This study investigated the effects of a home exercise program on motor performance in patients with Parkinson's disease. Patients were divided into two groups - an exercise group that received a home exercise schedule and a control group that did not. Both groups were assessed at baseline and after 1 and 2 months. The exercise group showed significant improvements in walking speed, first step length, time to walk around a chair, and hand motor performance compared to the control group. The study concluded that a home-based rehabilitation program can help improve motor function for patients with Parkinson's disease.
This study compared the effects of three exercise interventions on motor performance in patients with Parkinson's disease: LSVT1BIG therapy, Nordic walking, and unsupervised home exercises. Sixty patients were randomly assigned to one of the three groups. The LSVT1BIG group showed a significant mean improvement of 25.05 points on the UPDRS motor score, while the Nordic walking and home exercise groups showed little to no change or mild deterioration. LSVT1BIG therapy was also superior in tests of timed up-and-go and timed 10m walking. There were no significant differences between groups for quality of life. The results provide evidence that LSVT1BIG is an effective technique for improving motor function
EFFECTIVENESS OF ADJUVANT YOGA THERAPY IN DIABETIC LUNG: A RANDOMIZED CONTROL...Yogacharya AB Bhavanani
EFFECTIVENESS OF ADJUVANT YOGA THERAPY IN DIABETIC LUNG: A RANDOMIZED CONTROL TRIAL
Balaji Rajasekaran1, Ananda Balayogi Bhavanani2, Meena Ramanathan3
1 Assistant Professor, Centre for Yogic sciences, Aarupadai Veedu Medical Colleges, Vinayaka Missions Research Foundation, Pondicherry
2 & 3 Director and Deputy Director, Centre for Yoga Therapy, Education and Research, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth, Pondicherry.
E-mail of presenter: balaji.rajasekaran@avmc.edu.in
Abstract:
Context: Recent studies provide ample evidence of the benefits of yoga in various chronic disorders. Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and Sandler coined the term “Diabetic Lung" for the abnormal pulmonary function detected in diabetic patients due underlying pulmonary dysfunction. Yoga therapy may help in achieving better pulmonary function along with enhanced glycaemic control and overall health benefits.
Aim: To study the effect of adjuvant yoga therapy in diabetic lung through spirometry.
Settings and Design: Randomized control trial done as interdisciplinary collaborative work between Yoga Therapy, Pulmonary Medicine and Endocrinology departments of MGMC & RI, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth Puducherry.
Materials and Methods: 72 patients of diabetic lung as confirmed by spirometry (<70% of expected) were randomized and divided equally into control group who received only standard medical treatment and yoga group who received yoga training thrice weekly for 4 months along with that. Yoga therapy protocol included yogic counseling, preparatory practices, Asanas or static postures, Pranayama or breathing techniques and relaxation techniques. Hathenas of the Gitananda Yoga tradition were the main practices used. Spirometry was done at the end of the study period. Data was analyzed by Student’s paired and unpaired ’t’ test as it passed normality.
Results: There was a statistically significant (p < 0.05) reduction in weight, BMI along with a significant (p < 0.01) improvement in pulmonary function (FEV1, FVC) in yoga group as compared to control group where parameters worsened over study period.
Conclusion: It is concluded from the present RCT that yoga has a definite role as an adjuvant therapy as it enhances standard medical care and hence is even more significant in routine clinical management of diabetes, improving physical condition and pulmonary function.
Key words: diabetic lung, PFT, hathenas, yoga therapy
Efficacy of classification-based_cft_in_nsclbpMeziat
Artigo (6) importante para a preparação para o curso de dor lombar crônica. "Eficácia da Terapia Cognitiva Funcional em pacientes com dor lombar crônica inespecífica: ensaio clínico randomizado controlado."
Aim and objective: This retrospective review of clinical data was done to determine cardiovascular effects of a single yoga session in normal subjects as well as patients of different medical conditions. Methods: Data of 1896 patients (1229 female, 633 male and 34 transgender) with mean age of 36.28 ± 12.64 y who attended yoga therapy sessions at CYTER between November 2010 and September 2012 was used for analysis. Heart rate (HR), systolic (SP) and diastolic pressure (DP) had been recorded using non-invasive blood pressure (NIBP) apparatus before and after 60 minute yoga sessions at CYTER and indices like pulse pressure (PP), mean pressure (MP), rate-pressure product (RPP) and double product (DoP) were derived from recorded parameters. Participants were undergoing appropriate yoga therapy protocols as per their individual condition while normal subjects had a general schedule of practice. Typical yoga sessions included simple warm ups (jathis and surya namaskar), breath body movement coordination practices (kriyas), static stretching postures (asana), breathing techniques (pranayama), relaxation and chanting. Results: There were statistically significant (p < 0.001) reductions in all the studied cardiovascular parameters following the yoga session (Tables 1 & 2). The magnitude of reductions differed in the groups, it being more significant in those having hypertension (n = 505) and less significant in those having endocrine/skin (n = 230) and musculoskeletal (n = 120) conditions. It was moderately significant in the normal subjects (n = 582) as well as patients having psychiatric (n = 302) and respiratory (n = 157) conditions. Conclusion: There is a healthy reduction in HR, BP and derived cardiovascular indices following a single yoga session. The magnitude of this reduction depends on the pre-existing medical condition as well as the yoga therapy protocol adopted. These changes may be attributed to enhanced harmony of cardiac autonomic function as a result of coordinated breath-body work and mind-body relaxation due to yoga.
This paper was published in Alternative & Integrative Medicine 2013; 2 (9): 144.
Artigo - Acupuncture and physiotherapy for painful shoulderRenato Almeida
This randomized controlled trial evaluated the efficacy of single-point acupuncture combined with physiotherapy compared to physiotherapy alone for the treatment of painful shoulder. 425 patients with subacromial syndrome received 15 sessions of physiotherapy over 3 weeks along with either weekly acupuncture at point ST38 or sham TENS. Patients receiving acupuncture showed significantly greater improvement in shoulder function scores and reported less analgesic use compared to the control group receiving only physiotherapy. The study demonstrates that adding acupuncture to physiotherapy can more effectively treat painful shoulder conditions.
Objective: To assess the effect of a kinesitherapeutic
program of special exercises for treatment of pain intensity and
endurance of the extensor trunk muscles in patients with
chronic lumbalgy.
Methods: The study included 110 patients with chronic
lumbalgy, equally distributed in two treatment groups.
Participants in the experimental group performed the
recommended special exercises 3 times a week at home, while
those in the control group only followed the guidelines of a
physician. At the beginning of the study and 12 months later,
the pain intensity of all the participants was assessed by means
of Visual Analog Scale.
Results: In contrast to the participants in the control
group, those in the experimental group at the end of observation
were reported to experience a significant reduction in pain
intensity.
Conclusions: Treatment with specific exercises proved
more effective in terms of pain complaints in patients with
chronic lumbalgy.
low back pain with radiating lower limbDrHeeraMani
A randomized controlled trial compared the effectiveness of neural mobilization, lumbar stabilization exercises, and radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy in treating chronic low back pain with radiculopathy. 30 participants were randomly assigned to a treatment group receiving neural mobilization plus exercises and shockwave therapy or a control group receiving exercises and shockwave therapy alone. Both groups showed reduced pain scores after 3 weeks, but only the treatment group demonstrated statistically significant improvements in lumbar range of motion and disability levels. After 6 weeks, statistically significant differences favored the treatment group for all outcome measures.
Comparative effect of 12 weeks of slow and fast pranayama training on pulmona...Yogacharya AB Bhavanani
Comparative effect of 12 weeks of slow and fast pranayama training on pulmonary function in young, healthy volunteers: A randomized controlled trial
T Dinesh, GS Gaur, VK Sharma, T Madanmohan, KT Harichandra Kumar, AB Bhavanani
Abstract
Context: Pranayamas are breathing techniques that exert profound physiological effects on pulmonary, cardiovascular, and mental functions. Previous studies demonstrate that different types of pranayamas produce divergent effects.
Aim: The aim was to compare the effect of 12 weeks of slow and fast pranayama training on pulmonary function in young, healthy volunteers.
Settings and Design: This study was carried out in Departments of Physiology and ACYTER, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry in 2011.
Subjects and Methods: Ninety one healthy volunteers were randomized into slow pranayama group (SPG), n =29, fast pranayama group (FPG), n = 32 and control groups (CG) (n = 30). Supervised pranayama training (SPG: Nadisodhana, Pranav pranayama and Savitri pranayama; FPG: Kapalabhati, Bhastrika and Kukkriya pranayama) was given for 30 min/day, thrice/week for 12 weeks by certified yoga instructors. Pulmonary function parameters (PFT) such as forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV 1 ), ratio between FEV 1 and FVC (FEV 1 /FVC), peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV), and forced expiratory flow 25-75 (FEF 25-75 ), were recorded at baseline and after 12 weeks of pranayama training using the computerized spirometer (Micro laboratory V1.32, England).
Results: In SPG, PEFR, and FEF 25-75 improved significantly (P < 0.05) while other parameters (FVC, FEV 1 , FEV 1 /FVC, and MVV) showed only marginal improvements. In FPG, FEV 1 /FVC, PEFR, and FEF 25-75 parameters improved significantly (P < 0.05), while FVC, FEV 1 , and MVV did not show significant (P > 0.05) change. No significant change was observed in CG.
Conclusion: Twelve weeks of pranayama training in young subjects showed improvement in the commonly measured PFT. This indicates that pranayama training improved pulmonary function and that this was more pronounced in the FPG.
This study compared the effects of three exercise interventions on motor performance in patients with Parkinson's disease: LSVT1BIG therapy, Nordic walking, and unsupervised home exercises. Sixty patients were randomly assigned to one of the three groups. The LSVT1BIG group showed a significant mean improvement of 25.05 points on the UPDRS motor score, while the Nordic walking and home exercise groups showed little to no change or mild deterioration. LSVT1BIG therapy was also superior in tests of timed up-and-go and timed 10m walking. There were no significant differences between groups for quality of life. The results provide evidence that LSVT1BIG is an effective technique for improving motor function
EFFECTIVENESS OF ADJUVANT YOGA THERAPY IN DIABETIC LUNG: A RANDOMIZED CONTROL...Yogacharya AB Bhavanani
EFFECTIVENESS OF ADJUVANT YOGA THERAPY IN DIABETIC LUNG: A RANDOMIZED CONTROL TRIAL
Balaji Rajasekaran1, Ananda Balayogi Bhavanani2, Meena Ramanathan3
1 Assistant Professor, Centre for Yogic sciences, Aarupadai Veedu Medical Colleges, Vinayaka Missions Research Foundation, Pondicherry
2 & 3 Director and Deputy Director, Centre for Yoga Therapy, Education and Research, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth, Pondicherry.
