Fowlkesdigestivesystem
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This document summarizes key terms related to the digestive system. It defines bite-wing x-rays as dental x-rays used to view posterior teeth, and explains they are used to examine interdental caries and bone loss. It describes serum bilirubin as a blood test that measures bilirubin levels, which are elevated in conditions like hepatitis or gallstones. Lavage is explained as using a nasogastric tube to clean out stomach contents, often after overdoses or before surgery. Finally, anastomosis is defined as the surgical connection of two organs or vessels, like rejoining sections of intestines after removal of a part.
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Tooth extraction is the removal of a tooth from its socket in the bone. Teeth are often extracted because they are impacted, cannot be restored due to decay or damage, or to make room for orthodontic treatment. Potential risks of extraction include infection, numbness, jaw fracture, and jaw pain.
Intestinal stomas
This document discusses intestinal stomas. It defines intestinal stomas as surgically created openings of the small or large intestine onto the abdominal wall. It classifies stomas as end stomas or loop stomas. Complications of stomas include early complications like high output, ischemia, and retraction, and late complications such as stenosis, prolapse, parastomal herniation, obstruction, hemorrhage, and dermatitis. It provides dietary advice for patients with stomas such as avoiding high fiber foods and carbonated beverages.
Intestinal stoma( COLOSTOMY)
This document discusses intestinal stomas, specifically colostomies. It describes colostomies as openings of the intestinal or urinary tract onto the abdominal wall. There are two main types of colostomies: decompressing and diverting. Decompressing colostomies are temporary and act as a bridge to definitive treatment by relieving pressure in the proximal colon from distal obstructions. Diverting colostomies are permanent and reroute fecal flow when the distal bowel has been resected. The document provides details on determining colostomy location, types of decompressing stomas like blowhole and loop colostomies, and complications that can arise like stricture, necrosis, and hernias
Stomas
The document discusses stomas, which are artificial openings in the colon or small intestine used to divert feces outside the abdomen. It describes two types of stomas - loop ileostomies, which are temporary and used to defunction a low rectal anastomosis, and end ileostomies, which can be permanent. It also discusses short bowel syndrome, defined as less than 200cm of residual small intestine in adults, and its causes and management through medical therapy including TPN, intestinal lengthening surgeries, and intestinal transplantation in severe cases.
Colostomy
A colostomy is a surgical procedure where a portion of the large intestine is brought through the abdominal wall to carry stool out of the body. It may be permanent or temporary and is often performed to treat disorders of the large intestine like cancer or injury. There are four main types of colostomies named after the portion of the large intestine where the stoma is located. Aftercare for a colostomy involves monitoring the surgical site, using a colostomy pouching system, and gradually resuming a regular diet while avoiding certain gassy or odorous foods.
Duodenum and duodenal diverticulum
The duodenum is the C-shaped, initial part of the small intestine that receives contents from the stomach. Duodenal diverticula are pouches that can protrude either outside (extramural) or inside (intramural) the duodenum wall. Extramural diverticula are more common, located near the bile duct entrance, and their cause is not fully known. Most duodenal diverticula are asymptomatic, but some people experience abdominal pain, nausea, or jaundice. Complications can include gallstones or inflammation of the bile ducts and pancreas if the diverticulum obstructs these structures. Diagnosis involves imaging like barium X-rays, endoscopy, CT
Esophageal Strictures
This document discusses different types of esophageal strictures seen on imaging. It provides details on the typical locations and appearances of peptic, Barrett's esophagus, malignant, caustic, radiation, and other strictures. Examples of double-contrast esophagograms are shown to illustrate the features of peptic, Schatzki's ring, malignant, nasogastric intubation, Barrett's esophagus, radiation, caustic, and other strictures. The document concludes by presenting cases where observers judged strictures as benign, malignant, or equivocal based on imaging findings which were then correlated with endoscopy results.
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This document discusses colostomies, including reasons they may be needed such as cancer of the large intestine, perforated diverticulitis, Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis. It provides details on the anatomy and function of the digestive tract. The document is intended as an educational tool for healthcare professionals and discusses the physiological, surgical, practical, psychological, and social implications of living with a colostomy. It was created by Coloplast as part of their DialogueEducation materials and engagement with stoma nurses and patients.
