Early Ambulation Accelerate Recovery Essay

Early Ambulation Accelerate Recovery Essay
Early Ambulation After Hip Surgery Accelerates Recovery
Colleen Peters
Azusa Pacific University
GNRS 507: Scientific Writing Diana Amaya Rodriquez, PhD, MS, CNS, RN
July 3, 2013
Research studies conducted all over the world, including Japan, Italy, Ireland, Denmark, Australia, and the United States, have explored the effects of
early ambulation. Early ambulation is defined as less than 48 hours after surgery. The purpose of this paper is to review current research regarding
implementation of early mobilization in the post surgical hip patients that are 65 years of age or older. Early ambulation has been linked to accelerated
recovery in the elderly who have undergone hip surgery. Accelerated recovery may... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They also found a decrease length in hospital stay from 7.8 to 4.9 days for those that ambulated the day of surgery. The authors of this study contributed
these findings to nurse–led efforts with early and more aggressive ambulation. Nurses led off this new intervention with an information day, which
consisted of informing patients (in groups) of the accelerated path, and also to prepare the patients for surgery through individual consultations with the
surgeon, anesthesiologist, and nurse. However, in 2012 a study conducted in Japan addressed the question of whether nursing care predicted length of
stay in older adults (65 years and older) that had hip surgery and found a lower incidence of complications, but did not find a significant effect on
patient's length of stay. (Kondo, Sada, Yamaguchi, & Fujimoto, 2012) Nevertheless, the incorporation of nursing care with the prevention of
complications, encouragement of weight bearing, and controlled pain is believed to contribute to shorter length of stay.
Reduction of Complications Getting out of bed accelerates blood circulation and respiratory functions contributing to the prevention of complications
(Kondo et al., 2012). Kamel, Iqbal, Mogallapu, Maas, and Hoffman (2003) tested the hypothesis that time to ambulation after hip surgery impacts the
frequency of post–operative complication and
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Personal Narrative: Orthopedic Surgery
I stand awkwardly as a scrub nurse dresses me in a cap, gown, and booties in a hallway. At seventeen years old, it is a dream come true to have the
opportunity to shadow an orthopedic surgeon for a day. Standing outside of the operating room, I pause to take a few deep breaths and remind myself
to keep it together. I enter the room and stand behind the surgeon, wide–eyed and silently taking in the sights of the staff, the patient, and the
assortment of astounding medical equipment in the room. The surgeon goes in for the first cut and opens up the patient's right arm. In that moment,
the room begins to spin slightly and a ringing overcomes my ears. Horrified, I sway over to the corner of the room and find my way to the floor.
Convinced that I have completely humiliated myself, I sit there wishing for a way to disappear and escape from this embarrassment.... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
After that initial shock, I went on to shadow her for three more surgeries and found myself captivated by the manner in which the staff worked so
fluidly and efficiently as a team to really take care of a person and try to improve their quality of life. An overwhelming sense of meaning washed
over me as I fell in love with medicine and the idea of a career in which I would dedicate my life to helping improve the lives of others. That night, I
eagerly began extensive research on various positions within the hospital and found it fascinating that as a Physician Assistant (PA), I would have a
partnership with a physician while being able to act at a significant level of involvement with patients. It seemed too good to be true, and it was in that
moment at seventeen years old I knew without a doubt that I was going to become a

A Multidisciplinary Approach to Patient Care
The goal for nurses as a profession is not only to be "patient advocates" but also assist the patient to learn and gain the necessary skills to achieve the
best level of functioning for the patient based on their current illness. In order to help a patient achieve their optimal level of functioning the nurse
must work with the patient and the interdisciplinary team to create a collaborative plan that is logical for the patient. Through examining a
musculoskeletal disorder case study #35 from Preusser (2008), one can create a critical pathway for the patient, S.P. a 75 year old female, with severe
rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and admitted to the orthopedic ward for a hip fracture status post fall (p. 183). Since the patient's needs is unique ... Show
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She has a medical history of severe RA, had an upper gastrointestinal bleed in 1993, and had coronary artery disease with a coronary artery bypass
graft (CABG) 9 months ago. She lives alone but has three children whom live close to her. She is a widow and her father died of cancer at 62 years old
and mother died from heart failure at 79 years old. She has a 50–pack–year smoking history but denies alcohol use. Ever since her CABG she has
engaged in "very mild exercises at home." Her medications are Rabeprazole (Aciphex) 20mg/day, Prednisone (Deltasone) 5 mg/day PO and
Methotrexate (Amethopterin) 2.5 mg/week.
Through use of the Universal Intellectual Standards of Quality Thinking (UISQT) the nurse should use the standards, relevance and significance, to
organize and categorize the patient's information and separate the important assessment data that will help to tailor an appropriate plan for the patient
(Wilkinson, 2011, p. 70). These skills are important because through relevance one can separate what information is relevant to the patient's problem
and through significance one can sort out what data is most important and what data is normal for the relevant data. The assessment data of S.P.'s vital
signs and body mass index are normal. The important data sorted for S.P. includes her age, medical history, oxygen saturation and 50
–pack–year
smoking history, fall at home leading to an intracapsular fracture of the hip at the

Orthopedic Surgery Decision
My decision to pursue orthopedic surgery as a career did not come until my third year of medical school. It was truly solidified after spending time in
the trenches with orthopedic residents and attendings during my subinterships when it became clear that nothing else could possibly compare to this
specialty, and in fact, nothing else even comes close. Although I did not make up my mind until later into my medical training, I view this as a
positive. I gave a wide range of specialties consideration, and armed with that information I was able to make an informed decision. Everything from
operating with the goal of restoring anatomy and function, to acutely saving lives and limbs, to the relationships developed with patients, to the

My Favorite Sport In My Life
Have you ever wanted something so severely and it ripped out from underneath you? That's exactly how I felt after finding out I could no longer
continue my high school volleyball career. I was ready to have the volleyball season of my life and then I came up short. God always has a plan, but at
this point I can't think of a single reason why he would do this to me and make me miss out on my senior season of my favorite sport. Every time I
stepped on the court I gave everything I had and I did the best of my ability. First day of school senior year, I was excited to be on the last stretch of my
high school career and I was more excited to have a volleyball scrimmage after school. We were scrimmaging the junior varsity and it was like a
normal game with referees. We were going to play best three out of five, and we won the first set. During the game, I started in the front row and
then rotated to the back row and got to serve. I am a middle hitter and I didn't play back row unless I was serving. That is when everything went
wrong. JV hit the ball back over and we shank it off, but I could still get it back into play if I went after it. I turn and start sprinting to the back wall
trying to get to the shanked ball before it hits the ground. Suddenly, I collide with the purple brick wall with full force and my hands are the only part
that stop me from my whole body running into it. Instantly, I feel pain in my right wrist, but I assume that it is just sore from the impact so

