The Chosun Dynasty lasted from 1392 to 1910 CE and was founded by Yi Seung-gye in the aftermath of a Ming Chinese invasion. It established Neo-Confucianism as the state ideology and emphasized Confucian gender roles and family structures. Notable figures included King Sejong, who commissioned the creation of the Korean alphabet Hangul. The dynasty was weakened by the Japanese invasions of the 1590s but maintained a strict isolationist policy. Catholicism was introduced in the late 18th century but faced persecution.
Introduction to two Messiahs - 2 Last Adams - One Mission; Complete Salvation of Mankind.
The lives of Dr Sun Myung Moon - True Parents and Jesus
and their strongly Prophesied lives!
Introduction to two Messiahs - 2 Last Adams - One Mission; Complete Salvation of Mankind.
The lives of Dr Sun Myung Moon - True Parents and Jesus
and their strongly Prophesied lives!
Introduction to two Messiahs - 2 Last Adams - One Mission; Complete Salvation of Mankind.
The lives of Dr Sun Myung Moon - True Parents and Jesus
and their strongly Prophesied lives!
Introduction to two Messiahs - 2 Last Adams - One Mission; Complete Salvation of Mankind.
The lives of Dr Sun Myung Moon - True Parents and Jesus
and their strongly Prophesied lives!
Islam its meaning for modern man by Muhammad Zafrullah Khanmuzaffertahir9
Islam its meaning for modern man by Muhammad Zafrullah Khan
Publisher’s Note
HERE IS THE BEST available introduction to the
history, beliefs, and practices of one of the world’s
most widely-held religions. This book provides an
inside view of a faith that commands the devotion of
nearly one-eighth of the world’s population: moulds
the way of life of countries in the vital crescent from
Malaysia to Morocco: competes strongly with the
Christian missions, especially in Africa and is of
increasing importance in America, particularly among
minority groups.
When the book was first published in 1962,
Aziz S. Atiya of the Center for Intercultural Studies,
University of Utah, wrote that it “fulfils a crying need
for a sound work of scholarship which interprets
Islam from within rather than from without. It is
written with a closely-knit plan, in eloquent style, and
with genuine feeling.”
Islam: Its Meaning for Modern Man is lively in
language, describes Islamic religious practices in full,
and presents in a moving style the basic beliefs of
Moslems. Through this book, people of today can
gain a clear appreciation of the faith that has inspired millions to follow the Prophet’s teachings for thirteen
centuries.
Sir Muhammad Zafrulla Khan was President of
the 17th session of the General Assembly of the United
Nations. A distinguished scholar in world religions, he
is a member of the Ahmadiyya Movement, a
missionary branch of Islam. He has served as
President and Judge of the International Court of
Justice in The Hague, and as Foreign Minister of
Pakistan. For many years he led the Pakistan
Delegation to the General Assembly of the United
Nations.
Explanatory Note
THIS BRIEF EXPOSITION OF THE PRINCIPLES
AND teachings of Islam is based upon the Quran, the
Scripture of Islam. The explanations and illustrations
furnished by the Prophet of Islam have also been
drawn upon. Together these constitute the most
authentic source material on Islam.
Except when otherwise indicated, all references
are to the Quran. Every chapter of the Quran, with the
exception of Chapter 9, which is considered a
continuation of Chapter 8, opens with the verse: “In
the name of Allah, Ever Gracious, Most Merciful.”
The verse is, in each case, part of the revelation. In
most translations, however, this opening verse is not
counted in the numbering of the verses of any given
chapter. This incorrect method of numbering has not
been followed in this volume. The system of
numbering used herein starts with the opening verse
and proceeds accordingly.
There are several English translations of the
Quran. No particular translation has been uniformly
followed in this volume. As Professor Arthur J.
Arberry of Cambridge, England, has pointed out in the Preface to The Koran Interpreted, the Islamic
Scripture is, strictly speaking, untranslatable. Each
verse, indeed each phrase, is rich in meaning, has
several facets, and must
400TH Anniversary Lecture
This talk introduces the first theological definition of the Reformed Church of Ireland. It's author, James Ussher, attempted to bring Presbyterians and Episcopalians into the one church fold and for 20 years his gracious experiment worked. These much forgotten Articles are worthy of our consideration today.
Islam its meaning for modern man by Muhammad Zafrullah Khanmuzaffertahir9
Islam its meaning for modern man by Muhammad Zafrullah Khan
Publisher’s Note
HERE IS THE BEST available introduction to the
history, beliefs, and practices of one of the world’s
most widely-held religions. This book provides an
inside view of a faith that commands the devotion of
nearly one-eighth of the world’s population: moulds
the way of life of countries in the vital crescent from
Malaysia to Morocco: competes strongly with the
Christian missions, especially in Africa and is of
increasing importance in America, particularly among
minority groups.