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Tooth extraction is the removal of a tooth from its socket in the bone. Teeth are often extracted because they are impacted, cannot be restored due to decay or damage, or to make room for orthodontic treatment. Potential risks of extraction include infection, numbness, jaw fracture, and jaw pain.
Intestinal stomas
This document discusses intestinal stomas. It defines intestinal stomas as surgically created openings of the small or large intestine onto the abdominal wall. It classifies stomas as end stomas or loop stomas. Complications of stomas include early complications like high output, ischemia, and retraction, and late complications such as stenosis, prolapse, parastomal herniation, obstruction, hemorrhage, and dermatitis. It provides dietary advice for patients with stomas such as avoiding high fiber foods and carbonated beverages.
Intestinal stoma( COLOSTOMY)
This document discusses intestinal stomas, specifically colostomies. It describes colostomies as openings of the intestinal or urinary tract onto the abdominal wall. There are two main types of colostomies: decompressing and diverting. Decompressing colostomies are temporary and act as a bridge to definitive treatment by relieving pressure in the proximal colon from distal obstructions. Diverting colostomies are permanent and reroute fecal flow when the distal bowel has been resected. The document provides details on determining colostomy location, types of decompressing stomas like blowhole and loop colostomies, and complications that can arise like stricture, necrosis, and hernias
Stomas
The document discusses stomas, which are artificial openings in the colon or small intestine used to divert feces outside the abdomen. It describes two types of stomas - loop ileostomies, which are temporary and used to defunction a low rectal anastomosis, and end ileostomies, which can be permanent. It also discusses short bowel syndrome, defined as less than 200cm of residual small intestine in adults, and its causes and management through medical therapy including TPN, intestinal lengthening surgeries, and intestinal transplantation in severe cases.
Colostomy
A colostomy is a surgical procedure where a portion of the large intestine is brought through the abdominal wall to carry stool out of the body. It may be permanent or temporary and is often performed to treat disorders of the large intestine like cancer or injury. There are four main types of colostomies named after the portion of the large intestine where the stoma is located. Aftercare for a colostomy involves monitoring the surgical site, using a colostomy pouching system, and gradually resuming a regular diet while avoiding certain gassy or odorous foods.
Duodenum and duodenal diverticulum
The duodenum is the C-shaped, initial part of the small intestine that receives contents from the stomach. Duodenal diverticula are pouches that can protrude either outside (extramural) or inside (intramural) the duodenum wall. Extramural diverticula are more common, located near the bile duct entrance, and their cause is not fully known. Most duodenal diverticula are asymptomatic, but some people experience abdominal pain, nausea, or jaundice. Complications can include gallstones or inflammation of the bile ducts and pancreas if the diverticulum obstructs these structures. Diagnosis involves imaging like barium X-rays, endoscopy, CT
Esophageal Strictures
This document discusses different types of esophageal strictures seen on imaging. It provides details on the typical locations and appearances of peptic, Barrett's esophagus, malignant, caustic, radiation, and other strictures. Examples of double-contrast esophagograms are shown to illustrate the features of peptic, Schatzki's ring, malignant, nasogastric intubation, Barrett's esophagus, radiation, caustic, and other strictures. The document concludes by presenting cases where observers judged strictures as benign, malignant, or equivocal based on imaging findings which were then correlated with endoscopy results.
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This document discusses colostomies, including reasons they may be needed such as cancer of the large intestine, perforated diverticulitis, Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis. It provides details on the anatomy and function of the digestive tract. The document is intended as an educational tool for healthcare professionals and discusses the physiological, surgical, practical, psychological, and social implications of living with a colostomy. It was created by Coloplast as part of their DialogueEducation materials and engagement with stoma nurses and patients.
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A colostomy is a surgical procedure that brings part of the large intestine out through an opening in the abdominal wall. It may be temporary or permanent and is usually performed after bowel surgery or injury. Different types of colostomies include colostomies, ileostomies, and urostomies, which are named based on where in the digestive tract the opening is created. Proper care and maintenance of a colostomy involves cleaning the skin around the stoma with wipes, checking it regularly with a mirror, and applying new appliances securely.
