Atopic dermatitis (AD), also known as atopic eczema, is a long-term type of inflammation of the skin (dermatitis). It results in itchy, red, swollen, and cracked skin. Clear fluid may come from the affected areas, which often thickens over time. While the condition may occur at any age
Atopic dermatitis (AD), also known as atopic eczema, is a long-term type of inflammation of the skin (dermatitis). It results in itchy, red, swollen, and cracked skin. Clear fluid may come from the affected areas, which often thickens over time. While the condition may occur at any age
Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis) Definition, clinical presentation, and managementSerena Hijazeen
In this presentation, there is a full description of eczema, steps to manage it as pharmacists, the factors that worsen the case, and when to refer to a physician
Eczema - A Case Presentation (by Dr. Julius King Kwedhi)Dr. Julius Kwedhi
Eczema: Come from the Greek name for boiling, a reference to the tiny vesicles (bubbles) that are commonly seen in the early acute stage of the disease
An immune-mediated inflammation of the skin arising from an interaction between genetic (e.g. epidermal barrier function, immune system) and environmental factors (foods, airborne allergens, Staphylococcus aureus colonization on skin due to deficiencies in endogenous antimicrobial peptides, topical products)
The eczemas are a disparate group of diseases, but unified by the presence of itch and, in the acute stages, of oedema (spongiosis) in the epidermis
Children's skin problems span nearly two decades from birth through adolescence. Several common pediatric skin conditions will be discussed including: diaper dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, warts, and acne.
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Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis) Definition, clinical presentation, and managementSerena Hijazeen
In this presentation, there is a full description of eczema, steps to manage it as pharmacists, the factors that worsen the case, and when to refer to a physician
Eczema - A Case Presentation (by Dr. Julius King Kwedhi)Dr. Julius Kwedhi
Eczema: Come from the Greek name for boiling, a reference to the tiny vesicles (bubbles) that are commonly seen in the early acute stage of the disease
An immune-mediated inflammation of the skin arising from an interaction between genetic (e.g. epidermal barrier function, immune system) and environmental factors (foods, airborne allergens, Staphylococcus aureus colonization on skin due to deficiencies in endogenous antimicrobial peptides, topical products)
The eczemas are a disparate group of diseases, but unified by the presence of itch and, in the acute stages, of oedema (spongiosis) in the epidermis
Children's skin problems span nearly two decades from birth through adolescence. Several common pediatric skin conditions will be discussed including: diaper dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, warts, and acne.
follow me on my YouTube channel :- medic o mania
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
2. Introduction
• Inflammation of the skin
• The terms 'ECZEMA' and 'DERMATITIS' are regarded as
synonymous
• Eczema has three clinical stages of development
• Acute, Subacute, or Chronic
• Endogenous, or exogenous
7. Introduction
• Atopy (Gk. atopos = out of place) is the
general medical term for allergic conditions
such as hay fever, asthma or this type of
eczema.
• People with a tendency to suffer from allergic
conditions are said to be atopic.
8. Definition
• Atopic dermatitis (ie, eczema) is a
chronic pruritic skin condition due
to hereditary predisposition to react
for sensitizers usually beginning in
infancy.
9. Epidemiology
• Atopic eczema affects about 15 per cent of
children and up to 5 per cent of adults in
Western countries.
• The exact prevalence is not known in our
country.
• There is no predilection of sex for
occurrence however, females have a
worse prognosis.
• Approximately 60% of patients experience
their first outbreak by age 1 year and 90%
by age 5 years.
10. Immune Abnormalities
• Primary Defect - ?synthesis of IgE rather than IgG
Syndrome Presumed immune mechanism
Rhinitis Immediate hypersensitivity
Asthma Immediate hypersensitivity
+/- T cell involvement
Eczema ? T cell - mediated hypersensitivity
11. • Precise etiology is unknown, but current theories
center on a disordered immune response,
especially an imbalance of cytokines.
• The immune system of people with atopic eczema
is active in a particular way.
• Serum levels of IgE are elevated in 80% of cases.
• There is also dysregulation of the immune system
with over activity of TH2 helper cells.
• High blood level of IL-4 & IL-5 with low level of
gamma interferon is observed.
Etio-pathogenesis
12. • The disease also appears to have a
hereditary component; family history is
positive for atopy (i.e., asthma, allergic
rhinitis, atopic dermatitis) in two thirds of
patients.
• The exact mode of inheritance is
obscure. It is thought to be autosomal
dominance with variable penetrance.
• Defective gene is found around 11q13 for
respiratory atopy.
13. • Several triggers have been identified.
• Anything that could dry the skin may
exacerbate atopic dermatitis. Potential
triggers include excessive bathing, hand
washing, lip licking, sweating, or
swimming.
• Contact with solvents, detergents,
deodorants, cosmetics, and soaps can
exacerbate the disease. Loose or poorly
fitting clothing that constantly rubs the skin
also can cause problems.
14. • Excessive or prolonged heat may trigger a
flare-up.
• General Risk factors
– Skin infections
– Emotional stress
– Irritating clothes and chemicals
– Excessively hot or cold climate
– Food allergy in children (controversial)
– Exposure to tobacco smoke
15. CLINICAL PICTURE
• Although the first episode of atopic eczema
can be delayed to adulthood the majority of
people have a history that goes back to
their childhood.
