This document summarizes the basic structures and functions of cells, tissues, organs and organ systems. It explains that cells are the basic unit of life and come together to form tissues and organs in multicellular organisms. The circulatory system is provided as an example organ system that works with other systems to transport nutrients, oxygen, waste and more throughout the body via blood vessels, heart and blood. The structures and functions of plant and animal cells are also outlined, noting key differences like plant cells containing chloroplasts, a cell wall and usually one large central vacuole.

3. *Organism: is a living thing.
*Cell: is the smallest unit of living
things that can carry out the basic
processes of life.
*Example:-muscle cells
specialize in movement.
-Red blood cells carry
oxygen to other cells

4. *A tissue: is a group of similar cells that
work together to perform a job.
*An organ: is a group of tissues work
together to carry out a job.
-As organs work together in an organ system
to perform life function.
*Example: the circulatory system includes
heart, blood and blood vessels.
These work together to bring food, oxygen and
other materials to the cells.
Also some organ systems work together with
others.

5. Example:
*The digestive system sends food to
the circulatory system
*The blood vessels in the circulatory
system bring food to the cells.

6. -Unicellular: one-celled, organism is made of a
single cell that carries out its life processes .
Include growing, responding to environment,
reproducing and getting food.
-Multicellular: Many-celled, organisms are
made of more than one cell.
*Example: frog, trees and you
*In multicellular organisms, every cell carries
out its own life processes. The cells also work
together to take care of different functions for
the organism.

7. Note

8. *Plant cells and animal cells
have several basic structures
called organelles have functions
that help keep the cell alive.

10. functionsdescriptioncomponents
Controls what materials
move into and out of the cell.
-flexible wrapping layer around the
outside of the cell.
Cell membrane
-Supports all the cell's
structures.
-some of the cell's life
processes take place in it.
-Gel-like liquid made mostly of
water filed the cell membrane and
variety of organelles float in it.
Cytoplasm
-Its wall allows certain
materials to pass in and out.
-sends signals to all other
parts of the cell as it controls
the cell growth, movement
and division.
*The cell's control center
*It’s large, round
*Has membrane with pores or
openings.
*In the center of the cell
Nucleus
Supplies energy for the cell as
they break down food which
release energy.
*oval, membrane-covered
organelle
Mitochondria
-Store water, food and wastes
-Release whatever it is
storing by the nucleus 'signal
* membrane-covered
*some animal cells have many
vacuoles and some may not have
any.
vacuoles

13. *Plant cells have additional organelles that animal
cells don’t have.
1)Cell wall: * Additional outer covering around the cell.
* Its function :provides the plant cell with
strength and extra support.
2)Vacuole: * Usually have one large, central vacuole.
*Its function :-Store water that keeps the plant
from drying out.
-Release the water they have stored
according to the plant needs.
3)Chloroplasts: *Green structures where the energy from
sunlight is used to produce food for the plant.
*Are green because they contain a chemical
called chlorophyll that is able to use energy
in sunlight.

15. Animal cellPlant cell
×√Cell wall
√√Mitochondria
×√Chloroplasts
√√Nucleus
√√Chromosomes
smalllargeVacuole
√√Cell membrane
√√cytoplasm