6. WWhhaatt ddoo wwee ppllaann
aanndd
wwhhyy ddoo wwee nneeeedd ttoo PPllaann??
PPllaannnniinngg iiss ddoonnee ffoorr rreessoouurrcceess.. PPllaannnniinngg eennttaaiillss tthhee ooppttiimmaall
uuttiilliizzaattiioonn ooff rreessoouurrcceess ssoo tthhaatt tthhee ffoolllloowwiinngg aarree aacchhiieevveedd::
PPrroodduuccttiivviittyy
((rreellaatteess ttoo MMeenn aanndd MMaacchhiinneess))
EEffffeeccttiivveenneessss
((rreellaatteess ttoo MMeetthhooddss eemmppllooyyeedd))
EEffffiicciieennccyy
((rreellaatteess ttoo MMeenn,, MMeetthhooddss aanndd MMaacchhiinneess))
The Result is the Profitability of the Enterprise.
7. A Enterprise Arrcchhiitteeccttuurree -- BBeenneeffiittss
Eliminates the duplication, discontinuity and
redundancy in data
Increases the return on investment made on IT
implementations
Delivers quality information designed for the
Enterprise as a whole
Faster and cheaper
Delivers quality information to produce a
quality enterprise
Satisfying Partners/Customers
Reducing required manpower
9. WWhhoo?? Founders : Ex-IBM Employees
AAss?? Founded as Systemanalyse und Programmentwicklung
((SSyysstteemm AAnnaallyyssiiss aanndd PPrrooggrraamm DDeevveellooppmmeenntt))
WWhheenn?? On April 1, 1972
WWhheerree?? In Mannheim, Germany
11. WWhhyy??
• RReeaassoonn 11 :: As Client after client are
developing the same, or very similar,
computer programs
• RReeaassoonn 22 :: So that data is processed
interactively in real-time, and the computer
screen should be the focal point of data
processing
15. EEvveennttss iinn SSAAPP hhiissttoorryy
In the fifth year of operations, SAP took a new
name SSyysstteemmee AAnnwweenndduunnggeenn PPrroodduukkttee iinn ddeerr
DDaatteennvveerraarrbbeeiittuunngg
((SSyysstteemmss,, AApppplliiccaattiioonnss,, PPrroodduuccttss iinn DDaattaa
PPrroocceessssiinngg””))
SAP moved its offices and headquarters to
Walldorf in 1977.
SAP went public as SAP AG on Nov 4, 1988.
FFiirrsstt ccuussttoommeerr ffoorr SSAAPP
GGeerrmmaann IICCII ssuubbssiiddiiaarryy iinn OOssttrriinnggeenn
30. SAP R/3 was officially launched on 6 July,
30
1992.
It is a client-server version of software.
It is manageable on multiple platforms and
operating systems, such as Windows or
UNIX .
It embraced the object-oriented concept
of “business objects”
31. It is the Largest European software vendor.
SAP AG became the company’s official
name after the 2005 annual general
meeting.
It ranks after Microsoft, Google, Apple,
and IBM in terms of Market Capitalization.
32. While its original products are typically used by
Fortune 500 companies, SAP is now also actively
targeting small and Medium sized Enterprises
(SME) with its SAP Business One and SAP All-in-
One.
32
33. According to SAP officials, there are over
100,600 SAP installations serving more than 38,000
companies in more than 120 countries, which
are used by more than 12 million people.
33
34. SAP provided selected standardized processes,
which were termed best-practice solutions of
34
processes.
The implementation of SAP software commonly
required the expertise of knowledgeable
external consultants, who are familiar with the
best practices.
35. SAP High Tech & Electronics
SAP Consumer Products
SAP Transportation
SAP Public Sector
SAP Telecomm.
