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13colonies (UNIT 4)
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- 2. New England Colonies •RhodeIsland •Connecticut •Massachusetts •New Hampshire
- 3. New England • Climateand Physical Features –Rocky Soils –Short farming season –Subsistence farming –Bad farming conditions –Great harbors for port • Cities like Boston
- 4. New England • EconomicComparative Advantage –Commercial businesses ($$$) •Fishing •Shipping •manufacturing
- 5. New England •Why colonieswere started –Religious freedom –Pilgrims, Puritans fled England for Massachusetts
- 6. The New EnglandColonies Rhode Island Massachusetts New Hampshire Connecticut
- 7. Rhode Island • Founded:1636 by Roger Williams and others, at Providence • Major Industry: Agriculture (livestock, dairy, fishing), Manufacturing (lumbering) • Major Cities: Providence • Colony Named for: Dutch for "red island" • Became a State: May 29, 1790
- 8. Connecticut • Founded: 1636by Thomas Hooker and others, at Hartford • Major Industry: Agriculture (wheat, corn, fishing) • Major Cities: Hartford, New Haven • Colony Named for: from an Algonquin word, quinnehtukqut, "beside the long tidal river" • Became a State: February 6, 1788
- 9. Massachusetts • Founded: 1630by John Winthrop and others, at Massachusetts Bay • Major Industry: Agriculture (fishing, corn, livestock), Manufacturing (lumbering, shipbuilding) • Major Cities: Boston, Quincy, Plymouth, Salem, Lexington, Concord • Colony Named for: Massachusetts tribe (word means "large hill place") • Became a State: February 6, 1788
- 10. New Hampshire • Founded:1638 by John Wheelwright and others • Major Industry: Agriculture (potatoes, fishing), Manufacturing (textiles, shipbuilding) • Major Cities: Concord • Colony Named for: county of Hampshire in England • Became a State: June 21, 1788
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- 12. Middle Colonies •Climate andPhysical Features –Good Soil –Longer growing seasons than New England –Ok Harbors
- 13. Middle Colonies • EconomicComparative Advantage –Known as the “Breadbasket” •Grew crops like wheat and corn –Provided food for other colonies –Some shipping and manufacturing
- 14. Middle Colonies •Why colonieswere started –Religious Freedom •Make money through trade (New York and New Jersey)
- 15. The Middle Colonies NewYork New Jersey Pennsylvania Delaware
- 16. Delaware • Founded: 1638by Peter Minuit and others • Major Industry: Agriculture (fishing), Manufacturing (lumbering) • Major Cities: Wilmington • Colony Named for: named for the Delaware tribe and for an early governor of colonial Virginia, Lord de la Warr • Became a State: December 7, 1787
- 17. Pennsylvania • Founded: 1682by William Penn and others, at Philadelphia • Major Industry: Agriculture (wheat, corn, cattle, dairy), Manufacturing (textiles, papermaking, shipbuilding) • Major Cities: Philadelphia, Lancaster, York • Colony Named for: William Penn and sylvania, Latin for "forest" • Became a State: December 12, 1787
- 18. New York • Founded:1626 by Peter Minuit and others, on Manhattan Island • Major Industry: Manufacturing (shipbuilding, iron works), Agriculture (cattle, grain, rice, indigo, wheat) • Major Cities: New York City, Albany • Colony Named for: Duke of York • Became a State: July 26, 1788
- 19. New Jersey • Founded:1664 by English colonists(Sir George Carteret & Lord Berkeley) • Major Industry: Manufacturing (ironworking, lumbering) • Major Cities: Trenton, Princeton • Colony Named for: Isle of Jersey in England • Became a State: December 18, 1787
- 20. Southern Colonies • Maryland •Virginia • North Carolina • South Carolina • Georgia
- 21. Southern Colonies • Climateand Physical Features –Great Soil –Warm Weather –Very long growing seasons –Bad harbors
- 22. Southern Colonies • EconomicComparative Advantage –Focused on farming cash crops –Large plantation farms for tobacco, cotton, and indigo –Almost no shipping
- 23. Southern Colonies • Whycolonies were started –Almost all were started to make money by growing cash crops –Maryland was started for religious freedom –Georgia •A place for criminals/ debtors
- 24. Southern Colonies Maryland Virginia North Carolina SouthCarolina Georgia
- 25. Maryland • Founded: 1633by Lord Baltimore and others, at Baltimore (safe haven for Catholics) • Major Industry: Manufacturing (shipbuilding, iron works), Agriculture (corn, wheat, rice, indigo) • Major Cities: Baltimore, Annapolis • Colony Named for: Queen Henrietta Maria of England • Became a State: April 28, 1788
- 26. Virginia • Founded: 1607by John Smith and others, at Jamestown • Major Industry: Plantation agriculture (tobacco, wheat, corn) • Major Cities: Jamestown, Williamsburg, Richmond • Colony Named for: England's "Virgin Queen," Elizabeth I • Became a State: June 25, 1788
- 27. North Carolina • Founded:1653 by Virginia colonists • Major Industry: Plantation agriculture (indigo, rice, tobacco) • Major Cities: Raleigh • Colony Named for: from Carolus, the Latin word for "Charles," Charles I of England • Became a State: November 21, 1789
- 28. South Carolina • Founded:1663 by English colonists • Major Industry: Plantation agriculture (indigo, rice, tobacco, cotton, cattle) • Major Cities: Charleston • Colony Named for: from Carolus, the Latin word for "Charles," Charles I of England • Became a State: May 23, 1788
- 29. Georgia • Founded: 1732by James Oglethorpe and others • Major Industry: Agriculture (indigo, rice, sugar) • Major Cities: Savannah • Colony Named for: England's King George II • Became a State: January 2, 1788
- 30. Reasons why thecolonies began • God – Religious Freedoms •The Puritans and the Pilgrims fled from England to the colonies • Glory – Wanted the fame of starting a new country • Gold – People could make lots of money in the colonies especially on plantations
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- 32. Magna Carta-1215 • 1stdocument to limit power of English rulers – Kings and queens must obey the law too! • Major step toward constitutional government • Where? - England
- 33. Colonial Government –1600s • The governor of colony represented King • Colonists voted for members of a legislature (assembly)
- 34. Virginia House ofBurgesses-1619 • 1st representative assembly in America • Beginning of representative government • Where? South
- 35. Mayflower Compact -1620 • 1st document to establish self- government, popular sovereignty and rule of law in the colonies • Where? New England
- 36. New England Town Meetings- 1629 • Meeting for townspeople to express themselves openly • Helped further direct democracy as self- government in the colonies • One vote/one person • Where? New England
- 37. Fundamental Orders of Connecticut-1639 • 1st written constitution in the American colonies • Began a pattern of the colonists securing guaranteed rights. • constitution = a written plan for government • Where? New England
- 38. Maryland Toleration Act- 1649 • 1st document to recogonize religious freedom in the colonies • model for the 1st Amendment of the Constitution • Where? Southern
- 39. English Bill ofRights (1689) • List of rights for the English citizens • Where? England • Discuss • Today where can US citizens look to find rights that are given?