E-mail of presenter: balaji.rajasekaran@avmc.edu.in
Abstract:
Context: Recent studies provide ample evidence of the benefits of yoga in various chronic disorders. Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and Sandler coined the term “Diabetic Lung" for the abnormal pulmonary function detected in diabetic patients due underlying pulmonary dysfunction. Yoga therapy may help in achieving better pulmonary function along with enhanced glycaemic control and overall health benefits.
Aim: To study the effect of adjuvant yoga therapy in diabetic lung through spirometry.
Settings and Design: Randomized control trial done as interdisciplinary collaborative work between Yoga Therapy, Pulmonary Medicine and Endocrinology departments of MGMC & RI, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth Puducherry.
Materials and Methods: 72 patients of diabetic lung as confirmed by spirometry (<70% of expected) were randomized and divided equally into control group who received only standard medical treatment and yoga group who received yoga training thrice weekly for 4 months along with that. Yoga therapy protocol included yogic counseling, preparatory practices, Asanas or static postures, Pranayama or breathing techniques and relaxation techniques. Hathenas of the Gitananda Yoga tradition were the main practices used. Spirometry was done at the end of the study period. Data was analyzed by Student’s paired and unpaired ’t’ test as it passed normality.
Results: There was a statistically significant (p < 0.05) reduction in weight, BMI along with a significant (p < 0.01) improvement in pulmonary function (FEV1, FVC) in yoga group as compared to control group where parameters worsened over study period.
Conclusion: It is concluded from the present RCT that yoga has a definite role as an adjuvant therapy as it enhances standard medical care and hence is even more significant in routine clinical management of diabetes, improving physical condition and pulmonary function.
Key words: diabetic lung, PFT, hathenas, yoga therapy
Efficacy of classification-based_cft_in_nsclbpMeziat
Artigo (6) importante para a preparação para o curso de dor lombar crônica. "Eficácia da Terapia Cognitiva Funcional em pacientes com dor lombar crônica inespecífica: ensaio clínico randomizado controlado."
Aim and objective: This retrospective review of clinical data was done to determine cardiovascular effects of a single yoga session in normal subjects as well as patients of different medical conditions. Methods: Data of 1896 patients (1229 female, 633 male and 34 transgender) with mean age of 36.28 ± 12.64 y who attended yoga therapy sessions at CYTER between November 2010 and September 2012 was used for analysis. Heart rate (HR), systolic (SP) and diastolic pressure (DP) had been recorded using non-invasive blood pressure (NIBP) apparatus before and after 60 minute yoga sessions at CYTER and indices like pulse pressure (PP), mean pressure (MP), rate-pressure product (RPP) and double product (DoP) were derived from recorded parameters. Participants were undergoing appropriate yoga therapy protocols as per their individual condition while normal subjects had a general schedule of practice. Typical yoga sessions included simple warm ups (jathis and surya namaskar), breath body movement coordination practices (kriyas), static stretching postures (asana), breathing techniques (pranayama), relaxation and chanting. Results: There were statistically significant (p < 0.001) reductions in all the studied cardiovascular parameters following the yoga session (Tables 1 & 2). The magnitude of reductions differed in the groups, it being more significant in those having hypertension (n = 505) and less significant in those having endocrine/skin (n = 230) and musculoskeletal (n = 120) conditions. It was moderately significant in the normal subjects (n = 582) as well as patients having psychiatric (n = 302) and respiratory (n = 157) conditions. Conclusion: There is a healthy reduction in HR, BP and derived cardiovascular indices following a single yoga session. The magnitude of this reduction depends on the pre-existing medical condition as well as the yoga therapy protocol adopted. These changes may be attributed to enhanced harmony of cardiac autonomic function as a result of coordinated breath-body work and mind-body relaxation due to yoga.
This paper was published in Alternative & Integrative Medicine 2013; 2 (9): 144.
Artigo - Acupuncture and physiotherapy for painful shoulderRenato Almeida
This randomized controlled trial evaluated the efficacy of single-point acupuncture combined with physiotherapy compared to physiotherapy alone for the treatment of painful shoulder. 425 patients with subacromial syndrome received 15 sessions of physiotherapy over 3 weeks along with either weekly acupuncture at point ST38 or sham TENS. Patients receiving acupuncture showed significantly greater improvement in shoulder function scores and reported less analgesic use compared to the control group receiving only physiotherapy. The study demonstrates that adding acupuncture to physiotherapy can more effectively treat painful shoulder conditions.
Objective: To assess the effect of a kinesitherapeutic
program of special exercises for treatment of pain intensity and
endurance of the extensor trunk muscles in patients with
chronic lumbalgy.
Methods: The study included 110 patients with chronic
lumbalgy, equally distributed in two treatment groups.
Participants in the experimental group performed the
recommended special exercises 3 times a week at home, while
those in the control group only followed the guidelines of a
physician. At the beginning of the study and 12 months later,
the pain intensity of all the participants was assessed by means
of Visual Analog Scale.
Results: In contrast to the participants in the control
group, those in the experimental group at the end of observation
were reported to experience a significant reduction in pain
intensity.
Conclusions: Treatment with specific exercises proved
more effective in terms of pain complaints in patients with
chronic lumbalgy.
low back pain with radiating lower limbDrHeeraMani
A randomized controlled trial compared the effectiveness of neural mobilization, lumbar stabilization exercises, and radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy in treating chronic low back pain with radiculopathy. 30 participants were randomly assigned to a treatment group receiving neural mobilization plus exercises and shockwave therapy or a control group receiving exercises and shockwave therapy alone. Both groups showed reduced pain scores after 3 weeks, but only the treatment group demonstrated statistically significant improvements in lumbar range of motion and disability levels. After 6 weeks, statistically significant differences favored the treatment group for all outcome measures.
Comparative effect of 12 weeks of slow and fast pranayama training on pulmona...Yogacharya AB Bhavanani
Comparative effect of 12 weeks of slow and fast pranayama training on pulmonary function in young, healthy volunteers: A randomized controlled trial
T Dinesh, GS Gaur, VK Sharma, T Madanmohan, KT Harichandra Kumar, AB Bhavanani
Abstract
Context: Pranayamas are breathing techniques that exert profound physiological effects on pulmonary, cardiovascular, and mental functions. Previous studies demonstrate that different types of pranayamas produce divergent effects.
Aim: The aim was to compare the effect of 12 weeks of slow and fast pranayama training on pulmonary function in young, healthy volunteers.
Settings and Design: This study was carried out in Departments of Physiology and ACYTER, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry in 2011.
Subjects and Methods: Ninety one healthy volunteers were randomized into slow pranayama group (SPG), n =29, fast pranayama group (FPG), n = 32 and control groups (CG) (n = 30). Supervised pranayama training (SPG: Nadisodhana, Pranav pranayama and Savitri pranayama; FPG: Kapalabhati, Bhastrika and Kukkriya pranayama) was given for 30 min/day, thrice/week for 12 weeks by certified yoga instructors. Pulmonary function parameters (PFT) such as forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV 1 ), ratio between FEV 1 and FVC (FEV 1 /FVC), peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV), and forced expiratory flow 25-75 (FEF 25-75 ), were recorded at baseline and after 12 weeks of pranayama training using the computerized spirometer (Micro laboratory V1.32, England).
Results: In SPG, PEFR, and FEF 25-75 improved significantly (P < 0.05) while other parameters (FVC, FEV 1 , FEV 1 /FVC, and MVV) showed only marginal improvements. In FPG, FEV 1 /FVC, PEFR, and FEF 25-75 parameters improved significantly (P < 0.05), while FVC, FEV 1 , and MVV did not show significant (P > 0.05) change. No significant change was observed in CG.
Conclusion: Twelve weeks of pranayama training in young subjects showed improvement in the commonly measured PFT. This indicates that pranayama training improved pulmonary function and that this was more pronounced in the FPG.
Comparison of Task Oriented Approach Versus Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Faci...ijtsrd
INTRODUCTION Stroke rehabilitation is an organized endeavour to help patients to maximize all opportunities for returning to an active lifestyle. Early intervention in acute stroke rehabilitation plays a major role in restoration of function and reducing the degree of disability and dependence for ADL’s and ambulation. Neuro rehabilitation is a method for relearning a previously learned task in a different way, either by compensatory strategies or by adaptively recruiting alternative pathway. Selection of appropriate and best neuro rehabilitation is critical.OBJECTIVE To compare whether task oriented approach is better than propioceptive neuromuscular facilitation on functional ambulation of stroke patients.DESIGN Single centre randomized control trial.SETTING Occupational Therapy department, Swami Vivekananda National Institute of Rehabilitation Training and Research, Olatpur, Odisha, 754010PARTICIPANTS All participants who fulfill the inclusion criteria randomly assigned to two groups. Following this a baseline assessment of Functional gait assessment scale was done at the beginning of the study.INTERVENTION All participants continued to receive conventional occupational therapy throughout the entire duration of study. Participants received an additional specific intervention one group task oriented approach and the second group PNF approach .Subjects of both the group were provided therapy sessions 45minutes per session 5 days a week for two months.OUTCOME MEASURE Functional Gait Assessment ScaleRESULT From the statistical result of this study, it is seen that there is no significance difference in FGA scale between two groups. This data suggests that TOA and PNF approaches are equally efficacious in treating functional ambulation in stroke patients and there is a significant improvement within the two experimental group.CONCLUSION There has been considerable debate regarding the comparative effectiveness of various treatment approaches with stroke patients. This study is not able to identify any differences between the groups that received Task oriented approach and the group that received Propioceptive neuromuscular facilitation treatment .On the basis of the finding s of this study occupational therapist can consider using either approach in planning treatment for functional ambulation in stroke patients. Rakesh Mahapatra | Mr. Rama Kumar Sahu "Comparison of Task Oriented Approach Versus Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Technique on Functional Ambulation in Stroke Patients" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-1 , December 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38237.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/38237/comparison-of-task-oriented-approach-versus-proprioceptive-neuromuscular-facilitation-technique-on-functional-ambulation-in-stroke-patients/rakesh-mahapatra
Biofeedback as an assessment tool in measuring effectiveness of alternate nos...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
Methyl prednisolone in infantile spasm journal presentationshukur ullah
1. This study investigated the short-term effects of intravenous methylprednisolone (MPD) pulse therapy as a first-line treatment for 14 patients with newly diagnosed infantile spasms.