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Colostomy
Stomas are artificial openings in the abdomen that allow waste to exit the body. There are several types of stomas including ileostomies, colostomies, and ureterostomies. Colostomies specifically create an opening in the colon to divert feces, and can be temporary or permanent depending on the underlying condition. Proper care of stomas involves a healthy diet, hydration, exercise, and regularly changing collection appliances.
Colostomy
This document discusses colostomy care and procedures. It defines a colostomy as an artificial opening in the large intestine brought to the surface of the abdomen. It then classifies colostomies as either temporary or permanent, and by stoma site or number/type. Common indications for a colostomy include colon cancer, Hirschsprung's disease, and ulcerative colitis. The purpose of colostomy care is to protect the skin, provide drainage, clean and regulate the bowel, and enable patient self-care. Required equipment includes supplies for changing appliances and bags, as well as accessories like filters, tape, soap, and gloves. Colostomy irrigation is defined as introducing a solution through the
Colostomy
This document provides information about colostomies, including:
1. A colostomy is a stoma of the colon that diverts fecal matter and flatus by creating an opening between the colon and skin.
2. Indications for colostomy include both congenital conditions like Hirschsprung's disease and acquired conditions like intestinal obstruction, gangrenous bowel, or protecting a bowel anastomosis.
3. Colostomies can be classified temporally as temporary or permanent, anatomically by the portion of colon used, or constructionally as loop or divided depending on if the bowel is divided or intact.
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This document defines and describes several common terms related to the digestive system: Hematochezia is the passing of bright red blood in stool, which can be caused by cancer, hemorrhoids, diverticulitis, or infection. A colonoscopy examines the large bowel and distal small bowel using a colonoscope to detect and remove polyps or small growths. Hernioplasty is surgery to repair a hernia by repositioning abdominal contents. Lavage involves cleaning the stomach contents by passing a tube and flushing liquid.
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Stomas
A stoma is a surgically created opening that allows stool or urine to exit the body. There are three main types - colostomy, ileostomy, and urostomy. A colostomy diverts feces, while an ileostomy diverts intestinal contents which are usually liquid. A urostomy diverts urine. Complications can include prolapse, retraction, hernia, and skin irritation. When siting a stoma, it is important to choose a well-vascularized area that is away from skin folds, scars, and bony prominences to help prevent these complications.
Investigations - esophagus
Barium swallow, endoscopy, endosonography, and manometry are key investigative tools for evaluating abnormalities of the esophagus. Barium swallow involves ingesting barium sulfate to visualize the esophagus, stomach, and surrounding structures on x-ray. Endoscopy allows direct visualization of the esophagus and biopsy of lesions. Endosonography uses high-frequency sound waves to image the esophageal walls and nearby structures. Manometry assesses esophageal motility and sphincter function by measuring pressure during swallowing. Together these investigations aid in diagnosing conditions such as gastroesophageal reflux disease, tumors, and motility disorders of the esophagus.
Colostomy care
A colostomy is a surgical procedure where a portion of the large intestine is brought through the abdominal wall to carry stool out of the body. It may be temporary or permanent and is commonly performed to treat conditions like cancer, bowel obstructions, or injuries. After surgery, patients require care of the stoma including regularly emptying and changing ostomy pouches. A healthy diet and lifestyle can help manage symptoms and complications after having a colostomy.
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Mesentericcysts
mesenteric cyst is fluid collection between two layers of small bowel mesentery, Mesenteric cysts can be simple or multiple, unilocular or multilocular, and they may contain hemorrhagic, serous, chylous, or infected fluid.
The fluid is serous in ileal and colonic cysts and is chylous in jejunal cysts.
They can range in size from a few millimeters to 40 cm in diameter.
