- Chemical hazards in industrial settings can potentially harm workers through various routes of entry like inhalation, ingestion or skin/mucous membrane contact. This can lead to occupational diseases like respiratory or dermatological conditions.
- Proper training of workers about chemical hazards, provision of appropriate personal protective equipment, monitoring of exposures and medical surveillance are needed to prevent occupational diseases and promote worker health and productivity.
- A hierarchy of controls including elimination, substitution, engineering controls and administrative controls should be followed to control chemical hazards in the workplace before relying on personal protective equipment.
To know occupational health hazards are important to take care of their health,for early treatment and prevention of complications for those who are working in industries,companies,health sectors..........etc
To know occupational health hazards are important to take care of their health,for early treatment and prevention of complications for those who are working in industries,companies,health sectors..........etc
Injury prevention is an effort to prevent or reduce the severity of bodily injuries caused by external mechanisms, such as accidents, before they occur. ... Researchers use the term "unintentional injury" to refer to injuries that are non volitional but preventable.
Introduction to toxicology gases and metalsNITISH SHAH
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Aeroallergens are various airborne substances or inhalants, such as pollens, spores, and other biological or non-biological airborne particles that can cause allergic disorders.
Occupational health and occupational hazards by Dr. Sonam AggarwalDr. Sonam Aggarwal
• "Occupational health should aim at the promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental and social well-being of workers in all occupations;
• the prevention among workers of departures from health caused by their working conditions;
• the protection of workers in their employment from risks resulting from factors adverse to health;
• the placing and maintenance of the worker in an occupational environment adapted to his physiological and psychological equipment, and,
• to summarize, the adaptation of work to man and of each man to his job.”
The Joint ILO/WHO Committee on Occupational Health,1995
Injury prevention is an effort to prevent or reduce the severity of bodily injuries caused by external mechanisms, such as accidents, before they occur. ... Researchers use the term "unintentional injury" to refer to injuries that are non volitional but preventable.
Introduction to toxicology gases and metalsNITISH SHAH
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For Health benefits and medicine videos Subscribe youtube channel - https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLKg-H-sMh9G01zEg4YpndngXODW2bq92w
Aeroallergens are various airborne substances or inhalants, such as pollens, spores, and other biological or non-biological airborne particles that can cause allergic disorders.
Occupational health and occupational hazards by Dr. Sonam AggarwalDr. Sonam Aggarwal
• "Occupational health should aim at the promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental and social well-being of workers in all occupations;
• the prevention among workers of departures from health caused by their working conditions;
• the protection of workers in their employment from risks resulting from factors adverse to health;
• the placing and maintenance of the worker in an occupational environment adapted to his physiological and psychological equipment, and,
• to summarize, the adaptation of work to man and of each man to his job.”
The Joint ILO/WHO Committee on Occupational Health,1995
Occupational health:The objective of an occupational health .LalrinchhaniSailo
Occupational health is essentially preventive medicine.The Joint ILO/WHO Committee on Occupational Health, in the course of its first session, held in 1950, gave the following definition: "Occupational health should aim at the promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental and social well-being of workers in all occupations; the prevention among workers of departures from health caused by their working conditions; the protection of workers in their employment from risks resulting from factors adverse to health; the placing and maintenance of the worker in an occupational environment adapted to his physiological and psychological equipment, and, to summarize, the adaptation of work to man and of each man to his job (1).
ERGONOMICS: The term "ergonomics" is derived from the Greek ergon, meaning work and nomos, meaning law. It simply means: "fitting the job to the worker". The object of ergonomics is "to achieve the best mutual adjustment of man and his work, for the improvement of human efficiency and well-being".
HEALTH OF THE WORKER
One of the declared aims of occupational health is to provide a safe occupational environment' in order to safeguard the health of the workers and to step up industrial production.