2. 64.3% of patients achieved cessation of spasms within 3 days on average. 55.6% remained spasm-free after 3 months, and the overall spasm freedom rate was 78.6%.
3. Adverse effects were minor, with irritability in 3 patients and lower respiratory infection in 1 patient. MPD pulse therapy shows promise as a safe and effective initial treatment for infantile spasms.
Spinal manipulation therapy (SMT) was more effective than medication for relieving acute or subacute neck pain in both the short and long term. Home exercise with advice (HEA) resulted in similar pain outcomes to SMT at most time points. For 272 participants with neck pain lasting 2-12 weeks, SMT had statistically significantly less pain than medication after 8 weeks and up to 1 year later. HEA was superior to medication for pain relief at 26 weeks. No important differences in pain were found between SMT and HEA. The trial demonstrated that SMT and HEA were both more effective than medication for acute or subacute neck pain.
1. This document provides summaries of 4 recent studies related to chiropractic care, beginning with a major study published in Annals of Internal Medicine that found spinal manipulative therapy and home exercises were superior to medication for neck pain.
2. The second study summarized was the first randomized controlled trial to examine chiropractic management for patients with chest pain, finding that chiropractic patients improved significantly more than those receiving self-management.
3. References and appendices are provided for each study summarized. The document concludes by commenting on how chiropractic addresses the mechanical cause of problems rather than just symptoms.
This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of capacitive resistive monopolar radiofrequency (CRMRF) at 448 kHz as an adjunct treatment to physiotherapeutic techniques for reducing pain and improving quality of life in patients with chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS). The study involves an 80-patient randomized controlled trial comparing a CRMRF activated group to a CRMRF deactivated group, both receiving physiotherapy. Outcome measures include pain levels, quality of life, kinesiophobia, and catastrophizing, which will be assessed at baseline and weeks 6 and 10. The results may show whether CRMRF provides benefits when added to physiotherapy and pain education for CPPS patients.
1) The study aimed to evaluate the effects of capacitive and resistive electric transfer (CRet) and hotpack (HP) on hemoglobin saturation and tissue temperature in the lower paraspinal muscle of 13 healthy males.
2) Total hemoglobin and oxygenated hemoglobin were significantly higher in the CRet group than the HP group for 30 minutes after intervention. Tissue temperature at 10mm and 20mm depths were also significantly higher in the CRet group than HP group from 10 to 30 minutes after intervention.
3) Both CRet and HP increased hemoglobin saturation and tissue temperature more than the sham intervention. However, the effect on hemoglobin saturation was greater with CRet, and CRet warmed
This document provides recommendations for implementing a multidisciplinary approach to managing Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). It discusses:
1) Physical therapy interventions like stretching, bracing, and assistive devices to prevent contractures and maintain mobility.
2) Surgical options for contractures depending on the patient's ambulatory stage, including tendon lengthening and transfers.
3) Recommendations for exercise emphasizing submaximum aerobic activity and avoiding high resistance to prevent injury.
This document summarizes and compares different models of back schools for treating chronic low back pain. It discusses the original Swedish back school model and how various programs have modified the content, format, and length. Several recent randomized controlled trials that compared different back school models to other treatments are highlighted. The studies found that back schools based on biopsychosocial principles led to better long-term outcomes than traditional models. Spinal manipulation was also found to result in lower disability scores compared to back school or individual physiotherapy. Overall, back schools may be considered as part of multidisciplinary treatment, though more research is still needed.
Hydrotheraphy untuk anak Rett Syndrome (jurnal)Elya Afifah
This case report investigated the effects of hydrotherapy on an 11-year-old girl with Rett syndrome. The girl underwent hydrotherapy twice a week for 8 weeks using the Halliwick method. Her physical abilities were assessed before, during, and after the hydrotherapy sessions. The hydrotherapy reduced her stereotypical hand movements and improved her feeding skills, hand skills, walking balance, and interactions. The report concluded that hydrotherapy may decrease stereotypical movements and increase purposeful hand functions for individuals with Rett syndrome.
Does a standard outpatient physiotherapy regime improve the range of knee mot...FUAD HAZIME
This study investigated whether a standard outpatient physiotherapy regime improved range of knee motion after primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA). 150 patients were randomly assigned to either receive 6 weeks of outpatient physiotherapy after TKA (Group A) or no outpatient physiotherapy (Group B). Range of motion measurements found that while Group A achieved greater flexion than Group B, the difference was not statistically significant. The study concluded that outpatient physiotherapy does not improve range of knee motion after primary TKA.
1) Rats received a traumatic brain injury or sham injury and were then housed in either standard or abbreviated environmental enrichment conditions for varying time periods (2, 4, or 6 hours per day).
2) Rats housed in abbreviated environmental enrichment for 6 hours per day showed significantly better motor and cognitive recovery compared to standard housed rats, and performed similarly to rats in continuous environmental enrichment.
3) Abbreviated environmental enrichment for 6 hours per day may be a relevant rehabilitation model for traumatic brain injury, as it produces benefits similar to continuous enrichment but with a duration more comparable to clinical rehabilitation timeframes.
1) This study aims to compare the effectiveness of mat Pilates versus equipment-based Pilates for patients with chronic low back pain through a randomized controlled trial.
2) Eighty-six patients will be randomly assigned to either a Mat Pilates group performing exercises on the ground or an Equipment-based Pilates group using equipment like the Cadillac, Reformer, and others.
3) Outcomes related to disability, pain, function, and patient perceptions will be measured at baseline and 6 weeks and 6 months post-randomization to evaluate the effectiveness of each approach.
This document summarizes and discusses several articles on physical medicine and rehabilitation (PMR) topics that were published in recent issues of various journals. The articles cover a range of topics including the treatment of 12th rib syndrome, the use of the tourniquet ischemia test to diagnose complex regional pain syndrome, physiotherapy interventions for treating spasticity, a telehealth intervention to increase fitness for those with spinal cord injuries, spinal cord involvement in COVID-19, the use of local anesthetic injections in athletes, and a comparison of video-based and text-based physical activity interventions. The document also provides an introduction and welcome from the editor as well as information about new contributors.
Exergames for Patients in Acute Care Settings: Systematic Review of the Repor...Games for Health Europe
TRACK 7 (1)| SELF MANAGEMENT PART 2 | DAY 2 - 1 NOV 2016
Ruud Krols, Senior Researcher & physiotherapist | University Hospital Zurich (CH)
Games for Health Europe 2016
The study evaluated the efficacy of paraffin bath therapy for hand osteoarthritis. 56 patients were randomly assigned to either a treatment group receiving paraffin baths or a control group. Outcome measures including pain, hand function, range of motion and strength were assessed at baseline, 3 weeks and 12 weeks. At 12 weeks, the treatment group showed significantly greater improvements in pain, range of motion and strength compared to the control group. Paraffin bath therapy appeared effective in reducing pain and maintaining strength for hand osteoarthritis over 12 weeks.
Промени в библиотеките - технологии и ангажираностSilva Vasileva
Доклад от Национална конференция с международно участие, Шумен, 2011 г.
Библиотеката като част от информационното пространство - анализ на посетители и търсения в Регионална библиотека "Любен Каравелов" - Русе
This document lists factors that can contribute to social exclusion and poverty, such as relationship and family problems, mental health issues, unemployment, physical or mental disabilities, language barriers, and criminal histories. It also notes that improved access to affordable financial services, credit, and support could help increase incomes, reduce costs and stress, and boost confidence for those experiencing social exclusion. Barriers include exclusion from mainstream services, transportation issues, language barriers, stigma, and low financial or motivational capabilities.
How you can go mobile with Appzfusion Mobile Solution. We give you the cutting edge HTML5 mobile experience on a web based. Using our powerful backend marketing platform, you are able to send text message in an instant go!
Comparison of Task Oriented Approach Versus Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Faci...ijtsrd
INTRODUCTION Stroke rehabilitation is an organized endeavour to help patients to maximize all opportunities for returning to an active lifestyle. Early intervention in acute stroke rehabilitation plays a major role in restoration of function and reducing the degree of disability and dependence for ADL’s and ambulation. Neuro rehabilitation is a method for relearning a previously learned task in a different way, either by compensatory strategies or by adaptively recruiting alternative pathway. Selection of appropriate and best neuro rehabilitation is critical.OBJECTIVE To compare whether task oriented approach is better than propioceptive neuromuscular facilitation on functional ambulation of stroke patients.DESIGN Single centre randomized control trial.SETTING Occupational Therapy department, Swami Vivekananda National Institute of Rehabilitation Training and Research, Olatpur, Odisha, 754010PARTICIPANTS All participants who fulfill the inclusion criteria randomly assigned to two groups. Following this a baseline assessment of Functional gait assessment scale was done at the beginning of the study.INTERVENTION All participants continued to receive conventional occupational therapy throughout the entire duration of study. Participants received an additional specific intervention one group task oriented approach and the second group PNF approach .Subjects of both the group were provided therapy sessions 45minutes per session 5 days a week for two months.OUTCOME MEASURE Functional Gait Assessment ScaleRESULT From the statistical result of this study, it is seen that there is no significance difference in FGA scale between two groups. This data suggests that TOA and PNF approaches are equally efficacious in treating functional ambulation in stroke patients and there is a significant improvement within the two experimental group.CONCLUSION There has been considerable debate regarding the comparative effectiveness of various treatment approaches with stroke patients. This study is not able to identify any differences between the groups that received Task oriented approach and the group that received Propioceptive neuromuscular facilitation treatment .On the basis of the finding s of this study occupational therapist can consider using either approach in planning treatment for functional ambulation in stroke patients. Rakesh Mahapatra | Mr. Rama Kumar Sahu "Comparison of Task Oriented Approach Versus Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Technique on Functional Ambulation in Stroke Patients" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-1 , December 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38237.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/38237/comparison-of-task-oriented-approach-versus-proprioceptive-neuromuscular-facilitation-technique-on-functional-ambulation-in-stroke-patients/rakesh-mahapatra
Biofeedback as an assessment tool in measuring effectiveness of alternate nos...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
Methyl prednisolone in infantile spasm journal presentationshukur ullah
1. This study investigated the short-term effects of intravenous methylprednisolone (MPD) pulse therapy as a first-line treatment for 14 patients with newly diagnosed infantile spasms.