Amt Task2
Valerie Johnson
AMT2 Task 2
Western Governor's University
May 1, 2014
Trinity Community Hospital conducted a focused community health needs assessment centering on cancer, orthopedic and cardiovascular services.
The information was obtained through a multitude of sources including: epidemiological surveys, focus groups, interviews with healthcare
professionals and healthcare facilities' planning guidelines.
Risk Factors
Oncology Services The needs assessment revealed that 15% of the population will be older than age 65 within the next 5 years. 50% of men and 33%
of women are expected to develop cancer during their lifetime. New cases of cancer are expected to grow by 34% in the next 5 years.
Current physician practices that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Angioplasties are expected to increase by 25.8%. There will be a need for additional catheterization labs, surgical suites and expanded cardiac
rehabilitation programs. There needs to be better coordination of care to ensure timely scheduling of procedures. Education programs need to be
developed emphasizing cardiac risk factors, healthy living and lifestyle modifications.
Addressing Needs
Trinity Community Hospital currently does not have any formal oncology, orthopedic or cardiology programs in place.
Oncology
Trinity, currently is not addressing the needs of the community in regards to oncology services. There are no oncologists that practice at Trinity
Community Hospital, but there are physicians who have expressed interest if a program was developed. The physician groups that offer oncology
services are at their capacity. The hospital currently does have imaging services, including a MRI scanner. Additionally, the hospital has a mobile PET
scanner 2 days per week. Trinity Community Hospital currently does not have any chemotherapy units or nurses that have experience with
chemotherapy. While, the other 2 hospitals in the area have cancer programs, there are no coordinators in place to facilitate the scheduling of patients.
The care of oncology patients is fragmented. Currently there are no prevention programs in place. There are educational programs in place, but they are
not offered frequently.
Orthopedic Services Trinity

Nationality In Orthopedic Surgery
Nationality has an impact on respect in a way that people tend to refer to others by their countries of origin. Depending on how good one is at
performing a certain task both in school and at work which draws one respect from peers. For example based on data from the Association of
American Medical Colleges(AAMC) ,women make up a larger percentage of residents in pediatrics compared to men that specialize more in
surgery.The same gender–bias in some male–dominated specialties may deter female residents from pursuing them. "Orthopedic surgery is still very
male dominated and it's one of those fields where the culture of the specialty reflects a 'boy's boy' image," said Dr Ring. "I don't think many women
have known how to fit into that group

Motivation Of A Patient 's Level Of Intrinsic Motivation
Abstract The overall purpose of this study is to determine if a relationship exists between a patient's level of intrinsic motivation and success in rehab
given two different therapy settings. Determining if such a relationship exists will allow for doctors and physical therapists alike to guide their patients
more effectively in deciding the most appropriate protocol. The study will recruit 50 participants aged 65–75 that are scheduled to undergo total knee
arthroplasty. The participants will be randomly assigned to an outpatient physical therapy protocol or to a home–based rehabilitation protocol.
Pre–surgery, they will be assessed on their levels of intrinsic motivation using the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory. Following a twelve week
rehabilitation protocol, participants will have the range of motion of their knee joint measured using a Chattanooga Group Goniometer. Additionally,
they will have their knee functionality and joint pain measured utilized the Oxford Knee Score. Upon completion of these measurements, data will be
organized and statistical analysis will be performed in the form of multiple regression analysis. On an individual level, determining if a relationship
exists between motivation type and corresponding success in a given setting has implications in elevating the level of patient care for orthopedic
procedures. The next step in the research process is to develop additional studies seeking to clarify and address the different and more in depth

Orthopedic Surgeon Career
Anandhini Narayanan
Mrs. Polesiak
English 9 Accelerated
11 April 2012
Orthopedic Surgeon: The Career of Bones With our technology–advancing society, the numbers of existing careers are greatly increasing. In today's
culture there is a diverse spectrum of careers ranging from musician to proctologist. When choosing a career, one usually identifies their skills, in
order for their expertise to be utilized in a job. Every career is vital and necessary, because it benefits the society as a whole; not just one person. One
career that benefits people physically, mentally, and emotionally is the job of an orthopedic surgeon.Orthopedic surgery is now becoming progressively
prevalent due to the importance of athletics in our culture. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The list of possible conditions an orthopedic surgeon can treat is endless. An orthopedic surgeon can treat many musculoskeletal conditions without
surgery, by using medications, exercise, and other rehabilitative therapies. However, an orthopedic surgeon may recommend surgical treatment if the
patient does not respond to other treatments. The types of surgeries orthopedic surgeons perform include arthroscopy, fusion, internal fixation, joint
replacement, osteotomy, and soft tissue repair. Knowing the certain classes one must take in high school assists in eventually being able to learn
the job tasks of an orthopedic surgeon. For one to become an orthopedic surgeon, it is important to take all the necessary high school classes. The
required high school classes allow one to progress further into the premedical school direction. The requirements are as follows: four years of
English; four years of math (including precalculus and calculus); four years of lab science (including biology, chemistry, and physics); four years of
social studies; three to four years of a foreign language (Spanish recommended); courses in psychology, statistics, and computer science are
recommended. It is also advisable to do volunteer work at a local hospital or

Hip Arthroplasty
Hip arthroplasty is the replacement of the hip joint with a prosthesis, and is one of the most common reconstructive operations (Huo et al 2008). Hip
arthroplasty may be performed when irreversible damage has occurred to the joint; this damage often causes pain, dysfunction and reduced quality of
life. The pre–operative nursing considerations begin with patient education. This should begin at the time the decision is made to have the surgical
procedure performed. It is important that the patient understand the preoperative requirements, the surgical procedure, postoperative care and the
necessary home/activity modification. The patient should be instructed in self–preparation, including mental and emotion readiness and having a...
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The color, sensation, movement and pedal pulses of the operated leg should be assessed regularly to observe for any circulatory or neurological
impairment. Pain assessments should be noted at regular intervals, since patients who have their pain well controlled following surgery are able to
mobilize more quickly and easily, which helps reduce the risk of post–operative complications such as deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism and
respiratory infection. Prolonged and inadequate post–operative pain may result in higher mortality and morbidity rates, increased length of hospital
stay and greater healthcare expenses (Eid and Bucknall 2008). The nurse can work closely with the hospital physiotherapists on specific exercises and
to assess whether individuals require mobility aides. The patients should be encouraged to participate in foot exercises such as rotation, flexion and
extension of the ankle to encourage venous return and to help prevent pooling of blood in the calf muscles (Temple 2004). Since nurses spend more
time with patients than other allied health professionals, it is essential that the nursing staff are aware of the nature and benefit of post–operative
exercises and are able to instruct and support patients in performing these exercises frequently throughout the day. In conclusion, hip arthroplasty is a
common procedure that frequently results in increased levels of independence