When the book was first published in 1962,
Aziz S. Atiya of the Center for Intercultural Studies,
University of Utah, wrote that it “fulfils a crying need
for a sound work of scholarship which interprets
Islam from within rather than from without. It is
written with a closely-knit plan, in eloquent style, and
with genuine feeling.”
Islam: Its Meaning for Modern Man is lively in
language, describes Islamic religious practices in full,
and presents in a moving style the basic beliefs of
Moslems. Through this book, people of today can
gain a clear appreciation of the faith that has inspired millions to follow the Prophet’s teachings for thirteen
centuries.
Sir Muhammad Zafrulla Khan was President of
the 17th session of the General Assembly of the United
Nations. A distinguished scholar in world religions, he
is a member of the Ahmadiyya Movement, a
missionary branch of Islam. He has served as
President and Judge of the International Court of
Justice in The Hague, and as Foreign Minister of
Pakistan. For many years he led the Pakistan
Delegation to the General Assembly of the United
Nations.
Explanatory Note
THIS BRIEF EXPOSITION OF THE PRINCIPLES
AND teachings of Islam is based upon the Quran, the
Scripture of Islam. The explanations and illustrations
furnished by the Prophet of Islam have also been
drawn upon. Together these constitute the most
authentic source material on Islam.
Except when otherwise indicated, all references
are to the Quran. Every chapter of the Quran, with the
exception of Chapter 9, which is considered a
continuation of Chapter 8, opens with the verse: “In
the name of Allah, Ever Gracious, Most Merciful.”
The verse is, in each case, part of the revelation. In
most translations, however, this opening verse is not
counted in the numbering of the verses of any given
chapter. This incorrect method of numbering has not
been followed in this volume. The system of
numbering used herein starts with the opening verse
and proceeds accordingly.
There are several English translations of the
Quran. No particular translation has been uniformly
followed in this volume. As Professor Arthur J.
Arberry of Cambridge, England, has pointed out in the Preface to The Koran Interpreted, the Islamic
Scripture is, strictly speaking, untranslatable. Each
verse, indeed each phrase, is rich in meaning, has
several facets, and must
400TH Anniversary Lecture
This talk introduces the first theological definition of the Reformed Church of Ireland. It's author, James Ussher, attempted to bring Presbyterians and Episcopalians into the one church fold and for 20 years his gracious experiment worked. These much forgotten Articles are worthy of our consideration today.
K TO 12 GRADE 7 LEARNING MODULE IN ARALING PANLIPUNANLiGhT ArOhL
Learning materials / modules in Araling Panlipunan for Grade 7, Module 1 to 5. I combined the 5 modules. it was separated by a blank blue page for the module 3,4,5. hope it will help so u will download the whole modules. i will upload the revised module 3. check it in my slideshare.
Orient-ation”Of East AsiaNations of East AsiaCh.docxalfred4lewis58146
“Orient-ation”
Of East Asia
Nations of East AsiaChina, 90 percent of the land mass; 1.3 billion people make it most populated country in world, Communists took control in 1949.Japan, islands east of China (frequent invader), 127 million residentsNorth Korea, communist but leader-worship, 22.5 million people; shares Korean peninsula with…
Nations of East AsiaSouth Korea, 49 million people; fought war with north in 1950s-early 1960s; now has hostile border with northTaiwan, island just off Chinese coast, 23 million residents, fighting cold war against unification with communist China
History of ChinaShang Dynasty, emerged 1750 BCE, highly organized society developsChou Dynasty (1122-222 BCE), western Chou people take control; formed semi-independent states; ends with Warring States Period; Confucianism and Daoism come out of thisCh’in Dynasty (221-206 BCE), first strong central government in China, start 4,000 mile-long Great Wall of China
History of ChinaHan Dynasty (202 BCE-220 CE), Confucianism becomes foundation for government and education system; trade with Europe begins; Indian missionaries bring Buddhism to ChinaPost-Han, three competing kingdoms, Buddhism spreads
History of ChinaTang Dynasty (618-907), brought prosperity, made capital, Ch’ang-an (now Sian), great cultural center, Meditation and Pure Land Buddhism schools compete with ConfucianismSung Dynasty (907-1279), Confucian-educated civil servants dominate government; Neo-Confucianism combines Buddhist and Daoist philosophy with Confucianism and receives state endorsement
History of ChinaYuan Dynasty (1279-1368), established by Kublai Khan and Mongol invaders, Marco Polo (1254-1324) visits at this timeMing Dynasty (1368-1644), stability, prosperity and great vases; believe culturally superior and rebuff European traders and Christian missionaries
History of ChinaCh’ing Dynasty (1644-1911), Manchuria rule, occupy Taiwan in 1683. Prosperity and wealth until decline due to rapid population growth in late 18th and 19th centuriesOpium War (1839-1842), between China and Great Britain, caused by Chinese resistance to opium smuggling into China, but Great Britain won
History of ChinaNan-ching treaty gives Hong Kong to Great Britain and opens some ports, massive trade in tea and silk (Hong Kong restored to China in 1997 with some degree of autonomy)China weakened by Taiping Rebellion (1851-1864), war with Japan (1894-1895) and Boxer rebellion in 1900
History of ChinaRepublic established by nationalist revolution led by Western-educated doctor, Sun Yat-sen, deposes last emperor, six year-old boy, in 1912 (“The Last Emperor”)After period of struggle, Chaing Kai-shek succeeds Sun Yat-sen as Nationalist Party head in 1925, unifies China in 1928
History of ChinaDuring World War II, Japan invades China in 1931 and controls most of country by 1938Near end of war in 1945, civil war breaks out between Nationalists and Commmunists (latter led by Mao Zedong). Commun.
