ppt on HAI

1. It may seem a strange principle
to enunciate as the very first requirement
of a hospital
that it do the sick no harm
Florence Nightingale, Notes on Hospitals, 1863

2. What is Infection Control?
Patient to
Worker
Visitor
Patient
Worker to
Worker
Visitor
Patient
Visitor to
Worker
Visitor
Patient

3. Infectiousness
Patients should be considered infectious if they
• Are coughing
• Are undergoing cough-inducing or aerosol-generating
procedures, or
• Have sputum smears positive for acid-fast bacilli and they
• Are not receiving therapy
• Have just started therapy, or
• Have poor clinical response to therapy

4. Fate of Droplets
Organisms Liberated
Talking 0-200
Coughing 0-3500
Sneezing 4500-1,000,000
Droplets can remain
suspended in the air for
hours.

5. Hierarchy of Infection Control
•Administrative controls to reduce risk of
exposure, infection and disease thru policy and
practice;
•Environmental (engineering) controls to reduce
concentration of infectious bacilli in air in areas
where air contamination is likely; and
•Personal respiratory protection to protect
personnel who must work in environs with
contaminated air.

6. Hierarchy of Infection Controls
Patient
Administrative
Respiratory Protection
Environmental
Worker
Facility

7. Hierarchy of Infection Controls
Patient
Administrative
Respiratory Protection
Environmental
Worker
Facility