SAP Chemicals
SAP Pharmaceuticals
SAP Retail
SAP Banking
SSAAPP IInndduussttrryy SSoolluuttiioonn
SAP Engineering & Construction
SAP Oil & Gas
SAP Utilities
SAP Health Care
SAP Automotive
SAP Media
SAP Aerospace & Defense
SAP Service Providers
SAP Mill SAP Finance
...
Business
Information
Ware-house
Sales
Force
Auto-mation
B2B
Procurement
Advanced
Planner &
Optimizer
RR//33
37. R/3
Client / Server
ABAP
FI
Financial
Accounting
CO
Controlling
TR
Treasury.
PS
Project
System
SD
Sales &
Distribution
MM
Materials
PP Mgmt.
Production
Planning
QM
Quality
Manage-ment
PM
Plant Main-tenance
HR
Human
Resources
WF
Workflow
IS
Industry
Solutions
Integrated turnkey
solutions
Open
Systems
Client/Server
Architecture
Enterprise Data
Model
Integrated Real-
Time
Multi-national
Multi-currency
Industry-Solutions
Internet / Intranet
SSAAPP RR//33 SSyysstteemm
38. Other mmaajjoorr pprroodduucctt ooffffeerriinnggss iinncclluuddee
•Advanced Planner and Optimizer(APO)
• Business Information Warehouse(BW)
• Customer Relationship Management(CRM)
• Supply Chain Management(SCM)
• Supplier Relationship Management(SRM)
• Human Resources Management System(HRMS)
• Product Lifecycle Management(PLM)
• Exchange Infrastructure(XI)
• Enterprise Portal(EP)
• SAP Knowledge Warehouse(KW))
41. CCoommmmoonn mmyySSAAPP..ccoomm TTeecchhnnoollooggyy
Plug-Ins IBU Add-On
SEM APO BBP
ABAP etc. (Cross-Application)
SAP BASIS (Basis)
HR
Central
Applications
with/without HR
BW CRM
classic R/3"
A common Basis for all mySAP. com Products
42. Customer
Programs
Ap p lic a tio ns ,
s uch a s FI/CO
SSSAAAPPP BBBaaasssiiisss
System Software
SSAAPP BBaassiiss
43. SSAAPP RR//33 CCoonncceeppttuuaall AArreeaass
SAP Conceptual Areas
Application Area
(Initiate and execute
SAP transactions)
(Functional)
Basis Area
(The technical
administration of
the system)
(Authorizations/Ids/etc)
Development Area
(1. A developer’s
workbench
2. Create & Test
ABAP/4 programs)
(Technical)
50. AAddddiinngg ttoo ffaavvoorriitteess
Steps to add transaction to favorites
Step I: Select the transaction you want to add to
favorites
Step II: Right click on the transaction you want to
add to favorites
Step III: Select Add to favorites.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55. Session 1
ã SAP AG
SSeessssiioonn 33
R
Working in Several Sessions
Session 4
SSeessssiioonn 22
Cost center
Cost acctg.
Valid from
Descriptions
Name
Description
Long text
Session 6
Exec.Board
Executive Board cost center
X
Session 5
56. ã SAP AG
R
The Icon Bar in the R/3 System
Enter
Save
Back
Exit
Cancel
Help
Execute
Find
Sort
Print
Change « Display
?? Page
57. ã SAP AG
R
User Profiles
Own data: allows you to
change your address,
defaults, and parameters
Address: enables you to
set your communication
information
Defaults: allows you to
specify your preferred
printer and date and
number formats
Parameters: allows you to
set default values in
frequently used fields
Information systems Tools System
?? Create session
End session
User profile
Services
Utilities
List
Object services
Own spool requests
Own jobs
Short message
Status...
Log off
Hold data
Set data
Delete data
Application values
Own data
Favorite maint.
58. SAP R/3
ã SAP AG
R
Getting Help with the R/3 System
Accounting Office Logistic Human resources
??
Dynamic menu
Information systems Tools System Help
Extended help
R/3 library
Find...
Glossary
Release notes
Getting Started
Settings...
