training, advocacy, and community mobilization activities.
1. ;f
d'
bf
lo
s k|sf]k–k"j{tof/L
Produced by ECO-Nepal ando r t e d GB y E u with the support of European Commission through its Humanitarian AidA i d d e p afor m e n t
S u p p Oxfam b Nepal r o p e a n C o m m i s s i o n t h r o u g h i t ' s H u m a n i t a r i a n department r t DIPECHO project, 2006, 07
2. k|sf]k–k"jtof/Lsf] cy{
{
;Defljt k|sf]kaf6 hgwgsf] Iflt sd ug{ k|sf]k x'g' klxn] ul/g] ;'/IffTds
sfo{nfO{ k|sf]k–k"jtof/L elgG5 .
{
lrqdf b]vfOPsf lgDg sfo{ k|sf]k–k"jtof/Lsf s]xL pbfx/0f x'g M
{
!= 3/ 5]p5fpsf] 9Ng nfu]sf] ?v x6fpg', @= ?v x6fPkl5 j[Iff/f]k0f ug'{
#= gbLdf t6aGw nufP/ j[Iff/f]kf0f ug', { $= klx/f] uPsf] 7fp“df 6]jf–kvf{n nufpg',
%= gfªuf] tyf phf8 e"lddf j[Iff/f]kf0f u/]/ xl/ofnL a9fpg' .
ef}uf]lns If]q / ;Defljt k|sf]ksf] cj:yf x]/L ;d'bfosf ;a} ;b:osf] k|ToIf
;xeflutfdf ul/g] k|sf]k–k"jtof/LnfO{ ;fd'bflos k|sf]k–k"jtof/L elgG5 .
{ {
Produced by ECO-Nepal ando r t e d GB y E u with the support of European Commission through its Humanitarian AidA i d d e p afor m e n t
S u p p Oxfam b Nepal r o p e a n C o m m i s s i o n t h r o u g h i t ' s H u m a n i t a r i a n department r t DIPECHO project, 2006, 07
3. $
%
!
#
@
Produced by ECO-Nepal ando r t e d GB y E u with the support of European Commission through its Humanitarian AidA i d d e p afor m e n t
S u p p Oxfam b Nepal r o p e a n C o m m i s s i o n t h r o u g h i t ' s H u m a n i t a r i a n department r t DIPECHO project, 2006, 07
4. k|sf]k–k"jtof/Lsf] cfwf/e"t nIo
{
k|sf]k k"jtof/Lsf] of]hgf agfp“bf ;d'bfosf] cfly{s, k|fljlws /
{
z}lIfs cj:yf;“u d]n vfg]u/L ;d'bfos} ;b:ox¿aLr 5nkmn
u/]/ lgDg cg';f/sf p2]Zo lgwf{l/t ug'kb{5 M
{
k|sf]ksf] hf]lvd 36fpg ;fd'bflos ;ªu7g lgdf{0f / Ifdtf clej[l4 ug],
{
k"j–r]tfjgL k|0ffnL, ;+/rgfsf] ;'wf/ / hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf pkfo
{
ckgfpg],
p4f/, /fxt tyf cGo cfjZos ;xof]usf cfwf/ / If]q ;'lglZrt ug],
{
afnaflnsf, j[4, czQm / dlxnfsf] ;'/Iffsf nflu ljz]if Joj:yf ug]{ .
Produced by ECO-Nepal ando r t e d GB y E u with the support of European Commission through its Humanitarian AidA i d d e p afor m e n t
S u p p Oxfam b Nepal r o p e a n C o m m i s s i o n t h r o u g h i t ' s H u m a n i t a r i a n department r t DIPECHO project, 2006, 07
5. Produced by ECO-Nepal ando r t e d GB y E u with the support of European Commission through its Humanitarian AidA i d d e p afor m e n t
S u p p Oxfam b Nepal r o p e a n C o m m i s s i o n t h r o u g h i t ' s H u m a n i t a r i a n department r t DIPECHO project, 2006, 07
6. tflnd tyf Ifdtf clej[l4
k|sf]k–k"jtof/L sfo{ k|f/De ug'cl3 ;d'bfosf ;b:on] lgDg ljifodf 1fg
{ {
lnP/ cfkmgf] Ifdtf clej[l4 ug'{ k5{ M
k|sf]k;DaGwL z}4flGts 1ffg,
k|sf]k–k"jtof/Lsf] cfwf/e"t 1ffg,
{
:yfgLo 1ffg, ;Lk / ;|ftsf] pkof]u;DaGwL hfgsf/L,
]
k"j{tof/Lsf nflu sfo{;"rLsf] lgdf{0f / ;d'bfosf ;b:oaLr
sfo{ l jefhg .
