Era of Good Feelings 2019

1. Era of Good Feelings

2. Era of Good Feeling
▪ “Never did a government
commence under auspices
so favorable. . . . If we
look to the history of
other nations, ancient or
modern, we find no
example of a growth so
rapid, so gigantic, of a
people so prosperous and
happy. “

3. What are the characteristics of the Era of
Good Feelings?

4. Era of Good Feeling
▪ After War of 1812 a heightened sense of
Nationalism
▪ Battle of New Orleans
▪ U.S. can now capable of defend itself
against a world power.

5. Era of Good Feeling
▪ Decline of economic and political
dependence on Europe
▪ Westward expansion and optimism about
the future
▪ Americans began to see themselves as
Americans first and state citizens second.

6. Election of 1816

8. Election of 1816
▪ The Federalists, all
but disappeared
after of the War of
1812
▪ Federalist
opposition to the
war

9. Election of 1816
▪ Death of Federalist
party temporarily
reduced
sectionalism
▪ Reduced the states’
rights sentiment

10. Election of 1816
▪ The public saw the
party as unpatriotic
and possibly
treasonous
▪ Many members
abandoned the
party name
altogether.

11. Economic Nationalism
▪ Create a new national bank
▪ Protect American manufactures from
foreign competition
▪ Building canals and roads to improve
transportation

12. 2nd Bank of the United States
▪ The US found itself in circumstances
similar
▪ Mounting debt from a war with England,
▪ High prices,
▪ Devalued money from rising inflation.

13. Was a Bank a good idea?
▪ 20 year charter
▪ Would it get renewed?
▪ Promoted by the Federalists
▪ They had lost power – remember?

14. The Second Bank
▪ Republicans
opposed the bank
▪ State banks grew
and charged higher
rates

15. The Second Bank
▪ Created in 1816
▪ Given power to
• issue notes for
national currency
• control state banks

16. Tariff and Transportation
• British goods were
cheaper after the war
and dumped on US
markets
• Almost impossible to
compete with the
cheap foreign imports.

17. Tariff of 1816
▪ US had maintained a revenue tariff
▪ intended to provide government income.
▪ A protective tariff, would protect the US business
from foreign competition.

18. Tariff of 1816
• Protective tariff
• Temporary
• Taxed imports to
make them more
expensive
• 20%-25%

19. Tariff of 1816
• Difficult transition from
war time to peacetime

20. Tariff of 1816
• Opposed by
southern cotton
farmers
• NE shippers would
not benefit as much
- but as a whole they
would

21. The American System

22. The American System - Roads
▪ Build numerous new
roads to make travel
easier.
▪ Promote business
between states and
encourage travel;
▪ Tie the country
together.

23. The American System:
The National [Cumberland] Road

24. The American System - Tariffs
▪ Tax on imported
goods.
▪ More money for the
government; it needs
more money to pay
for roads (and other
improvements).
“protective” tariff

25. Federal internal improvement plan
▪ Madison vetoed
▪ Nothing in the
Constitution
about spending
money this way
▪ Private enterprises
were begun

26. Judicial Nationalism
▪ John Marshall
▪ Chief Justice for thirty-four
years.
▪ Remembered for the landmark
decisions he made while Chief
Justice of the United States
▪ Decisions that have shaped the
country in important and
historic ways.

27. Judicial Nationalism
▪ John Marshall
▪ Chief Justice for
thirty-four years.

28. John Marshall
▪ Decisions that have
shaped the country
in historic ways.
▪ His landmark
decisions
strengthened the
judicial branch of
government

29. John Marshall
▪ Defined the 3
branch system
▪ Many scholars hold
that Marshall the
doctrine of judicial
review.

30. McCulloh v. Maryland (1819)
• Court ruled that Congress had implied powers create
the Second Bank of the United States
• The state of Maryland lacked the power to tax the
Bank.
• Gave Congress broad discretionary power to
implement the enumerated powers, but also
repudiated, the radical states' rights arguments

31. Gibbons v.Ogden (1824)
• Vastly expanded the powers of Congress through a
single clause in the Constitution: the Commerce Clause
of Article I, Section 8.
• The Court ruled that under that clause Congress had
powers to regulate any aspect of commerce that crossed
state lines
• Such regulation preempted conflicting regulation by the
states.

32. Martin v. Hunter Lessee (1816)
• The Court has the authority to hear all appeals of
state court decisions in cases of federal statutes and
treaties
• Court is the nation’s last court of appeal

33. Boundaries 1818-1819

34. The Convention of 1818
▪ Treaty with Canada
▪ American
fishermen could
now fish in
Canadian Waters.
▪ Fixed the U.S.-
Canada border
from Minnesota to
the Rockies.

35. Nationalist Diplomacy
▪ The US looks to expand it borders
▪ Jackson Invasion of Florida (slave expedition)
• Florida was Spanish territory, US law did not apply
• Creek – Seminole begin to attack GA from Florida
• Spain could not control the border – US must
do something

36. Nationalist Diplomacy
▪ John Quincy Adams backs Jackson and blames
Spain
• Spain in the midst of serious internal problems its
colonies out west were on the brink of revolution
is convinced to give FLA to the US

37. Adams-Onis Treaty 1819
• Drew a definite border
between Spanish land and
the Louisiana Territory
• Spain retained possession
of Texas, California and
the region of New Mexico.

38. Adams-Onis Treaty 1819
• Mandated that Spain relinquish
its claims to the country of
Oregon north of the 42 degrees
parallel
• US agreed to pay its citizens’
claims against Spain up to $5
Million.

41. Monroe Doctrine 1823
• Spanish colonies
were in revolution
• Quadruple Alliance
• The Concert of
Europe 1815
• To enforce the
decisions of the
Congress of
Vienna.

42. Monroe Doctrine 1823
• Britain look to issue a joint statement
• US wants to go it alone
• The United States would not get involved
in European affairs.
• The United States would not interfere
with existing European colonies in the
Western Hemisphere.
• No other nation could form a new colony
in the Western Hemisphere.