The document provides information about the founding, industries, cities, origins of names, and dates of statehood for each of the 13 original colonies. It discusses the different regions of colonies - New England, Middle, and Southern colonies - and some of the reasons the colonies were established, including religious freedom, opportunities for trade and manufacturing, and the profitable cultivation of cash crops. The development of democratic ideas that began in the colonies, such as the Mayflower Compact, Virginia House of Burgesses, and Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, established principles of self-government and representative democracy.

1. 13 Colonies

2. New England Colonies
•Rhode Island
•Connecticut
•Massachusetts
•New Hampshire

3. New England
• Climate and Physical Features
–Rocky Soils
–Short farming season
–Subsistence farming
–Bad farming conditions
–Great harbors for port
• Cities like Boston

4. New England
• Economic Comparative
Advantage
–Commercial businesses ($$$)
•Fishing
•Shipping
•manufacturing

5. New England
•Why colonies were started
–Religious freedom
–Pilgrims, Puritans fled
England for Massachusetts

6. The New England Colonies
Rhode Island
Massachusetts
New Hampshire
Connecticut

7. Rhode Island
• Founded: 1636 by Roger Williams and
others, at Providence
• Major Industry: Agriculture (livestock,
dairy, fishing), Manufacturing
(lumbering)
• Major Cities: Providence
• Colony Named for: Dutch for "red island"
• Became a State: May 29, 1790

8. Connecticut
• Founded: 1636 by Thomas Hooker and
others, at Hartford
• Major Industry: Agriculture (wheat, corn,
fishing)
• Major Cities: Hartford, New Haven
• Colony Named for: from an Algonquin
word, quinnehtukqut, "beside the long
tidal river"
• Became a State: February 6, 1788

9. Massachusetts
• Founded: 1630 by John Winthrop and others, at
Massachusetts Bay
• Major Industry: Agriculture (fishing, corn,
livestock), Manufacturing (lumbering,
shipbuilding)
• Major Cities: Boston, Quincy, Plymouth, Salem,
Lexington, Concord
• Colony Named for: Massachusetts tribe (word
means "large hill place")
• Became a State: February 6, 1788

10. New Hampshire
• Founded: 1638 by John Wheelwright and
others
• Major Industry: Agriculture (potatoes,
fishing), Manufacturing (textiles,
shipbuilding)
• Major Cities: Concord
• Colony Named for: county of Hampshire
in England
• Became a State: June 21, 1788

11. Middle Colonies
•Delaware
•Pennsylvania
•New York
•New Jersey

12. Middle Colonies
•Climate and Physical
Features
–Good Soil
–Longer growing seasons than
New England
–Ok Harbors

13. Middle Colonies
• Economic Comparative
Advantage
–Known as the “Breadbasket”
•Grew crops like wheat and corn
–Provided food for other colonies
–Some shipping and manufacturing

14. Middle Colonies
•Why colonies were started
–Religious Freedom
•Make money through trade
(New York and New Jersey)

15. The Middle Colonies
New York
New Jersey
Pennsylvania
Delaware

16. Delaware
• Founded: 1638 by Peter Minuit and
others
• Major Industry: Agriculture (fishing),
Manufacturing (lumbering)
• Major Cities: Wilmington
• Colony Named for: named for the
Delaware tribe and for an early governor
of colonial Virginia, Lord de la Warr
• Became a State: December 7, 1787

17. Pennsylvania
• Founded: 1682 by William Penn and others, at
Philadelphia
• Major Industry: Agriculture (wheat, corn,
cattle, dairy), Manufacturing (textiles,
papermaking, shipbuilding)
• Major Cities: Philadelphia, Lancaster, York
• Colony Named for: William Penn and sylvania,
Latin for "forest"
• Became a State: December 12, 1787

18. New York
• Founded: 1626 by Peter Minuit and others, on
Manhattan Island
• Major Industry: Manufacturing (shipbuilding,
iron works), Agriculture (cattle, grain, rice,
indigo, wheat)
• Major Cities: New York City, Albany
• Colony Named for: Duke of York
• Became a State: July 26, 1788