• The most common presentation is that of
infants, usually younger than 6 months,
brought in by their parents for a persistent
rash
16. • The predominant symptom is intense
pruritus. Atopic dermatitis typically is
not associated with fever or other
constitutional symptoms.
• Distribution of lesions
–Infants: Symmetric lesions over cheeks,
forehead, scalp, trunk, and the extensor
surfaces. Lesions may extensively involve
the flexural surfaces, sparing only the
diaper area. Scalp involvement may be
severe enough to cause alopecia.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21. –Children:
•Symmetric lesions on wrists,
ankles, and flexor areas of the
extremities. Generalized
eruptions also may occur in this
age group.
31. Other manifestations
• Ichthyosis vulgaris - Observed in one
third of patients. Characterizing features
are hyperlinear palms and soles and
polygonal fishlike scales, especially on
the lower legs.
• Keratosis pilaris - Characterized by
asymptomatic horny follicular papules
on the extensor surfaces of the upper
arms, buttocks, and anterior thighs
32. • Hand and foot dermatitis may be the only
manifestation in adults and adolescents.
Fissuring of the palms, soles, and fingers
often occurs.
• Keratoconus is observed in severe cases. A
cone-shaped cornea (requiring corneal
transplant) may develop in the second or
third decade of life.
33. Associated features
• Facial erythema
• Perioral pallor
• Infraorbital fold (ie, Dennie-Morgan line)
• Dry skin
• Increased palmar linear markings
• Pityriasis alba
• Pilaris
42. The UK refinement of Hanifin and
Rajka's diagnostic criteria.
Scabies should be excluded.
• In order to qualify as a case of atopic
dermatitis with the UK diagnostic
criteria, the child must have:
– An itchy skin condition (or parental report
of scratching or rubbing in a child)
43. • Plus three or more of the following
1) Onset below age 2 years (not used if child is
under 4 years)
2) History of skin crease involvement (including
cheeks in children under 10 years)
3) History of a generally dry skin
4) Personal history of other atopic disease (or
history of any atopic disease in a first degree
relative in children under 4 years)
5) Visible flexural dermatitis (or dermatitis of
cheeks/forehead and outer limbs in children
under 4 years)
45. First line treatment
• General advice
– Enthusiastic social relationship
– Advice on prognosis, available treatments,
triggers, complications etc.
• Reduction of triggers
– Avoid irritants
– Cool the room
– (Dietary manipulation)
– Avoid stress.
48. Second line treatment
• Intensive topical treatment
• Wet-wrap technique
• Allergy management
• UV radiation
49. Third line treatment
• Topical immunomodulators
–Tacrolimus, Ascomycin
• Systemic treatment
–Cyclosporin
–Methotrexate
–Prednisolone
• Desensitization
50. Contact Dermatitis
–Acute or chronic inflammatory reactions to
substances that come in contact with the skin.
–Two forms of CD exist
• Irritant Contact Dermatitis
• Allergic Contact Dermatitis
51. Contact Dermatitis
ICDlesions are confinedto the area of exposure and
previous exposure is not the prerequisite
ACDoccurs in previously sensitizedindividuals and
eczematous pruriticlesions occur even apart from the
contact site
The agent causing ACDcan be identified using patch
testing
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65. Contact Dermatitis
Avoid the agent,
Topical steroids and if severe systemic
for a short time,
Antipruritics
Treat the complications.
66. Lichen Simplex Chronicus
Thickening of the skin with variable scaling that
arises secondary to repetitive scratching or
rubbing. It is not a primary process.
occurs mainly at the nuchal area.
Hyperpigmentation and lichenific-ation is the
feature.
67.
68.
69.
70.
71.
72.
73. Lichen Simplex Chronicus
Break the itch-scratch-itch cycle with
antihistamines, potent topical steroids and treat
lichenificatin by keratolytics
Advice patients not to scratch the area
74. Discoid Eczema
A chronic, pruritic, inflammatory dermatitis
occurring in the form of coin-shaped plaques.
Unknown cause.
Unrelated to atopic diathesis
IgE levels are normal
Commonly seen in the lower leg
75. Discoid Eczema
Coin shaped plaques formed by confluent
papules and vesicles are seen mainly on the
extremities.
Pruritis is common
79. Seborrhoeic Dermatitis
Very common chronic dermatosis characterized
by redness and scaling occurring in regions
where the sebaceous glands are most active
Called dandruff in the scalp
Affects 4 – 5 % of the population
81. Seborrhoeic Dermatitis
Has two pick ages of onset: Infancy, and
Puberty.
The infantile type commonly presents as
“cradle cap”.
Yellowish red, often greasy, or white dry
scaling macules and papules of varying
size (5 to 20 mm), rather sharply
marginated occurs.
The seborrhoeic areas are primarily
affected.
88. Pityriasis Alba
A common disfiguring hypomelanosis of the face
presenting as white area (alba) with scaling
(pityriasis)
Cause is not known
Atopic state may be present
Asympromatic or mildly pruritic
89.
90.
91.
92. Pityriasis Alba
Hydrocortisone cream or ointment 1%, is
effective
Avoid frequent washing with soap
Self limiting conditionsthat disappears with age