Islam and Christianity share some similarities as Abrahamic faiths that worship the God of Abraham. However, there are also significant differences between the two: - Christianity believes Jesus is God incarnate, the son of God, and the second person of the Trinity. Islam believes Jesus was a prophet but not divine or the son of God. - Christianity's central teachings revolve around Jesus' crucifixion and resurrection, which provide salvation and eternal life. Islam does not recognize the crucifixion or Jesus' divine status. - Christianity's sacred text is the Bible, comprised of the Old and New Testaments. Islam's sacred text is the Quran, believed to be the literal word of God as revealed to

1. IslamIslam

3. I. History of IslamI. History of Islam
A.A. Muslims trace their linage back toMuslims trace their linage back to
Abraham through Ishmael.Abraham through Ishmael.

4. I. History of IslamI. History of Islam
B. Islam officially begins with the revelationsB. Islam officially begins with the revelations
given to Muhammad and he founded whatgiven to Muhammad and he founded what
became known as Islam.became known as Islam.
1. Muhammad1. Muhammad
-Merchant who traveled Middle East-Merchant who traveled Middle East
-Went to caves outside of Mecca to pray-Went to caves outside of Mecca to pray

5. I. History of IslamI. History of Islam
1. Muhammad1. Muhammad
-was upset with the moral decay-was upset with the moral decay
-visited by the angel Gabriel in the-visited by the angel Gabriel in the
caves with messages from God.caves with messages from God.
-Muhammad thought he was-Muhammad thought he was
crazy but his wife encouragedcrazy but his wife encouraged
him to listen.him to listen.
-he spreads his teachings in Mecca-he spreads his teachings in Mecca
and Medinaand Medina

6. I. History of IslamI. History of Islam
C.C. The main point of Islam was to spreadThe main point of Islam was to spread
monotheism to end polytheistic beliefs inmonotheism to end polytheistic beliefs in
Arabia and return to following the God ofArabia and return to following the God of
the Jews and Christians.the Jews and Christians.
D.D. Muhammad died in battle at the age of 62Muhammad died in battle at the age of 62
(almost 40 years after the revelations(almost 40 years after the revelations
began). Muslims believe that he is the lastbegan). Muslims believe that he is the last
of the prophets.of the prophets.

8. II. Requirements of IslamII. Requirements of Islam
A.A. The 5 PillarsThe 5 Pillars
1. Shahada – The central belief of Islam1. Shahada – The central belief of Islam
““There is no God but Allah andThere is no God but Allah and
Muhammad is His messenger.”Muhammad is His messenger.”

9. II. Requirements of IslamII. Requirements of Islam
A.A. The 5 PillarsThe 5 Pillars
2. Salat – Praying the prescribed prayers2. Salat – Praying the prescribed prayers
in the prescribed manner.in the prescribed manner.
-pray (Rakah) 5 times a day at the correct-pray (Rakah) 5 times a day at the correct
timetime
-bow towards Mecca-bow towards Mecca
-faith in Muhammad and Allah is declared-faith in Muhammad and Allah is declared
after each prayer positionafter each prayer position

10. Minaret and MuezzinMinaret and Muezzin

11. II. Requirements of IslamII. Requirements of Islam
A.A. The 5 PillarsThe 5 Pillars
3. Zakat – almsgiving to the poor and sick3. Zakat – almsgiving to the poor and sick
(stated in the Koran as 2 ½ %)(stated in the Koran as 2 ½ %)
4. Sawm – Fasting from sunup to4. Sawm – Fasting from sunup to
sundown during the month of Ramadan.sundown during the month of Ramadan.
-27-27thth
of Ramadan is the Night of Powerof Ramadan is the Night of Power
which commemorates Muhammad's 1which commemorates Muhammad's 1stst
revelation.revelation.

12. II. Requirements of IslamII. Requirements of Islam
A.A. The 5 PillarsThe 5 Pillars
5. Hajj – The Pilgrimage to Mecca5. Hajj – The Pilgrimage to Mecca
The Ka’bah – believed by Muslims to
be built by Abraham while visiting
Ishmael.

16. II. Requirements of IslamII. Requirements of Islam
A.A. Pillars of IslamPillars of Islam
5. Hajj – The Procedure5. Hajj – The Procedure
-shave your head and wear white (men)-shave your head and wear white (men)
-keep heads covered and wear native clothes (women)-keep heads covered and wear native clothes (women)
-walk 7 times around Ka’bah and kiss stone-walk 7 times around Ka’bah and kiss stone
-run 7 times b/w hills of the region (symbolizing-run 7 times b/w hills of the region (symbolizing
Hagar’s search for water)Hagar’s search for water)
-all day prayer in the plain of Arafat-all day prayer in the plain of Arafat
-throw stones at 3 pillars (symbolizing keeping the-throw stones at 3 pillars (symbolizing keeping the
devil away)devil away)
- animal sacrifice on the 10- animal sacrifice on the 10thth
dayday
-7 more times around the Ka’bah-7 more times around the Ka’bah

17. II. Requirements of IslamII. Requirements of Islam
Sharia – Law based on the Muslim scripturesSharia – Law based on the Muslim scriptures
5 stages of laws5 stages of laws
1. Things that are completely banned1. Things that are completely banned
-dietary laws – no pork, wine-dietary laws – no pork, wine
2. Things that are looked down on2. Things that are looked down on
-divorce-divorce
-smoking-smoking
3. Neutral actions that are neither approved3. Neutral actions that are neither approved
or disapprovedor disapproved
4. Things recommended for a healthy Muslim4. Things recommended for a healthy Muslim
-positive character traits-positive character traits
5. Requirements – things you must do5. Requirements – things you must do
-5 pillars of Islam-5 pillars of Islam