Help on help
59. ã SAP AG
R
SAP HTML Help Files
Contents Index Search
R/3 Library
SAP Help - R/3 Library
Hide Back Forward Home Print Options
R/3 Library
BC - Basis
CA - Cross Application
FI - Financial Accounting
HR - Human Resources
LO - Logistics
Information
64. Defining the Points on the ASAP Roadmap
Project
Preparation
ã SAP AG 2002
Business
Blueprint
•Project Management
•Organizational Change Management
•Training
•Baseline Configuration and Confirmation
•System Management
•Final Configuration and Confirmation
•Develop Programs, Interfaces etc.
•Final Integration Test
•Quality Check
Realization
Final
•Production Support
•Ongoing KPI
Management
•Project End
Preparation Go Live &
Support
•Initial Project Planning
•Project
Procedures
•Training
•Project Kickoff
•Technical Requirements
Planning
•Quality Check
•Project Management
•Organizational Change Management
•Develop System Environment
•Training
•Business Organizational Structure
•Business Process Definition
•User Roles and Authorization
•Quality Check
•Project Management
•End User Training
•System Management
•System Tests
•Detailed Project Planning
•Cutover
•Quality Check
65. Documents of an ASAP Project
1 2 3 4 5
ã SAP AG 2002
Master Lists
Microsoft Excel
Spreadsheets for
Development, Organization,
Business Processes and
Authorizations
Project
Charter
BPP
Q&Adb
Substructures:
Business Strategy
Organization
General Settings
Master Data
Business Process
Cross Application
Development
Business
Blueprint
Project
Plan
Scope
Config.
Plan
Testing
Plan
Unit testing
Test scenario
Integration
Cutover
Plan
Volume
Test
Stress
Test
System
Performance
Review
Conduct
End User
Training
Project
Team
Org.
Stand. &
Proced.
Technical
Operations
Manual
Progr.
Develp.
EU
Training
Material
Microsoft Word
Documents
66.
67. INTRODUCTION TO SAP:
Overview of the SAP R/3 System
& Getting Started with R/3
11/19/14 67
68. What Is Enterprise Resource
Planning?
The integration of all computing within an
organization such that:
◦ all major business processes are
encompassed and standardized and
◦ all data is usable by all functional areas
of the business
Enterprise Resource Planning = ERP
◦ Integrate many business functions into one
seamless application
◦ Usually are applications systems that run on
top of a RDBMS
69. What Is Enterprise Resource
Planning?
Strategic Information
Managerial Information
Transaction
Information
Executive IS
Sales &
Marketing
HR
Manufacturing
Procurement
Accounting
& Finance
Decision Support
One Integrated Information System
70. Characteristics of ERPs
Link all business processes automatically
Reduce interprocessing time (transactions occur one
time at the source)
Maintain complete audit trail of all transactions
Use one common database (e.g., Oracle, Sybase, DB2)
Perform automatic internal conversions (e.g., foreign
currency, taxes, legal “rules” for payroll)
Improve customer service by putting data at the
fingertips of any employee
Involve users in the entire functional cycle
Unify backup, recovery procedures and other system
administration tasks
Secure the system from disaster and unauthorized use
71. Advantages of ERPs, in General
Provide fully integrated business
functions or modules that support
business processes
Help develop understanding of business
processes by tracking information
through the process
Standardize systems development life
cycle
Move toward business process re-engineering
11/19/14 71
Center re-engineering around the
72. What Is SAP R/3?
SAP is an example of an ERP System
SAP R/3
◦ SAP’s Client Server version (Distributes
process and presentation)
◦ Based on R/2 (Mainframe version -
centralization of data and process)
◦ R/3 4.6: New release distributes data,
process, and presentation, and is Web
enabled
11/19/14 72
73. Worldwide Organized in 4
Operating Regions
Argentina
Brazil
Canada Finland
Chile
Colombia
Mexico
* Through Partners
AAssiiaa PPaacciiffiicc
Australia
China
Hong
Kong
India
Japan
Korea
Malaysia
New
Zealand
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Indonesia
Norway
Slovak
Republic
AAffrriiccaa // MMiiddddllee EEaasstt
Middle East*
Israel*
Turkey*
South Africa
Spain
Switzerland
EEuurrooppee
Austria
Belgium
Denmark
France
Germany
Greece*
Italy
Netherlands
Portugal
Russia
Sweden
Czech
Republic
Hungary*
Poland
U.K.
