Our Honorable Chief Minister of Delhi, announced a special seven day drive of removing Malba, dust and garbage in case he receives photographs through a special mobile application. Huge amounts were spent on the entire exercise specially on advertisement. Delhi did not see any result and the outcome couldn't be measured, in the absence of accounting, Management Information System, proper checks and control and no provision for monitoring of outcome.
Ariful Islam is seeking a challenging position in merchandising in the RMG industry. He has 2 years of experience as an Assistant Merchandiser and 3 years as a Knitting Executive Officer. He holds an MBA in Product & Fashion Merchandising and has worked with buyers from Intercoop, Takko, Kiabi, Bershka, Kmart, and Monoprix. His responsibilities include merchandising functions, developing new orders, quality control, and production monitoring to ensure on-time shipment. He is proficient in English and Bengali, and skilled in Microsoft Office, communication, and coordination.
Our Honorable Chief Minister of Delhi, announced a special seven day drive of removing Malba, dust and garbage in case he receives photographs through a special mobile application. Huge amounts were spent on the entire exercise specially on advertisement. Delhi did not see any result and the outcome couldn't be measured, in the absence of accounting, Management Information System, proper checks and control and no provision for monitoring of outcome.
Ariful Islam is seeking a challenging position in merchandising in the RMG industry. He has 2 years of experience as an Assistant Merchandiser and 3 years as a Knitting Executive Officer. He holds an MBA in Product & Fashion Merchandising and has worked with buyers from Intercoop, Takko, Kiabi, Bershka, Kmart, and Monoprix. His responsibilities include merchandising functions, developing new orders, quality control, and production monitoring to ensure on-time shipment. He is proficient in English and Bengali, and skilled in Microsoft Office, communication, and coordination.
INDIAN ECONOMY THE SHOW MUST GO ON GROWTH PADDLENeha Sharma
The monsoon session of parliament was over without transacting any meaningful business.In this process, the government could not get the constitutional amendment passed by Rajya Sabha (Lok Sabha has already passed the bill) to bring Goods and Service Tax (GST) to replace Excise, VAT and few other indirect taxes. Even the Land Acquisition Bill to facilitate Industrial Development and other public purposes was deffered on the recommendation of the joint parliamentary comittees.
The document discusses several reforms and initiatives undertaken by the Modi government to boost various sectors of the Indian economy. It notes that the government has:
1) Addressed long-standing issues like coal shortage and accelerated implementation of stalled infrastructure projects like roads, railways and power projects.
2) Passed laws to bring transparency to real estate and agriculture sectors.
3) Simplified and rationalized income tax laws while introducing new compliance schemes and expanding the tax base.
4) Taken steps to lower corporate tax rates and boost manufacturing through measures like "Make in India".
The document praises the efforts of the Modi government and allied ministers in expediting reforms, and expresses the expectations of chartered
Mohamed Mahmoud Elhaggar is seeking a challenging position in a respectable organization where he can apply his engineering skills. He has a bachelor's degree in civil engineering from Elshorouk Academy in Cairo, Egypt. His work experience includes site and technical office engineering roles at ALWALY GROUP FOR CONSTRUCTION and for the Egyptian Army. He is proficient in AutoCAD, SAP14, CSI COLUMN, and PRIMAVERA p6.
This document provides a 3-paragraph summary of a passage about global Freemasonry and the author.
The first paragraph introduces Freemasonry as a global organization with lodges around the world and discusses some of its secret rituals and symbols. It notes that while open to people of all faiths and backgrounds, it has historically been dominated by upper-class white men.
The second paragraph provides biographical details of the author, including their involvement with Freemasonry since the 1950s through various roles and research on esoteric Masonic degrees. It also discusses some of their writings on Masonic topics like the 'g0if0g'' secret society.
The third paragraph lists some of
The Reserve Bank of India had recently directed to Public Sector Banks as well as Private Sector Banks to downgrade the asset classification of more than 150 borrower accounts, based upon Asset Quality review, to Non- Performing Assets (NPAs). The exposure of banking sector to such borrower accounts was in the range of ` 1,50,000 Crores to ` 2,00,000 Crores.