Occupational environment
By occupational environment is meant the sum or external conditions and influences which prevail at the place of work and which have a bearing on the health of the Working population. Basically, there are three types of interaction in a working environment.
a) Man and physical, chemical and biological agents.
b) Man and machine.
c) Man and man.
MAN AND PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL AGENTS
(1) Physical agents
(2) Chemical agents
MAN AND MACHINE
An industry or factory implies the use of machines driven by power with emphasis on mass production. The
unguarded machines, protruding and moving parts, poor installation of the plant, lack of safety measures are the causes of accidents which is a major problem in industries.
Working for long hours in unphysiological postures is the cause of fatigue, backache, diseases of joints and muscles and impairment of the worker's health and efficiency.
MAN AND MAN
There are numerous psychosocial factors which operate at the place of work. These are the human relationships amongst workers themselves on the one hand, and those in authority over them on the other. In modern occupational health, the emphasis is upon the people, the conditions in which they live and work, their hopes and fears and their attitudes towards their job, their fellow-workers and employers (2).
OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS
An industrial worker may be exposed to five types of hazards, depending upon his occupation:
1. Physical hazards
2. Chemical hazards
3. Biological hazards
4. Mechanical hazards
5. Psychosocial hazards.
Occupational hazards, occupational health
Occupational safety and health should not be sidelined as a service delivery issue. Health worker health and well-being is an important aspect of workers’ motivation and job satisfaction, which influence productivity as well as retention. Health worker safety also affects the quality of care; caring for the caregiver should be a priority area of concern for the health system’s performance.
Poisoning is one of the very alarming topic now a days. This presentation will give you a basic idea on poisoning, drug poisoning, animal poisoning, plant poisoning, household poisoning, industrial poisoning, treatment of poisoning e.t.c
Poisoning in Children by Dr Shamavu Gabriel .pptxGabriel Shamavu
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Cancer is the abnormal or uncontrolled growth of new cells in any part of the body, characterized by cells that tend to invade surrounding tissue and metastasize to new body sites.
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Defecation
Normal defecation begins with movement in the left colon, moving stool toward the anus. When stool reaches the rectum, the distention causes relaxation of the internal sphincter and an awareness of the need to defecate. At the time of defecation, the external sphincter relaxes, and abdominal muscles contract, increasing intrarectal pressure and forcing the stool out
The Valsalva maneuver exerts pressure to expel faeces through a voluntary contraction of the abdominal muscles while maintaining forced expiration against a closed airway. Patients with cardiovascular disease, glaucoma, increased intracranial pressure, or a new surgical wound are at greater risk for cardiac dysrhythmias and elevated blood pressure with the Valsalva maneuver and need to avoid straining to pass the stool.
Normal defecation is painless, resulting in passage of soft, formed stool
CONSTIPATION
Constipation is a symptom, not a disease. Improper diet, reduced fluid intake, lack of exercise, and certain medications can cause constipation. For example, patients receiving opiates for pain after surgery often require a stool softener or laxative to prevent constipation. The signs of constipation include infrequent bowel movements (less than every 3 days), difficulty passing stools, excessive straining, inability to defecate at will, and hard feaces
IMPACTION
Fecal impaction results from unrelieved constipation. It is a collection of hardened feces wedged in the rectum that a person cannot expel. In cases of severe impaction the mass extends up into the sigmoid colon.
DIARRHEA
Diarrhea is an increase in the number of stools and the passage of liquid, unformed feces. It is associated with disorders affecting digestion, absorption, and secretion in the GI tract. Intestinal contents pass through the small and large intestine too quickly to allow for the usual absorption of fluid and nutrients. Irritation within the colon results in increased mucus secretion. As a result, feces become watery, and the patient is unable to control the urge to defecate. Normally an anal bag is safe and effective in long-term treatment of patients with fecal incontinence at home, in hospice, or in the hospital. Fecal incontinence is expensive and a potentially dangerous condition in terms of contamination and risk of skin ulceration
HEMORRHOIDS
Hemorrhoids are dilated, engorged veins in the lining of the rectum. They are either external or internal.