AAmmeerriiccaa
U.S.A.
Venezuela
Romania
Croatia
75. Summary: What is SAP R/3?
Highly Integrated Application Software
Client/Server Technology
Based on Best Business Practices
Based on Open Standards
Various RDBMS: Oracle, Informix,
etc.
TCP/IP (standard communication
protocol)
UNIX, Windows NT, OS/400, etc.
OLE, RPC’s, Open Interfaces
11/19/14 76
76. Why is R/3 so Important?
Forces a Consolidation of Diverse IS
Systems
Total Change in Doing Business -
Redesign Business Process Around the
Information System
Main Vehicle for Re-engineering Business
Processes using Best Practices
ERPs are described by Some as the
Second Major Revolution in Computer
History
Adopted by Most Large Corporations
11/19/14 77
77. Main Features of R/3
ALL Business processes draw on same
database
Rules are configurable and drive data
integrity
Operates in many languages
Translates currency “automatically”
Documents workflow, business processes
and the data in one set of models that are
highly integrated
Integrates several views of data:
transactions, managerial, decision support
11/19/14 78
78. What Does It Involve?
What Does It Involve?
◦ Fully Implemented Three Tier
Client/Server Architecture
◦ Involves All of the Major
Business Cycles: Procurement,
Financial Accounting, Sales,
Logistics, HR, Production
Planning, Asset Mgmt..
◦ Fully Integrated Data Model
(Non-redundant Data)
11/19/14 79
79. What Does It Involve?
◦ Database Server Primarily Runs
on UNIX, However NT Server
is a Second Preferred Platform
◦ Applications Servers Run on
UNIX & Windows/NT
◦ Presentation Servers -
Windows, Windows/95,
Windows/NT, Apple MAC,
UNIX (X-Windows)
11/19/14 80
80. Introduction to SAP R/3
Advantages of SAP
◦ Covers Many Business
Functions
◦ Strong Workflow Capabilities
◦ Can Handle Many Different
Types of Complex Transactions
- Data Entered One time, One
Place, At the Source
◦ Implemented in Many Large,
High-Tech Firms
11/19/14 81
81. Introduction to SAP R/3
Disadvantages of SAP
◦ Expensive
◦ Very Complex
◦ Demands Highly Trained Staff
◦ Lengthy Implementation Time
◦ Inter-modules functions least
understood by business, but
high on list of reasons to buy
◦ Creates internal conflict in
organizations
11/19/14 82
82. How Is It Done?
An SAP Installation Is a Serious
Undertaking
Usually a Large Business Will Re-engineer
Its Business Processes at the Same Time
(OR First)
Different Approaches
◦ Big Bang - Convert All Systems
at Once
◦ Phased Conversion - Gradual
Migration
11/19/14 83
83. How Is It Done?
Things That Have to Be Done
◦ Learn the SAP System
◦ Analyze the Current, As-Is
Processes
◦ Determine What SAP
Functionality You Need
◦ Install and Configure (customize)
the SAP System
◦ Test the configuration
11/19/14 84
Most Large SAP Installations
84. Accelerated SAP Roadmap
(ASAP):
R/3 Accelerated Implementation
1 2 3 4 5 6
Project
Prep.
Business
Blueprint
Simu-lation
Vali-dation
Final
Prep.