k|sf]k Joj:yfkg / k"jtof/L;DaGwL tflnd tyf 5nkmnsf] cfof]hgf
{
;d'bfod} u/]/ o:tf 1fg tyf hfgsf/Lsf] cfbfgk|bfg ug'{ k5{ .
Produced by ECO-Nepal ando r t e d GB y E u with the support of European Commission through its Humanitarian AidA i d d e p afor m e n t
S u p p Oxfam b Nepal r o p e a n C o m m i s s i o n t h r o u g h i t ' s H u m a n i t a r i a n department r t DIPECHO project, 2006, 07
7. Produced by ECO-Nepal ando r t e d GB y E u with the support of European Commission through its Humanitarian AidA i d d e p afor m e n t
S u p p Oxfam b Nepal r o p e a n C o m m i s s i o n t h r o u g h i t ' s H u m a n i t a r i a n department r t DIPECHO project, 2006, 07
8. vt/f, ;ªs6fled"v / hf]lvd
!= vt/f M k|sf]ksf] 36gf x'g' klxn]sf] 8/nfUbf] cj:yfnfO{ vt/f elgG5 .
lrqsf] v:g nfu]sf] 9'ªuf / cfpFb} u/]sf] af9L vt/f xf] .
@= ;ªs6fled"v M vt/ftkm{ kmls{Psf] jf glhlsPsf] cj:yf g} ;ªs6fled"vtf
xf] . v:g nfu]sf] 9'ªuf tyf af9Ln] Iflt k¥ofpg] cj:yfsf] 3/
jf dflg; ;ªs6fled'v x'g .
#= hf]lvd M vt/f / ;ªs6fled'vsf] ;+of]hg g} k|sf]khGo hf]lvd xf] . klx/f] jf
9'ªufn] 3/ k'g{] tyf af9Ln] aufpg] cj:yf g} hf]lvd xf] .
vt/f -!_ × ;ªs6fled'v -@_ = k|sf]ksf] hf]lvd -#_
Produced by ECO-Nepal ando r t e d GB y E u with the support of European Commission through its Humanitarian AidA i d d e p afor m e n t
S u p p Oxfam b Nepal r o p e a n C o m m i s s i o n t h r o u g h i t ' s H u m a n i t a r i a n department r t DIPECHO project, 2006, 07
9. !
@
@
Produced by ECO-Nepal ando r t e d GB y E u with the support of European Commission through its Humanitarian AidA i d d e p afor m e n t
S u p p Oxfam b Nepal r o p e a n C o m m i s s i o n t h r o u g h i t ' s H u m a n i t a r i a n department r t DIPECHO project, 2006, 07
10. vt/f tyf ;ªs6fled"v / hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f
vt/f / ;ªs6fled"v Joj:yfkg u/L hf]lvd sd ug{ ;lsG5 .
!= n8g nfu]sf] 9'ªuf x6fpg]
@= j[Iff/f]k0f u/L jgsf] ljsf; ug]{
#= 6]jf–kvf{n nufP/ klx/f] /f]Sg] $= t6aGwåf/f gbL lgoGq0f ug]{
:yfgLo k|of;af6 hf]lvd sd ug{ g;lsP ;ªs6fled'v 3/uf]7, kz' / wgdfn
;'/lIft :yfgdf ;f/]/ k|sf]ksf] hf]lvdaf6 ;'/lIft /xg' k5{ .