What Should be the Christian View of Anime?Joe Muraguri
We will learn what Anime is and see what a Christian should consider before watching anime movies? We will also learn a little bit of Shintoism religion and hentai (the craze of internet pornography today).
Homily: The Solemnity of the Most Holy Trinity Sunday 2024.docxJames Knipper
Countless volumes have been written trying to explain the mystery of three persons in one true God, leaving us to resort to metaphors such as the three-leaf clover to try to comprehend the Divinity. Many of us grew up with the quintessential pyramidal Trinity structure of God at the top and Son and Spirit in opposite corners. But what if we looked at this ‘mystery’ from a different perspective? What if we shifted our language of God as a being towards the concept of God as love? What if we focused more on the relationship within the Trinity versus the persons of the Trinity? What if stopped looking at God as a noun…and instead considered God as a verb? Check it out…
The Good News, newsletter for June 2024 is hereNoHo FUMC
Our monthly newsletter is available to read online. We hope you will join us each Sunday in person for our worship service. Make sure to subscribe and follow us on YouTube and social media.
Lesson 9 - Resisting Temptation Along the Way.pptxCelso Napoleon
Lesson 9 - Resisting Temptation Along the Way
SBs – Sunday Bible School
Adult Bible Lessons 2nd quarter 2024 CPAD
MAGAZINE: THE CAREER THAT IS PROPOSED TO US: The Path of Salvation, Holiness and Perseverance to Reach Heaven
Commentator: Pastor Osiel Gomes
Presentation: Missionary Celso Napoleon
Renewed in Grace
In Jude 17-23 Jude shifts from piling up examples of false teachers from the Old Testament to a series of practical exhortations that flow from apostolic instruction. He preserves for us what may well have been part of the apostolic catechism for the first generation of Christ-followers. In these instructions Jude exhorts the believer to deal with 3 different groups of people: scoffers who are "devoid of the Spirit", believers who have come under the influence of scoffers and believers who are so entrenched in false teaching that they need rescue and pose some real spiritual risk for the rescuer. In all of this Jude emphasizes Jesus' call to rescue straying sheep, leaving the 99 safely behind and pursuing the 1.
The PBHP DYC ~ Reflections on The Dhamma (English).pptxOH TEIK BIN
A PowerPoint Presentation based on the Dhamma Reflections for the PBHP DYC for the years 1993 – 2012. To motivate and inspire DYC members to keep on practicing the Dhamma and to do the meritorious deed of Dhammaduta work.
The texts are in English.
For the Video with audio narration, comments and texts in English, please check out the Link:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zF2g_43NEa0
The Book of Joshua is the sixth book in the Hebrew Bible and the Old Testament, and is the first book of the Deuteronomistic history, the story of Israel from the conquest of Canaan to the Babylonian exile.
The Chakra System in our body - A Portal to Interdimensional Consciousness.pptxBharat Technology
each chakra is studied in greater detail, several steps have been included to
strengthen your personal intention to open each chakra more fully. These are designed
to draw forth the highest benefit for your spiritual growth.
2. Pre-Yi Dynasty History
• Three Kingdoms (A.D. 100-668)
• Koguryo
• Silla
• Paekche
• Silla (676-1392)
• With aid of Tang China.
• Chinese culture.
• Buddhism dominated.
• Examination system, but..
• for aristocrats and not all classes.
• Aristocratic land came from king. 2
3. Koryo Dynasty (918-1392)
Wang Kon founder.
Aristocrats took back their land as
theirs not bestowed upon them by
ruler... a trend?
Buddhism state religion.
Power struggles
MONGOL CONQUEST 11TH - 12TH
CENTURY.
