r3df.com
Rick Radko Miriam Goldman
@r3designforge
@mirigoldman
Introduction to WordPress
for Beginners
July 20th, 2017

© 2017 Rick Radko, r3df.com
We are:
Rick Radko – R-Cubed Design Forge
 Software, web and app designer/developer, trainer, speaker.
 Creating custom web sites since 1996, and WordPress sites
since 2008.
Miriam Goldman
 Web Developer for Pondstone Digital Marketing
 Full stack web developer since 2005, and have worked with
WordPress since 2010
We're:
 Co-organizers of: WordCamp Ottawa 2017.
Slides are posted at: slideshare.net/r3df
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© 2017 Rick Radko, r3df.com
Learning about WordPress
WordPress is feature rich:
Ask questions.
Everyone was new to WordPress at one time.
WordPress is the easiest CMS to use.
Goals for this session:
Familiarization for WordCamp
 Terms
 Features
 Concepts
 Visual aspects
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Contents - Part 1
1. About WordPress
2. WordPress site orientation
3. Posts and pages
4. The settings panel
5. Menus
Break
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Contents - Part 2
6. Widgets
7. Resources
8. Plugins
9. Themes
10. Users
11. Maintenance
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About WordPress
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What is WordPress?
WordPress:
Is a Content Management System. (CMS)
 A tool to help you build a website.
Like Google Docs, Microsoft Word, OpenOffice,
LibreOffice or Pages, which help you create
documents.
Displays web pages (HTML) dynamically.
Users need no knowledge of: HTML, PHP,
JavaScript etc. (for basic content)
WYSIWYG editor to help create content easily.
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Looks similar to a lot of word processing applications.
 This image shows the WordPress post editor with an
extended editor plugin added (TinyMCE Advanced)
WordPress is WYSIWYG
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© 2017 Rick Radko, r3df.com
What is WordPress continued…
WordPress:
The first version of WordPress was released May
27, 2003
Is currently the most popular CMS in use on the
Internet.
 Runs millions of websites.
 Stats suggest that WordPress sites represent:
Around 25% of the worlds websites.
Almost 60% of CMS based websites.
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© 2017 Rick Radko, r3df.com
WordPress versions
3 different WordPress versions:
1. Hosted on wordpress.com
 Often referred to as “.com” WordPress.
2. Self Hosted – Single site (default version)
 Get from wordpress.org, or your website host.
3. Self Hosted – Network or Multisite
 Extra steps to setup.
Need to be aware of which one we are using, as
there are some differences.
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© 2017 Rick Radko, r3df.com
wordpress.com
Wordpress.com is a service (by Automattic)
They provide:
 WordPress and hosting.
WordPress needs a web server, with PHP and
MySQL to run.
 Free service restricted to URL's:
<somename>.wordpress.com
Has limitations compared to self hosted:
 Added costs for customizing.
 Limited ability to customize.
Many things covered in this presentation you can’t
do on wordpress.com – like add plugins.
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© 2017 Rick Radko, r3df.com
wordpress.org
Home of the open source version of WordPress.
Free!
 Just download it.
Needs a web server with PHPand MySQL to run.
 Hosting service for public sites.
 Local server to run it on your pc/ laptop
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WordPress - Is it really free?
WordPress is free to download !
Costs! - Some things that may not be free:
 Web hosting (sever)
 A domain (your website address)
 Some WordPress / Web design knowledge
 Add-on themes and plugins
Limitations: None!
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© 2017 Rick Radko, r3df.com
wordpress.org customizing
You can add plugins to make your site:
 Multilingual. (numerous techniques & plugins)
 Asocial site like Facebook. (BuddyPress)
You can add plugins to add:
 Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Flickr connections.
 Aforum. (bbpress + others)
 Much, much, more. (1000’s of plugins available)
Add themes to change the look and sometimes
add function. (1000’s of themes available)
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© 2017 Rick Radko, r3df.com
wordpress.org customizing
Caveat:
The more extensive the customization, the more
WordPress knowledge that is required.
 Many free resources to help:
wordpress.org (more later)
Other online resources.
 Some low cost resources:
WordPress meet-ups.
