The document defines circles and provides methods for graphing, writing equations of, and finding tangent lines to circles. It defines a circle as all points equidistant from the center and gives the radius as the distance from the center to any point on the circle. Graphing circles involves writing the standard form equation and plotting points a radius distance from the origin. Writing the equation of a circle given a point involves using the distance formula to find the radius and plugging into the standard form. Finding tangent lines involves finding the slope of the radius and using the perpendicular slope and point-slope form.