3
5. Chosun’s Beginnings:
Ming China invades Korea
1392
Yi Seung-kye is dispatched to repel Ming attack
6. Chosun’s Beginnings:
Ming China invades Korea
1392
Yi Seung-kye is dispatched to repel Ming attack
Concludes he can’t win
7. Chosun’s Beginnings:
Ming China invades Korea
1392
Yi Seung-kye is dispatched to repel Ming attack
Concludes he can’t win
Negotiates with invaders
8. Chosun’s Beginnings:
Ming China invades Korea
1392
Yi Seung-kye is dispatched to repel Ming attack
Concludes he can’t win
Negotiates with invaders
Returns to Kaesung and takes over city with Ming help
9. Chosun’s Beginnings:
Ming China invades Korea
1392
Yi Seung-kye is dispatched to repel Ming attack
Concludes he can’t win
Negotiates with invaders
Returns to Kaesung and takes over city with Ming help
Ming alliance
10. Chosun’s Beginnings:
Ming China invades Korea
1392
Yi Seung-kye is dispatched to repel Ming attack
Concludes he can’t win
Negotiates with invaders
Returns to Kaesung and takes over city with Ming help
Ming alliance
New Chosun Dynasty
11. Chosun’s Beginnings:
Ming China invades Korea
1392
Yi Seung-kye is dispatched to repel Ming attack
Concludes he can’t win
Negotiates with invaders
Returns to Kaesung and takes over city with Ming help
Ming alliance
New Chosun Dynasty
Named by Ming Emperor
12. Chosun’s Beginnings:
Ming China invades Korea
1392
Yi Seung-kye is dispatched to repel Ming attack
Concludes he can’t win
Negotiates with invaders
Returns to Kaesung and takes over city with Ming help
Ming alliance
New Chosun Dynasty
Named by Ming Emperor
-- – “Morning Calm”
17. Yi’s diagnosis of Koryo’s failings:
Buddhism – too influential
Confucianism is the answer
18. Yi’s diagnosis of Koryo’s failings:
Buddhism – too influential
Confucianism is the answer
Focus on Confucian relationships and virtues
19. Yi’s diagnosis of Koryo’s failings:
Buddhism – too influential
Confucianism is the answer
Focus on Confucian relationships and virtues
Five Relationships
20. Yi’s diagnosis of Koryo’s failings:
Buddhism – too influential
Confucianism is the answer
Focus on Confucian relationships and virtues
Five Relationships
Hyo (filial piety) is the core virtue
21. Yi’s diagnosis of Koryo’s failings:
Buddhism – too influential
Confucianism is the answer
Focus on Confucian relationships and virtues
Five Relationships
Hyo (filial piety) is the core virtue
Neo-Confucian orthodoxy
26. Chosun and Gender
Patrilocal marriage
Rigid patriarchy
Women’s roles
Strict obedience
27. Chosun and Gender
Patrilocal marriage
Rigid patriarchy
Women’s roles
Strict obedience
Produce a son
28. Chosun and Gender
Patrilocal marriage
Rigid patriarchy
Women’s roles
Strict obedience
Produce a son
Woman’s Three Lords:
29. Chosun and Gender
Patrilocal marriage
Rigid patriarchy
Women’s roles
Strict obedience
Produce a son
Woman’s Three Lords:
Father … Husband … Son
30. Chosun and Gender
Patrilocal marriage
Rigid patriarchy
Women’s roles
Strict obedience
Produce a son
Woman’s Three Lords:
Father … Husband … Son
Strict Chastity
31. Chosun and Gender
Patrilocal marriage
Rigid patriarchy
Women’s roles
Strict obedience
Produce a son
Woman’s Three Lords:
Father … Husband … Son
Strict Chastity
Chosun women’s small dagger
36. Religious intolerance
Buddhism
Persecuted
Driven out of cities
Lands confiscated – hence: Mountain Temples
37. Religious intolerance
Buddhism
Persecuted
Driven out of cities
Lands confiscated – hence: Mountain Temples
Becomes a religion predominantly of women
40. Chosun Dynasty
Censorate system
Confucian Secret Investigator
41. Chosun Dynasty
Censorate system
Confucian Secret Investigator
42. Chosun Dynasty
Censorate system
Confucian Secret Investigator