2. 64.3% of patients achieved cessation of spasms within 3 days on average. 55.6% remained spasm-free after 3 months, and the overall spasm freedom rate was 78.6%.
3. Adverse effects were minor, with irritability in 3 patients and lower respiratory infection in 1 patient. MPD pulse therapy shows promise as a safe and effective initial treatment for infantile spasms.
Spinal manipulation therapy (SMT) was more effective than medication for relieving acute or subacute neck pain in both the short and long term. Home exercise with advice (HEA) resulted in similar pain outcomes to SMT at most time points. For 272 participants with neck pain lasting 2-12 weeks, SMT had statistically significantly less pain than medication after 8 weeks and up to 1 year later. HEA was superior to medication for pain relief at 26 weeks. No important differences in pain were found between SMT and HEA. The trial demonstrated that SMT and HEA were both more effective than medication for acute or subacute neck pain.
1. This document provides summaries of 4 recent studies related to chiropractic care, beginning with a major study published in Annals of Internal Medicine that found spinal manipulative therapy and home exercises were superior to medication for neck pain.
2. The second study summarized was the first randomized controlled trial to examine chiropractic management for patients with chest pain, finding that chiropractic patients improved significantly more than those receiving self-management.
3. References and appendices are provided for each study summarized. The document concludes by commenting on how chiropractic addresses the mechanical cause of problems rather than just symptoms.
This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of capacitive resistive monopolar radiofrequency (CRMRF) at 448 kHz as an adjunct treatment to physiotherapeutic techniques for reducing pain and improving quality of life in patients with chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS). The study involves an 80-patient randomized controlled trial comparing a CRMRF activated group to a CRMRF deactivated group, both receiving physiotherapy. Outcome measures include pain levels, quality of life, kinesiophobia, and catastrophizing, which will be assessed at baseline and weeks 6 and 10. The results may show whether CRMRF provides benefits when added to physiotherapy and pain education for CPPS patients.
1) The study aimed to evaluate the effects of capacitive and resistive electric transfer (CRet) and hotpack (HP) on hemoglobin saturation and tissue temperature in the lower paraspinal muscle of 13 healthy males.
2) Total hemoglobin and oxygenated hemoglobin were significantly higher in the CRet group than the HP group for 30 minutes after intervention. Tissue temperature at 10mm and 20mm depths were also significantly higher in the CRet group than HP group from 10 to 30 minutes after intervention.
3) Both CRet and HP increased hemoglobin saturation and tissue temperature more than the sham intervention. However, the effect on hemoglobin saturation was greater with CRet, and CRet warmed
This document provides recommendations for implementing a multidisciplinary approach to managing Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). It discusses:
1) Physical therapy interventions like stretching, bracing, and assistive devices to prevent contractures and maintain mobility.
2) Surgical options for contractures depending on the patient's ambulatory stage, including tendon lengthening and transfers.
3) Recommendations for exercise emphasizing submaximum aerobic activity and avoiding high resistance to prevent injury.
This document summarizes and compares different models of back schools for treating chronic low back pain. It discusses the original Swedish back school model and how various programs have modified the content, format, and length. Several recent randomized controlled trials that compared different back school models to other treatments are highlighted. The studies found that back schools based on biopsychosocial principles led to better long-term outcomes than traditional models. Spinal manipulation was also found to result in lower disability scores compared to back school or individual physiotherapy. Overall, back schools may be considered as part of multidisciplinary treatment, though more research is still needed.
Hydrotheraphy untuk anak Rett Syndrome (jurnal)Elya Afifah
This case report investigated the effects of hydrotherapy on an 11-year-old girl with Rett syndrome. The girl underwent hydrotherapy twice a week for 8 weeks using the Halliwick method. Her physical abilities were assessed before, during, and after the hydrotherapy sessions. The hydrotherapy reduced her stereotypical hand movements and improved her feeding skills, hand skills, walking balance, and interactions. The report concluded that hydrotherapy may decrease stereotypical movements and increase purposeful hand functions for individuals with Rett syndrome.
Does a standard outpatient physiotherapy regime improve the range of knee mot...FUAD HAZIME
This study investigated whether a standard outpatient physiotherapy regime improved range of knee motion after primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA). 150 patients were randomly assigned to either receive 6 weeks of outpatient physiotherapy after TKA (Group A) or no outpatient physiotherapy (Group B). Range of motion measurements found that while Group A achieved greater flexion than Group B, the difference was not statistically significant. The study concluded that outpatient physiotherapy does not improve range of knee motion after primary TKA.
1) Rats received a traumatic brain injury or sham injury and were then housed in either standard or abbreviated environmental enrichment conditions for varying time periods (2, 4, or 6 hours per day).
2) Rats housed in abbreviated environmental enrichment for 6 hours per day showed significantly better motor and cognitive recovery compared to standard housed rats, and performed similarly to rats in continuous environmental enrichment.
3) Abbreviated environmental enrichment for 6 hours per day may be a relevant rehabilitation model for traumatic brain injury, as it produces benefits similar to continuous enrichment but with a duration more comparable to clinical rehabilitation timeframes.
1) This study aims to compare the effectiveness of mat Pilates versus equipment-based Pilates for patients with chronic low back pain through a randomized controlled trial.
2) Eighty-six patients will be randomly assigned to either a Mat Pilates group performing exercises on the ground or an Equipment-based Pilates group using equipment like the Cadillac, Reformer, and others.
3) Outcomes related to disability, pain, function, and patient perceptions will be measured at baseline and 6 weeks and 6 months post-randomization to evaluate the effectiveness of each approach.
This document summarizes and discusses several articles on physical medicine and rehabilitation (PMR) topics that were published in recent issues of various journals. The articles cover a range of topics including the treatment of 12th rib syndrome, the use of the tourniquet ischemia test to diagnose complex regional pain syndrome, physiotherapy interventions for treating spasticity, a telehealth intervention to increase fitness for those with spinal cord injuries, spinal cord involvement in COVID-19, the use of local anesthetic injections in athletes, and a comparison of video-based and text-based physical activity interventions. The document also provides an introduction and welcome from the editor as well as information about new contributors.
Exergames for Patients in Acute Care Settings: Systematic Review of the Repor...Games for Health Europe
TRACK 7 (1)| SELF MANAGEMENT PART 2 | DAY 2 - 1 NOV 2016
Ruud Krols, Senior Researcher & physiotherapist | University Hospital Zurich (CH)
Games for Health Europe 2016
The study evaluated the efficacy of paraffin bath therapy for hand osteoarthritis. 56 patients were randomly assigned to either a treatment group receiving paraffin baths or a control group. Outcome measures including pain, hand function, range of motion and strength were assessed at baseline, 3 weeks and 12 weeks. At 12 weeks, the treatment group showed significantly greater improvements in pain, range of motion and strength compared to the control group. Paraffin bath therapy appeared effective in reducing pain and maintaining strength for hand osteoarthritis over 12 weeks.
Промени в библиотеките - технологии и ангажираностSilva Vasileva
Доклад от Национална конференция с международно участие, Шумен, 2011 г.
Библиотеката като част от информационното пространство - анализ на посетители и търсения в Регионална библиотека "Любен Каравелов" - Русе
This document lists factors that can contribute to social exclusion and poverty, such as relationship and family problems, mental health issues, unemployment, physical or mental disabilities, language barriers, and criminal histories. It also notes that improved access to affordable financial services, credit, and support could help increase incomes, reduce costs and stress, and boost confidence for those experiencing social exclusion. Barriers include exclusion from mainstream services, transportation issues, language barriers, stigma, and low financial or motivational capabilities.
How you can go mobile with Appzfusion Mobile Solution. We give you the cutting edge HTML5 mobile experience on a web based. Using our powerful backend marketing platform, you are able to send text message in an instant go!
This presentation explores suffixes related to the nervous system. The suffixes -algesia and -esthesia are discussed. -Algesia means pain or sensitivity to pain and is seen in terms like analgesia, hypalgesia, and hyperalgesia. -Esthesia means feeling or sensation and appears in words like anesthesia, hyperesthesia, and paresthesia. Anesthesia and analgesia are important medical concepts that allow patients to undergo surgery or procedures without pain through use of pharmacological agents that block pain receptors. There are local, regional, and general types of anesthesia. Anesthetics and analgesics are drugs that produce loss of sensation or treat pain, respectively.
Kamran Kakar is seeking a challenging position in domestic or international services utilizing his expertise in petroleum and gas engineering. He holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Petroleum and Gas Engineering from Balochistan University of Information Technology and Management Sciences with a 3.78 CGPA. His academic record also includes a BA in Political Science, Sociology and Pashto from the University of Balochistan. He has completed internships in oil and gas fields and companies and holds English and computer skills certificates.
This document provides information on financial inclusion, including defining what it means, its impacts, and resources available to address it. It notes that financial inclusion is about providing access to financial services and products to fully participate in society. It also discusses factors that may contribute to financial exclusion, such as income level, and impacts such as being in fuel poverty. The document outlines how to identify financial inclusion issues and provides guidance on signposting or referring clients to appropriate resources and organizations for support.
The document discusses the female reproductive system and related topics. It defines gynecology as the medical specialty focused on the female reproductive organs. A gynecologist is a physician who specializes in treating women. Gestation refers to the approximately 40 week period of fetal development from fertilization to birth.
Kamran Kakar is seeking a challenging position in domestic or international services utilizing his expertise in petroleum and gas engineering. He holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Petroleum and Gas Engineering from Balochistan University of Information Technology and Management Sciences with a 3.78 CGPA. His academic record also includes a BA in Political Science, Sociology and Pashto from the University of Balochistan. He has completed internships in oil and gas fields and companies and holds English and computer skills certificates.
El documento proporcionado no contiene texto para resumir. Consiste únicamente de un nombre de usuario "antonijassen". No puedo generar un resumen útil con solo un nombre de usuario sin contexto adicional.