WordCamps.
Books.
 More costly:
Hiring a WordPress expert.
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wordpress.org networks or multisite
The third version of WordPress is multisite
(network).
Was once a separate version known as WPMU.
 May still see references to WPMU
Even a few websites with WPMU in their names.
(not official WordPress sites)
Allows multiple websites on one install.
 It is not obvious to users that it is one install.
What wordpress.com runs.
Needs some knowledge to set-up.
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Installing WordPress
WordPress needs to be installed on a web server in
order to use it:
Lots of install guides – not going to cover
installing here, it’s a whole session in itself.
codex.wordpress.org/ Installing_WordPress
This presentation is based on a .org install.
Much of it will work on wordpress.com but many
things may look/be different.
Things like installing plugins and themes will not
work.
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WordPress site orientation
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WordPress front-end
 The "public"
part of the
site that
your site
visitors see.
 Showing:
The Twenty
Sixteen
theme.
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WordPress has 2 interfaces for users:
1) The front-end

© 2017 Rick Radko, r3df.com
WordPress back-end, admin or “dashboard”
2) WordPress back-end or “dashboard”
 This is private space where you manage the site.
To see the dashboard:
login at:
<your-domain>/login
OR
<your-domain>/wp-login.php
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Welcome message
After logging in you will arrive at the dashboard.
On a new site, you will see the welcome box.
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Screen options tab
Many pages have options for what is shown.
Click on the “screen options” tab (upper right).
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Screen options
Select what you want to see, un-tick the rest.
In the case of the main Dashboard page, you
can even bring back the welcome screen here.
Look for screen options on each admin page:
Options change for each page.
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Help tab
Beside the screen options tab there is a “help” tab.
As with screen options, it is context sensitive.
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The help tab
The drop down help tab has:
On the left side:
 General WordPress help.
 May have added help from plugins and/or themes.
On the right side:
 links to the official WordPress documentation and
support areas.
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Main navigation
On the left side of the admin screen is the main
navigation menu:
Access all your
content.
Control
WordPress
settings.
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The tool bar
The admin tool bar:
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The tool bar
Front end tool bar
Very similar to admin tool bar, some items are
the same.
Only shows if you are logged in.
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Posts and pages
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Posts and pages
Posts and pages are the basic content holders for a
WordPress site.
Posts:
 Individual pieces of a collection of content.
Usually used for blogs or similar types of content.
 Each content piece is associated with a date:
URL: your-domain/2008/11/30/post-title.
 Posts have categories and tags.
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Posts
 Can be displayed many ways (dynamic):
Usually listed in reverse chronological order.
Sticky posts. (show at the top, need theme support)
Archives, by date, by author.
Categories and tags.
 Many different sidebar widgets can be used to create
lists and indices to posts, or collections of posts
indexed in various manners.
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Post display
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Single post display
Sidebar here is
the same as the
posts listing page,
but it could be
different.
Comments are
shown with box
to add a new
comment
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Pages
Pages:
Are individual static stand alone content blocks.
Good for things like an About page.
 (any web site pages)
Usually in site menus.
Do not use tags or categories.
Not tied to date.
 URL: domainname.com/page-title/
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Page display
Only one way to
display the
page.
May have
sidebar.
No date, tags or
category
information on
page.
May have
comments
section. 34

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Creating a post (or a page) is really easy
In the dashboard -> select “Add New” from the
Posts menu item.
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Create a new post: 1, 2, 3!
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A new post!
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Other post related items
We can also:
Add categories and tags to the posts.
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More post related items (and pages too)
We can also change publishing options:
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 Published/Review/Draft
 Publishing dates
and future publishing.
 Visibility and passwords.

© 2017 Rick Radko, r3df.com
Pictures and videos
We can also:
Add images and other media including videos.
Click the add media button to upload images
 OR, you can simply drag an image onto the editor
area and the image uploader will launch.
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Insert Media Screen
If you dragged an image onto the editor:
 It will be noted as selected at the bottom.
 You can add more images…
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Image options
The image up-loader has a few options:
 Add or
change the
title, alt text
and captions.