Focus on Scholarship:
43. Chosun Dynasty
Censorate system
Confucian Secret Investigator
Focus on Scholarship:
Sungkyunkwan University 1400s
44. Chosun Dynasty
Censorate system
Confucian Secret Investigator
Focus on Scholarship:
Sungkyunkwan University 1400s
Focused on Confucian Scholarship
45. Chosun Dynasty
Censorate system
Confucian Secret Investigator
Focus on Scholarship:
Sungkyunkwan University 1400s
Focused on Confucian Scholarship
Now a major, modern university
47. King Sejong:
1418-1450
Patron of Arts and Sciences
48. King Sejong:
1418-1450
Patron of Arts and Sciences
Printing of Confucian
classics
49. King Sejong:
1418-1450
Patron of Arts and Sciences
Printing of Confucian
classics
Moveable type used heavily
50. King Sejong:
1418-1450
Patron of Arts and Sciences
Printing of Confucian
classics
Moveable type used heavily
Hangul
51. King Sejong:
1418-1450
Patron of Arts and Sciences
Printing of Confucian
classics
Moveable type used heavily
Hangul
Commissioned Korea’s
Phonetic Script
52. King Sejong:
1418-1450
Patron of Arts and Sciences
Printing of Confucian
classics
Moveable type used heavily
Hangul
Commissioned Korea’s
Phonetic Script
His most famous
accomplishment
56. Hideyoshi Invasion: 1592
Korea occupied,
ransacked
National treasures
destroyed
Tremendous animosity
developed
57. Hideyoshi Invasion: 1592
Korea occupied,
ransacked
National treasures
destroyed
Tremendous animosity
developed
58. Hideyoshi Invasion: 1592
Korea occupied,
ransacked
National treasures
destroyed
Tremendous animosity
developed
Non’gae -- “Patriotic
Kisaeng”( , )
“the rock of
righteousness”
62. Turtle ships
Korea Liberated
Reemphasize Confucianism: Korea is the
last bastion of civilization…
63. Turtle ships
Korea Liberated
Reemphasize Confucianism: Korea is the
last bastion of civilization…
Korea as the Hermit Kingdom
64. Catholics Enter Korea: 1784
Kim Taegon:
(Andrew Kim),
Korea’s first
native priest.
Martyred 1847;
Beatified 1925
65. Catholics Enter Korea: 1784
Two Korean Yangban Discover
Catholicism in China
Kim Taegon:
(Andrew Kim),
Korea’s first
native priest.
Martyred 1847;
Beatified 1925
66. Catholics Enter Korea: 1784
Two Korean Yangban Discover
Catholicism in China
Convert
Kim Taegon:
(Andrew Kim),
Korea’s first
native priest.
Martyred 1847;
Beatified 1925
67. Catholics Enter Korea: 1784
Two Korean Yangban Discover
Catholicism in China
Convert
Bring back Catholic books Kim Taegon:
(Andrew Kim),
Korea’s first
native priest.
Martyred 1847;
Beatified 1925
68. Catholics Enter Korea: 1784
Two Korean Yangban Discover
Catholicism in China
Convert
Bring back Catholic books Kim Taegon:
(Andrew Kim),
Teach Catholicism in Korea Korea’s first
native priest.
Martyred 1847;
Beatified 1925
69. Catholics Enter Korea: 1784
Two Korean Yangban Discover
Catholicism in China
Convert
Bring back Catholic books Kim Taegon:
(Andrew Kim),
Teach Catholicism in Korea Korea’s first
native priest.
Martyred 1847;
Beatified 1925
70. Catholics Enter Korea: 1784
Two Korean Yangban Discover
Catholicism in China
Convert
Bring back Catholic books Kim Taegon:
(Andrew Kim),
Teach Catholicism in Korea Korea’s first
native priest.
Martyred 1847;
French priests sneak in Beatified 1925
71. Catholics Enter Korea: 1784
Two Korean Yangban Discover
Catholicism in China
Convert
Bring back Catholic books Kim Taegon:
(Andrew Kim),
Teach Catholicism in Korea Korea’s first
native priest.
Martyred 1847;
French priests sneak in Beatified 1925
Chesa condemned as “worship”
72. Catholics Enter Korea: 1784
Two Korean Yangban Discover
Catholicism in China
Convert
Bring back Catholic books Kim Taegon:
(Andrew Kim),
Teach Catholicism in Korea Korea’s first
native priest.