Total Hip Arthroplasty ( Tha )
Introduction:
Total hip arthroplasty (THA), commonly known as hip replacement, is a reconstructive orthopedic procedure that involves the surgical excision of the
head and proximal neck of the femur and removal of the acetabular cartilage and subchondral bone(A). The damaged joint is replaced with an implant
that mimics the motion of the natural joint and is made from combinations of metal, plastic and/or ceramic components(D).
Joint replacement is one of five priority areas targeted for shorter wait times in Canada. Ontario's current wait time is 207 day.(F) The number of
THAs in Canada increased 11% between 2006–2007 and 2010–2011. In 2013–2014, there were 49,503 hospitalizations for hip replacements(B). THA
has been used to manage conditions in which the hip joint has responded poorly to less–invasive treatments(D). The most common of which is severe
osteoarthritis of the hip joint, which affects more than 10% of Canadians aged 15 or older(G), and accounts for 70% of cases. The procedure has
proved to be remarkably successful in eliminating pain and restoring function in hips severely involved with diseases, improving mobility, daily
functioning and quality of life(A,D,G). THA provides pain relief and improves physical function and quality of life in patients with end–stage hip
osteoarthritis. The incidence of THA is expected to increase due to the growing elderly population. Nevertheless, THA is becoming more common in
younger populations because of the improvements in

Most Common Orthopedic Surgeries
What are the top most common Orthopedic Surgeries?
The Orthopedic Surgery involves treatment of the conditions of muscles as well as skeletons through surgical methods. Initially, the orthopedic
surgeons try to treat the ailment with non–surgical methods, but in the cases of failures of such methods the orthopedic problems are then treated
through surgical methods. There are many types of treatments that a surgeon performs on its patients according to their problem, but there are some
procedures that are noted as the most common. Here are 4 most common orthopedic surgeries:
1.Spine Surgery
Spine surgery can be performed for a number of problems. The most common problem treated by the spine surgery is the back pain that impairs their
day–to–day

Evidence Based Clinical Practice
1.The Organization that developed Prevention of VTE in Orthopedic Surgery Patients: Antithrombic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis is The
American College of Chest Physicians–Medical Specialty Society. 2.No stakeholders known of in the speciality. 3.) The founders of The
Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence–Based Clinical Practice Guidelines
are: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [R13 HL104758] Bayer Schering Pharma AG. Educational grants were also provided by: Bristol–Myers
Squibb; Pfizer, Inc Canyon Pharmaceuticals Sanofi–Aventis US. "The sponsors played no role in the development of these guidelines. Sponsoring
organizations cannot recommend panelists or topics, nor are they allowed prepublication access to the manuscripts and recommendations."... Show
Each article found was systematically reviewed for the main population and interventions used in the article. The panel used existing systematic
reviews as evidence. If the reviews were unavailable or out of date, the panel performed their own analyses. PICO questions were searched for by
topic panels, that had the same bibliographic databases. "The quality of reviews was assessed using principles embodied in prior instruments addressing
methodologic quality of systematic reviews, and wherever possible, current high–quality systematic reviews were used as the source of summary
estimates. Reviews were also used to identify additional studies to complement the database

Bus 101 Final : Orthopedic Surgery
BUS 101 Final: Orthopedic Surgery
An orthopedic surgeon is one who is dedicated to diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of in juries occurring in the body's musculoskeletal system–the
bones, ligaments, joints, tendons, etc. Just about every orthopedic surgeon is familiar with all aspects of the human musculoskeletal system, but
most decide to specialize in just a certain part of the body. Most choose to specialize because that way they can become experts on one part of the
body instead of having a general knowledge of the entire body as a whole. In terms of the physical work done by a standard orthopedic surgeon, it
majorly depends on how high up in the medical field they are. If a surgeon is just starting, they would be responsible for the diagnosis and treatment,
but not necessarily the actual reconstructive surgery itself. If a surgeon is well established in the medical community, and is very high up, they would
most likely be responsible for just the surgery and leave the recovery and diagnosis up to their lower staff. Like any career, the easiest way to climb
to the top is to have the right mindset and a devoted work ethic. The typical mindset of a well established orthopedic surgeon is one who possesses
high scholastic aptitude, 3–dimensional visional skills, and profound mechanical abilities. These skills are vital to becoming a great orthopedic
surgeon. In addition to having the skills, one must complete four years of undergrad, four years of medical

Should We Pay For Free Healthcare For Everyone?
Long waits at the hospital, insufferable pain, and cancelled surgeries––these are just a few of the regular occurrences for Americans seeking orthopedic
medical attention but are uninsured or under–insured. Imagine a woman needing a hip replacement, sitting in the hospital's waiting room for surgery,
when a nurse comes in to inform her that her surgery is cancelled mere hours before its set time. These are the injustices many in Chicago must face
because health care providers won't provide enough coverage or, most often, people simply can't afford health insurance. While many Americans say
the government should pay for free healthcare for everyone, one man is stepping up and actually trying to make a difference in the lives of his... Show
A few even say they don't need coverage or oppose the ACA, so they would rather pay the amercement. Sadly, at least 40% of these people who don't
have health insurance belong to low–income working families (Key Facts). Imagine arriving to a doctor's office extremely ill only to be ruthlessly
rejected for not having insurance. While the ACA has worked to significantly reduce the percentage of the uninsured, many people who desperately
need health care cannot attain it due to their income or the color of their skin, claims Dr. Ivankovich (OnePatient). It's saddening to think that this
injustice happens in America, but thankfully, there are some big–hearted people out there determined to help these uninsured individuals. Born in
Croatia in 1963, Daniel Ivankovich has lived in Chicago, IL since he was just three years old, says the "Everything Explained" website. While there
isn't much information available about his early childhood, much can be said about his athletic career (Daniel Ivankovich Explained). Standing at
just under 7 feet tall, it's no wonder Ivankovich was a star basketball player in high school and college. According to ESPN, his father was a military
doctor, his family lived in the suburbs, and Ivankovich was the only white basketball player on the traveling team he played for the summer after he
graduated high school. It was on that team that he met one of his now

Clubfoot Essay
CLUBFOOT
Clubfoot is defined as a congenital foot deformity characterized by a kidney shaped foot that turns inward and points down. The forefoot is curved
inward, the heel is bent inward, and the ankle is fixed in planter flexion with the toes pointing down. Shortened tendons on the inside of the lower leg,
together with abnormally shaped bones that restrict movement outwards cause the foot to turn inwards. A tightened achilles tendon causes the foot to
point downwards. The medical term for clubfoot is talipes equinovarus . It is the most common congenital disorder of the lower extremity. There are
several variations, but talipes equinovarus being the most common. Clubfeet occurs in approximately 1 in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The majority of clubfeet results from abnormal development of the muscles, tendons, and bones while the baby is forming in the uterus. Genetic and
environmental factors in the development of the fetus seem to also be some of the causes. The disturbance of the normal growing foot probably occurs
at about the eighth week of pregnancy. The cause of the foot growing deformed is unknown, but believed to have something to do with heredity. Many
cases of clubfoot do not have easily identifiable causes. The goal of treatment is to achieve and maintain as normal as a foot as possible. The extent of
the required treatment varies, depending upon the rigidity of the foot. Treatment may take several months, but most children learn to crawl, stand, and
walk at the normal age. There are a couple different ways to go about treating clubfoot, the two most perfered being manipulation and casting, and
surgery.
Clubfoot is most common in children who suffer from spina bifida who have an L4 or L5 motor level. Many orthopedic surgeons instead of serial
casting suggest early taping and gentle manipulation followed by an application of a well–padded splint. The reason for this is because serial casting
can cause skin irritations and breakdown. Another technique manipulation and casting is a treatment that begins shortly after birth. It involves slowly
stretching out the tightened muscles and holding the foot in an improved