INDIAN ECONOMY THE SHOW MUST GO ON GROWTH PADDLENeha Sharma
The monsoon session of parliament was over without transacting any meaningful business.In this process, the government could not get the constitutional amendment passed by Rajya Sabha (Lok Sabha has already passed the bill) to bring Goods and Service Tax (GST) to replace Excise, VAT and few other indirect taxes. Even the Land Acquisition Bill to facilitate Industrial Development and other public purposes was deffered on the recommendation of the joint parliamentary comittees.
The document discusses several reforms and initiatives undertaken by the Modi government to boost various sectors of the Indian economy. It notes that the government has:
1) Addressed long-standing issues like coal shortage and accelerated implementation of stalled infrastructure projects like roads, railways and power projects.
2) Passed laws to bring transparency to real estate and agriculture sectors.
3) Simplified and rationalized income tax laws while introducing new compliance schemes and expanding the tax base.
4) Taken steps to lower corporate tax rates and boost manufacturing through measures like "Make in India".
The document praises the efforts of the Modi government and allied ministers in expediting reforms, and expresses the expectations of chartered
Mohamed Mahmoud Elhaggar is seeking a challenging position in a respectable organization where he can apply his engineering skills. He has a bachelor's degree in civil engineering from Elshorouk Academy in Cairo, Egypt. His work experience includes site and technical office engineering roles at ALWALY GROUP FOR CONSTRUCTION and for the Egyptian Army. He is proficient in AutoCAD, SAP14, CSI COLUMN, and PRIMAVERA p6.
This document provides a 3-paragraph summary of a passage about global Freemasonry and the author.
The first paragraph introduces Freemasonry as a global organization with lodges around the world and discusses some of its secret rituals and symbols. It notes that while open to people of all faiths and backgrounds, it has historically been dominated by upper-class white men.
The second paragraph provides biographical details of the author, including their involvement with Freemasonry since the 1950s through various roles and research on esoteric Masonic degrees. It also discusses some of their writings on Masonic topics like the 'g0if0g'' secret society.
The third paragraph lists some of
The Reserve Bank of India had recently directed to Public Sector Banks as well as Private Sector Banks to downgrade the asset classification of more than 150 borrower accounts, based upon Asset Quality review, to Non- Performing Assets (NPAs). The exposure of banking sector to such borrower accounts was in the range of ` 1,50,000 Crores to ` 2,00,000 Crores.
i.school, The University of Tokyo "Methods of concept designing and user surv...schoowebcampus
This document outlines a lecture series on creating innovation. It discusses making ideas concrete through prototyping. Prototyping can take various forms depending on whether the idea is for a product, service, or business. For products, prototyping involves making a tangible prototype to demonstrate the idea's shape, function and user interface. The document provides examples of simple product prototypes made from everyday items.
i.school, The University of Tokyo "Divergence, convergence, and expression of...schoowebcampus
This document outlines an innovation creation workshop hosted by i.school at the University of Tokyo. The workshop consists of 5 lectures and 3 workshops focused on understanding, creating, and realizing innovation. It provides an overview of the workshop format, objectives, and guest facilitator Jun Murakoshi. It also discusses processes and tips for coming up with ideas, including utilizing working memory and researching ends and means. The overall goal is to learn how to provide concept ideas and understand the entire innovation creation process.
i.school, The University of Tokyo "The purposes and methods of technological ...schoowebcampus
This document outlines an educational series on innovation and idea creation hosted by i.school at the University of Tokyo. The third class focuses on understanding technology-centered research by exploring new values of technologies and turning everyday objects into idea hints. The class reviews human-centered research and discusses collecting technology cases, analyzing their functions and benefits, and grouping cases based on their technological means and societal ends. The overall goal is to help participants understand the full innovation process.