This document summarizes key terms related to the digestive system. It defines bite-wing x-rays as dental x-rays used to view posterior teeth, and explains they are used to examine interdental caries and bone loss. It describes serum bilirubin as a blood test that measures bilirubin levels, which are elevated in conditions like hepatitis or gallstones. Lavage is explained as using a nasogastric tube to clean out stomach contents, often after overdoses or before surgery. Finally, anastomosis is defined as the surgical connection of two organs or vessels, like rejoining sections of intestines after removal of a part.
Cardiovascular diagnostic procedures explore the function and health of the heart and blood vessels. The three procedures discussed are cardiac enzymes, stress testing, and echocardiography. Cardiac enzymes measure levels of specific enzymes in the blood related to heart injury. Stress testing evaluates heart function and stress tolerance using exercise. Echocardiography uses ultrasound to create images of the heart and assess function, heart disease, and treatment effectiveness. These procedures provide crucial information for diagnosing and treating cardiovascular abnormalities and disease.
The document outlines Money Advice Service's proposed framework for debt advice standards and quality assurance. It proposes:
1) Establishing organizational and individual standards for debt advice based on existing frameworks like National Occupational Standards.
2) Developing a quality framework that existing standards can be assessed against for accreditation. Standards owners would work to map their standards to the framework.
3) An accreditation process where standards, qualifications and trainings can be regularly reviewed and mapped against the framework. Organizations would need to adhere to an accredited standard to receive funding.
The document provides details on the proposed standards, workshops to gather feedback, and next steps of consulting stakeholders before finalizing and publishing the response
This study evaluated the quality of life of 30 patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain who underwent one of three physical therapy treatments: isostretching, global postural reeducation (GPR), or a combination of the two. Quality of life was assessed before treatment, after 3 months of treatment, and 2 months post-treatment using the SF-36 questionnaire and a pain scale. Both physical therapy techniques significantly reduced pain and improved quality of life, with greater pain reduction when techniques were combined. At follow-up, GPR was more effective at maintaining improvements in pain, while isostretching was more effective for quality of life. The physical therapy techniques effectively treated chronic low back pain by reducing pain and improving quality of life
Intensive therapy involves 45-60 hours of therapy over 3-4 weeks, with sessions lasting 3-4 hours per day. It uses strength training and repetitive movements to improve functional mobility. Therapy is broken into preparation and secondary phases, and patients are given home exercise programs. Studies show intensive therapy can improve gross motor skills in patients with neurological and orthopedic conditions, though more research is still needed.
Intensive therapy involves 45-60 hours of therapy over 3-4 weeks, with sessions lasting 3-4 hours per day. It uses strength training and repetitive movements to improve functional mobility. Therapy is broken into preparation and secondary phases, and patients are given home exercise programs. While evidence is limited, studies show intensive therapy can significantly improve gross motor skills in patients with conditions like cerebral palsy. Further research is still needed to determine long-term effects.
This study aims to reduce gait disabilities in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) who have a history of freezing of gait (FOG) through a home-based stationary bike exercise program. Thirty individuals with PD will participate, with 15 having a history of FOG. Participants will complete testing both off and on medication and then exercise 3 times per week for 3 months via telemedicine-monitored stationary biking. Testing will be repeated after to compare results between the two groups and the general and FOG populations. The goal is that regular exercise will decrease gait disabilities and motor symptoms in PD patients.
The document summarizes recent advances in the management of Parkinson's disease. It discusses pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, recent research on interventions such as neuroprosthesis for tremor, action observation to reduce bradykinesia, audio biofeedback training for posture and balance, Irish set dancing vs exercises, intensive rehabilitation treatment, augmented visual feedback, robot-assisted gait training, virtual games and different types of physical exercise. The studies presented are randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews that evaluate the efficacy of these interventions for symptoms of Parkinson's disease.
This study aims to compare the effectiveness of virtual reality rehabilitation versus conventional physiotherapy for improving balance and gait in Parkinson's disease patients. A randomized controlled trial will assign participants to either receive virtual reality training or conventional physiotherapy for 12 weeks. Outcome measures assessing balance, gait, motor function and quality of life will be evaluated before and after the intervention period. The results are expected to show that virtual reality rehabilitation can more effectively improve balance and gait in Parkinson's disease patients compared to conventional physiotherapy.
Effects of the PNF Technique on Increasing Functional Activities in Patients ...Remedypublications1
Introduction: Clinical features of spinal cord injury are described as part of neurological syndromes
of commotion, complete and incomplete lesions. Paraplegia is a consequence of spinal injury in
the thoracic, lumbar and sacral part of the spine characterized by partial (paraparesis) or complete
loss of function below the level of injury. There are many secondary complications, and the most
important ones are proprioceptive deficits and reduced balance that greatly reduce the participation
of patients in their daily activities.
Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the ability of the PNF technique to increase the
functional activity of a patient with incomplete spinal cord injury (TH11 - TH12) included in the
PNF therapy for six months.
Results: The problem the subject noted when taking the initial status was walking over longer
distances and walking up the stairs. Functional abilities of the subject were evaluated by Spinal Cord
Independence Measure (SCIM) and Berg balance scale. Evaluation was performed prior to, in the
middle of, and after the intervention. The subject was included in the PNF therapy twice a week for
45 minutes in a period of 6 months. There was an increase in the results of the Berg Balance Scale
test as well as SCIM results in the area of the locomotion, specifically in the area of mobility in bed,
mobility inside and outside the house at 10 meters to 100 meters distance and using the stairs.
Conclusion: The results of this study show that the PNF technique might have a positive effect on
increasing the functional abilities of subjects with incomplete spinal cord injury. However, further
research is required with a larger number of subjects to make a final conclusion on the effect of the
PNF technique on the functional abilities of persons with spinal cord injuries.
The document summarizes a study that evaluated the efficacy of a joint mobilization apparatus in treating frozen shoulder. The study involved 48 patients with frozen shoulder who were randomly assigned to either a control group receiving regular physical therapy or an experimental group receiving physical therapy plus treatment with the joint mobilization apparatus. Outcome measures including range of motion and pain were assessed at baseline and after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The results showed that the experimental group had significantly greater improvements in range of motion and reductions in pain levels compared to the control group receiving only physical therapy. The study concluded that the joint mobilization apparatus combined with physical therapy can further improve shoulder function and relieve pain in patients with frozen shoulder compared to physical therapy alone.
586 Stahl B, et al. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2018;89586–.docxtroutmanboris
586 Stahl B, et al. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2018;89:586–592. doi:10.1136/jnnp-2017-315962
ReseaRch papeR
Efficacy of intensive aphasia therapy in patients with
chronic stroke: a randomised controlled trial
Benjamin stahl,1,2,3,4 Bettina Mohr,5 Verena Büscher,6 Felix R Dreyer,6
Guglielmo Lucchese,2,6 Friedemann pulvermüller6,7
Cognitive neurology
To cite: stahl B, Mohr B,
Büscher V, et al. J Neurol
Neurosurg Psychiatry
2018;89:586–592.
► additional material is
published online only. To view
please visit the journal online
(http:// dx. doi. org/ 10. 1136/
jnnp- 2017- 315962).
1Department of Neurology,
charité Universitätsmedizin
Berlin, campus Mitte, Berlin,
Germany
2Department of Neurology,
Universitätsmedizin Greifswald,
Greifswald, Germany
3Department of Neurophysics,
Max planck Institute for human
cognitive and Brain sciences,
Leipzig, Germany
4psychologische hochschule
Berlin, Berlin, Germany
5Department of psychiatry,
charité Universitätsmedizin
Berlin, campus Benjamin
Franklin, Berlin, Germany
6Department of philosophy and
humanities, Brain Language
Laboratory, Freie Universität
Berlin, Berlin, Germany
7Berlin school of Mind and
Brain, humboldt-Universität zu
Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Correspondence to
Dr Benjamin stahl, charité
Universitätsmedizin Berlin,
Department of Neurology,
charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin,
Germany; benjamin. [email protected]
charite. de
Received 1 March 2017
Revised 13 November 2017
accepted 14 November 2017
published Online First
22 December 2017
AbsTrACT
Objective Recent evidence has fuelled the debate
on the role of massed practice in the rehabilitation of
chronic post-stroke aphasia. here, we further determined
the optimal daily dosage and total duration of intensive
speech-language therapy.
Methods Individuals with chronic aphasia more
than 1 year post-stroke received Intensive Language-
action Therapy in a randomised, parallel-group,
blinded-assessment, controlled trial. participants
were randomly assigned to one of two outpatient
groups who engaged in either highly-intensive
practice (Group I: 4 hours daily) or moderately-
intensive practice (Group II: 2 hours daily). Both
groups went through an initial waiting period and
two successive training intervals. each phase lasted
2 weeks. co-primary endpoints were defined after
each training interval.
results Thirty patients—15 per group—completed the
study. a primary outcome measure (aachen aphasia Test)
revealed no gains in language performance after the
waiting period, but indicated significant progress after
each training interval (gradual 2-week t-score change
[cI]: 1.7 [±0.4]; 0.6 [±0.5]), independent of the intensity
level applied (4-week change in Group I: 2.4 [±1.2]; in
Group II: 2.2 [±0.8]). a secondary outcome measure
(action communication Test) confirmed these findings
in the waiting period and in the first training interval.
In the second training interval, however, only patients
wi.
The document summarizes evidence from 6 randomized controlled trials on the effects of bilateral arm training for stroke rehabilitation. The studies compared bilateral arm training to alternative interventions like unilateral training or routine therapy. The results showed that bilateral arm training improved upper limb motor function and activities of daily living more than the comparison interventions, as measured by outcomes like the Fugl-Meyer Assessment, Action Research Arm Test, Nine-Hole Peg Test, and Wolf Motor Function Test. The document concludes that bilateral arm training is superior to unilateral training based on the evidence and should be used in stroke rehabilitation to facilitate better recovery.
Concussions are a growing concern, especially in young athletes. Common symptoms include headaches, dizziness, and memory issues. While rest is usually recommended, longer periods of inactivity do not necessarily lead to faster recovery. Physical therapy can help address lingering symptoms through manual therapy, soft tissue work, vestibular rehabilitation, education, and light aerobic exercise. Further research is still needed to better understand and treat concussions.
