1. Transcription and Translation
By: Tasha Huey & Darriene London

2. Transcription
1. RNA polymerase binds to DNA and unwinds it.
2. RNA polymerase to promoter region of DNA
3. RNAP reads DNA and creates mRNA.
4. RNAP hits stop codon and releases mRNA.
5. mRNA leaves nucleus and enters cytoplasm.

3. Nucleus

4. Closer to the Nucleus 1
RNA polymerase
DNA

5. DNA strand
A TG C A G T C A T G C C A T T G A G G T C A A G C T A A G
T AC G T C A G T A C G G T A A C T C C A G T T C G A T T C
Hydrogen Bonds

6. 2 Promoter Region
T C A T G
A G T A C

7. coding Region 3
T C A T G
RNA Polymerase
A G T A C
RNAP Reads DNA
and creates mRNA

8. Coding Region
T C A T G
RNA Polymerase
A

9. coding Region
T C A T G
RNA Polymerse
A G

10. coding region
T C A T G
RNA polymerase
A G U

11. coding region
T C A T G
RNA Polymerse
A G U A

12. 4 mRNA strand
AU G C A G U C A U G C C A UU G A G G U C A A G C U A A G
Promoter Region
T C
A, U, G = Starting Codon
A T G
A,A, G = Terminating Codon
RNA Polymerse
A G U
The mRNA strand is complete
A C
mRNA strand

13. 5
Nuclear Pore
mRNA moves through
nuclear pore
DNA

14. Translation
1. rRNA forms ribosomes.
2. mRNA binds to ribosome and is read.
3. tRNA proof reads mRNA and transfers amino acids.
4. amino acids attached to tRNA bind with peptide bond.
5. Ribosomes hits stop codon and completes the protein.

15. Inside the Cytoplasm 1
RNA ribosomes

16. Ribosome
tRNA anti-codon Promoter Region
2
Met Amino Acid
T C A T G
UA C
AUG C A G U C A U G C C A UU G A G G U C A A G C U A A G
RNA Polymerse
A G U
mRNA strand bases
A C
mRNA strand

17. Amino Acids Ribosome
tRNA anti-codon Promoter Region
3
Met Val
T C A T G
G UC
AUG C A G U C A U G C C A UU G A G G U C A A G C U A A G
RNA Polymerse
A G U
mRNA strand bases
A C
mRNA strand

18. Ribosome
Amino Acids
tRNA anti-codon Promoter Region
Met Val Ser
T C A T G
AG U
AUG C A G U C A U G C C A UU G A G G U C A A G C U A A G
RNA Polymerse
A G U
mRNA strand bases
A C
mRNA strand

19. Amino Acids Peptide Bond Ribosome
Promoter Region
4
tRNA anti-codon
Met Val Ser Thr
T C A T G
A CG
AUG C A G U C A U G C C A UU G A G G U C A A G C U A A G
RNA Polymerse
A G U
mRNA strand bases
A C
mRNA strand

20. Amino Acids
Promoter Region
Ribosome
tRNA anti-codon
Met Val Ser Thr Val
T C A T G
G U A
AUG C A G U C A U G C C A UU G A G G U C A A G C U A A G
RNA Polymerse
A G U
mRNA strand bases
A C
mRNA strand

21. Amino Acids
Promoteranti-codon
RegionRibosome
tRNA
Met Val Ser Thr Val Thr
T C A T G
A C U
AUG C A G U C A U G C C A UU G A G G U C A A G C U A A G
RNA Polymerse
A G U
mRNA strand bases
A C
mRNA strand

22. Amino Acids
Promoter Region Ribosome
tRNA anti-codon
Met Val Ser Thr Val Thr Pro
T C A T G
C C A
AUG C A G U C A U G C C A UU G A G G U C A A G C U A A G
RNA Polymerse
A G U
mRNA strand bases
A C
mRNA strand

23. Amino Acids
Promoter Region Ribosome
tRNA anti-codon
Met Val Ser Thr Val Thr Pro Val
T C A T G
G U U
AUG C A G U C A U G C C A UU G A G G U C A A G C U A A G
RNA Polymerse
A G U
mRNA strand bases
A C
mRNA strand

24. Amino Acids
Promoter Region Ribosome
tRNA anti-codon
Met Val Ser Thr Val Arg
Thr Pro Val
T C A T G
C G A
AUG C A G U C A U G C C A UU G A G G U C A A G C U A A G
RNA Polymerse
A G U
mRNA strand bases
A C
mRNA strand

25. Amino Acids
5
Promoter Region Ribosome
tRNA anti-codon
Met Val Ser Thr Val Arg (Stop)
Thr Pro Val
T C A T G
U A G
AUG C A G U C A U G C C A UU G A G G U C A A G C U A U C
RNA Polymerse
A G U
mRNA strand bases
A C
mRNA strand

26. Completed Protein
Amino Acids
Peptide Bonds

27. Steps of Transcription and Translation Summarized
1. RNA polymerase binds to DNA and unwinds it.
2. RNA polymerase to promoter region of DNA
3. RNAP reads DNA and creates mRNA.
4. RNAP hits stop codon and releases mRNA.
5. mRNA leaves nucleus and enters cytoplasm.
6. rRNA forms ribosomes.
7. mRNA binds to ribosome and is read.
8. tRNA proof reads mRNA and transfers amino acids.
9. amino acids attached to tRNA bind with peptide bond.
10. Ribosomes hits stop codon and completes the protein.