It talks about the challenges faced by Indian refineries to meet BS-6 fuel standard.why we have skip BS-5 standard. what are all other areas including the SWOT analysis and business development.

1. Challenges Faced By Indian Refineries
to Meet BS-6 Fuel Standard.
Presented By:-
)
Abhishek Rajvanshi

2. Introduction
• India ranked no. 1 in pollution related deaths, according to report by Lancet
Commission on pollution and health .
AQI Index Table.
AQI Category AQI Range
Good 0-50
Satisfactory 51-100
Moderately-polluted 101-200
Poor 201-300
Very poor 301-400
Severe 401-500
1
Souce:- www.airnow.gov

3. Bharat stage emission standards (BSES) are emission standards instituted by
the Government of India to regulate the output of air pollutants.
Bharat Stage Emission Standard BS1 to BS6
Source:- IOCL Research Report 2

4. History about Euro Standards
Source:- http://www.acea.be/industry-topics/tag/category/euro-standards

5. 3
Why BS-5 standard is Omitted?

6. Source : Auto fuel vision and policy 2025 4
Comparison of Gasoline Standards
BS 3 to BS5 BS 6

7. 5Source : Auto fuel vision and policy 2025
Comparison of Diesel Standards
BS3 TO BS5
BS 6

8. 8
Emission Norm CO HC NOx HC+NOx PM
BS-III 0.64 ---
0.50 0.56 0.05
BS-IV 0.50
--- 0.25 0.30 0.025
BS-VI 0.50 ---
0.06 0.17 0.005
Diesel Emission
Norms (All figures in
g/km)
Source - Indian Emissions Regulations/ARAI
Emission Norm CO HC NOx HC+NOx PM
BS-III 2.30 0.20 0.15
--- ---
BS-IV 1.00
0.10 0.08 --- ---
BS-VI 1.00 0.10 0.06 --- 0.005
Petrol Emission
Norms (All figures in
g/km)
Emission Composition Norms
6

9. 7
• CO(Carbon Monoxide) - Headache/Nausea.
• HC(Hydrocarbons) - Headache, vomiting and disorientation.
• NOx(Nitrogen Oxide) - Nose and eye irritation and damage lung tissue.
• PM(Particulate matter) - Respiratory tract and reduce lung function.
Emission Health factors
Source - Indian Emissions Regulations/ARAI

10. 8
Plant and Operating Cost
• Indian Oil Corporation will incur Rs 13000 cr.
• Investment figured not included in Paradip refinery .
• Already invested by Rs 7000 cr to BSIV .
• Switch would make diesel 63 paise a litre more expensive, while petrol will be ₹ 1.45 a
litre costlier.
Source :http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/companies/switch-to-bs-vi-fuel-will-cost-13000-cr-indianoil/article8102859.ece

11. 9
Source : http://www.livemint.com/Politics/CHzcax6nID6kFE6INduF8J/India-to-go-directly-to-BSVI-fuel-standards-by-2020.html
Issues Faced by Automobiles sector
• Improvements in engine combustion and calibration, increased injection and cylinder
pressures.
• Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF)
• Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) Module
• Investment of Rs.40,000-60,000 crore for technology upgradation.
• Petrol cars price are expected to go up by Rs 20,000- 30,000 while diesel passenger
vehicles’ prices may go up substantially by Rs 75,000-1,00,000.
Source : https://auto.economictimes.indiatimes.com/autologue/impact-of-bharat-stage-vi-norms-on-indian-auto-auto-component-industry/1543

12. BS-4 Gasoline Specification
Source:- Feasibility report for BS-6 fuel quality prepared by EIL for IOCL Panipat refinery.pdf
10

13. BS-6 Gasoline Specification
Source:- Feasibility report for BS-6 fuel quality prepared by EIL for IOCL Panipat refinery.pdf 11

14. BS-4 Diesel Specification
Source:- Feasibility report for BS-6 fuel quality prepared by EIL for IOCL Panipat refinery.pdf 12

15. BS-6 Diesel Specification
Source:- Feasibility report for BS-6 fuel quality prepared by EIL for IOCL Panipat refinery.pdf 13