The Career Of Orthopedic Surgery
The career of orthopedic surgery is of utmost importance to the entire medical field and health in general. Orthopedic surgery is the field of medicine
involving the rearrangement, repairing, and mending of bone marrow and skeletal structures within the human body. Normally, students pursuing a
career in orthopedic surgery must complete a vigorous, extensively designed course of education needed for certification. Once finished with education,
orthopedic surgeons will have completed approximately 14 years of formal education. This career choice comes with vigorous requirements; extensive
preparation is required before a student may encounter any patients. The practice of orthopedic surgery is certainly a career choice that deserves ... Show
These specialists help improve people's quality of life; they help people live their lives to the fullest. Such an important career requires a great deal of
education; there are many prestigious schools that have programs for orthopedic surgery. There are hundreds of colleges around that nation that have
programs designed to instruct future orthopedic surgeons. The University of Virginia is ranked as one of the top thirty medical schools in the United
States. David Craig states in an article describing the orthopedic residency program, "With more than 70 years of proven history, we are established as
a national and international leader in providing outstanding patient care, medical education, and musculoskeletal research." Clearly, the orthopedic
program at the University of Virginia is well–renowned. One of the most favorable benefits of attending medical school at the University of Virginia is
the "state–of–the–art musculoskeletal research, methods, and procedures" used throughout the program (Craig). The average cost of four years of
undergraduate education without financial aid at the University of Virginia is $122,288 (Craig). The average overall cost of in–state tuition for medical
school without financial aid is $288,908 (Rector and Board of Supervisors). The University of Virginia offers several different scholarships to which
scholars can apply; of these is the Fellowship foundation, designed for medical school students.
As

Personal And Professional Nursing Practice
Clinical Question Paper The nursing profession is one that is ever changing. As a profession that is created and based upon scientific research, the way
in which nursing care is delivered is continually being modified and altered to reflect the latest and most up–to–date evidence based research findings.
However, not all research findings are going to be applicable or appropriate for integration into nursing care. Consequently, the ability for nurses to be
able to interpret and understand these research findings is also important, in order to make the most informed, educated, and knowledgeable nursing
decisions before integrating such research findings into clinical practice. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to reflect on how nursing knowledge
is dispersed and disseminated in both personal and professional nursing practice. Clinical Question When in comes to enacting a possible change in
nursing practice, a clinical problem or issue needs to be identified. Once a problem has been acknowledged, the process towards change is one that
involves a multifaceted approach. The development of a clinical question is the first step in the process. In the nursing profession, this question is
typically constructed using the PICOT format. Developed by Fineout–Overholt and Johnston, this five–letter acronym stands for: P = patient or
population, I = intervention or issue of interest, C = comparison intervention or current practice, O = outcome desired, and T = time need to achieve

Total Hip Arthroplasty
Despite contrary belief, hip replacement is not necessarily negative. Many Americans believe that in order to have a hip replacement, your condition
must be terrible. A survey conducted in 2012 said that almost 1/3 of respondents to the hip replacement survey felt they would have benefited from
having their surgery done earlier. This procedure has and continues to change the lives' of many people in our world.Hip replacement, or arthroplasty, is
a surgical procedure in which the diseased parts of the hip joint are removed and replaced with new, artificial parts. These artificial parts are called the
prosthesis. The goals of hip replacement surgery include increasing mobility, improving the function of the hip joint, and relieving pain. According to
the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 332,000 total hip replacements are performed in the United States each year. "Hip Replacement."
Questions and Answers about. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Oct. 2013. What were once considered high–tech, joint replacements are now a common operation.
Surgeons replace more than a million hips and knees each year in the U.S. Studies show joint replacements can significantly relieve pain and increase
mobility in about 90% of people who get them. Feature, R. Morgan, Griffin WebMD. "Should You Have Knee or Hip Replacement Surgery?"
WebMD. WebMD, 30 Dec. 0089. Web. 21 Oct. 2013. What symptoms should tell a person that it is time for a hip replacement? The first and most
important sign is pain and

Plaster Of Paris
I.Purpose:
The purpose of the experiment is to determine how a mold and cast constructs fossils. The hypothesis is a fossil mold will form after the plaster of
paris is set and dried out. The justification for the hypothesis is a cast will form when an animal or plant is covered in sediments. Once the sediments
start to harden into a rock state the fossil will become captured and preserved. (Wile, 159–162)
II.Materials:
1.Modeling clay or Play–Doh
2.Plaster of paris
3.A paper plate
4.A shell or something with a distinctive design
5.Vaseline or another kind of petroleum jelly
6.Eye protection
III.Procedure:
The shell was covered in petroleum jelly then set on the counter while the modeling clay was being stretched out on plate. Once the modeling clay
was stretched out so it was two times bigger then the shell, the shell was firmly pushed into the clay. Before the shell was removed the plaster of
paris was mixed together using the direction on the package. When the shell was removed it formed the mold, the plaster of paris was poured over the
mold until the mold was filled. The plate was ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A mold is formed when an animal or plant are captured in sediments later hardening into sedimentary rock. Fossils are typically found in sedimentary
rock because igneous rock is created with magma at a temperature too high for an organic remains to survive. Metaphoric rock is created when
sedimentary or igneous rock has a high temperature and has high pressure. A fossil is able to form in metaphoric rock but the pressure and heat the
fossil is disconfirmed and useless. (Reference, "Why Are Fossils Only Found in Sedimentary Rock?") Weathering will start to affect the rocks form
and mainly the fossil captured inside. Weathering normally has more affect on the fossil causing the fossil inside to disintegrate. Sometimes the rock
will break open and then the only fossil remaining is a mold. (Wile,

The Relationship Between Kolcaba's Comfort Theory and...
The Relationship Between Kolcaba's Comfort Theory And Orthopedic Nursing by Myra D. Iliano St. Joseph's College of Maine NU 500 Conceptual
Bases for Nursing C. Andrew Martin, Instructor March 1, 2012 Abstract Katherine Kolcaba's Theory of Comfort establishes a framework for care
provided by the nurse by defining the state of comfort as it exists in various forms and contexts. The achievement of optimal health through the relief
of pain is asserted as the foundation of all nursing care (Kolcaba, 2003). That focus is shared with the orthopedic nurse in the surgical post–operative
in–patient setting. The nursing interventions supported by the taxonomy of this theory are easily analyzed and utilized in the orthopedic environment....
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Ongoing teaching is done throughout the patient's hospital stay so that the patient is optimally prepared to eventually be discharged home or to a
rehab facility. Appropriateness of Choice of Nursing Theory According to Kolcaba's Comfort Theory, humans elicit holistic responses to complex
stimuli (Nursing Theory Organization, 2011). Those responses require interventions by the nurse which address those responses in an equally holistic
manner. The in–patient setting within the surgical orthopedic unit seems to exemplify the perfect setting in which to utilize those concepts. Minimizing
pain in the post–surgical patient is the main focus of the surgical orthopedic nurse. With pain as the opposite of comfort, the focus of Kolcaba's theory
also seems to be the elimination of the patient's painful state. In the in–patient environment, the four contexts in which comfort occurs can be easily
assessed, adjusted, and manipulated as necessary. The origin of the patient's pain is more obvious, so that the interventions utilized to minimize that
pain are easily evaluated. Orthopedic nursing interventions are easily exemplified according to the particular form of comfort addressed and the
specific context of those needs. The taxonomic structure of the comfort theory is well–suited and easily–applicable to this environment. Relief of pain,
or that state in which a certain comfort