i.school, The University of Tokyo "The purposes and methods of interviews and...schoowebcampus
The document outlines an innovation training program hosted by i.school at the University of Tokyo. It provides an agenda for a series of 5 lectures and 3 workshops aimed at teaching participants the entire process of creating innovation, from understanding society through field work and interviews to developing concepts and realizing ideas. The second class focuses on understanding the purposes, targets, and methods of human-centered research and having participants begin field work in their daily lives to gain insights.
i.school, The University of Tokyo "Foundation and methodology in creating inn...schoowebcampus
This document outlines the format and goals of a series of lectures and workshops on innovation hosted by i.school at the University of Tokyo. The series aims to help participants understand the entire process of creating innovation, from understanding user needs to generating and expressing ideas to realizing concepts. It involves 5 lectures covering topics like methodology, research methods, idea creation and concept design, as well as 3 workshops where participants can apply these lessons. The document also discusses why innovation is important both for dealing with rapid technological changes and for maintaining stability in mature societies.
2. 2014 i.school All Rights Reserved.
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be used for any other purpose nor disclosed to any other party without i.school’s written consent.
2
イノベーションの学校、東京大学i.school
3. 2014 i.school All Rights Reserved.
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be used for any other purpose nor disclosed to any other party without i.school’s written consent.
3
連続授業の流れ
講義(全5回) ワークショップ(全3回)
① 4/16【イノベーション創出にお
ける基礎と方法論】
② 4/23【理解①:インタビュー・
フィールド観察の目的と方法】
③ 4/30【理解②:技術・事例調査
の目的と方法】
④ 5/7 【創出:アイデア発想の発
散・収束・表現方法】
⑤ 5/14【実現:コンセプトのデザ
イン方法とユーザー調査】
⑥ 6/3 【ワークショップ①未来の暮
らしの中のロボットに学ぶ】
⑦ 6/10【ワークショップ②インドの
サービスに学ぶ】
⑧ 6/17【ワークショップ③ キャンパ
スライフのサービスに学ぶ】
4. 2014 i.school All Rights Reserved.
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be used for any other purpose nor disclosed to any other party without i.school’s written consent.
4
連続授業のゴール
イノベーション創出プロセスの全体観が分かる
コンセプトアイデアが出せるようになる
コンセプトアイデアの出し方のプロセスが分かる
5. 2014 i.school All Rights Reserved.
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be used for any other purpose nor disclosed to any other party without i.school’s written consent.
5
今回のゲスト講師
村越 淳(Jun
Murakoshi)
i.lab:
Product
Designer
千葉大学大学院デザイン科学専攻修士。
英国王立芸術大学院(RCA)
Design
Products科修士。
千葉大学大学院工学研究科特任研究員、同大学国際
教育センター特任助教を経て現職。
日本、欧州での展示や受賞多数。
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be used for any other purpose nor disclosed to any other party without i.school’s written consent.
66
第5回授業のゴール
▶ 「アイデアにリアリティーを与える」方法を理解する
▶ 明日から、具体的にアイデアを伝えられる!
7. 2014 i.school All Rights Reserved.
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be used for any other purpose nor disclosed to any other party without i.school’s written consent.
77
まずは、
第4回授業の
振り返り
8. 2014 i.school All Rights Reserved.
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be used for any other purpose nor disclosed to any other party without i.school’s written consent.
88
第4回授業のゴール
▶ 「アイデアを出す」プロセスとコツを理解する
▶ 明日から、アイデアを出すことのハードルが圧倒的に下がる!
9. 2014 i.school All Rights Reserved.
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be used for any other purpose nor disclosed to any other party without i.school’s written consent.
99
第4回授業後の質問など
▶ 皆さんご質問頂きありがとうございました!
▶ 村越と横田で全てコメントいたしました!
10. 2014 i.school All Rights Reserved.
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be used for any other purpose nor disclosed to any other party without i.school’s written consent.
10
発散 収束
個人ワーク グループワーク
創出のプロセスの定石
• 発散と収束
• 個人ワークからのグループワーク
11. 2014 i.school All Rights Reserved.