;d'bfosf] Ifdtf clej[l4 u/L hf]lvd 36fpg] oL k|of; g} k"jtof/Lsf k|dv sfo{ x'g
{ '
hf]lvd =
k"j{tof/L k|sf]khGo hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f
Produced by ECO-Nepal ando r t e d GB y E u with the support of European Commission through its Humanitarian AidA i d d e p afor m e n t
S u p p Oxfam b Nepal r o p e a n C o m m i s s i o n t h r o u g h i t ' s H u m a n i t a r i a n department r t DIPECHO project, 2006, 07
11. ! @
# @
$
Produced by ECO-Nepal ando r t e d GB y E u with the support of European Commission through its Humanitarian AidA i d d e p afor m e n t
S u p p Oxfam b Nepal r o p e a n C o m m i s s i o n t h r o u g h i t ' s H u m a n i t a r i a n department r t DIPECHO project, 2006, 07
12. k|bif0f lgoGq0f, ;/;kmfO / ;'/lIft
"
cfjf;sf] Joj:yf
dxfdf/LhGo k|sf]ksf] /f]syfd ug{ k|bif0f–lgoGq0f tyf ;/;kmfOsf nflu
"
;d'bfosf ;a} ;b:o ldn]/ sfd ug'{ k5{ .
!= 3/uf]7, 6oaj]n, rkL{ ;'/lIft 7fp“df hldgeGbf dfly p7fP/ agfpg] .
'
@= rkL{, 6oja]n jf wf/fsf] k|of]uaf6 lg:sg] kmf]xf]/ lglZrt vfN8f]df
'
xfNg] Joj:yf ldnfpg] .
#= k|sf]k x'bf ;'/lIft 7fpFdf k'Ug af6f]sf] klxrfg ug]{ jf agfpg] .
F
$= ufp“3/ lgoldt ;/;kmfO ug]{ .
Produced by ECO-Nepal ando r t e d GB y E u with the support of European Commission through its Humanitarian AidA i d d e p afor m e n t
S u p p Oxfam b Nepal r o p e a n C o m m i s s i o n t h r o u g h i t ' s H u m a n i t a r i a n department r t DIPECHO project, 2006, 07
13. # !
!
$
!
@ $
Produced by ECO-Nepal ando r t e d GB y E u with the support of European Commission through its Humanitarian AidA i d d e p afor m e n t
S u p p Oxfam b Nepal r o p e a n C o m m i s s i o n t h r o u g h i t ' s H u m a n i t a r i a n department r t DIPECHO project, 2006, 07
14. vfBfGg tyf cf}iflwsf] ;~ro
!= k|sf]ksf] ;dodf cfkTsfnLg vfBfGg cfk"lt{sf lgldQ ;fd'bflos
cGg–e08f/0f sf]if :yfkgf u/L vfB–;'/Iffsf] k|jGw ug]{ .
@= k|sf]k x'g;Sg] ;dodf s]xL lbgsf nflu k'Ug] lrp/f, rfprfp, lj:s'6h:tf
vfBkbfy{ / vfgf ksfpg] tyf vfg] xn'sf ef“8fjt{g cfkTsfnLg
emf]nfdf /fVg] .
#= ;fd'bflos ;xeflutfdf Aof08]h, l;6fdf]n, hLjghn, dndh:tf
k|fylds pkrf/sf ;fdu|L / cf}iflw cfkTsfndf k|of]u ug{ ;Sg]u/L
emf]nfdf ;w}“ /fVg] .
Produced by ECO-Nepal ando r t e d GB y E u with the support of European Commission through its Humanitarian AidA i d d e p afor m e n t
S u p p Oxfam b Nepal r o p e a n C o m m i s s i o n t h r o u g h i t ' s H u m a n i t a r i a n department r t DIPECHO project, 2006, 07
15. ! #
@
Produced by ECO-Nepal ando r t e d GB y E u with the support of European Commission through its Humanitarian AidA i d d e p afor m e n t
S u p p Oxfam b Nepal r o p e a n C o m m i s s i o n t h r o u g h i t ' s H u m a n i t a r i a n department r t DIPECHO project, 2006, 07
16. t6aGw lgdf{0f / e"Ifo lgoGq0f
!= afn'jf e/]sf af]/f /fv]/ gbLsf] axfj lgoGq0f ug]{ .