Patient Advocacy Case Study
Taking a Stand Barbara De Groot, RN Walden University
NURS 6053, Inter–professional Organizational
And Systems Leadership
Barbara De Groot, RN
November 14, 2014
Introduction Patient advocacy extends back to Florence Nightingale and remains relevant today. While Nightingale did not explicitly address
advocacy in nursing, she did demonstrate advocacy in many ways (Selanders and Crane, 2012). Today advocacy extends beyond the individual
patient to local and global populations, and nationally and globally to the nursing profession itself. The purpose of this paper is to describe this
author's role as a moral agent or advocate for a specific issue in this author's work, and explain one or more negative outcomes that may ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
She was scheduled for total hip arthroplasty three days following admission. The daughter wanted to proceed with the surgery, and the son did not. The
ethical concern in this case hung on two issues. First, the patient demonstrated a sufficient degree of dementia to ask "will the patient be able to adhere
to instructions and hip precautions following surgery." Additionally, given her degree of debility due to her non–ambulatory status before the injury
"would it be in her best interests to proceed with the surgery?" As a team, the nurse, social worker, and I discussed these concerns with the orthopedic
PA who agreed that perhaps the fracture should just be allowed to heal on its own instead of going forward with a costly, painful surgery and extended
rehabilitation that may or may not produce the desired outcome. The PA, nurse, social worker, and I met with the orthopedic trauma surgeon and the
head of orthopedics and presented the problem. Using a duty–based, deontological framework for ethical problem solving, and the principle of
beneficence (Marquis and Huston, 2012), it was agreed that in this particular instance it would be best to let the fracture heal. As a team, we spoke with
the family and explained why this choice was the best for their mother. Although the daughter had an unreal expectation that her mother would be able
to walk again following

Personal Narrative: Orthopedic Surgery
It all started with a wrestling accident. As the bell rang, signifying the end of the match, my opponent ripped his arm from my now relaxed grip,
freeing himself from my hold. I stood and extended my hand to help him up, but he hesitated to take it, his focus transfixed on my hand. I adjusted my
gaze to what he was fixated on – my now grossly malpositioned ring finger. With my adrenaline quickly wearing off, my brain was now able to fully
process the full extent of my injury, allowing the pain to reach my consciousness. I needed to visit the emergency room. Following several agonizingly
unsuccessful attempts to reduce my dislocated finger, the emergency room physician put me into a hand splint and referred me to a hand surgeon. I
met with the surgeon, who examined my hand with a C–arm. As I looked on, I watched as the bones in my finger being carefully manipulated under
fluoroscopy in real time. It was a moment of... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The surgeon went through my MRI, pointing out the structures of my neck and the disc impinging on my spinal cord and nerves. I was amazed with
the fine details the films possessed and curious as to how the MRI machine worked. This curiosity led me into a job working for Boca Raton
Regional Hospital's Imaging Department. There I handled prescriptions and orders, spoke with referring physicians and explained the upcoming
radiologic examinations to patients. This position would open my eyes to the world of radiology. The work came easy and I found myself with
stretches of down time, which I spent talking with the imaging technicians and clinical staff. They exposed me to the many different diagnostic
modalities, taught me the basics of anatomy seen in imaging, and showed me the pathology in each scan. The culmination of these events led me into
medicine, and specifically directed me towards the field of

Dr. Lloyd G. Cox Essay
Dr. Lloyd G. Cox, II, M.D., is a Board–Certified Orthopedic Surgeon who has been practicing Orthopedic medicine for nearly 30 years. As a caring
and compassionate surgeon, he is dedicated to providing the residents of Southern Maryland with the superior Orthopedic care that they deserve.
Dr. Cox is also conservative and only recommends surgical intervention when it is absolutely necessary. Nevertheless, if surgery is a patient's only
option, Dr. Cox provides him or her with the most innovative products and procedures available. Dr. Cox has served as the team physician for St.
Mary's College Seahawks as well as the Chief of Surgery and Board Member at St. Mary Hospital. He offers the residents of Southern Maryland a
variety of orthopedic services. Dr. Cox specializes in treating disorders of the hip and the knee. He has experience repairing the Anterior Cruciate
Ligament (ACL), rotator cuff and meniscus by means of arthroscopic surgery. His passion is precision customized total knee replacements and every
aspect of accelerated recovery following a joint replacement; therefore, he performs partial and total knee replacements using ConforMIS Knee
Implants. These state–of–the–art implants provide patients with a custom–made implant that is designed specifically to meet his or her unique
anatomy. Dr. Cox offers his patients the most advanced knee replacements available: The ConforMIS Customized Knee Implant. ConforMIS implants
are tailored to the specific characteristics of

Total Joint Replacement
Compare and contrast nursing interventions for patients with knee replacements, hip replacements, and fractures
Joint replacements are among the most common and successful orthopedic surgeries, giving more people the opportunity to remain active well into
their golden years. (American) The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons estimates there are more than 300,000 totalhip replacements (THRs)
and 600,000 total knee replacements (TKRs) performed every year–numbers that will only increase in the future. Most patients who undergo total joint
replacement, or arthroplasty, experience a dramatic reduction in pain and a significant improvement in their ability to function in daily life. (American
Hip)
If you're undergoing a joint replacement surgery, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One of the most significant factors in the patient's recovery is family involvement and support. Family acceptance and support can help a patient deal
with issues the patient may have during the rehab process. Positive attitudes and reinforcement from loved ones often help the patient work towards
recovery. Family contribution, flexibility, and open communication can overcome various barriers. Families who inspire hope can help the patient to
adjust and become more confident in his or her own abilities. Finally, family and friends can also offer practical support, such as rides to the doctor
or pharmacy, going to the grocery store, and offering to babysit during health care visits. The encouragement of family and friends can motivate
people who have been having difficulties in their rehabilitation to take steps to be more active and get back to work more quickly than those who do
not have a strong support