 Change what
it links to.
 Change the
image size
and the
alignment.
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The added image
Uploaded image is now in editor
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Add a YouTube video
Go to YouTube:
Get the share link.
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Add a YouTube video
Paste the share link in your post or page
and the video should automagically appear!
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A post with videos and images
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 If you want more
control over the
video display,
you can add the
embed code in
the TEXT view.
 The bottom
video was added
by using the
embed code.

© 2017 Rick Radko, r3df.com
TEXTview
Use TEXTview to:
Embed HTML code like YouTube snippets.
Change the HTML directly, sometimes needed to
get things just right.
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The Toolbar Toggle
“Toolbar Toggle” shows second row for editor:
A few more editing options.
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Pasting from Word/ Excel
You can compose in MSWord or Excel and paste
into WordPress, but:
There can be issues with formatting
 Word adds a lot of junk to it’s HTML.
Use the paste as text mode.
You may loose formatting, tables, lists etc
 do final layout/formatting in WordPress.
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Editing pages
Editing
pages
is almost
the same
as for a
post.
Some
options
on right
side are
different.
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Pages can have hierarchy
 To change hierarchy, you change the page parent.
 Can be important for URL structure. (permalinks)
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The "All posts" or "All pages" list
Displays a list of your pages or posts.
Pages listing shows hierarchy.
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The "All posts" or "All pages" list
Posts listing shows categories, tags and
comment count columns.
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Change the number of items shown
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Quick editor
The "Quick Editor" is a feature on the listing
pages.
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Quick editor
You can change many of the page (and posts)
settings using the "Quick Editor".
 Can be much faster!
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WordPress settings panel
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Site title and tagline
How do we change the site title or tagline?
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General settings
Change the title and tagline
Settings -> General page.
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General settings
There are quite a few other important options
here.
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Settings - Font Page Display
Reading Settings have a section for setting the
front page display: "Home" page.
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Permalinks
Permalinks settings change the way the URL is
displayed.
Default sample page permalink:
 http://your-domain/?page_id=2
Default child page permalink:
 http:// your-domain/?page_id=36
Default post permalink:
 http:// your-domain/?p=4
Not very “pretty” or readable, Google does not
like them either!
No hierarchy for child page.
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Settings - permalinks
 Here, month and name is set - common choice.
 There is also a custom box where you can edit the
permalink
if you need
something
unusual.
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The URL’s with permalinks
The sample page is now:
 http://your-domain/sample-page
The child page is now:
 http://your-domain/sample-page/sample-child-page
 It shows the hierarchy (if a page parent was set)
Our post is now:
 http://your-domain/2012/05/hello-wpottawa
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Permalink also shows in editor
You can override permalinks – use edit
If you change your title, you should consider
updating the permalink.
Note: if you change the permalink, you may want
to add a redirect for the old url.
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Menus
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Menus
For some themes, default menus are created
from the page list.
Hierarchy and order are taken from the page list,
with home added at the start.
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The menu system - the easier way to menus
Under Appearance there is a Menus tab
Need admin privileges.
Need a theme support.
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Build the menu
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Rearrange the menu
Drag and drop items to change order and hierarchy
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Setting the theme location
There may be several choices for menu location.
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The new menu
The new menu
Independent of the page order and hierarchy.
Dropdown for the child page
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Widgets
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Widgets
Widgets are tools
or content items
that you can add,
arrange, and
remove from the
widgetized areas
of your theme.
The most common
widgetized area is
the sidebars.
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Widgets can be anywhere a theme defines them
Widgets started in sidebars…
Now themes can have many areas for them:
 Sidebars
 Headers, footers
 Special page spaces.
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Widget locations
Twenty Ten had 6
widget areas.
4 in the footer
2 in the
sidebar
Empty areas
are usually
hidden
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Managing widgets
The Widgets admin is under the Appearance menu.
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Add a widget
Add a social links widget to the sidebar.
A plugin (Follow Us Badges) was added to add
this widget to WordPress.
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Added social link widget
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Resources
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wordpress.org
wordpress.org, the official source for all things
WordPress. (wordpress.org)
Theme repository – get free and commercial
themes.