Martyred 1847;
French priests sneak in Beatified 1925
Chesa condemned as “worship”
Catholicism not warmly welcomed by
government
76. Catholics In Korea
Silk letter 1801
Smuggled with tribute mission
to China
Discovered
77. Catholics In Korea
Silk letter 1801
Smuggled with tribute mission
to China
Discovered
Requested French intervention to ensure Catholic
rights in Korea
78. Catholics In Korea
Silk letter 1801
Smuggled with tribute mission
to China
Discovered
Requested French intervention to ensure Catholic
rights in Korea
Chesa Controversy
79. Catholics In Korea
Silk letter 1801
Smuggled with tribute mission
to China
Discovered
Requested French intervention to ensure Catholic
rights in Korea
Chesa Controversy
Catholics forbidden to perform Chesa
80. Catholics In Korea
Silk letter 1801
Smuggled with tribute mission
to China
Discovered
Requested French intervention to ensure Catholic
rights in Korea
Chesa Controversy
Catholics forbidden to perform Chesa
Government declares Catholicism illegal
81. Catholics In Korea
Silk letter 1801
Smuggled with tribute mission
to China
Discovered
Requested French intervention to ensure Catholic
rights in Korea
Chesa Controversy
Catholics forbidden to perform Chesa
Government declares Catholicism illegal
Catholic Pogroms: 1860s
82. Catholics In Korea
Silk letter 1801
Smuggled with tribute mission
to China
Discovered
Requested French intervention to ensure Catholic
rights in Korea
Chesa Controversy
Catholics forbidden to perform Chesa
Government declares Catholicism illegal
Catholic Pogroms: 1860s
Thousands beheaded
83. Catholics In Korea
Silk letter 1801
Smuggled with tribute mission
to China
Discovered
Requested French intervention to ensure Catholic
rights in Korea
Chesa Controversy
Catholics forbidden to perform Chesa
Government declares Catholicism illegal
Catholic Pogroms: 1860s
Thousands beheaded
French Respond with brief naval attack
87. Catholics In Korea
Catholics (mostly Yangban) retreat from
public life
Live in small villages
Make ceramic pots
88. Catholics In Korea
Catholics (mostly Yangban) retreat from
public life
Live in small villages
Make ceramic pots
Kimchi Pots
89. Catholics In Korea
Catholics (mostly Yangban) retreat from
public life
Live in small villages
Make ceramic pots
Kimchi Pots
“Potter” is slang for
Catholic
92. Korea and the West
General Sherman incident 1866
American Merchant Marine Ship
93. Korea and the West
General Sherman incident 1866
American Merchant Marine Ship
Sunk and burned
94. Korea and the West
General Sherman incident 1866
American Merchant Marine Ship
Sunk and burned
95. Korea and the West
General Sherman incident 1866
American Merchant Marine Ship
Sunk and burned
1871 retaliation for General Sherman
96. Korea and the West
General Sherman incident 1866
American Merchant Marine Ship
Sunk and burned
1871 retaliation for General Sherman
US sends retaliatory naval strike
97. Korea and the West
General Sherman incident 1866
American Merchant Marine Ship
Sunk and burned
1871 retaliation for General Sherman
US sends retaliatory naval strike
98. Korea and the West
General Sherman incident 1866
American Merchant Marine Ship
Sunk and burned
1871 retaliation for General Sherman
US sends retaliatory naval strike
Pressure from Japan
99. Korea and the West
General Sherman incident 1866
American Merchant Marine Ship
Sunk and burned
1871 retaliation for General Sherman
US sends retaliatory naval strike
Pressure from Japan
Treaty of Kanghwa 1874: first unequal treaty – Japan
100. Korea and the West
General Sherman incident 1866
American Merchant Marine Ship
Sunk and burned
1871 retaliation for General Sherman
US sends retaliatory naval strike
Pressure from Japan
Treaty of Kanghwa 1874: first unequal treaty – Japan
Grants Japan special rights in Korea
101. Korea and the West
General Sherman incident 1866
American Merchant Marine Ship
Sunk and burned
1871 retaliation for General Sherman
US sends retaliatory naval strike
Pressure from Japan
Treaty of Kanghwa 1874: first unequal treaty – Japan
Grants Japan special rights in Korea
Japan may intervene if other nations do
102. Korea and the West
General Sherman incident 1866
American Merchant Marine Ship
Sunk and burned
1871 retaliation for General Sherman
US sends retaliatory naval strike
Pressure from Japan
Treaty of Kanghwa 1874: first unequal treaty – Japan
Grants Japan special rights in Korea
Japan may intervene if other nations do
Koreans recognize the threat, but are powerless to resist
105. Korea and the West
1882: first US Treaty
“Good offices” clause
106. Korea and the West
1882: first US Treaty
“Good offices” clause
107. Korea and the West
1882: first US Treaty
“Good offices” clause
Korea sees it as mutual defense
108. Korea and the West
1882: first US Treaty
“Good offices” clause
Korea sees it as mutual defense
Protection from the real threat: Japan
109. Korea and the West
1882: first US Treaty
“Good offices” clause