@= tf/hfnL tyf 9'ªufsf] t6aGw nufpg] .
#= eTs]sf] jf klx/f] uPsf 7fp“df 6]jf–kvf{n nufP/ e"Ifo lgoGq0f ug]{ .
$= afF;sf] h/fn] df6f]nfO{ /fd|/L ;dfpg] x'Fbf gbL lsgf/df afF; /f]Kg] .
;–;fgf t6aGw / 6]jf–kvf{nsf] lgdf{0f ;fd'bflos ;xeflutfdf ug{ ;lsG5 .
7"nf t6aGw lgdf{0f ug{ eg] lhNnfl:yt k|sf]k Joj:yfkg ;ldlt tyf ;DalGwt
lgsfoaf6 ;xof]u lng' k5{ .
Produced by ECO-Nepal ando r t e d GB y E u with the support of European Commission through its Humanitarian AidA i d d e p afor m e n t
S u p p Oxfam b Nepal r o p e a n C o m m i s s i o n t h r o u g h i t ' s H u m a n i t a r i a n department r t DIPECHO project, 2006, 07
17. $
#
! @
Produced by ECO-Nepal ando r t e d GB y E u with the support of European Commission through its Humanitarian AidA i d d e p afor m e n t
S u p p Oxfam b Nepal r o p e a n C o m m i s s i o n t h r o u g h i t ' s H u m a n i t a r i a n department r t DIPECHO project, 2006, 07
18. p4f/ tyf /fxt ;fdu|Lsf] Joj:yf
k|sf]ksf ;dodf kl/jf/ / ;d'bfosf ;b:osf] p4f/ ug{ rflxg] ;fdu|Lsf]
Joj:yf ug'{ k5{ .
!= nfOkm Hofs]6, 6r{nfO6, l;of], wfuf], a]Nrf, s'6f]–sf]bfnf],
v's/L / cGo cfjZos cf}hf/x? emf]nfdf xfn]/ ;lhn}
'
e]l6g] 7fp“df /fVg].
@= af9L cfOxfn]df ;'/lIft 7fp“df hfg rflxg] 8'ªuf, 6oj,
'
6fo/, 8f]/L cflb klg ;lhn} e]6g;lsg] 7fp“df /fVg] .
Produced by ECO-Nepal ando r t e d GB y E u with the support of European Commission through its Humanitarian AidA i d d e p afor m e n t
S u p p Oxfam b Nepal r o p e a n C o m m i s s i o n t h r o u g h i t ' s H u m a n i t a r i a n department r t DIPECHO project, 2006, 07
19. ! @
Produced by ECO-Nepal ando r t e d GB y E u with the support of European Commission through its Humanitarian AidA i d d e p afor m e n t
S u p p Oxfam b Nepal r o p e a n C o m m i s s i o n t h r o u g h i t ' s H u m a n i t a r i a n department r t DIPECHO project, 2006, 07
20. p4f/ tyf /fxtsf nflu cEof;
k|sf]ksf] ;dodf p4f/–sfo{nfO{ r':t / ;kmn agfpg dgf]/~hggfTds
tl/sfaf6 ;fd"lxs cEof; ug'{ k5{ .
afnaflnsf, a"9fa"9L, czQm / dlxnfnfO{ klxnf] k|yfldstf
lbP/ p4f/ ug]{ k|jl[ Qsf] ljsf; ug]{ .
p4f/ tyf /fxt sfo{nfO{ e]befj/lxt agfpg p4f/6f]nLnfO{
;r]t u/fpg] .
p4f/sf nflu ul/g] cEof;sf qmddf dfgjclwsf/ /Iffsf
nflu cfjZos 1fg lng]÷lbg] .