Radiological approach to gastric ulcer disease
This document discusses barium meal (contrast x-ray) studies and their uses in evaluating gastrointestinal conditions. It notes that barium meals are now largely replaced by endoscopy but are still used when endoscopy is incomplete, confusing, or to better visualize certain morphological changes. It then describes the normal radiographic appearance of the stomach and discusses findings for conditions like acute gastritis, peptic ulcers, ulcer complications, and bleeding sites identified on scintigraphy scans.
Urinary Diversion
This document provides an overview of urinary diversion and urinary bladder substitution techniques. It discusses the history and types of urinary diversion, including temporary vs. permanent, external vs. internal, continent vs. incontinent, and definitive vs. palliative diversions. Common techniques described include ileal conduits, colonic conduits, cutaneous continent diversions like Kock pouches, and orthotopic neobladders. Complications of different diversion methods are outlined. Factors in selecting the appropriate diversion type include the patient's age, comorbidities, renal function, and tumor extent/location. The goal is to maximize tumor control while minimizing complications and optimizing quality of life.
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A colonoscopy is a visual exam of the colon and part of the small intestine used to detect colon cancer. Hematochezia is the passage of fresh blood through the anus, which can be a symptom of colon cancer, infections, inflammatory bowel disease, or lack of blood flow to the intestines. A hernioplasty is a surgical procedure to repair a hernia, which is a hole or rupture in the abdomen, through an incision in the groin. An anastomosis is the reconnection of two previously separated structures like blood vessels or loops of intestine.
intestinal Stoma
This document discusses different types of intestinal stomas. It begins by defining a stoma as an opening of the intestinal tract onto the abdominal wall, which can be temporary or permanent. It describes factors to consider when selecting a stoma site, such as avoiding deep folds of fat or scars. The document then covers various types of stomas including colostomies and ileostomies. It provides details on their construction and functions, whether they serve to decompress or divert intestinal contents. Complications that can arise are also mentioned.
Urinary diversion
Urinary diversion procedures are performed to divert urine from the bladder to a new exit site, usually through a surgically created opening (stoma) in the skin.
These procedures are primarily performed when a bladder tumor necessitates removal of the entire bladder (cystectomy).
Urinary diversion has also been used in managing pelvic malignancy, birth defects, strictures, trauma to ureters and urethra, neurogenic bladder, chronic infection causing severe ureteral and renal damage, and intractable interstitial cystitis and as a last resort in managing incontinence.
There are two categories of urinary diversion:
1. Cutaneous urinary diversion : in which urine drains through an opening created in the abdominal wall and skin.
2. Continent urinary diversion : in which a portion of the intestine is used to create a new reservoir for urine.
Stoma
An ostomy is a surgically created opening in the intestine that allows for waste to exit the body into an external bag. There are two main types - an ileostomy, which is created from the small intestine, and a colostomy, which is created from the large intestine. An ostomy may be temporary or permanent and is usually required due to conditions like cancer, IBD, or injury. Attaching the external bag securely is important to prevent complications. Diet and lifestyle adjustments are also needed after an ostomy is created.
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Colonoscopy is a procedure where a flexible tube with a camera is inserted into the anus and advanced through the colon to examine the inside of the colon. Colonoscopy is often done to investigate blood in the stool, abdominal pain, diarrhea, changes in bowel habits, or abnormalities found on other scans. Patients need to do a bowel preparation involving drinking a cleansing solution or being on a clear liquid diet and laxatives for several days before the procedure. Anastomosis is the connection of tubular structures like blood vessels or loops of intestine. It can refer to natural connections or surgical reattachments of resected intestinal segments.
Diseases of the gastrointestinal system
The gastrointestinal system, also known as the digestive system, has three main functions: to digest food, absorb nutrients, and eliminate waste. It is composed of many parts including the teeth, stomach, intestines, and liver. Problems with the GI system can be life threatening and include conditions like cachexia, which causes weight loss and weakness, and high serum bilirubin levels, which can indicate liver disease. Other GI procedures include lavage, where the stomach is pumped using a tube to counteract poisonings, and extractions, where teeth are surgically removed.