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be used for any other purpose nor disclosed to any other party without i.school’s written consent.
11
ワーキングメモリ
(→主に処理機能)
記憶の種類
1. 短期記憶(→貯蔵)
2. 長期記憶(→貯蔵)
3. そして、情報処理で大切な役割を持つ、作動記憶(=ワーキングメモリ)
長期記憶
短期記憶
保持 再生
12. 2014 i.school All Rights Reserved.
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be used for any other purpose nor disclosed to any other party without i.school’s written consent.
12
ワーキングメモリの活用
• 既存の知識間に新しい関係性を見いだす情報処理がアイデア創出ならば、
材料としての既存の知識とその取り扱いに着目する必要がある。
• 情報処理のための記憶領域である「ワーキングメモリ」にどんな情報を投
入し、どのようにして繋げる処理を支援するかが肝である。
ワーキングメモリ
①What? ②How?
13. 2014 i.school All Rights Reserved.
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be used for any other purpose nor disclosed to any other party without i.school’s written consent.
13
●手段�
(=技術)�
目的�
(=人)�
Idea
★�
●�
●�
●�
●�
●�● � ●�
★�
★�
★�
★�
村越1:アイデア発想 → 書く(描く)→ 忘れる
• 直感的に気になった目的だけを記憶に固定して、そこに手段やヒン
トを掛け合わせる。
• 発散フェーズを独立させるためにも評価はしない。
• 思いついたアイデアは何でも書く(描く)。ワーキングメモリから
除外する(忘れる)ため。
• 考えている間は頭の中に見えているものに集中し、それを書き写す。
ワーキングメモリ
● �
● �
● �
● �
● �
● �
● �
● � ● �
● �
● �
● �
● �
● �
● �
15. 2014 i.school All Rights Reserved.
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be used for any other purpose nor disclosed to any other party without i.school’s written consent.
1515
第5回授業のゴール
▶ 「アイデアにリアリティーを与える」方法を理解する
▶ 明日から、具体的にアイデアを伝えられる!
16. 2014 i.school All Rights Reserved.
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be used for any other purpose nor disclosed to any other party without i.school’s written consent.
16
抽象
具体 プロセス
抽象度
①雑多な事実情報の収集
③状況の構造的理解
④事業機会の探索
②事実情報の
グルーピングと抽象化
⑥アイデア創出
⑦アイデア選抜
⑨アイデア精緻化
・・・・
・・・・
・・・・
⑤事業機会の設定
⑧アイデアの具体化
0 1
理解 創出 実現
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be used for any other purpose nor disclosed to any other party without i.school’s written consent.
1717
・・・
アイデアを、
「着地」させる
18. 2014 i.school All Rights Reserved.
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be used for any other purpose nor disclosed to any other party without i.school’s written consent.
1818
コンセプトアイデアが
現実世界にどう入り込めるか
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be used for any other purpose nor disclosed to any other party without i.school’s written consent.
1919
プロトタイピング?
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be used for any other purpose nor disclosed to any other party without i.school’s written consent.
20
「プロトタイプ」をつくってみるのはアイデア具体化に便利
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be used for any other purpose nor disclosed to any other party without i.school’s written consent.
21
プロトタイプの種類と役割
①製品系
②サービス系
③事業系
• 形状
• 機能
• ユーザーインターフェース
• 利用シーン
• 関係する人・組織
• 顧客の体験・価値
• ユーザーインターフェース
• 関係する人・組織
• 顧客の体験・価値
• 事業パートナーの価値
• 収益モデル
• 事業戦略
成果物の種類 具体的に考えるべき情報 使えるツール
• 身の回りの雑貨・日用品
• 3Dプリンタ
• 雑誌/写真コラージュ
• スキット(寸劇)
• ステークホルダーマップ
• 雑誌/写真コラージュ
• スキット(寸劇)
• ステークホルダーマップ
• ビジネスモデルキャンバス
22. 2014 i.school All Rights Reserved.
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be used for any other purpose nor disclosed to any other party without i.school’s written consent.