Produced by ECO-Nepal ando r t e d GB y E u with the support of European Commission through its Humanitarian AidA i d d e p afor m e n t
S u p p Oxfam b Nepal r o p e a n C o m m i s s i o n t h r o u g h i t ' s H u m a n i t a r i a n department r t DIPECHO project, 2006, 07
21. Produced by ECO-Nepal ando r t e d GB y E u with the support of European Commission through its Humanitarian AidA i d d e p afor m e n t
S u p p Oxfam b Nepal r o p e a n C o m m i s s i o n t h r o u g h i t ' s H u m a n i t a r i a n department r t DIPECHO project, 2006, 07
22. cf>o:ynsf] Joj:yf
k|sf]k ePsf] cj:yfdf ;'/lIft j;f]jf;sf nflu cfkTsfnLg cfjf;sf]
Joj:yf ldnfpg] .
!= ;fd'bflos 3/ agfpg]
@= ljBfno, :jf:Yo rf}sL tyf cGo ;fj{hlgs ejgsf]
dd{t;Def/ ug]{ .
Produced by ECO-Nepal ando r t e d GB y E u with the support of European Commission through its Humanitarian AidA i d d e p afor m e n t
S u p p Oxfam b Nepal r o p e a n C o m m i s s i o n t h r o u g h i t ' s H u m a n i t a r i a n department r t DIPECHO project, 2006, 07
23. ! @
Produced by ECO-Nepal ando r t e d GB y E u with the support of European Commission through its Humanitarian AidA i d d e p afor m e n t
S u p p Oxfam b Nepal r o p e a n C o m m i s s i o n t h r o u g h i t ' s H u m a n i t a r i a n department r t DIPECHO project, 2006, 07
24. k"j–r]tfjgL k|0ffnLsf] Joj:yf / sfo{ ljefhg
{
!= k|sf]ksf ;dodf ;d'bfonfO{ k"jrtfjgL lbg lgDg Joj:yf ug'k5{ M
{ ] {
af9L jf cGo k|sf]ksf] ;"rgf lbg ;'/lIft 7fp“df s'?jf /fVg] .
k|sf]ksf] ;"rgf ;d'bfonfO{ tTsfn} lbg dfbn, bdfxf, 306L, l;67L
ahfpg] Joj:yf ug]{ .
k"j;rgf lbg] ljlwaf/] s'?jfnfO{ tflnd lbg] .
{ "
@= k|sf]ksf ;dodf ckgfpg'kg]{ ;ts{tf / cfkTsfnLg of]hgf agfO{ sfo{ljefhg
ug]{ .
;d'bfosf ;b:osf] zf/Ll/s tyf dfgl;s Ifdtf jf sfo{bIftf
cg'?k sfo{ljefhg u/L lhDd]jf/L ;'Dkg' k5{ .
Produced by ECO-Nepal ando r t e d GB y E u with the support of European Commission through its Humanitarian AidA i d d e p afor m e n t
S u p p Oxfam b Nepal r o p e a n C o m m i s s i o n t h r o u g h i t ' s H u m a n i t a r i a n department r t DIPECHO project, 2006, 07
25. @
!
Produced by ECO-Nepal ando r t e d GB y E u with the support of European Commission through its Humanitarian AidA i d d e p afor m e n t
S u p p Oxfam b Nepal r o p e a n C o m m i s s i o n t h r o u g h i t ' s H u m a n i t a r i a n department r t DIPECHO project, 2006, 07
26. ;'/lIft If]qdf :yfgfGt/0f
k|sf]khGo 36gf x'g] cj:yf b]lvPdf k|efljt x'g;Sg] ;d'bfonfO{ tTsfn}
;'/lIft :yfgdf n}hfg] k|of; ug'{ k5{ .
!= dfOsaf6 jf 9f]n, dfbn, l;67L cflb ahfP/ ;d'bfonfO{
k|sf]ksf] ;"rgf lbg] .
@= ;'/lIft af6f], sNe6{af6 ;d'bfonfO{ ;'/lIft :yfgtkm{ n}hfg] .
#= a"9fa"9L, afnaflnsf, czQm / dlxnfnfO{ ;'/lIft :yfgdf
n}hfg k|fyldstf lbg] .