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A colostomy is a surgical procedure that brings part of the large intestine out through an opening in the abdominal wall. It may be temporary or permanent and is usually performed after bowel surgery or injury. Different types of colostomies include colostomies, ileostomies, and urostomies, which are named based on where in the digestive tract the opening is created. Proper care and maintenance of a colostomy involves cleaning the skin around the stoma with wipes, checking it regularly with a mirror, and applying new appliances securely.
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Lecture on the various complications of stoma creation for medical student. Encompasses classification, pathophysiology and principles of management.
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Stomas are artificial openings in the abdomen that allow waste to exit the body. There are several types of stomas including ileostomies, colostomies, and ureterostomies. Colostomies specifically create an opening in the colon to divert feces, and can be temporary or permanent depending on the underlying condition. Proper care of stomas involves a healthy diet, hydration, exercise, and regularly changing collection appliances.
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This document discusses colostomy care and procedures. It defines a colostomy as an artificial opening in the large intestine brought to the surface of the abdomen. It then classifies colostomies as either temporary or permanent, and by stoma site or number/type. Common indications for a colostomy include colon cancer, Hirschsprung's disease, and ulcerative colitis. The purpose of colostomy care is to protect the skin, provide drainage, clean and regulate the bowel, and enable patient self-care. Required equipment includes supplies for changing appliances and bags, as well as accessories like filters, tape, soap, and gloves. Colostomy irrigation is defined as introducing a solution through the
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This document provides information about colostomies, including:
1. A colostomy is a stoma of the colon that diverts fecal matter and flatus by creating an opening between the colon and skin.
2. Indications for colostomy include both congenital conditions like Hirschsprung's disease and acquired conditions like intestinal obstruction, gangrenous bowel, or protecting a bowel anastomosis.
3. Colostomies can be classified temporally as temporary or permanent, anatomically by the portion of colon used, or constructionally as loop or divided depending on if the bowel is divided or intact.
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This document defines and describes several common terms related to the digestive system: Hematochezia is the passing of bright red blood in stool, which can be caused by cancer, hemorrhoids, diverticulitis, or infection. A colonoscopy examines the large bowel and distal small bowel using a colonoscope to detect and remove polyps or small growths. Hernioplasty is surgery to repair a hernia by repositioning abdominal contents. Lavage involves cleaning the stomach contents by passing a tube and flushing liquid.
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A stoma is a surgically created opening that allows stool or urine to exit the body. There are three main types - colostomy, ileostomy, and urostomy. A colostomy diverts feces, while an ileostomy diverts intestinal contents which are usually liquid. A urostomy diverts urine. Complications can include prolapse, retraction, hernia, and skin irritation. When siting a stoma, it is important to choose a well-vascularized area that is away from skin folds, scars, and bony prominences to help prevent these complications.
Investigations - esophagus
Barium swallow, endoscopy, endosonography, and manometry are key investigative tools for evaluating abnormalities of the esophagus. Barium swallow involves ingesting barium sulfate to visualize the esophagus, stomach, and surrounding structures on x-ray. Endoscopy allows direct visualization of the esophagus and biopsy of lesions. Endosonography uses high-frequency sound waves to image the esophageal walls and nearby structures. Manometry assesses esophageal motility and sphincter function by measuring pressure during swallowing. Together these investigations aid in diagnosing conditions such as gastroesophageal reflux disease, tumors, and motility disorders of the esophagus.
Colostomy care
A colostomy is a surgical procedure where a portion of the large intestine is brought through the abdominal wall to carry stool out of the body. It may be temporary or permanent and is commonly performed to treat conditions like cancer, bowel obstructions, or injuries. After surgery, patients require care of the stoma including regularly emptying and changing ostomy pouches. A healthy diet and lifestyle can help manage symptoms and complications after having a colostomy.
Hernia
The document defines hernia as a protrusion of an organ through the body wall that contains it, discusses the most common types of hernias including their risk factors, classifications, clinical features, and management through both non-operative and operative approaches such as open and laparoscopic repair. Specific hernia configurations and other rare types are also reviewed, with comparisons in characteristics and treatments.
Mesentericcysts
mesenteric cyst is fluid collection between two layers of small bowel mesentery, Mesenteric cysts can be simple or multiple, unilocular or multilocular, and they may contain hemorrhagic, serous, chylous, or infected fluid.