The effect of clonidine on peri operative neuromuscular blockade and recoveryAhmad Ozair
Background: Alpha-2-agonists are as used adjunct for anaesthesia. We conducted this study with the aim to determine whether the addition of clonidine, an α-2-agonist, decreases the time to recovery from neuromuscular blockade caused by non-depolarising muscle relaxant. Secondary objectives were to know whether clonidine as an adjuvant improves hemodynamic stability, decreases stress hyperglycaemia, pain and time to discharge from Post-Anaesthesia Care Unit (PACU). Methods: This placebo-controlled clinical trial, enrolled 64 patients into clonidine (n = 32) or placebo (saline) group (n = 32). Study drug was given 1.5 mcg/kg IV bolus at the time of induction followed by infusion (1.5 mcg/kg/hour) intra-operatively. Extubation was started when train-of-four (TOF) count was ≥ 2. Primary outcome measure was time to achieve TOF ratio of ≥ 70% and ≥ 90%, assessed at 5, 15, 30- and 60-min intervals following extubation. Results: 2 patients in each group were excluded due to intra-operative requirement of additional supportive medications, hence in each group 30 were analysed. Significant difference was observed between clonidine and placebo groups in terms of time to achieve TOF ratio ≥ 70% and ≥ 90%, stress hyperglycemia, hemodynamic and pain profile, no statistical difference in the Ramsey sedation score and modified Aldrete score between groups. Patients given clonidine required repeat doses of non-depolarising muscle relaxant at longer intervals, with decrease in total amount administered. Clonidine group had a median time to achieve TOF ratio ≥ 70% at 15 min compared to 60 min in placebo group. Conclusion: Clonidine hastens the recovery from neuromuscular block with reduced stress hyperglycaemia and post-operative pain, along with unaffected Ramsey sedation score and modified Aldrete score.
This document provides an overview of interventions to improve balance in children with cerebral palsy. It defines cerebral palsy and discusses its causes, classifications, common impairments, diagnosis and prognosis. It then summarizes several studies on interventions for improving balance, gait, upper extremity function, muscle strength, and postural control in children with cerebral palsy, including stretching, electrical stimulation, virtual reality, treadmill training, mirror therapy, and balance training. The studies examined the effects of these interventions on outcomes like gross motor function, muscle strength, and balance.
This document describes a study that used continuous ECG monitoring to assess changes in the QTc interval during standing maneuvers as a potential positive control for detecting QT prolongation in early clinical drug trials. The study found that:
1) All treatment groups showed a significant increase in maximum QTc interval change (QTcF) from baseline upon standing at all time points, meeting regulatory standards for a positive control.
2) The variability in time to maximum QTcF response decreased substantially over repeated standing maneuvers, from a standard error of 6.4 milliseconds initially to 0.7 milliseconds.
3) The results support the use of standing-induced QTcF changes as a method for validating a study's
The document presents the second edition of the "PMR Buzz" which provides abstract summaries from current rehabilitation medicine journals, and includes contributions from several rehabilitation experts. It contains a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing the effectiveness of autologous blood products and steroid injections for plantar fasciitis, and a randomized controlled trial comparing the effects of balance training and aerobic training for patients with degenerative cerebellar disease. The document aims to disseminate practice-changing research and receive feedback to improve the quality of information presented in future editions.
This document summarizes a dissertation that evaluated the effects of Integrative Manual Therapy (IMT) on a 62-year-old man with Parkinson's disease. The man received 60 hours of IMT over two weeks. Evaluations before and after treatment found improvements in tremors, gait, speech, facial expressions, mood, and lung capacity. Notably, his Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale score improved 48.6%, and questionnaires showed improvements in symptoms and quality of life. The results provide initial evidence that IMT may help improve symptoms of Parkinson's disease.
Are you looking for a long-lasting solution to your missing tooth?
Dental implants are the most common type of method for replacing the missing tooth. Unlike dentures or bridges, implants are surgically placed in the jawbone. In layman’s terms, a dental implant is similar to the natural root of the tooth. It offers a stable foundation for the artificial tooth giving it the look, feel, and function similar to the natural tooth.
Know the difference between Endodontics and Orthodontics.Gokuldas Hospital
Your smile is beautiful.
Let’s be honest. Maintaining that beautiful smile is not an easy task. It is more than brushing and flossing. Sometimes, you might encounter dental issues that need special dental care. These issues can range anywhere from misalignment of the jaw to pain in the root of teeth.
Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga-GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS-2024.pdfOsvaldo Bernardo Muchanga
GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS
Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga
Gastrointestinal Infections
GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS result from the ingestion of pathogens that cause infections at the level of this tract, generally being transmitted by food, water and hands contaminated by microorganisms such as E. coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio cholerae, Campylobacter, Staphylococcus, Rotavirus among others that are generally contained in feces, thus configuring a FECAL-ORAL type of transmission.
Among the factors that lead to the occurrence of gastrointestinal infections are the hygienic and sanitary deficiencies that characterize our markets and other places where raw or cooked food is sold, poor environmental sanitation in communities, deficiencies in water treatment (or in the process of its plumbing), risky hygienic-sanitary habits (not washing hands after major and/or minor needs), among others.
These are generally consequences (signs and symptoms) resulting from gastrointestinal infections: diarrhea, vomiting, fever and malaise, among others.
The treatment consists of replacing lost liquids and electrolytes (drinking drinking water and other recommended liquids, including consumption of juicy fruits such as papayas, apples, pears, among others that contain water in their composition).
To prevent this, it is necessary to promote health education, improve the hygienic-sanitary conditions of markets and communities in general as a way of promoting, preserving and prolonging PUBLIC HEALTH.
Gastritis and Gastric Health
Gastric Health is one of the most relevant concerns in human health, with gastrointestinal infections being among the main illnesses that affect humans.
Among gastric problems, we have GASTRITIS AND GASTRIC ULCERS as the main public health problems. Gastritis and gastric ulcers normally result from inflammation and corrosion of the walls of the stomach (gastric mucosa) and are generally associated (caused) by the bacterium Helicobacter pylor, which, according to the literature, this bacterium settles on these walls (of the stomach) and starts to release urease that ends up altering the normal pH of the stomach (acid), which leads to inflammation and corrosion of the mucous membranes and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
In addition to bacterial infections, gastritis and gastric ulcers are associated with several factors, with emphasis on prolonged fasting, chemical substances including drugs, alcohol, foods with strong seasonings including chilli, which ends up causing inflammation of the stomach walls and/or corrosion. of the same, resulting in the appearance of wounds and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
Among patients with gastritis and/or ulcers, one of the dilemmas is associated with the foods to consume in order to minimize the sensation of pain and discomfort.
Discover the benefits of homeopathic medicine for irregular periods with our guide on 5 common remedies. Learn how these natural treatments can help regulate menstrual cycles and improve overall menstrual health.
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- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/Pt1nA32sdHQ
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/uFdc9F0rlP0
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Pictorial and detailed description of patellar instability with sign and symptoms and how to diagnose , what investigations you should go with and how to approach with treatment options . I have presented this slide in my 2nd year junior residency in orthopedics at LLRM medical college Meerut and got good reviews for it
After getting it read you will definitely understand the topic.
Histololgy of Female Reproductive System.pptxAyeshaZaid1
Dive into an in-depth exploration of the histological structure of female reproductive system with this comprehensive lecture. Presented by Dr. Ayesha Irfan, Assistant Professor of Anatomy, this presentation covers the Gross anatomy and functional histology of the female reproductive organs. Ideal for students, educators, and anyone interested in medical science, this lecture provides clear explanations, detailed diagrams, and valuable insights into female reproductive system. Enhance your knowledge and understanding of this essential aspect of human biology.
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Mo...Université de Montréal
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18701142
1. Clinical Rehabilitation 2005; 19: 870 Á/877
Effects of home exercises on motor performance in
patients with Parkinson’s disease
AT Caglar Istanbul University, Neurology Department, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, HN Gurses Istanbul University,
Cardiopulmonary Department, Institute of Cardiology, FK Mutluay Istanbul University, Neurology Department, Cerrahpasa
School of Medicine and G Kiziltan Istanbul University, Neurology Department, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Turkey
Received 31st January 2004; accepted 21st April 2005.
Objective: To investigate the effect of home exercises on the motor performance of
patients with Parkinson’s disease.
Design: A prospective blinded study with allocation of patients into their groups by
alternate weeks.
Setting: A University Hospital neurology and physiotherapy department.
Subjects: Recruited from a movement disorders outpatient clinic of Cerrahpasa
School of Medicine diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease, classified as Hoehn and Yahr
Grades I, II and III.
Interventions: Patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were recruited to the
study. Each patient was evaluated at the end of first and second month after the
baseline evaluation. Patients were divided into two groups. Those in the first and
third week were put in the exercise group and second and fourth week in the control
group. Patients in the exercise group (n 0/15) were given a schedule of exercises to
undertake at home; the others (n 0/15) did not receive this instruction.
Measures: Ten- and 20-m walking test, first pace length, pace number in 10 m,
walking around a chair, Nine Hole Peg Board (NHPB) test.
Results: Following the home exercise programme, patients in the exercise group
showed improvement in walking 10 and 20 m, time elapsed to complete walking
around a chair and length of the first pace length, and in the motor performance of
both hands (p B/0.001).
Conclusions: A home-based rehabilitation programme for patients with Parkinson’s
disease helped to improve motor performance compared to patients who did not
take advantage of a regular, professionally designed exercise programme.
Introduction tional activity disorders may arise due to loss
of trunk mobility and postural reflex, which may
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurological disorder also result in dependency in activities requiring
causing loss of functional abilities and progressive manipulation and skill, especially in the early
loss of independence despite medical treatment.1 Á 3 stages.4 Á 7 Progressive bradykinesia and hypokine-
Depending on the severity of the disease, func- sia result in difficulty in performing daily activities.