19. New Jersey
• Founded: 1664 by English colonists(Sir
George Carteret & Lord Berkeley)
• Major Industry: Manufacturing
(ironworking, lumbering)
• Major Cities: Trenton, Princeton
• Colony Named for: Isle of Jersey in
England
• Became a State: December 18, 1787

20. Southern Colonies
• Maryland
• Virginia
• North Carolina
• South Carolina
• Georgia

21. Southern Colonies
• Climate and Physical Features
–Great Soil
–Warm Weather
–Very long growing seasons
–Bad harbors

22. Southern Colonies
• Economic Comparative
Advantage
–Focused on farming cash crops
–Large plantation farms for tobacco,
cotton, and indigo
–Almost no shipping

23. Southern Colonies
• Why colonies were started
–Almost all were started to make
money by growing cash crops
–Maryland was started for religious
freedom
–Georgia
•A place for criminals/ debtors

24. Southern Colonies
Maryland
Virginia
North Carolina
South Carolina
Georgia

25. Maryland
• Founded: 1633 by Lord Baltimore and others,
at Baltimore (safe haven for Catholics)
• Major Industry: Manufacturing (shipbuilding,
iron works), Agriculture (corn, wheat, rice,
indigo)
• Major Cities: Baltimore, Annapolis
• Colony Named for: Queen Henrietta Maria of
England
• Became a State: April 28, 1788

26. Virginia
• Founded: 1607 by John Smith and
others, at Jamestown
• Major Industry: Plantation agriculture
(tobacco, wheat, corn)
• Major Cities: Jamestown, Williamsburg,
Richmond
• Colony Named for: England's "Virgin
Queen," Elizabeth I
• Became a State: June 25, 1788

27. North Carolina
• Founded: 1653 by Virginia colonists
• Major Industry: Plantation agriculture
(indigo, rice, tobacco)
• Major Cities: Raleigh
• Colony Named for: from Carolus, the
Latin word for "Charles," Charles I of
England
• Became a State: November 21, 1789

28. South Carolina
• Founded: 1663 by English colonists
• Major Industry: Plantation agriculture
(indigo, rice, tobacco, cotton, cattle)
• Major Cities: Charleston
• Colony Named for: from Carolus, the
Latin word for "Charles," Charles I of
England
• Became a State: May 23, 1788

29. Georgia
• Founded: 1732 by James Oglethorpe and
others
• Major Industry: Agriculture (indigo, rice,
sugar)
• Major Cities: Savannah
• Colony Named for: England's King
George II
• Became a State: January 2, 1788

30. Reasons why the colonies began
• God – Religious Freedoms
•The Puritans and the Pilgrims fled
from England to the colonies
• Glory – Wanted the fame of
starting a new country
• Gold – People could make lots of
money in the colonies especially
on plantations

31. The Development
of Democratic
Ideas

32. Magna Carta-1215
• 1st document to limit
power of English
rulers
– Kings and queens must
obey the law too!
• Major step toward
constitutional
government
• Where? - England

33. Colonial Government – 1600s
• The governor of
colony represented
King
• Colonists voted for
members of a
legislature (assembly)

34. Virginia House of Burgesses-1619
• 1st representative
assembly in America
• Beginning of
representative
government
• Where? South

35. Mayflower Compact - 1620
• 1st document to
establish self-
government, popular
sovereignty and rule of
law in the colonies
• Where? New England

36. New England
Town Meetings - 1629
• Meeting for townspeople
to express themselves
openly
• Helped further direct
democracy as self-
government in the colonies
• One vote/one person
• Where? New England

37. Fundamental Orders
of Connecticut- 1639
• 1st written constitution in the American
colonies
• Began a pattern of the colonists securing
guaranteed rights.
• constitution = a written plan for government
• Where? New England

38. Maryland Toleration Act - 1649
• 1st document to
recogonize religious
freedom in the
colonies
• model for the 1st
Amendment of the
Constitution
• Where? Southern

39. English Bill of Rights (1689)
• List of rights for the English citizens
• Where? England
• Discuss
• Today where can US citizens look to find rights
that are given?