Korea sees it as mutual defense
Protection from the real threat: Japan
West, esp. US, seen as potential savior
from the more-threatening Japanese
111. Korea and the West
Protestants
1884 Dr. Horace Allen
112. Korea and the West
Protestants
1884 Dr. Horace Allen
MD to the US Consulate
113. Korea and the West
Protestants
1884 Dr. Horace Allen
MD to the US Consulate
Presbyterian Missionary
114. Korea and the West
Protestants
1884 Dr. Horace Allen
MD to the US Consulate
Presbyterian Missionary
Heals Korean Crown Prince
115. Korea and the West
Protestants
1884 Dr. Horace Allen
MD to the US Consulate
Presbyterian Missionary
Heals Korean Crown Prince
Granted one favor
116. Korea and the West
Protestants
1884 Dr. Horace Allen
MD to the US Consulate
Presbyterian Missionary
Heals Korean Crown Prince
Granted one favor
117. Korea and the West
Protestants
1884 Dr. Horace Allen
MD to the US Consulate
Presbyterian Missionary
Heals Korean Crown Prince
Granted one favor
Requests freedom of religion for
Korea and missionary rights for
Christianity
120. Protestants in Korea
Enter 1884
Adopt Nevius Method
Service: education, medical care, etc
Focus on poor and women
Cultivate local clergy and leadership ASAP
Prepare for local church independence
124. Protestants
in Korea
Bible ( )
is the first major “The Board of Bible
work published in Translation”
hangul ( ) – not Chinese
125. Protestants
in Korea
Bible ( )
is the first major “The Board of Bible
work published in Translation”
hangul ( ) – not Chinese
Prompts the beginning of Hangul literature
movement
130. Protestants in Korea
Presbyterian Structure
Governance by “Elders”
Lay leaders play major role: High prestige
Democratic, participatory structure
131. Protestants in Korea
Presbyterian Structure
Governance by “Elders”
Lay leaders play major role: High prestige
Democratic, participatory structure
Koreans flock to Presbyterians
132. Protestants in Korea
Presbyterian Structure
Governance by “Elders”
Lay leaders play major role: High prestige
Democratic, participatory structure
Koreans flock to Presbyterians
133. Protestants in Korea
Presbyterian Structure
Governance by “Elders”
Lay leaders play major role: High prestige
Democratic, participatory structure
Koreans flock to Presbyterians
Christians seen as connected with America
134. Protestants in Korea
Presbyterian Structure
Governance by “Elders”
Lay leaders play major role: High prestige Yonesi University:
Original Hall
Democratic, participatory structure
Founded as
Koreans flock to Presbyterians Yonsei school for
Boys, 1885
Christians seen as connected with America
America seen as the one hope for protection from Japan
135. Protestants in Korea
Presbyterian Structure
Governance by “Elders”
Lay leaders play major role: High prestige Yonesi University:
Original Hall
Democratic, participatory structure
Founded as
Koreans flock to Presbyterians Yonsei school for
Boys, 1885
Christians seen as connected with America
America seen as the one hope for protection from Japan
Western Education (in Christian Schools) seen as the key
to modernizing the nation
136. Protestants in Korea
Presbyterian Structure
Governance by “Elders”
Lay leaders play major role: High prestige Yonesi University:
Original Hall
Democratic, participatory structure
Founded as
Koreans flock to Presbyterians Yonsei school for
Boys, 1885
Christians seen as connected with America
America seen as the one hope for protection from Japan
Western Education (in Christian Schools) seen as the key
to modernizing the nation
Non-Christian Korean nationalists flock to Christian
schools for modern, Western education
138. Protestants in Korea
Provide Best education available
Ewha Women’s
University:
Founded as Ewha
School for Girls,
1885
139. Protestants in Korea
Provide Best education available
Ewha Women’s
University:
Founded as Ewha
School for Girls,
1885
140. Protestants in Korea
Provide Best education available
Become core to nationalist and
Ewha Women’s
University:
Founded as Ewha
School for Girls,
1885
141. Protestants in Korea
Provide Best education available
Become core to nationalist and
Ewha Women’s
modernization movements University:
Founded as Ewha
School for Girls,
1885
142. Protestants in Korea
Provide Best education available
Become core to nationalist and
Ewha Women’s
modernization movements University:
Founded as Ewha
School for Girls,
1885
143. Protestants in Korea
Provide Best education available
Become core to nationalist and
Ewha Women’s
modernization movements University:
Founded as Ewha
School for Girls,
Grow and develop rapidly 1885
144. Protestants in Korea
Provide Best education available
Become core to nationalist and
Ewha Women’s
modernization movements University:
Founded as Ewha
School for Girls,
Grow and develop rapidly 1885
145. Protestants in Korea
Provide Best education available
Become core to nationalist and
Ewha Women’s
modernization movements University:
Founded as Ewha
School for Girls,