The fluid is serous in ileal and colonic cysts and is chylous in jejunal cysts.
They can range in size from a few millimeters to 40 cm in diameter.
Radiological approach to gastric ulcer disease
This document discusses barium meal (contrast x-ray) studies and their uses in evaluating gastrointestinal conditions. It notes that barium meals are now largely replaced by endoscopy but are still used when endoscopy is incomplete, confusing, or to better visualize certain morphological changes. It then describes the normal radiographic appearance of the stomach and discusses findings for conditions like acute gastritis, peptic ulcers, ulcer complications, and bleeding sites identified on scintigraphy scans.
Urinary Diversion
This document provides an overview of urinary diversion and urinary bladder substitution techniques. It discusses the history and types of urinary diversion, including temporary vs. permanent, external vs. internal, continent vs. incontinent, and definitive vs. palliative diversions. Common techniques described include ileal conduits, colonic conduits, cutaneous continent diversions like Kock pouches, and orthotopic neobladders. Complications of different diversion methods are outlined. Factors in selecting the appropriate diversion type include the patient's age, comorbidities, renal function, and tumor extent/location. The goal is to maximize tumor control while minimizing complications and optimizing quality of life.
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Stoma modules caring for the stoma patient
The document provides an overview of the role of a nurse specialist in stoma care. It discusses the types of stomas formed, reasons for stoma surgery, and managing stoma appliances and common problems. As a nurse specialist, key responsibilities include educating patients pre-and post-operatively, providing holistic stoma care, managing wound and fistula care, and collaborating with other healthcare professionals to support stoma patients. Changing appliances properly and daily management is important for stoma patients' quality of life.
Defining terms
A colonoscopy is a visual exam of the colon and part of the small intestine used to detect colon cancer. Hematochezia is the passage of fresh blood through the anus, which can be a symptom of colon cancer, infections, inflammatory bowel disease, or lack of blood flow to the intestines. A hernioplasty is a surgical procedure to repair a hernia, which is a hole or rupture in the abdomen, through an incision in the groin. An anastomosis is the reconnection of two previously separated structures like blood vessels or loops of intestine.
intestinal Stoma
This document discusses different types of intestinal stomas. It begins by defining a stoma as an opening of the intestinal tract onto the abdominal wall, which can be temporary or permanent. It describes factors to consider when selecting a stoma site, such as avoiding deep folds of fat or scars. The document then covers various types of stomas including colostomies and ileostomies. It provides details on their construction and functions, whether they serve to decompress or divert intestinal contents. Complications that can arise are also mentioned.
Urinary diversion
Urinary diversion procedures are performed to divert urine from the bladder to a new exit site, usually through a surgically created opening (stoma) in the skin.
These procedures are primarily performed when a bladder tumor necessitates removal of the entire bladder (cystectomy).
Urinary diversion has also been used in managing pelvic malignancy, birth defects, strictures, trauma to ureters and urethra, neurogenic bladder, chronic infection causing severe ureteral and renal damage, and intractable interstitial cystitis and as a last resort in managing incontinence.
There are two categories of urinary diversion:
1. Cutaneous urinary diversion : in which urine drains through an opening created in the abdominal wall and skin.
2. Continent urinary diversion : in which a portion of the intestine is used to create a new reservoir for urine.
Stoma
An ostomy is a surgically created opening in the intestine that allows for waste to exit the body into an external bag. There are two main types - an ileostomy, which is created from the small intestine, and a colostomy, which is created from the large intestine. An ostomy may be temporary or permanent and is usually required due to conditions like cancer, IBD, or injury. Attaching the external bag securely is important to prevent complications. Diet and lifestyle adjustments are also needed after an ostomy is created.
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Presentation 8
Colonoscopy is a procedure where a flexible tube with a camera is inserted into the anus and advanced through the colon to examine the inside of the colon. Colonoscopy is often done to investigate blood in the stool, abdominal pain, diarrhea, changes in bowel habits, or abnormalities found on other scans. Patients need to do a bowel preparation involving drinking a cleansing solution or being on a clear liquid diet and laxatives for several days before the procedure. Anastomosis is the connection of tubular structures like blood vessels or loops of intestine. It can refer to natural connections or surgical reattachments of resected intestinal segments.