Orthopedic Doctor Advantages And Disadvantages
Orthopedic doctor are physicians who deals with disorders and diseases of the body's musculoskeletal system which includes issues and diseases
related to bones, muscles, joints, ligaments, nerves and tendons. Orthopedic surgeons specialize in joint replacement like hip surfacing, knee
replacement and elbow replacement and also repairs damaged nerves or relocation of compressed nerves. They provide treatments of
Musculoskeletal Infections, Revision Hip and Knee Arthroplasty & Spine pain. For any problem or issues related to joints and bones one should
contact an orthopedic doctor immediately. Here is a list of top ten Orthopedic Doctors in West Bengal who have a good reputation and excellence in
the field of orthopedics. Top 10 Orthopedic Doctors in West Bengal Dr. Amitava Narayan Mukherjee Dr. Amitava Narayan Mukherjee is an
Orthopedist in West Bengal who practices in Baguihati,... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Prabir Kumar Bala Dr. Prabir Kumar Bala is a renowned Orthopedic Surgeon in West Bengal. He has an experience of 10 years in this field. he is
also an Assistant Professor in Orthpedic Department in Calcutta Medical College, Kolkata. He specializes in Hip Replacement, Knee Braces For
Osteoarthritis & Spinal Therapy. He practices at Dr. Prabir Kumar Bala Clinic in Dumdum, Kolkata on MON, WED, FRI between 6:00 PM– 7:30
PM. Consultation fee is INR 400. Address: 75,Dum Dum Road, Kolkata Conclusion: Now days, it is a common issue that Many people are always
suffering from pain in knees, joints & back pain etc. We can recover by doing proper physical exercises and yoga. Also, one should eat a healthy diet
which must contain calcium and other important nutrients and vitamins. This list of the best Orthopedic Doctors in West Bengal, along with their
contacts, will certainly help you to find an Orthopedic Doctor for your problem. This article is written by Shokhi Shreya for Digimyx Infotech Pvt.

My Orthopedic Journey
September 6, 2016 was the day that I was dreading for what felt like forever. It was the day that would start my six month journey to recovery. It was
the date of my spinal fusion surgery.
At my 2013 sports physical my doctor told me something that would leave my mind and be forgotten about till 3 years later. She told me to bend
over so she could look at my back. She told me I had minor scoliosis. I was scared. I sat still and just stared at her. I didn't exactly know what that was
at the time. I asked her what scoliosis was. She said that I had a slight curve in my spine, but she told me I would more than likely grow out of it.
Well I can tell you she was definitely wrong.
I went to another physical in 2016. I noticed for awhile ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Spoiler alert, the surgery went great (and I survived). I honestly want to worried because Dr. Weinstein reassured me that the success rate when he
does this surgery is a 99%. He also told me that he would be doing the surgery so he would take good care of me and everything would be ok. It
didn't really hit me that I was going in for surgery until I was being rolled in the hospital bed back into the operation room. When I got into the surgery
room the surgeon made me recite my full name and birthdate. Then the last thing I remember from before the surgery was the anesthesiologist putting
the mask on me and telling me to breath in

Orthopedic And Spine Institute ( Osi )
Orthopedic & Spine Institute (OSI) would like to provide residents with a new and convenient option for receiving urgent orthopedic care services.
Staffed by a board certified physician and a fellowship trained physician assistant (PA) as well as technicians to handle imaging, casts, and splints. The
average wait for a sports medicine orthopedic surgeon is three to four weeks. When possible the patients will be placed on the schedule of an
orthopedic surgeon that is available the day of their injury. However, if the schedule is full the patient receives care from the PA or board certified
Family Medicine physician with a subspecialty in sports medicine. This will give the newer orthopedic surgeons an opportunity to see new patients,
when this is not possible the patients will be still be able to receive the care they need by the PA without having to wait for an appointment. With a
new orthopedic group from a town sixty miles away opens an office across the street, the clinic must make the time to see the patients of our
community.
Marketing Highlights–Patients would otherwise call the other established orthopedic clinic in the area or may try and schedule with the new group
from Sioux Falls who recently opened an office across from OSI and have applied for privileges at the three area hospitals. We will retain and obtain
new patients whose injuries may lead to a surgical procedure.
Target Market Summary–The group of customers whom the organization wishes to

A Good Candidate For A Total Knee Replacement
There are several factors that go into considering if you may be a good candidate for a Total Knee Replacement. One of the most common causes could
be due to all forms of arthritis; such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and even post–traumatic arthritis. Osteoarthritis is the most common reason
for needing a TotalKnee Replacement. Arthritis can severely damage an individual's knee, causing massive pain. However, the first approach is
trying the nonsurgical treatments first. Medications and even using walking supports are usually the first approach before considering surgery. When
these methods fail to work the very next step is for surgery. Total Knee Replacements are the most successful procedures in all of medicine,
accounting for 600,000 knee replacements each year in the US. The knee is the largest joint in the body, which is why it's very important to have
healthy knees in order to get around to perform daily activities. The knee consist of the lower femur, the upper end of the tibia, and the patella. The ends
of the three bones touch, which is covered with articular cartilage, this is a smooth substances that protects the bones and enables them to move
smoothly. Also, located between the femur and tibia are the menisci. The menisci are C–shaped wedges that act as "shock absorbers" this provides
cushion for the joint as well. Then, the large ligaments also play a role as well, they hold the femur and tibia together to provide stability. The long

Orthopedic Infection
Infection is the most dreaded complication in orthopedic surgery. It causes increased morbidity and mortality and is a source of great harassment not
only for the patient but the doctor as well. Incidence of Surgical site infection in USA is more than 2% [1]. Whereas in India the infection ranges from
2.5 – 41% [2]. This causes an increase in the mortality rate by 2–3 times. The rate of postoperative infection in procedures like total hip replacement
(THR) and total knee replacement (TKR) is 1 – 5%. [3]
Preoperative systemic antibiotic prophylaxis for implant surgeries in orthopaedics is commonly used [4]. Studies show that regardless of the
precautions being used, prophylactic antibiotics do reduce the incidence of infection [1,5–7]. Three ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The preferred antibiotic seems to be 2nd generation cephalosporins. However, for India we need studies to assess the conditions and to formulate
guidelines which may clear the above mentioned 3 controversies regarding the use of antibiotics in

Essay Anterior Cruciate Ligament
Anterior Cruciate Ligament
With an ever increasing number of people becoming involved with athletic activities, there is an increasing number of injuries occurring which can be
devastating for the individual. Most of the injuries that affect athletes occur in one of four structures in the human body: bones, muscles, tendons, or
ligaments. Because ligaments attach bone to bone and play a major part in providing stability for joints, the major stabilizing ligament in the knee, the
anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), assists in performing everyday actions of the human body including sitting, standing, walking, running, dancing, and
participating in other sports. The injury that specifically affects this ligament is very serious and always ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This short and round ligament, like all other ligaments, prevents slippage within the joint and allows the joint to properly pivot when performing an
action (Duff 300). Without this particular ligament, the knees would be fragile and more susceptible to injury. Therefore, it would be impossible to do
the simplest movements that are done by humans everyday, like walking and even sitting. This is one reason why many athletes should be aware of the
physical indications that arise if they have torn their ACL while participating in athletic activities.
In many cases, the symptoms that the patient feels after the trauma has occurred can help the doctor make his or her diagnosis. Many times a doctor
will ask the patient to recall what happened after the injury was sustained. Usually with an ACL injury, the patient will describe a so–called pop or snap
that he or she heard during the impact. Pain, which is not terribly excruciating, will immediately follow, and if the individual tries to stand, he or she
will be faced with an overwhelming feeling of instability, the leg will buckle under, and the individual will ultimately fall down onto the ground.
Although the patient is experiencing pain, he or she cannot point out exactly where the injury has occurred. Garrick states, "some people say that their
knee shifts in position – which it actually does" (118). Other symptoms that may arise are stiffness and swelling which may continue for a long