18. III. Muslim ScripturesIII. Muslim Scriptures
A.A. Koran (Qu’ran)Koran (Qu’ran)
1. Collection of Muhammad's messages1. Collection of Muhammad's messages
from Allah.from Allah.
2. Seen as the 32. Seen as the 3rdrd
word of God (after theword of God (after the
Torah and the Gospels) – but the JewsTorah and the Gospels) – but the Jews
and Christians have corrupted theirand Christians have corrupted their
words from God.words from God.
3. Seen as the infallible word of God3. Seen as the infallible word of God
4. Is treated with the utmost respect4. Is treated with the utmost respect

22. God of the BibleGod of the Bible
-God is knowable through Christ-God is knowable through Christ
-God reveals himself-God reveals himself
-God invites a life-transforming relationship-God invites a life-transforming relationship
-God is triune-God is triune
-The Bible emphasizes sacrificial love-The Bible emphasizes sacrificial love

23. III. Muslim ScripturesIII. Muslim Scriptures
B. HadithB. Hadith
1. Sayings/teachings of the Prophet and1. Sayings/teachings of the Prophet and
stories about his life.stories about his life.
2. There are 100s of hadith and they are still2. There are 100s of hadith and they are still
being written.being written.

24. IV. Key Beliefs of IslamIV. Key Beliefs of Islam
Allah of the KoranAllah of the Koran
-God’s essence is not-God’s essence is not
knowableknowable
-God only reveals his will for-God only reveals his will for
humanshumans
-God demands obedience to-God demands obedience to
commandscommands
-God is a single personality-God is a single personality
-The Koran emphasizes-The Koran emphasizes
sovereign powersovereign power
God of the BibleGod of the Bible
-God is knowable through-God is knowable through
ChristChrist
-God reveals himself-God reveals himself
-God invites a life--God invites a life-
transforming relationshiptransforming relationship
-God is triune-God is triune
-The Bible emphasizes-The Bible emphasizes
sacrificial lovesacrificial love
A. Allah (Arabic for The God)

25. IV. Key Beliefs of IslamIV. Key Beliefs of Islam
B.B. CreationCreation
C.C. End TimesEnd Times
D.D. JesusJesus
E.E. Purpose of LifePurpose of Life
F.F. AfterlifeAfterlife
G.G. ShirkShirk

26. V. Branches of IslamV. Branches of Islam
A.A. Sunni Islam – Believed that the next leaderSunni Islam – Believed that the next leader
(called a caliph) after Muhammad should(called a caliph) after Muhammad should
be the best one for the job.be the best one for the job.
-90% of all Muslims are Sunnis-90% of all Muslims are Sunnis

27. V. Branches of IslamV. Branches of Islam
B. Shia Islam – Believed that the next leaderB. Shia Islam – Believed that the next leader
(called an Imam) after Muhammad should(called an Imam) after Muhammad should
be related to Muhammad.be related to Muhammad.
1. Twelver Shia – Believe that Allah has1. Twelver Shia – Believe that Allah has
given 11 Imams and the 12given 11 Imams and the 12thth
willwill
remain hidden until the end times.remain hidden until the end times.
2. Sevener Shia – same as above2. Sevener Shia – same as above
expectexpect
for 7 Imamsfor 7 Imams
3. Shi’ites tend to glorify martyrdom b/c3. Shi’ites tend to glorify martyrdom b/c

30. V. Branches of IslamV. Branches of Islam
C.C. Sufism – Not really a branch. Sufis emphasizeSufism – Not really a branch. Sufis emphasize
an emotional/spiritual connection to Allah alongan emotional/spiritual connection to Allah along
with following the laws. Sufis can be Shia orwith following the laws. Sufis can be Shia or
Sunni.Sunni.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L_Cf-ZxDfZAhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L_Cf-ZxDfZA
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jeca3isOoW4&NR=1http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jeca3isOoW4&NR=1
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kJvgurjDIVc

31. VI. Islam TodayVI. Islam Today
A.A. Jihad – literally means ‘service towardsJihad – literally means ‘service towards
your religion’your religion’
-can have a jihad through-can have a jihad through
-zakat-zakat
-writing a pro Islamic book-writing a pro Islamic book
-helping old ladies across the-helping old ladies across the
streetstreet
-in terms of military it can only be used-in terms of military it can only be used
to defend Islamto defend Islam

33. VI. Islam TodayVI. Islam Today
B.B. Women’s RightsWomen’s Rights
-They have been restricted before Islam began.-They have been restricted before Islam began.
-Three verses in the Koran have been used-Three verses in the Koran have been used
today by some countries to continue to restricttoday by some countries to continue to restrict
women’s rightswomen’s rights
1. “Women should cover1. “Women should cover
themselves to not be like others”themselves to not be like others”
2. Muhammad had 4 wives.2. Muhammad had 4 wives.
3. “A man’s testimony is worth3. “A man’s testimony is worth
as much as 2 women’s testimony.”as much as 2 women’s testimony.”

34. HijabHijab
Palestine
Afghanistan
Saudi Arabia

36. ►One of your friends claims that Islam andOne of your friends claims that Islam and
Christianity are basically the sameChristianity are basically the same
religion. They both worship God andreligion. They both worship God and
follow a set of rules. Explain what yourfollow a set of rules. Explain what your
apologetic answer would be. Use at leastapologetic answer would be. Use at least
3 Bible passages to support your answer.3 Bible passages to support your answer.