16. Key challenges faced by Indian refineries in the journey to BS
VI upgradation
15
Biggest challenge for the companies to work on a 3 year time plan to upgrade all their existing engines to BS –VI
compliant which in itself is difficult.
• Refineries need to ramp up capacities under expansion projects
Deteriorating quality and fluctuating prices of crude oil
• Finding financial resources could be a challenge due to lower refinery margins in recent time
Capital investment estimated for the refiners for fuel quality changes for BS-IV all over the country
and further to BS –VI is Rs.45,000 crore and Rs.35,000 crore respectively
• Rise in operational costs due to higher energy consumption.
Space constraint in case of many refineries for secondary process units may pose difficulties

17. Technology landscape
Existing Refineries units for meeting Current Spec i.e BS-4
Diesel Hydro Treatment (DHDT)
 Diesel Hydro De-Sulphurization (DHDS)
 Hydro Cracker & Once-thru Hydro Cracker(OHCU & HCU)
Vacuum Gas Oil (VGO)-Treaters
Technological interventions for further reduction of ‘S’ to meet BS-6 Standard
DHDT /DHDS Revamp/Catalyst changes/New Unit
 OHCU/HCU Revamp/Catalyst changes/New Unit
Revamp/New Hydrogen Generation units
 Revamp/New Sulphur recovery & associated units
 Revamp of VGO HDT
17

18. Gas Oil Desulphurization Technology Provider
• Major commercially established Global players
– UOP
– Axens
– Chevron Lummus Global
– Shell
– Halder Topsoé/ENI
– ExxonMobil
• Established Indian technology
– IOC(R&D)-EIL indeDiesel
14

19. Source:- https://www.iocl.com/Aboutus/RND/D_2.pdf

21. SWOT ANALYSIS
STRENGTHS
•REDUCTION IN AIR POLLUTION
•ADVANCED PROCESS CONTROL
•IMPROVING ENERGY & LOSS
MANAGEMENT
•HUMAN HEALTH INDEX IMPROVE
WEAKNESSES
•TECHNO ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY
•CRUDE OIL PRICE
•FUNDING CAPITAL INVESTMENT
•ELECTRIC CARS
OPPORTUNITIES
•EXPORT THE GASOLINE & DIESEL IN
GLOBAL MARKET
•SULPHUR AS A VALUE ADDED PRODUCT
THREATS
•REFINNING MARGIN
•COST WILL INCREASE IF CRUDE OILPRICES
INCREASES

22. References
Mentored By
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Devendra_Vashist/publication/317658613_Technical_Challenges_in_Shifting_from_BS_IV_to_BS-
VI_Automotive_Emissions_Norms_by_2020_in_India_A_Review/links/5951c860a6fdcc218d24cea6/Technical-Challenges-in-Shifting-from-BS-IV-to-BS-VI-Automotive-Emissions-
Norms-by-2020-in-India-A-Review.pdf
http://indianexpress.com/article/explained/simply-put-what-needs-to-be-done-to-upgrade-from-bs-iv/
http://abhimanuias.com/blogs/Important-Issues-DetailedArticle/7366/From-BS4-to-BS6-emission-standards-Pollution-Environment--General-Studies--Paper-III-By-abhimanu
http://www.hydrocarbonprocessing.com/magazine/2016/november-2016/columns/refining-high-impact-challenges-in-today-s-global-refining-market
http://www.fortuneindia.com/enterprise/indian-oil-gears-up-to-meet-new-fuel-standards/101193
http://indianexpress.com/article/explained/simply-put-what-needs-to-be-done-to-upgrade-from-bs-iv/
http://abhimanuias.com/blogs/Important-Issues-DetailedArticle/7366/From-BS4-to-BS6-emission-standards-Pollution-Environment-and-Ecology-General-Studies--Paper-III-By-
abhimanu
https://www.autobreakingnews.com/tag/enabling-oems-meet-bs-vi-norms-and-strategy/page/2/
http://www.psuconnect.in/psu-news
http://omgdigi.com/pall/better-lives-better-planet/
Auto fuel vision & policy 2025

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