Total Hip Arthroplasty Essay
During the weeks of February 7 through February 17, I observed a total hip arthroplasty on a 56–year–old Caucasian female patient who suffered from
a femoral neck fracture and damage to the acetabulum. The fracture was a result from a car accident where the patient's knees collided with the
dashboard, forcing the femur into the hip and breaking the femur. For this report I will concentrate on total hip replacement, its components, main
surgical technique, and complications. Sir John Charnley first developed total joint arthroplasty in the 1960s (Skinner 395). In a total hip replacement
"the articular surfaces of the acetabulum and femoral head are replaced" (Lemone 1241). A prosthesis is then used to replace the entire head of the femur
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The acetabular components have a "spherical outer surface with at least one hole to permit the surgeon to determine if the prosthesis is fully impacted
into place" (Skinner 399). The inner surface of the acetabular component then locks the UHMWPE to limit rotation and dissociation (Skinner 399).
There are two crucial factors when choosing the implants. First, if the prosthesis is too stiff then the patient may suffer from proximal osteopenia.
Second, the stiffer the prosthesis is the more likely the patient will experience pain in the thigh. To avoid these two factors the surgeon should elect to
use titanium ally instead of the cobalt chromium alloy.
There are several surgical techniques used for total hip replacement, including the posterolateral approach, the lateral approach, the anterolateral
approach, and others. For this paper I will concentrate on the posterolateral approach since it is the most common (Skinner 396). The patient is put
into the lateral decubitus position with the affected side superior after anesthesia is administered and a compression stocking is placed on the
unaffected limb. The skin is covered with an adhesive drape after the incision is outlined (Skinner 396). Then the hip is flexed to 45 degrees so the
"incision can be made in line with the femur from approximately 10 cm proximal to the tip of the trochanter to 10 cm distal to the tip of the trochanter"
(Skinner 396). The incision

Orthopedic Surgery Career Essay
I chose Orthopedic Surgery as a career because it upholds principles of living that I stand for and treasure. When trauma, degenerative diseases, or
congenital abnormalities affect the musculoskeletal system, Orthopedic Surgeons stand as champions to maintain patients' quality of life,
independence, and dignity of living. In doing so, they give patients a second opportunity to enjoy their life to the fullest.
Not only do Orthopedic Surgeons do the right thing for their patients, they also do it in a very rewarding and meaningful way. It starts with how I can
reach a diagnosis through physical examination most of the time. I love the objectivity of pre–surgical planning, the hardware puzzles, and the
excitement of a new challenge. I also love the sense of optimism when I enter an Orthopedic Surgery OR. But more importantly, I cherish that our
hands can change the physical world according to how we believe it should ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
At times, Orthopedic Surgeons come across gaps in the knowledge of the field that make the best treatment plan uncertain. For this reason, in the
future I would also like to use my MD/Ph.D. training to bridge some of these gaps by complementing my clinical career with research aimed at
improving the current standards of care. In this way, I aim to give something back to the field of Orthopedics and its patients.
In addition to my professional interests, I will briefly tell you about what I enjoy in my personal life: I'm a father to an awesome 16–month–old boy
named Ignacio and my free time revolves around him and my wife Joanna. I love to cook and, following family tradition, have friends over for
dinner and enjoy a great afternoon in their company. I enjoy the outdoors and I am an avid hiker. I am also very fond of traveling and finding myself
in new places and situations. Additionally, perhaps as expected for someone from Puerto Rico, I am a baseball

Essay about Nur 443 Literature Research Worksheet
University of Phoenix NUR 443 Evidence–Based Nursing Research and Practice June 18, 2012 Jacquelyn Zirbes University of Phoenix Material
Literature Search Worksheet * Select a literature search topic relevant to your practice. The topic must be sufficiently delineated in scope without
being trivial. You will revisit this article in the Week Five presentation. Possible topics include but are not limited to: * * Non
–pharmacological pain
relief with childbirth * Effects of shift work and fatigue on medication errors * Best practices for pin site care * Nurse satisfaction in magnet hospitals *
Accurate temperature assessment methods in neonates * Pain assessment in the cognitively impaired *... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
* * Leach, D., & Bonfe, M. (2009). The effectiveness of Femoral/Sciatic nerve blocks on postoperative pain management in total knee arthroplasty.
Orthopaedic Nursing, 28(5), 257–62. http://search.proquest.com/docview/195964994?accountid=35812 * | * Answer the following questions using
your selected research article: * 1. Is this qualitative or quantitative? What is the study design? What criteria did you use to determine the study design?
* * My article is a quantitative research. The researchers used an experimental research design which includes a total of 130 patients who had total knee
replacements. The controlled group of 65 patients received general or spinal anesthesia with conventional narcotic management postoperatively, while
the intervention group of 65 patients received general or spinal anesthesia with femoral/sciatic nerve block post–operatively. * The criteria I used to
determine the study design is looking at what kind of study the research is. In descriptive and correlational studies, there are no treatments involved
(Burns & Grove, 2011). Since this study has treatments involve and the researchers have control over the treatments, it is experimental.
Experimental study also uses a smaller sample size like the sample size in the article. It also involves 3 characteristics namely: (1)

Dane Miller: Ceo
Brittany P. Thornton
Dr. Aneil Mishra
MGMT 4343
02 February 2016
Dane Miller– The Maverick CEO
Great leaders are all defined by different attributes, successes, and contributions made to their professions, communities, and stakeholders. The term
"Leader" is subjective and varies greatly in the opinions among various individuals. In this paper, Dr. Dane Miller, my selected CEO, will undergo a
leadership assessment based on the ROCC of Trust and various other qualities. Biomet Inc. is a medical device manufacturer specializing in
reconstructive products for orthopedic surgery and O.R. supplies (Biomet). Dr. Dane A. Miller or "Mr. Biomet", was the co–founder of the orthopedic
company Biomet, Inc. and served as its president and chief ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This seems extremely simple but the fact that a CEO like Miller was concerned with this degree of detail and the fluidity of the procedures reflects
how dedicated and authentic he was as a leader. Humility is a personal favorite trait that I seek in others and that I see in Miller. During his early
career he took a job at Arby's for one reason; their policy gave each employee two sandwiches a day. He would eat one and take one home to his wife.
Dane Miller has followed up this statement by saying "Behind every successful man is a great woman–and a surprised mother–in–law!" (Adams).
Although he was extremely successful, he continuously gives credit to other people for his achievements. He applauds his wife for her encouragement
but also gives credit to community. It takes a courageous leader to recognize his or her blessings and multiply those back to others. He has given over
30 million dollars of his own money to the restoration of his community through various nonprofits, community organizations, churches, and
educational scholarships. In The Maverick CEO; Dane Miller and the Story of Biomet, he quotes William James, "The best use of life is to invest in
something which will outlast your life" (Adams).
The success of Biomet as an organization can be traced to Dane Miller and his contributions through his leadership. Miller enhanced Biomet socially,
demographically, and