Diseases of the gastrointestinal system
The gastrointestinal system, also known as the digestive system, has three main functions: to digest food, absorb nutrients, and eliminate waste. It is composed of many parts including the teeth, stomach, intestines, and liver. Problems with the GI system can be life threatening and include conditions like cachexia, which causes weight loss and weakness, and high serum bilirubin levels, which can indicate liver disease. Other GI procedures include lavage, where the stomach is pumped using a tube to counteract poisonings, and extractions, where teeth are surgically removed.
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The document discusses key terms related to the digestive system. It defines colonoscopy as an endoscopic procedure done with a flexible scope inserted through the anus to examine the colon. Hematochezia is described as the passing of bright red blood in stool, which can indicate issues like colon cancer. Serum bilirubin is defined as a blood test that measures bilirubin levels, with high levels signifying potential liver disease. Hernioplasty is the surgical repair of a hernia, which is a weakness in the abdominal wall.
Digestive system medical terminology
A barium swallow involves drinking barium liquid and undergoing x-ray imaging to examine the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine. Patients are asked to avoid eating or drinking before the test and to hold their breath during imaging. The barium coats the digestive tract and allows visualization of any abnormalities. Results are usually available within a day or two as doctors examine the x-rays for signs of issues like ulcers, cancers, or narrowing. The test carries minimal risks from radiation exposure.
Chapter 8 presentation
Serum bilirubin is a blood test that measures the amount of bilirubin, a byproduct of red blood cell breakdown, in the bloodstream. Elevated bilirubin levels can indicate liver disease or other issues. A hernioplasty is a surgical procedure to repair a hernia, which occurs when an organ bulges through a weakened area of muscle or tissue in the abdominal wall. During the procedure, mesh is often used to repair the weak spot and prevent reoccurrence of the hernia. An anastomosis surgically reconnects two separated organs or vessels, such as reconnecting parts of the intestine after removal of a cancerous section.
The digestive system
The document discusses several terms related to the digestive system:
Colonoscopy is a procedure used to examine the inside of the colon and rectum using a flexible scope.
Choledocholithotripsy is a procedure to crush gallstones in the common bile duct.
Serum bilirubin is a blood test that measures bilirubin levels, which indicates liver function and the ability to process bilirubin.
Extraction refers to the surgical removal of teeth.
Digestive system
A colonoscopy is a test where a flexible scope is inserted through the anus and rectum to examine the colon. During the procedure, polyps can be removed. Lavage refers to cleaning or rinsing an organ by flushing it with a tube. Different types of lavage clean various organs. An anastomosis is a surgical connection between two organs or vessels, such as rejoining sections of intestine. Bitewing x-rays image the back teeth to check for decay between teeth and assess how well the upper and lower teeth align.
Biology 120 Chapter 8 Digestion
The document provides information about various digestive system topics including:
- Bite-wing x-rays which are used to detect tooth decay between teeth and monitor gum health.
- Tooth extractions which remove severely damaged or infected teeth and can be done under local or general anesthesia.
- Serum bilirubin testing which measures levels of this bile product in the blood to identify potential liver or blood issues.
- Hematochezia which is the medical term for blood in stool and can be caused by conditions like hemorrhoids, colon polyps, or infections. Stool testing may be used to identify the source of bleeding.
Ch 8 ss
The document summarizes information about the digestive system, including hematochezia, colonoscopy procedures, hernioplasty surgery, and cachexia. It defines hematochezia as the passage of fresh blood in stool, which can be caused by lower or upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Colonoscopy is described as a procedure to examine the colon and rectum using a flexible scope to detect abnormalities. Hernioplasty is surgery to repair hernias using one's own tissue or mesh. Cachexia is defined as a wasting syndrome involving weight loss, muscle atrophy, and loss of appetite seen in conditions like cancer and AIDS.