FLATULENCE
As gas accumulates in the lumen of the intestines, the bowel wall stretches and distends (flatulence). It is a common cause of abdominal fullness, pain, and cramping. Normally intestinal gas escapes through the mouth (belching) or the anus (passing of flatus)
FECAL INCONTINENCE
Fecal incontinence is the inability to control passage of feces and gas from the anus. Incontinence harms a patient’s body image
PREPARATION AND GIVING OF LAXATIVESACCORDING TO POTTER AND PERRY,
An enema is the instillation of a solution into the rectum and sig
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15Protecting and preserving health at work while handling chemicals in an industrial setting, Dr. R. Kailasam
1. Protecting and Preserving health at work
while handling chemicals in an
Industrial setting
Dr.R.Kailasam
r.kailasam@vedanta.co.in
Date : 30th Oct. 2015
2. Chemical Hazard
Potential to cause harm
Classification:
- Aromatic & Aliphatic
- Target organ dysfunction
- Toxidromic approach
Benefits Vs Risks
TLV concept
2
4. 4
• All have occupations
• All Occupations have hazards
• All hazards are preventable and controllable
• Rarely treatable
• Individual & productivity suffers
• Love thy Occupation
• Where are those occupation ?
Mineral Lung Disorder
Industrial Outlook
5. Physical Chemical Biological Ergonomic
Psycho-
social
Noise Dusts Insects Posture Worry
Vibration Fumes Mites Movement
Work
pressure
Ionizing
radiation
Fibers Moulds Repetition Monotony
Non-
ionizing
radiation
Liquids Yeasts
Illumination
and Visibility
Unsocial
hours
Heat Mists Fungi
Cold Gases Bacteria
Extremes
of pressure
Vapors Viruses
5
Hazards
9. 9
Specific exposure group - Awareness
• Unknown Hazard – Unknown Workers
- Pesticides, antibiotics , heavy metals
• Known Hazard – Unknown Workers
- Induction and Training
• Known Hazard – Known Workers
- Monitoring
• Unknown Hazard – Unknown Workers
- Hazard interaction, Explosive, Inflammable
Chemical Hazard life cycle Continues …
Paradox
• Knowledge
• Training
• Right PPE for the right job – Appropriate PPE usage
Hazard ?
10. 10
Chemical Handling
Transport Emergency (TREM) Card
Specialized Training
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
- Vernacular language
- PEP talks, Job Safety Analysis (JSA), Hazard Identification & Risk Analysis
(HIRA)
Appropriate training & PPE usage
Storage of Chemicals
- Proper labeling (Pictorial) / Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)
Emergency Measures
- Chemical Inventory and Antidotes
19. Anaemia
• Asymptomatic Healthy Male Scientist (R&D)
• Ignorant Bottom Loss
• Hidden Hypo Thyroid
Absence of an evidence of Disease is not
an evidence for its absence
19
23. 23
Toxicology concerns the potential of chemicals to produce
adverse effects in the body.
“It is the dose that makes the poison”
The hazard of a given substance is related to
A. its absolute toxicity
B. its physico-chemical properties
C. circumstances of use-concentration,
D. length of exposure,
E. body area exposed.
F. Bio-variability
Toxicology
25. 25
Training at medical school - Orientation
- Life is a learning process; Learning is a life long process
Cause ? effect ? Why Why analysis ?
- History of exposure to chemicals alone is inadequate
Bio variability matters
- Evidence beyond doubt
Expect the Unexpected
Learnings
26. 26
“ And in the end if that the work man
shall live to enjoy the fruits of his
labour, that his mother shall have
the comfort of his arm in her age,
that his wife shall not be untimely
a widow, that his children shall
have a father and that cripples
and hopeless wrecks who were
once strong men shall no longer
be the bye-products of industry”
Prayer