Pathophysiology Of Femur Fractures And Five Year Old Children
Intramedullary Nailing Compared with Spica Casts for Isolated Femoral Fractures in Four and Five–Year–Old Children Protocol of an Thesis
Submitted for Partial Fulfillment of Master Degree in Orthopaedic Surgery BY Ibrahim Ahmed Ibrahim Mehrez Contents: Introduction Aim of Work
Review of Literature пѓ Chapter 1: Pathophysiology of Femur Fractures in Children. пѓ Chapter 2: Management with Intramedullary Nailing and
Spica Casts. пѓ Chapter 3: Advantages of Intramedullary Nailing and Spica Casts. пѓ Chapter 4: Disadvantages of Intramedullary Nailing and Spica
Casts. Patients and Methods Results Discussion Summary Recommendations References Ш§Щ„Щ…Щ„Ш®Шµ Ш§Щ„Ш№Ш±ШЁЩЉ Appendix
Introduction Femoral diaphyseal fractures are the most common major pediatric injuries treated by the orthopedic surgeon . They represent about 1–2
% of all fractures in children . 70 percentage of femoral fractures involve the diaphysis . Causes of these injuries varies with age; in preschool
children the cause usually is a fall from a height of less than 1m. In children aged 4–12 years accidental injury during sport is the most common cause.
Most of femoral fractures in pediatrics heal without any long–term sequelae irrespective of the treatment methods . However, Some authors reported
excess shortening and angulation in around 43 % of cases managed by spica casts. Other authors studied effect of immediate spica on patients and their
relatives after femur

Orthopedic Surgery Essay
Title: Orthopedic surgeons: What You Need to Know!
Description: Orthopedic surgeons are experts in treating the conditions of the musculoskeletal system. Read about Indian orthopedic surgeons on
Tour2India4Health.
Overview – Orthopedic Surgery & surgeons
Orthopedic Surgery is the branch of surgery, which is concerned with conditions of the musculoskeletal system. Physicians entering the field of
orthopedic surgery can either practice the general orthopedic surgery or specialize in either of the following fields:
1.Musculoskeletal oncology
2.Arthroscopy
3.Joint replacement
4.Foot and ankle
5.Spine
6.Hand
7.Pediatric
8.Shoulder and elbow
9.Sports medicine
10.Rehabilitation
11.Trauma and fractures
12.Reconstructive surgeries
An ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The first two years of the medical school program are spent in the classrooms and laboratories where students are given instructions in physiology,
anatomy, microbiology and pharmacology. The final two years are spent in clinical rotation in the medical specialties. Students are given opportunities
to complete a rotation in orthopedics in addition to other specialties like radiology, pediatrics, anesthesiology, gynecology and psychology.
3.Pass the Licensing Exam:
After completion of medical school studies, the medical doctors must pass their State's Medical Licensing Examination. This exam is conducted in

three parts to ensure that the medical doctors understand the scientific principles that are essential to practice medicine and posses the patient care skills.
4.Complete Residency:
An orthopedic surgery residency is a five year program that prepares individuals to work in this field. This program offers an opportunity to the doctors
to complete their surgical rotations in areas such as surgical ICU, internal medicine, general surgery and the emergency room. Additionally, the
rotations are offered in the surgical sub–specialties like the orthopedic and the cardiovascular surgery. Once the residents gain more experience in this
program, they'll be given additional responsibilities that focus more on the orthopedics. They will be given additional opportunities to perform the
shoulder,

A Career in Orthopedic Surgery
Mobility grants opportunity and lifelong experiences through the gift of exploration and independence. Without autonomy of movement in one's life,
there are struggles accompanied by frustration do to the lack of freedom and ability. It is an orthopedic surgeon's job to bring function to one's life even
if they have never been granted movement without restraint before. Orthopedic surgeons receive patients whose freedom of movement have been
compromised and then return it back to them. Orthopedic surgeons give immeasurable opportunities and life experiences back to their patients because
of their perseverance and commitment to their patients and careers.
Orthopedic surgeons are responsible for mending and operating on the musculoskeletal ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
No matter the procedure or surgeon at hand the goal is always the same, treat the patient in the best way possible with the upmost care by taking skillful
and educated steps and actions. Orthopedic surgery is in no way an easy career and requires dedication and years of practice.
Knowledge and experience are key to life as well as a career in orthopedic surgery. The educational path to becoming an orthopedic surgeon is long and
difficult because it requires a high scholastic aptitude, mechanical ability, a high degree of manual dexterity, and excellent three–dimensional
visualization skills (Career in Orthopaedics). Naturally one would expect such characteristics for such a prestigious career in the medical field. The
educational path to becoming an orthopedic surgeon starts in high school. "An aspiring orthopedic should start preparing in high school with AP and
international baccalaureate courses in science and math, plus related extracurricular activities such as volunteering at a medical center or blood drive"
(Brick). The end of high school marks the beginning of eight challenging and competitive years amongst the brightest students around to be admitted to
medical school and then succeed and graduate medical school.
The first four of the eight years are spent at an undergraduate school with a well–known acceptance rate into a medical school. "To enter medical
school, one will need at least a year of classes in chemistry, organic chemistry, physics,

Informational Case Study
In this assignment I will evaluate the informational approach in measuring organizational effectiveness of a company from the United Kingdom. The
Company is called, The Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology of Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen.
The patients receiving the questionnaire would be for checking for knee joint pain after surgery. Patients not receiving this survey would be having
other services offered such as renal, x–ray, etc. The primary reason for this survey is to let the treating staff know where the problems are in the knee
joint. The survey appears to be brief and to the main points of what the specialist is looking for as far as the red flag areas that need immediate concern.
From the answers submitted the specialist ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The accessibility of lightweight and flexible PCs with touch screens has expanded as costs have notably diminished over the most recent couple of
years. Tablets additionally offer points of interest in PRO information gathering as information are proficiently entered on the touch screens and moved
specifically into a focal database utilizing remote innovation, Kesterke, N., Egeter, J., Erhardt, J. B., Jost, B., & Giesinger, K. (2015).
The Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology of Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen is a licensed place for the instruction of specialists in the field of
orthopedics and traumatology in all sections of the musculoskeletal framework, orthopaedie.kssg.ch(2017).
The Clinic for Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology at the Cantonal Hospital of St.Gallen is isolated into five joint–particular groups (spine, bear
elbow, hip, knee and foot). Likewise, the ZNA crisis office is staffed day and night with an orthopedic pro. The orthopedic division is in charge of the
whole traumatology of the development device at the cantonal healing center St. Gallen.Each group has a group pioneer. Senior doctors, junior
specialists and therapeutic aides turn through the groups in characterized cycles. The objective of the joint–particular group association is to give the
best conceivable capability and progression in tolerant care. Every patient ought to be administered by a similar

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