$= k|sf]k eOxfn]df cfjZostf cg';f/ p4f/;fdu|Lsf] k|of]u ug]{ .
Produced by ECO-Nepal ando r t e d GB y E u with the support of European Commission through its Humanitarian AidA i d d e p afor m e n t
S u p p Oxfam b Nepal r o p e a n C o m m i s s i o n t h r o u g h i t ' s H u m a n i t a r i a n department r t DIPECHO project, 2006, 07
27. ! @
# #
@
@
!
Produced by ECO-Nepal ando r t e d GB y E u with the support of European Commission through its Humanitarian AidA i d d e p afor m e n t
S u p p Oxfam b Nepal r o p e a n C o m m i s s i o n t h r o u g h i t ' s H u m a n i t a r i a n department r t DIPECHO project, 2006, 07
28. p4f/ tyf :jo+;js kl/rfng
]
k|sf]kaf6 ;'/lIft /xg ul/g] k"jtof/Lsf] sfo{sf ;fy} p4f/ tyf /fxt
{
sfo{nfO{ klg ;d'bfon] cfTd;ft ug'{ k5{ . k|sf]kaf6 ;'/lIft /x]sf
JolQmn] kLl8tsf] p4f/sf nflu :jo+;jssf] ¿kdf sfd ug'{ k5{ .
]
kLl8tsf] p4f/sf nflu nfOkm Hofs]6, 8'ªuf, 6oj, 6fo/,
'
8f]/L cflbsf] k|of]u ug'{ k5{ .
k|sf]kdf k/]sf ;a}nfO{ ljgf e]befj p4f/ ug'{ k5{ .
a"9fa"9L, afnaflnsf, czQm / dlxnfnfO{ p4f/df k|fyldstf
lbg' k5{ .
Produced by ECO-Nepal ando r t e d GB y E u with the support of European Commission through its Humanitarian AidA i d d e p afor m e n t
S u p p Oxfam b Nepal r o p e a n C o m m i s s i o n t h r o u g h i t ' s H u m a n i t a r i a n department r t DIPECHO project, 2006, 07
29. Produced by ECO-Nepal ando r t e d GB y E u with the support of European Commission through its Humanitarian AidA i d d e p afor m e n t
S u p p Oxfam b Nepal r o p e a n C o m m i s s i o n t h r o u g h i t ' s H u m a n i t a r i a n department r t DIPECHO project, 2006, 07
30. p4f/, /fxt tyf hjfkmb]lxtf
k|sf]k x'bf ;/sf/L p4f/ tyf /fxt 6f]nL gcfP;Dd k|sf]kdf k/]sf JolQm
“
tyf ;d'bfosf] p4f/ u/L ltgnfO{ /fxt pknAw u/fpg' ;d'bfosf] klxnf]
st{Jo tyf bfloTj xf] . To;}sf/0fM
!= ;d'bfo :jo+ kl/rflnt x'g] .
@= 36gf:ynaf6 3fOt]nfO{ aflx/ Nofpg] .
#= k|fylds pkrf/ ug]{ / c:ktfn k'¥ofpg] .
$= ;/sf/L lgsfo, k|sf]k Joj:yfkg ;ldlt / ;'/Iff lgsfonfO{
va/ ug]{ .
%= cfkTsfnLg a;f]af; / /fxt ljt/0fsf] Joj:yf ldnfpg] .
^= x/fPsf dflg;sf] vf]hL ug]{
Produced by ECO-Nepal ando r t e d GB y E u with the support of European Commission through its Humanitarian AidA i d d e p afor m e n t
S u p p Oxfam b Nepal r o p e a n C o m m i s s i o n t h r o u g h i t ' s H u m a n i t a r i a n department r t DIPECHO project, 2006, 07
31. $
!
# k|sf]k
@
%
Produced by ECO-Nepal ando r t e d GB y E u with the support of European Commission through its Humanitarian AidA i d d e p afor m e n t
S u p p Oxfam b Nepal r o p e a n C o m m i s s i o n t h r o u g h i t ' s H u m a n i t a r i a n department r t DIPECHO project, 2006, 07