The French and Indian War was a conflict between France and Britain in North America from 1754-1763 over control of the Ohio Valley. George Washington was involved early on when he was sent to deliver an ultimatum to the French but was ambushed instead. Later, British forces gained victories starting in 1755, leading to the Treaty of Paris in 1763 where France ceded territorial control in North America to Britain. This expanded British claims but also increased tensions with colonists and Native Americans.

1. French and Indian War

2. French and Indian War
French and Indian War
• France and England each wanted
to dominate Europe
– Would spread to America in 1754
– Skirmishes in the Ohio Valley region

3. French and Indian War
The War that Shaped America’s Destiny
1754-1763
British land speculators and fur
traders vs. French business
ventures

4. French and Indian War

5. French and Indian War

6. French and Indian War

7. French and Indian War
George Washington
• 21 yrs. old
• Asked to remove the
French from the region
• Was to deliver an
ultimatum
• Ambushed and
surrenders

8. French and Indian War

9. Albany Conference
• Military affairs, westward
expansion, and Indian relations
are best managed best by a
united public authority, not
thirteen independent colonial
governments.
French and Indian War

10. French and Indian War
Albany Plan of Union
•The final version was called the
Albany Plan of Union
– It never went into affect
– No colony ratified it.

11. French and Indian War
Albany Plan of Union
•Even though the Albany Plan
never went into affect, it:
– Set a precedent for later
– An effort at a unified front
against Europe

12. French and Indian War
Turning of the tide for the British 1755

13. French and Indian War

14. French and Indian War
Treaty of Paris
• 1763
• Signed and ends the
war
• France is eliminated
as a power in North
America

15. French and Indian War
Results of the French & Indian War
• British territorial claims expanded in
America.
• British debt grew
• Resentment towards American colonists
grew in Parliament

16. French and Indian War
Results of the French & Indian War
• American colonists unified for the first
time
• Colonial militias saw themselves as
volunteers or a "people's army"
• France's influence in development of
North American dwindled

17. French and Indian War
The Next Phase Begins
• Native Americans threat subdued:
• England begins a series of acts
– Proclamation of 1763
• Colonists will meet these with
resistance.

18. French and Indian War
The Next Phase Begins
• British would defend the acts
– proper way to protect the colonial
empire
• Colonists would feel these acts
threatened their liberties

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Why were Natives Angry
•Several issues:
– English dominance meant
•Construction of new forts
•Movement of new settlers into
Indian lands

20. So…Chief Pontiac
• Led many raids on
British outposts
• Preached for a
return to
traditional ways
French and Indian War

21. French and Indian War
Proclamation Act of 1763
• Result of Pontiac's Rebellion
– A line along the Appalachian
mountains
• British colonists could not settle
west of the line without British
government permission

22. Proclamation Act of 1763
French and Indian War

23. French and Indian War
Proclamation Line of 1763