Go Live
&
Support
Start Here
Realize Business Benefits
Benefits of Enterprise Architecture
As we see, an Enterprise Architecture Eliminates discontinuity and redundancies of data in the enterprise systems, making it useful for management purposes.
Delivering quality information designed for the Enterprise as a whole, proves to be faster and cheaper.
In effect, an Enterprise Architecture Delivers quality information to produce a quality Enterprise.
An enterprise architecture is also popularly called as an ERP solution, as an enterprise architecture in itself is an offshoot of the concept of Enterprise Resource Planning.
This is the R/3 product diamond. These are the applications we support.
All of the applications are integrated. R/3 replaces the majority of best of breed systems so you business is streamlined.
One vendor supporting best of breed solutions.
In addition we provide industry specific solutions for several of the industries, and all industries benefit from one another in that we keep incorporating requirements from all industries into the core product.
SAP R/3 Conceptual Areas
The R/3 system, as an application, is conceptually divided into 3 areas. Namely the application area, the basis area and the development area.
This is in being synonymous to the 3 main type of users. Viz., the application users or the end users, the admin users, popularly called as the basis people and the developers.
The application area is where users initiate and execute transactions of the various functional areas of R/3 like Accounting, Human Resources, Logistics etc.
The basis area is where the basis people or the admin users execute transactions that are used for monitoring the R/3 system like performance, database administration, scheduling etc.
The development area is where tools and transactions are available for developers and programmers to create and test ABAP/4 programs. This is referred to as a developer’s workbench.
The R/3 System is a client system. The client concept enables the joint operation, in one system, of several enterprises that are independent of each other in business terms. During each user session you can only access the data of the client selected during the logon.
A client is, in organizational terms, an independent unit in the R/3 System. Each client has its own data environment and therefore its own master data and transaction data, assigned user master records and charts of accounts, and specific customizing parameters. A user master record linked to the relevant client must be created for users to be able to log on to the system.
To protect access, a password is required for logon. The password is hidden as you type (you only see asterisks).
n SAP systems are available in several languages. Use the Language input field to select the logon language for each session. Multiple logons are always logged in the system beginning with Release 4.6. This is for security as
well as licensing reasons. A warning message appears if the same user attempts to log on twice or more. This message offers three options:
. Continue with current logon and end any other logons in the system
. Continue with current logon without ending any other logons in the system (logged in system)
. Terminate current logon
SAP Easy Access is the standard entry screen displayed after logon. Using the menu path Extras® Set start transaction you can select a transaction of your choice to be the default entry screen after logon.
You navigate through the system using a compact tree structure that you can adapt to your own specific requirements. Use the menu path Extras® Settings to change your view of the tree structure. You can use this to display technical names (transaction codes).
You can also create a Favorites list of the transactions, reports, files and Web sites you use most.
You can add items to your favorites list using the Favorites menu option or by simply dragging & dropping them with the mouse.
Command field: You can use the command field to go to applications directly by entering the transaction code. You can find the transaction code either in the SAP Easy Access menu tree (see next slide) or in the relevant application under System® Status.
Menu bar: The menus shown here depend on which application you are working in. These menus contain cascading menu options.
Standard toolbar: The icons in the system function bar are available on all R/3 screens. Any icons that you cannot use on a particular screen are dimmed. If you leave the cursor on an icon for a moment, a small flag will appear with the name (or function) of that icon. You will also see the corresponding function key. The application toolbar shows you which functions are available in the current application.
Title bar: The title bar displays your current position and activity in the system.
Check boxes: Checkboxes allow you to select several options simultaneously within a group.
Radio buttons: Radio buttons allow you to select one option only.
Status bar: The status bar displays information on the current system status, for example, warning and error messages.
A tab provides a clearer overview of several information screens.
Options: You can set your font size, list colors, and so on here.
You can select system functions in the following ways:
Use the mouse to choose
. Menu options
. Favorites
. Other options in the tree structure (tree control)
Use the keyboard (ALT + the underlined letter of the relevant menu option)
Enter a transaction code in the command field:
. A transaction code (T-Code) is assigned to each function in R/3 (not each screen).