Grow and develop rapidly 1885
Develop a strong national network of hundreds of
churches and many thousands of members by 1900
147. Late Chosun Government:
Decay and Stagnation
Government stagnates and tries to avoid
reform or Western interaction as much
as possible
148. Late Chosun Government:
Decay and Stagnation
Government stagnates and tries to avoid
reform or Western interaction as much
as possible
Dominated by Conservative Queen Min
149. Late Chosun Government:
Decay and Stagnation
Government stagnates and tries to avoid
reform or Western interaction as much
as possible
Dominated by Conservative Queen Min
Queen Min, like China’s Empress Dowager, was a
traditionalist
150. Late Chosun Government:
Decay and Stagnation
Government stagnates and tries to avoid
reform or Western interaction as much
as possible
Dominated by Conservative Queen Min
Queen Min, like China’s Empress Dowager, was a
traditionalist
Kabo Reforms: Attempt to modernize after Queen Min’s
death
151. Late Chosun Government:
Decay and Stagnation
Government stagnates and tries to avoid
reform or Western interaction as much
as possible
Dominated by Conservative Queen Min
Queen Min, like China’s Empress Dowager, was a
traditionalist
Kabo Reforms: Attempt to modernize after Queen Min’s
death
Modernization effort, but too little, too late
154. Tonghak Rebellion
Tonghak Rebellion: 1894 (Eastern Learning)
Nativist movement growing out of the Chundokyo
Religion (a native Korean religion borrowing both
from Daoism and Christianity)
155. Tonghak Rebellion
Tonghak Rebellion: 1894 (Eastern Learning)
Nativist movement growing out of the Chundokyo
Religion (a native Korean religion borrowing both
from Daoism and Christianity)
Deeply Anti foreign
156. Tonghak Rebellion
Tonghak Rebellion: 1894 (Eastern Learning)
Nativist movement growing out of the Chundokyo
Religion (a native Korean religion borrowing both
from Daoism and Christianity)
Deeply Anti foreign
Chosun Government could not repress the Tonghaks
157. Tonghak Rebellion
Tonghak Rebellion: 1894 (Eastern Learning)
Nativist movement growing out of the Chundokyo
Religion (a native Korean religion borrowing both
from Daoism and Christianity)
Deeply Anti foreign
Chosun Government could not repress the Tonghaks
Calls in China and Japan asserts 1874 treaty to follow
158. Tonghak Rebellion
Tonghak Rebellion: 1894 (Eastern Learning)
Nativist movement growing out of the Chundokyo
Religion (a native Korean religion borrowing both
from Daoism and Christianity)
Deeply Anti foreign
Chosun Government could not repress the Tonghaks
Calls in China and Japan asserts 1874 treaty to follow
159. Tonghak Rebellion
Tonghak Rebellion: 1894 (Eastern Learning)
Nativist movement growing out of the Chundokyo
Religion (a native Korean religion borrowing both
from Daoism and Christianity)
Deeply Anti foreign
Chosun Government could not repress the Tonghaks
Calls in China and Japan asserts 1874 treaty to follow
Sino-Japanese War 1894-95
161. Chosun Collapse
Chosun Weakened
Kyongbok Palace:
Center of Chosun rule
162. Chosun Collapse
Chosun Weakened
King even seeks protection Kyongbok Palace:
Center of Chosun rule
in Russian Embassy
163. Chosun Collapse
Chosun Weakened
King even seeks protection Kyongbok Palace:
Center of Chosun rule
in Russian Embassy
Russo-Japanese War 1904-05
164. Chosun Collapse
Chosun Weakened
King even seeks protection Kyongbok Palace:
Center of Chosun rule
in Russian Embassy
Russo-Japanese War 1904-05
Russia forced to leave
165. Chosun Collapse
Chosun Weakened
King even seeks protection Kyongbok Palace:
Center of Chosun rule
in Russian Embassy
Russo-Japanese War 1904-05
Russia forced to leave
Korea becomes a Japanese protectorate
Meaning Japan “protects” (dominates) Korea
168. Japanese Occupation
1910-1945
Koreans continue to look to US as potential
savior
Look to Protestant churches as special
connection to America
169. Japanese Occupation
1910-1945
Koreans continue to look to US as potential
savior
Look to Protestant churches as special
connection to America
Japan annexes Korea 1910
170. Japanese Occupation
1910-1945
Koreans continue to look to US as potential
savior
Look to Protestant churches as special
connection to America
Japan annexes Korea 1910
Taft-Katsura Agreement
171. Japanese Occupation
1910-1945
Koreans continue to look to US as potential
savior
Look to Protestant churches as special
connection to America
Japan annexes Korea 1910
Taft-Katsura Agreement
US concurs secretly that Japan should lead to
modernize and develop Korea
172. Japanese Occupation
1910-1945
Koreans continue to look to US as potential
savior
Look to Protestant churches as special
connection to America
Japan annexes Korea 1910
Taft-Katsura Agreement
US concurs secretly that Japan should lead to
modernize and develop Korea
Protestant Missionaries agree:
Japan is the one modern Asian Nation
Korean’s need Japanese tutelage
Koreans today see this as a major betrayal