Plugin repository – get plugins.
Support forums – get help.
The “codex”. (documentation)
Also WordPress TV: WordCamp and other videos
wordpress.tv
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WordPress Help
WordPress icon on top left of the admin bar has
several links to useful WordPress help
resources.
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wordpress.org – theme repository
1000’s of
themes
available.
Themes
are
reviewed
before
release.
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wordpress.org – plugin repository
1000’s of
plugins.
Currently
plugins
are not
reviewed.
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wordpress.org – forums
The “support” forums.
 Seek help with WordPress, theme and plugin issues.
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wordpress.org – documentation
The “codex”: from basics to code documentation.
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Other help
Google WordPress + some topic
Caution, many articles are out of date and may
no longer be relevant.
Books:
Lots of books, make sure it’s current.
 Print editions are usually not current.
Tao of WordPress is a great ebook for beginners.
Digging into WordPress is a also great ebook,
but may not be for absolute beginners.
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Other help
WordCamps:
 “WordCamp is a conference that focuses on
everything WordPress.” – WordCamp Central
Montreal: Aug 12-13, 2017.
Toronto: Sept 30 – Oct 1, 2017.
All sorts of WordCamps world wide:
central.wordcamp.org
WordPress Meetup Groups:
 Ottawa, Montreal, Toronto, and other cities.
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Plugins
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Plugins Page
The plugins page shows plugins installed on the site.
Can't add plugins on wordpress.com.
 You can only enable/disable which ones you are
using, and change settings.
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Adding plugins
Search wordpress.org for plugins based on
keywords, or name.
Example: TinyMCEAdvanced
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Add plugins search results
The search results:
Plugins matching the keywords are shown.
Descriptions, ratings, last updates and
compatibility are shown for each plugin.
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Install
Install TinyMCEadvanced.
A good idea to back up the site first!
Click the install.
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Install status
Ascreen showing the install status will appear.
Some plugins will auto-activate, most you need
to activate.
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Plugin listing
TinyMCEAdvanced installed and active
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TinyMCEsettings
Anew menu item has been created for the
settings page for TinyMCEadvanced.
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Plugin Settings
Plugins usually (and are supposed to) create option
pages under the Settings menu item.
Some plugins create menu items in almost any
other section.
Tools, Dashboard, and sometimes Plugins are
common spots for hiding settings pages.
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Updating plugins
ALWAYSBACKUPFIRST!!!
Updates are easy, just click the link.
Updates can break your site, back-ups make it
easy to undo.
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Update plugins in the WordPress updater
Can update plugins using the WordPress updater
 Again BACKUP FIRST!
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Finding/ Choosing plugins
Choose plugins with:
good download volume.
recent updates.
responses in the forums.
high ratings.
Where do you find this information?
Some of it was on the plugin search listing.
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Details view
The details view gives more of it.
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Details display
Details view
Some more plugin
info, but still not
everything - use
the link to the
repository
for full listing.
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Choosing plugins
All of the
information is in the
plugin repository.
Look at the last
updated date.
Is it popular? (active
installs)
User ratings?
Is the support forum
active?
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A good plugin
Awell respected
and rated and
popular plugin.
Note there are
still issues…
 Look at over-all,
not absolutes
when evaluating.
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Suggested plugins
Backup:
Good ones automate off-server backups.
Google Analytics:
Add options like excluding admin traffic from
stats.
Some have dashboard summaries of stats.
Some add advanced tracking and tagging
features.
Security:
Block brute force login, and other attacks.
Scan for malware.
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Beware of unknown plugins
There are many plugins not on the wordpress.org
repository.
Many of those plugins are very good.
 Most good plugins not on the repository are
commercial ($).
Many are not good, and may even contain
malware.
 blog.sucuri.net/2012/02/new-wordpress-toolspack-
plugin.html
* plugins on the repository are not guaranteed to be
clean, but malware is usually spotted quickly by users.
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Plugin final notes
Remove all unused plugins from your site, they
can be a security issue.
 The Timthumb vulnerability did not need to have the
plugin be active in order to be exploited.