. You can access the assigned transaction code from any screen in the R/3 System.
. You can find the transaction code for the function you are working in under the Status option of the System menu.
. For example, to display Accounts receivable master data, enter “/n” and the appropriate transaction code (in this case “/nfd03”).
. Other possible entries:
“/n” ends the current transaction. “/i” ends the current session.
“/osm04” creates a new session and goes to the transaction specified (SM04).
. You can also use the keyboard to get to the command field. Use the CTRL + TAB key
combination to make the cursor move from one (input) field group to the next. Use TAB to move between fields within a group.
A role describes a set of logically linked transactions. These transactions represent the range of functions users typically need at their workstations.
Activity groups (user roles) have to be set up using the Profile Generator so that users of the SAP System can work with user-specific or position-related menus. The authorizations for the activities listed in the menus are also assigned to the users using activity groups. With Release 4.6, predefined activity groups (user roles) from all application areas are included in the standard system.
Users who have been assigned to an activity group can choose between the user menu and the SAP
standard menu.
The above screen shows the role -based user menu for the “Accounts Receivable Supervisor” as an example. You can find other roles that are supplied in the standard SAP System with the corresponding activity groups using the Other menu pushbutton in the SAP Easy Access initial screen.
Use F1 for help on fields, menus, functions and messages.
F1 help also provides technical information on the relevant field. This includes, for example, the parameter ID, which you can use to assign values to the field for your user.
Use F4 for information on what values you can enter. You can also access F4 help for a selected field using the button immediately to the right of that field.
If input fields are marked with a small icon with a checkmark, then you can only continue in that application by entering a permitted value. You can flag many fields in an application to make them either required entry fields or optional entry fields. You can also hide fields using transaction or screen variants or Customizing.
SAP is separately incorporated in over 40 countries around the world, broken up into 4 operating regions:
America
Europe and Africa / Middle East
Asia Pacific.
When you use R/3, you are free to choose your technical infrastructure. You determine which hardware, operating systems, or databases you want to use. The entire gamut of offerings from the leading international vendors is open to you; you can even plan your IT strategy with various systems from different manufacturers. Most importantly, the openness of R/3 protects your investment for the long term. As your company grows, R/3 grows with you. And if you change your hardware environment, R/3 stays with you on your path of change without jeopardizing your software investment.
Infinitely expandable
The number of workstations you include with the R/3 in your client/server solution is determined solely by your individual need. R/3 is infinitely expandable, and can be used just as well in client/server architectures with 30 seats as in installations with 3,000 end-users. This scalability ensures that R/3 can always grow with your requirements. We offer total solutions for qualified client/server information processing that combines a variety of products and services in a smoothly functioning communication network. R/3 incorporates not only system management, database recovery, and print management, but also network administration and backup solutions. Our partnerships with hardware manufacturers, database providers, and technology and service companies play a significant role here.
Everything is possible...
The benefit: Cooperative client/server processing distributes applications and computing capabilities almost at will across a number of levels, and systematically takes advantage of the strengths of different hardware and software components. Whether you use R/3 in two- or three-tier client/server architectures, locally or worldwide,
This slide shows the major phases in R/3 implementation. Each of these phases will be discussed in turn.
It is appropriate to use Accelerated SAP only when the implementation will closely follow R/3’s best business practices, and when the organization will be relatively stable (no major changes in structure planned).
Accelerated SAP was designed to eliminate non-value-added tasks; therefore, no steps should be skipped.
This slide shows the major phases in R/3 implementation. Each of these phases will be discussed in turn.
It is appropriate to use Accelerated SAP only when the implementation will closely follow R/3’s best business practices, and when the organization will be relatively stable (no major changes in structure planned).
Accelerated SAP was designed to eliminate non-value-added tasks; therefore, no steps should be skipped.