2222
製品系:タンジブルなプロトタイプをつくる
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be used for any other purpose nor disclosed to any other party without i.school’s written consent.
2323
24. 2014 i.school All Rights Reserved.
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be used for any other purpose nor disclosed to any other party without i.school’s written consent.
2424
25. 2014 i.school All Rights Reserved.
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be used for any other purpose nor disclosed to any other party without i.school’s written consent.
2525
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be used for any other purpose nor disclosed to any other party without i.school’s written consent.
2626
製品系:タンジブルなプロトタイプをつくる
▶ なぜ作るのか、そのために何をどう表現したら良いのかを明確にする
① ラクして作る(身近にあるものを使う)
② 一つで全てを表さなくて良い(形状、素材、動き、サイズなど)
③ 次なるステップアップのきっかけにする
③
①
②
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27
事業系:「ビジネスモデルキャンバス」
顧客への価値パートナー
との関係
顧客顧客との関係性主な活動
自社リソース 顧客との接点
収益の流れコスト
顧客のどんな課
題や要望に応え
ることができる
のか?
どういった属性
や個性をもった
顧客なのか?
顧客との日常的
な関係性の種類
は?ファン?デ
ファクト?
顧客への価値の
届け方、チャネ
ル、経路
何に対していくらくらいお金を
払ってもらえるのか?
価値提供にかかってくる主要な
コスト要素は?
価値提供するた
めには外部にど
ういった人・組
織のパートナー
が必要か?
価値提供するた
めに、自社が行
う最も大切な活
動は?
自社が保有する
リソースで価値
提供に大切/要
諦となるのは?
28. 2014 i.school All Rights Reserved.
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2828
なんでも系:顧客の変化、提供価値に着目
▶ 模造紙にポストイットや人・社会側の調査結果のカード等を用いて、アイデアのコンセプトを再整理
する
▶ 顧客像については、人・社会側の調査結果のレポートを貼付けるなどして、より現実感を出す
▶ アイデアの幹を大切にしながら、枝葉をつけていき、より具体的なアイデアにしていく
• 属性
• 行動や価値観
• 社会的状況
• 課題認識
• ・・・
• 行動の変化
• 価値観変化
• 社会的状況の変化
• ・・・
Before After
• 顧客が受け取るメリット
• 製品・サービス・体験内容
• 利用の仕方・シーンとか
顧客 顧客
提供価値
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2929なんでも系:スキット
▶ 寸劇を行い、アイデアに関わる登場人物、人と人とのコミュニケーション、つま
り利用シーンがより具体的になる
▶ 脚本家、演出家、俳優を育てるためのものではないし、笑いを取るためのもので
はない
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3030
Q&A
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3131
フィジビリティ調査の目的:
プロトを用いた関係者との破壊的
かつ建設的なコミュニケーション
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32
フィジビリティ調査で検証したい事は何か?
• 手持ちのアイデアは、様々な仮説に基づき成立しています。
• その仮説の妥当性について主に3つの観点から検証を試みます。
①人、②技術、③事業
• ただし、時間に限りがありますから、検証項目・内容に明確な優先順位を
つけて検証作業に入りましょう。
社会市場 人間技術
アイデア
技術 人
発案者
アイデア
(製品/サービス/体験)
I D E A
33. 2014 i.school All Rights Reserved.
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33
主要な検証項目と方法
①人側からみた価値の仮説検証
• アイデアに関連した生活者の問題・不
満意識、課題認識、実際の行動
• アイデアに対する利用意向、感じる価
値、他者に紹介する際のキーワード
②技術側からみた実現可能生
• 自社技術の活用有無、機能・性能の妥
当性・実現性、製造コスト、安全上の
課題
③事業としての実現可能性
• 事業のステークホルダー、市場動向、
法制度、収益性、自社長期戦略との適
合性、推進体制
検証項目 方法
• 生活者インタビュー
• アンケート
• フィールド観察
• 技術者インタビュー
• 技術調査(自社内外)
• 公開情報でのコスト計算
• 経営層インタビュー
• 専門家インタビュー
• 収益シミュレーション
34. 2014 i.school All Rights Reserved.