Akinesia may hinder initiation of activity by
Address for correspondence: Professor H Nilgun Gurses, seconds or even minutes. Although levodopa
Physiotherapist, Prof. B. Tarcan, sok. Meric Konak 4 ap./ 4
Gayrettepe, 80290 Á/ Istanbul, Turkey. decreases the bradykinesia, it alone would not be
e-mail: fztnilgun@yahoo.com effective in increasing movement, and therefore
# 2005 Edward Arnold (Publishers) Ltd 10.1191/0269215505cr924oa
2. Home exercise for Parkinson’s disease patients 871
aggressive intervention in the early stages is Patients were evaluated by the same phy-
necessary.8 siotherapist (FKM) at baseline, first month and
In general, the combination of pharmacother- second month a total of three times, at the same
apy with rehabilitation is the optimal treatment time post dose. Patients and relatives were ques-
strategy for symptom control.2 Patients with tioned whether medication was taken or not.
milder disase severity have a better potential of Following the assessments, patient allocation to
improvement, hence commencing physiotherapy the exercise or control group was done by a
and rehabilitation programmes at an early stage research physiotherapist, who was also the co-
can be beneficial.9 In addition, patients at the ordinator of the study (HNG). Patients recruited in
chronic stage who are independent at home and in the first and third week were included in the
the community are known to benefit from a home exercise group and patients recruited in the second
programme.9 Á 12 Despite the data obtained from and fourth week were included in the control
these trials, there is still insufficient evidence to group. The appointments for assessments and
support the efficacy of physiotherapy on motor exercise instructions were made for a day best
performance in Parkinson’s disease as there are few suited for the patients. The home exercise pro-
controlled studies to date.13 gramme was given to the exercise group by another
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects physiotherapist (ATC).
of a suitable home exercise programme on motor Both the neurologist and physiotherapist who
tests evaluating walking and hand skills in did the assessments and the patients were
patients diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease seen blinded to the study grouping and they did not
as outpatients and who had not previously been know which treatment was to be given in a certain
involved in a physiotherapy and rehabilitation week.
programme. Patients’ inclusion criteria:
. Patients had been diagnosed Parkinson’s disease
by a neurologist.
. Patients had to be at grade I, II and III
Patients and methods according to Hoehn and Yahr Scale.14
. Patients had to be on a stable drug regime.
Patients with Parkinson’s disease referred to the . Patients could walk independently with no
Movement Disorders Outpatient Clinic at Istanbul assistance or walking aid.
University Cerrahpasa School of Medicine from . Patients had no orthopaedic problems that
the Neurology Department of the same university would affect mobility and had no systemic and
were included in the study. We used a prospective, metabolic disease.
blinded and controlled design and the selection of . Patients could come to the hospital three times
patients for the groups were done by an alternate for the physiotherapy assessments.
week method. Disease stage of the patients was . Patients had not been previously involved in a
determined by one of the neurologists of the physiotherapy and rehabilitation programme.
Movement Disorders Outpatient Clinic (GK),
and the eligible patients who fulfilled the inclusion The following assessments were performed on
criteria for the study and who agreed to participate patients; 10-m walking time (s), 20-m walking time
when they were informed about the study were sent (s), first pace length (cm), pace number at a 10-m
to the physiotherapist (FKM) for other assess- distance, time to walk around a chair (s) and Nine
ments (Figure 1). Each week six referred patients Hole Peg Board test.14 The 10-m timed walk
were evaluated by our neurologist. The range of involves asking the patient to walk over a set
eligible patients for the study per week was 0 Á/2 distance of 10 m (with no turn component) and a
patients according to our patient inclusion criteria. 20 m walk (10 m, return, 10 m) at their own
All eligible patients who fulfilled the selection preferred speed. The second one is the time test
criteria were actually included. Selection of pa- often used with patients with Parkinson’s disease
tients for the study lasted for eight months. but, since two tests were used in different studies,
3. 872 AT Caglar et al.
Neurology Department
(Patient (Pt) Reference)
Movement Disorders
Outpatient Clinic
Neurologist Neurologist
Neurologist (GK)
(Pt Selection)
Physical Therapist
(FKM)
(Assessment) 1st & 2nd Month
1st & 2nd Month Assessments
Assessments
Physical Therapist (HNG)
(Group Selection & Coordination)
Exercise Group Control Group
Physical Therapist (ATC)
(Exercise Training)
Figure 1 Design of the study.
we decided to use both of them in order to be able hands. Lowest time taken to complete the test
to compare our results with the others. Time to was recorded by a chronometer.
walk around a chair (s) was assessed independently Home exercises were given to the patients in the
from 20-m walking time (s). exercise group at hospital and after the initial
First pace length was determined after the training the patients were instructed to continue
patient walked on a slightly wet floor and the the exercise programme at home. Patients were
distance was measured between the fronts of instructed to carry out each of the exercises
the first and second footprints. In order to avoid 10 times, three times a day for a period of
patient awareness, the patient was not informed of two months. Home exercise training period was
such a measurement. In the 10-m walking time 1 h and the primary goals were to improve range
test, steps taken by both feet were noted. The peg of motion and functional activity, balance and
board test (which evaluates hand co-ordination) gait, and ultimately fine motor dexterity. A book-
was performed while the patient was sitting. The let outlining the movements from which the
patient was requested to place the nine pegs from exercises were selected according to the needs of
the table into the board, and then to take the pegs the patients were also given to them, aiming to
out one by one and place them on the table as assist the patients visually in performing their
quickly as possible. Test was started with the exercises. The booklet included the following
dominant hand and repeated twice with both exercises:
4. Home exercise for Parkinson’s disease patients 873
1) Relaxation and stretching exercises such as Results
bending and turning of trunk.
2) Exercises to ease breathing and facial muscle During the eight months, of the patients who were
exercises to stress the mimic expressions and referred to the Movement Disorders Outpatient
to enhance oral motor function. Clinic from the Neurology Department, only 30
3) Exercises to increase movement of head, neck, fulfilled the inclusion criteria and registered to the
shoulder, elbow and hand, besides leg, knee study. Difficulties with transport, severity of the
and feet and alternative exercise of the four illness (at grade IV or over) and having systemic
limbs in supine position for recovery of and metabolic disease were the main reasons for
muscular co-ordination. withdrawal from the study. Some patients had
4) Exercises to assist improving body move- already had physiotherapy, so they were not
ments; exercises to get in and out of bed and allocated to the study. There was no loss in either
also exercises to ease standing up and sitting the exercise group or the control group in all
down on a chair and turning around in the assessments, since the patients who already agreed
chair. to come to hospital for three times were recruited
5) Exercises done while standing up to improve to the study. The baseline characteristics of the
balance and finally walking exercises were patients in exercise and control groups are shown
given. in Table 1.
The control and exercise groups were compar-
These programmes were not recommended to the
able with respect to age, sex, stage and duration of
control group and they continued with their
the disease with no statistically significant differ-
routine activities. In order to track the compliance
ences.
of the exercise group, a daily follow-up diary was The assessment results of the parameters in the
given to be completed by the patient or his or her first and second months in both groups and the
relative. At the second and third visit after the comparison of these parameters in the exercise and
assessments, the exercise group was referred to control groups at baseline, first month and second
physiotherapist (ATC) again in order to check the month evaluation are shown in Table 2.
diary and exercise compliance. At the end of the All variables were significantly improved in the
second month final evaluations were carried out, exercise group, from baseline to second month,
exercises were instructed and an individualized whereas there was a significant impairment in the
exercise booklet was given to the control group. control group in 10-m and 20-m walking times.
The exercise group consisted of 15 patients The two groups were similar on all variables at
(mean age 679/5 years) and the control group baseline with no statistically significant differences.
consisted of 15 patients (mean age 649/3 years). Comparison of groups showed significant changes
There was no loss in either group in all assess-
ments.
A patient’s treatment regimen remained constant Table 1 Comparison of patient characteristics (n 0/30)
throughout this study. Except for two in the Control group Exercise group p-value
control and one in the exercise group taking
selegiline, all patients were on L-dopa and a Age (years) 64.3 (9/12.3) 67.4 (9/5.04) 0.325a
Sex (male/female) 10 M/5 F 11 M/4 F 0.5b
dopamine agonist.
Statistical analysis of the data was carried out Hoehn and Yahr
Stage I 1 2
using the Kruskal Á/Wallis test for evaluating each Stage II 11 10
group and the Mann Á/Whitney U -test and Stu- Stage III 3 3
dent’s t-test in comparing the two groups. Non- 0.827c
Duration of 5.2 (9/2.7) 5.5 (9/2.7) 0.79d
parametric statistics chi-squared test was used to disease (years)
analyse the proportion of disease stage and Fish-
er’s exact test for the distribution of male and a
Mann Á/Whitney U-test; bFisher exact; cChi-squared; dStu-
female subjects in the two groups. dent’s t.
5. 874 AT Caglar et al.
Table 2 Improvement of motor tests and the comparison between groups
Assessment time Control group Exercise group p-value
Mean (SD) Mean (SD) (DBG)
10-m walking time (s) Baseline 14.3 (7.7) 13.6 (5.3) !/0.762
1st month 16.2 (9.1) 10.3 (4.2) B/0.029
2nd month 15.3 (8.7) 9.46 (3.9) B/0.01
p-value (DEG) B/0.03 B/0.001
20-m walking time (s) Baseline 29.7 (15.8) 28.2 (12.4) !/0.779
1st month 33.2 (18.9) 22.2 (8.9) B/0.045
2nd month 33.9 (20.5) 19.3 (8.3) B/0.009
p-value (DEG) B/0.013 B/0.001
First pace length (cm) Baseline 50.7 (18.1) 45.1 (17.3) !/0.467
1st month 50.8 (16.4) 54.6 (14.3) !/0.515
2nd month 52 (17.8) 63.1 (13.2) !/0.056
p-value (DEG) !/0.1546 B/0.001
Pace number in 10 m Baseline 19.6 (8.8) 21.2 (9.9) !/0.644
1st month 20.2 (8.1) 17.2 (4.1) !/0.199
2nd month 20.2 (8.9) 15.8 (3.1) !/0.512
p-value (DEG) !/0.6376 B/0.001
Time taken to turn around Baseline 10.3 (8.7) 8.53 (4.1) !/0.472
a chair (s) 1st month 12.2 (9.3) 7 (3.4) B/0.05
2nd month 12.6 (10.2) 5.53 (2.27) B/0.004
p-value !/0.0661 B/0.001
Nine Hole Peg Board test Baseline 44.6 (16.6) 42.8 (16.7) !/0.761
left (s) 1st month 45.4 (16.4) 36.5 (11.9) !/0.101
2nd month 45.1 (15.6) 33.8 (11.1) B/0.03
p-value (DEG) !/0.8899 B/0.001
Nine Hole Peg Board test Baseline 37.6 (13.4) 39.1 (10.6) !/0.742
right (s) 1st month 37.9 (13.4) 33 (9.1) !/0.254
2nd month 37.6 (12.1) 30 (8.3) B/0.053
p-value (DEG) !/0.9355 B/0.001
DBG, Difference between groups (Mann Á/Whitney U ); DEG, difference in each group (Kruskal Á/Wallis).