Presentation 8 digestive system
Cachexia is characterized by involuntary weight loss, loss of appetite, muscle wasting, and physical weakness, often seen in patients with chronic or severe diseases like cancer, tuberculosis, or AIDS. The management of cachexia can be complicated, as weight loss may be due to illness side effects or treatments. Nutritional therapy and pharmaceuticals may help improve quality of life and life expectancy.
Chapter 8
Lavage is a medical procedure that involves cleaning or washing out a body organ. There are several types of lavage including gastric, bronchoalveolar, bowel, and ear lavage. Anastomosis is a surgical connection of two organs or vessels commonly performed in the gastrointestinal tract, blood vessels, and urinary tract. Cachexia, also known as wasting syndrome, is a loss of body mass due to disease that is difficult to restore even with adequate caloric intake and is common in patients with cancer, AIDS, COPD, CHF, and TB. Dental extraction, also known as exodontia, is the removal of teeth commonly performed for overcrowding, impaction, decay, gum disease, or
Intestinal Obstruction (1).ppt
This document discusses intestinal obstruction, which occurs when the normal flow of intestinal contents is impaired by a blockage. There are several types, including mechanical obstruction by adhesions, tumors, or foreign bodies; paralytic ileus involving impaired intestinal motility; and strangulation obstruction involving compromised blood supply. Symptoms include abdominal pain, distention, vomiting, and constipation or diarrhea. Diagnosis involves imaging and labs. Treatment involves correcting fluid/electrolytes, decompressing the bowel, and sometimes surgery to remove the obstruction. Nursing care focuses on pain relief, maintaining fluid/electrolyte balance, and monitoring for complications like peritonitis.
The Digestive System
Colonoscopy allows doctors to examine the colon and small bowel using a camera on a flexible tube inserted through the anus, enabling visual diagnosis and potential biopsy or removal of lesions. Bite-wing x-rays show the back teeth and how they contact each other, detecting interdental decay and bone loss from gum disease. Lavage involves using a nasogastric tube to wash out the stomach after ingestion of dangerous substances, while extraction is the removal of teeth.
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Fowlkesdigestivesystem
- 1. The Digestive System Chapter 8 Report Lauren Fowlkes
- 2. Basic Definition The digestive system works to provide the body with important nutrient molecules that are brought into the body through the food we eat. Food is broken down mechanically and chemically, nutrient molecules are absorbed, and any food that is not digested or absorbed is eliminated in the form of solid waste.
- 3. This Presentation In this presentation, four terms relating to the digestive system will be explained. The terms are… Bite-Wing X-Ray Serum Bilirubin Lavage Anastomosis
- 4. Bite-Wing X-Ray This is a type of dental radiography that is used to view the posterior teeth on each side of the mouth. Part of the film holder is held between the teeth while the film is parallel to the teeth.
- 5. Uses of Bite-Wing X-Ray Examination of interdental caries (i.e. cavities) Examination of recurrent caries Representation of bone loss in teeth
- 6. Serum Bilirubin This is a blood test used to determine the amount of bilirubin, a waste product excreted in bile and urine, in the blood stream. Jaundice, a yellow coloring of the skin and eyes, often leads a health care provider to suggest this blood test.
- 7. Indications Normal Bilirubin levels are 0.3 to 1.9 mg/dL of blood Abnormal Levels may indicate… Hemolytic anemia Transfusion Reaction Cirrhosis Hepatitis Gilbert’s Disease Biliary Stricture Cancer of the pancreas Gallstones
- 8. Lavage Gastric lavage is the use of a nasogastric (NG) tube in order to clean out the contents of the stomach. It is often done following the ingestion of a dangerous substance, overdose on a drug such as alcohol or before surgery.
- 9. Anastomosis This is the surgical procedure of creating a connection between two organs or vessels. In terms of the digestive system two ends of the intestines are joined together following the removal of a section.
- 10. Common Anastomoses Colostomy- between the bowel and the abdomen Bowel Resection- section is removed and the two ends rejoined Roux-en Y- technique used in several procedures that include: Gastric Bypass Gastrectomy Bile Duct Obstructions