Keep plugins, even inactive ones up to date!
Install a backup plugin AND USEIT!!!
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Themes
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Themes
Atheme defines the look and feel of your site.
Sets the graphics, colors.
Sets the widget locations.
Defines column layout.
Can be changed relatively easily.
 Beware lock-in.
Cannot add themes when using wordpress.com.
 You can:
Choose one of the installed themes.
Change settings.
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Theme: Twenty Sixteen
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Theme: Twenty Fifteen
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Theme: Twenty Fourteen
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Theme: Travel Blogger (no longer available)
Note that the
while the site
looks different,
the content and
widgets are the
same.
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Theme driven front page
Some themes have
very sophisticated
home pages.
Neither posts or
pages are
shown.
All content is in
options for the
theme.
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Adding/ managing themes
The theme admin page: (Appearance -> Themes)
Click the add new button to add themes.
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Adding/ managing themes
Add Themes Page: Featured themes.
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Adding/ managing themes
Finding a new theme: Feature filter
Select some search parameters.
Searches all themes on wordpress.org
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Results
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Adding/ managing themes
Keyword search results
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Details view
Gives some
information
about the
theme, and
a preview of
what it looks
like.
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Details view
Many themes
now need
setup to look
as expected,
and don't
work out of
the box.
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Theme repository
As with plugins:
You get more
detail on
wordpress.org.
But there is still
less info than for
plugins.
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Adding/ managing themes
Choosing themes is less clear than plugins.
You need it:
 to look good for you.
 have the features you want.
 have support:
check the forums.
check the last update date.
 be good/reliable:
check the ratings.
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Adding/ managing themes
Install a theme
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Installing the theme
Success
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Live Preview
Live Preview
See the
theme
before
activating
on site.
Change
settings for
theme.
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Theme Options
Customize option on the current theme
Goes to same place as "Live Preview".
Change theme, and other settings.
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Theme Customizer
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Themes not on wordpress.org
Many good commercial themes are not on
wordpress.org.
 iThemes
 WooThemes
 Studiopress
 Elegant Themes
 Freelance themes on Theme Forest
 and more….
Beware free themes not from wordpress.org
 Google “Free WordPress Themes” and you are
guaranteed to find yourself some malware.
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Upload theme
For a theme that is not on wordpress.org
Use the upload theme button.
Upload a .zip of the theme to be installed.
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Final notes for themes
If you need to modify a theme's code:
You should use a child theme to modify themes.
If you alter the theme files without a child
theme:
 You will loose your changes if the theme is updated.
 Can't update to get security fixes.
Not too hard to create a child theme:
 Write your own from examples.
codex.wordpress.org/Child_Themes
OR
 Add a plugin - there are several on wordpress.org.
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Users
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User levels
Standard WordPress User Levels
Least to most powerful:
Subscriber
 Can not edit or change anything
 Comment only
Contributor
Author
Editor
Admin - can do anything!
Super Admin – Networks (multisite) only
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User roles
Subscriber
Can only manage their profile and comment.
Contributor
Can write and manage their posts but not
publish them + all Subscriber capabilities.
Author
Can publish and manage their own posts + all
Contributor capabilities.
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User roles
Editor
Can publish and manage posts and pages as
well as manage other users' posts, etc. + all
Author capabilities.
Administrator
Access to all the administration features + all
Editor capabilities.
Super Admin
Access to the blog network administration
features controlling the entire network + all
Administrator capabilities.
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User security issues
Remove any user called "admin" if you have one.
Subject to brute force attacks
Do not use your administrator account on public
wifi if possible.
Use a lower level account
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Maintenance
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Maintenance
Keep your site up to date
WordPress, Plugins and Themes
 All have bug updates, security patches and new
feature releases.
 Not keeping up to date increases the risk of hacking
substantially.
 Before you update anything – make a backup!
Can’t emphasize this enough.
Often neglected.
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The End
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Contact
Rick Radko
email: wpinfo@r3df.com
twitter: @r3designforge
Miriam Goldman
email: sensei.miriam@gmail.com
twitter: @mirigoldman
Slides at:
slideshare.net/ r3df
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