in 10-m (p B/0.029), 20-m walking time (p B/0.045) The differences were not statistically significant in
and time taken to turn around a chair (p B/0.05) at the second month when compared with the first
first month assessment. When the results of the month but were still significant when compared
second month assessments of the two group were with baseline (p B/0.0020 and p B/0.0028, respec-
compared, there were significant changes in all tively).
parameters except pace number in 10 m. Comparison of the groups showed that the
The difference seen in the parameters in two changes in IÁ/II, II Á/III and IÁ/III were significant
months were compared in the groups and the in first pace length (cm) (p B/0.0017, p B/0.0002
comparison of results of baseline to first month and p B/0.0000, respectively) and pace number in
(I Á/II), first month to second month (II Á/III) and 10 m (p B/0.0552, p B/0.0474, and p B/0.0331,
baseline to second month (I Á/III) evaluations are respectively).
shown in Table 3. Comparison of the groups showed that the
Comparison of the groups showed that the changes in II Á/III and IÁ/III were significant in
changes were significant in 10-m (p B/0.0053) and time taken to turn around a chair (p B/0.0344 and
20-m walking time (p B/0.0159) in the first month. p B/0.0110, respectively).
6. Home exercise for Parkinson’s disease patients 875
Table 3 Comparison of differences between assessments in two groups
Difference between Control group Exercise group p-valuea
assessments Mean (SD) Mean (SD)
10-m walking time (s) I Á/II (/1.93 (2.49) 3.27 (3.31) B/0.0053
II Á/III 0.93 (1.94) 0.87 (1.46) !/0.9162
I Á/III (/1 (2.77) 4.13 (3.70) B/0.0020
20-m walking time (s) I Á/II (/3.53 (4.12) 6.00 (7.80) B/0.0159
II Á/III 1.33 (4.27) 2.93 (3.20) !/0.2563
I Á/III (/2.2 (5.59) 8.93 (8.68) B/0.0028
First pace length (cm) I Á/II (/0.12 (3.82) (/8.62 (8.31) B/0.0017
II Á/III (/1.12 (4.94) (/8.92 (6.19) B/0.0002
I Á/III (/1.24 (7.01) (/17.5 (8.68) B/0.0001
Pace number in 10 m I Á/II (/0.67 (2.06) 4.00 (7.16) !/0.0552
II Á/III 0.07 (1.87) 1.40 (1.64) B/0.0474
I Á/III (/0.60 (2.38) 5.40 (7.44) B/0.0331
Time taken to turn around I Á/II (/1.53 (3.07) 1.53 (2.03) !/0.1201
a chair (s) II Á/III (/0.40 (2.10) 1.47 (1.41) B/0.0344
I Á/III (/1.93 (3.45) 3 (2.42) B/0.0110
Nine Hole Peg Board test I Á/II (/0.73 (4.37) 6.27 (7.54) B/0.0111
left (s) II Á/III 0.27 (2.79) 2.73 (2.58) B/0.0181
I Á/III (/0.47 (5.05) 9 (7.86) B/0.0011
Nine Hole Peg Board test I Á/II (/0.27 (4.61) 6.07 (7.27) B/0.0119
right (s) II Á/III 0.27 (4.95) 3.07 (3.33) !/0.0815
I Á/III 0 (4.22) 9.133 (6.59) B/0.0002
a
Student’s t-test.
Comparison of the groups showed that the programmes carried out in conjunction with drug
changes in I Á/II, II Á/III and I Á/III were signifi- therapy.1,15
cant in the Nine Hole Peg Board test left (s) Recently, a randomized and controlled study
(p B/0.0111, p B/0.0181 and p B/0.0011, respec- showed that multidisciplinary rehabilitation for
tively) and in I Á/II and IÁ/III in the Nine Hole patients with Parkinson’s disease may improve
Peg Board test right (s) (p B/0.0119 and p B/0.0002, mobility, and follow-up treatments may be needed
respectively). to maintain beneficial effects.18
Compliance was very high and patients dis- Some articles stated the benefits of short-term
played great care and attention in keeping the applied physiotherapy. In one, patients were in-
diary. They put ticks for every day for every structed by a physiotherapist at home, but it was
session. not a controlled study and the physiotherapy only
lasted a short time.10 In a second study, patients
were instructed by nursing students and the
investigators were mainly interested in nursing
Discussion parameters.12
More recent articles in the literature have also
The effects of physiotherapy and rehabilitation on described the use of home treatment for patients
patients with Parkinson’s disease have been re- with advanced Parkinson’s disease.9,11 Investiga-
searched by many investigators in the past.1,15 Á 17 tors stated that physiotherapy aimed at improving
The findings of these studies have showed the function in Parkinson’s disease is best provided in
benefits of physiotherapy and rehabilitation the home situation.11
7. 876 AT Caglar et al.
The results of our present study suggest that if Significant improvement was found in walking
patients with Parkinson’s disease are taught in a controlled clinical trial done by Formisono
individualized and detailed home exercises by a et al. ,19 but the time taken to walk around a chair
physiotherapist, there is a statistically significant and Nine Hole Peg Board test completion time did
clinical improvement in their motor performance not change. In our trial we observed a highly
over an eight-week period. The benefits of a significant decrease (p B/0.01) in the time to walk
similar programme have also been shown in two around a chair, however there was an increase in
weeks in Parkinson’s disease as an outcome of an this time test in the control group. We think that
uncontrolled study in which home exercise was the main reason for this difference in patients in
instructed at home.10 However, our study showed the exercise group is that they had to walk around
that the improvement associated with physiother- the chair as a part of their home exercise pro-
apy continued for longer than two weeks and the gramme.
patients who were not referred to the exercise There was a significant decrease (p B/0.001) in
group for home exercise could not benefit from it. both left and right hand Nine Hole Peg Board test
Indeed, walking had deteriorated in control group completion times in the exercise group, which
patients over two months. Instructing exercise at reflects distal motor performance. The improve-
home may be feasible for patients, but it is not ment in the exercise group was due to the easily
feasible for the hospital staff if they do not have a performed hand exercises performed frequently by
special home therapy visiting team. This was why the patients.
we chose patients (grade I, II and III) who had Although the present study was based on a
no problems in transport, and we assessed and home programme, we believe the success in com-
instructed the patients at hospital. Since the pliance was primarily due to the motivational
patients agreed to come to hospital for three factor from the daily diary provided for comple-
visits at the beginning of the study, we did not tion by patients or relatives. Secondly, frequent
suffer from loss of patients. Patients in the visits to hospital and being assessed in detail
exercise and control groups had never been to a increased their interest in their treatment.
physiotherapist before. Our results showed that Another interesting finding was that the im-
patients who had difficulty in walking around a provement in most parameters was higher in the
chair also took longer for the 20-m walk test. We first month, but all continued to improve in the
concluded that these two parameters may be second month also. Some outcomes such as first
dependent to each other, since 20-m walking pace length and time taken to turn around a chair
time also has a ‘turn’ component. A highly improved similarly in the first and second months.
significant improvement was observed in the 10- These findings show the importance of follow-up
and 20-m walking time and time taken to turn visits to hospital by patients or to home by
around a chair for the patients in the exercise hospital staff in maintaining the useful outcomes
group. of physiotherapy.
As a result of their review, Deane et al. 13 Our study is a blinded and controlled study but
concluded that although 10 of the trials claimed our limitation is that group selection was done
a positive effect from physiotherapy, few outcomes with alternation of weeks. It is not a randomized
measured were statistically significant. Walking study.
velocity and stride length were the two parameters In addition, although it is a prospective and
increased significantly in two trials. Our present time-consuming study including training facilities
study also confirms that these parameters are and three assessments in two months, the number
affected by physiotherapy and is valuable in of patients was rather small and it would have been
showing the outcomes of motor performance. First better if we had reached a higher number of
pace length showed a significant improvement patients. On the other hand, the strength of the
(p B/0.001) and pace number in the 10-m walk study is that the doctor and physiotherapist
test decreased significantly (p B/0.001) in the assessing the patients were blind to the patient
exercise group. This provided an increase in the group selection, as well as the patients themselves
walking speed of these patients. being blind to selection of groups.
8. Home exercise for Parkinson’s disease patients 877
5 Weiner WJ, Singer C. Parkinson’s disease and
Clinical messages nonpharmacological treatment programs. J Am
Geriatr Soc 1989; 37: 359 Á/63.
. Individualized home exercises have positive 6 Schenkman M, Donovan J, Tsuboto J. Management
effect on the motor performance in patients of individuals with Parkinson’s disease: rationale
with Parkinson’s disease. and case studies. Phys Ther 1989; 69: 944 Á/55.
. The home exercise programme is easy for the 7 Sudesh SJ, Francisco GE. Parkinson’s disease and
patients. other movement disorders. In: De Lisa JA ed.
. Further investigation is required to examine Rehabilitation medicine Á/ principles and practice.
Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven, 1998: 1035 Á/57.
the optimal training period that causes a
8 Melnick ME. Bazal ganglia disorders. In: Umphred
significant improvement and how long the DA ed. Neurological rehabilitation , third edition. St.
outcomes are sustained after the programme Louis: Mosby, 1995: 621.
is finished. 9 Nieuwboer A, De Weerdt W, Dom R et al.
Prediction of outcome of physiotherapy in
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To conclude, the benefits of the home pro- 16: 886 Á/93.
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physical therapy training per patient is efficient. Parkinson’s disease. Clin Rehabil 1989; 3: 11 Á/16.
Our results are consistent with previous studies 11 Nieuwboer A, De Weerdt W, Dom R et al. The
and suggest the usefulness of physical therapy as a effect of a home physiotherapy program for persons
with Parkinson’s disease. J Rehabil Med 2001; 33:
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266 Á/72.
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physiotherapy can be demonstrated at an earlier regimen for ambulatory Parkinson’s disease
stage of disability and should therefore be part of patients. J Neurosci Nurs 1989; 21: 180.
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