This material shall be the sole and exclusive property of i.school at The University of Tokyo and shall not
be used for any other purpose nor disclosed to any other party without i.school’s written consent.
3434
セグメント:想定ユーザー(「エクストリームユーザ」ではない!)
質問項目:
① 日常の水の使い方や過去の困った体験を聞く
② プロト見せつつ未来の水インフラのアイデアを紹介
③ どんな点が良いか、どんな点は気になるか、それはなぜか、周辺情報や価値観、
習慣も含めて理由をなるべく具体的かつ多角的に聞いていく
④ 身近な人(家族や友達、親戚等)にすすめられるか?どういう説明で紹介する
か?
聞き方のコツ:
話を聞くにも、以下二種類スタッフを準備する
① アイデアを肯定的に説明する人
② アイデアに対して敢えて懐疑的/挑発的/否定的な事言ったりして揺さぶる人
揺れ動く場の雰囲気の中で想定ユーザーがどのように表情や発言変化させるか?
生活者インタビュー事例
35. 2014 i.school All Rights Reserved.
This material shall be the sole and exclusive property of i.school at The University of Tokyo and shall not
be used for any other purpose nor disclosed to any other party without i.school’s written consent.
35
こうした終わりのないプロセスを経て、幹を特定し強化しつつ、枝葉
をつけていく
幹
枝葉A
アイデア
枝葉B
36. 2014 i.school All Rights Reserved.
This material shall be the sole and exclusive property of i.school at The University of Tokyo and shall not
be used for any other purpose nor disclosed to any other party without i.school’s written consent.
36
抽象
具体 プロセス
抽象度
①雑多な事実情報の収集
③状況の構造的理解
④事業機会の探索
②事実情報の
グルーピングと抽象化
⑥アイデア創出
⑦アイデア選抜
⑨アイデア精緻化
・・・・
・・・・
・・・・
⑤事業機会の設定
⑧アイデアの具体化
0 1
理解 創出 実現
38. 2014 i.school All Rights Reserved.
This material shall be the sole and exclusive property of i.school at The University of Tokyo and shall not
be used for any other purpose nor disclosed to any other party without i.school’s written consent.
3838
より学びたい人向けに
いくつか名著をご紹介
39. 2014 i.school All Rights Reserved.
This material shall be the sole and exclusive property of i.school at The University of Tokyo and shall not
be used for any other purpose nor disclosed to any other party without i.school’s written consent.
3939
人間中心イノベーションプロセスと相性がい
いビジネスモデル構築のための本。
ポストイットつかったりのワークショップで
動的に使うような方法論として活用してもら
いたい。
ビジネスモデルジェネレーション
(アレックス・オスターワルダー、イヴ・ピニュール、)
40. 2014 i.school All Rights Reserved.
This material shall be the sole and exclusive property of i.school at The University of Tokyo and shall not
be used for any other purpose nor disclosed to any other party without i.school’s written consent.
4040
建築模型
・表現に適した材料の選択と作成方法の参考に
・思想まで含んだ存在
How Small? How Vast? How
Architecture Grows?
(石上純也)
41. 2014 i.school All Rights Reserved.
This material shall be the sole and exclusive property of i.school at The University of Tokyo and shall not
be used for any other purpose nor disclosed to any other party without i.school’s written consent.
4141
第5回授業のゴール
▶ 「アイデアにリアリティーを与える」方法を理解する
▶ 明日から、具体的にアイデアを伝えられる!
42. 2014 i.school All Rights Reserved.
This material shall be the sole and exclusive property of i.school at The University of Tokyo and shall not
be used for any other purpose nor disclosed to any other party without i.school’s written consent.
4242
Q&A
43. 2014 i.school All Rights Reserved.
This material shall be the sole and exclusive property of i.school at The University of Tokyo and shall not
be used for any other purpose nor disclosed to any other party without i.school’s written consent.
4343
Thank you!