This document outlines developmental milestones for preschool-aged children between 3-6 years old. It discusses physical, motor, cognitive, language, and psychosocial development milestones in areas such as walking, running, hopping, balancing, building towers, cutting with scissors, increased vocabulary, understanding of gender, sharing, and following rules. The document provides examples of typical development at ages 3-4 and 4-6, noting skills in areas like dressing independently, riding tricycles, copying shapes, telling stories, counting, recognizing colors and shapes.
2. DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES
Developmental milestones are the behaviours
or physical skills in infants and children as
they grow and develop. Rolling over , crawling
, and talking are all considered as milestones.
4. TYPES OF DEVELOPMENTAL
MILESTONES
Physical development
Motor development : a. Gross motor & Fine motor
development
Cognitive development
Language development
Psychosocial development
Sensory development
5. 3-4 YEARS OLD CHILDREN
PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT
o Physical growth is relatively slow.
o Weight is approximately 14-16kg.
o Height is about 95-100cm.
o Heart & respiratory rate is similar to adults i.e.
o Walks erect ,swings arms.
o Rapid skeletal development.
6. MOTOR DEVELOPMENT
Gross motor
o skips & hop on feet.
o Rides tricycle.
o Catches soft objects & bounced ball with both hands.
o Can dress & undress in most situations.
o Goes upstairs & downstairs using alternate feet.
7. FINE MOTOR
o Can build tower of 9-10 cubes.
o Puts beads on string.
o Copies a circle .
o Can go to toilet alone.
o Brushes teeth with help.
o Cut pictures with scissors.
o Copies a square .
8. COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT
o Egocentric.
o Thinking is concrete & tangible.
o Able to follow directional commands.
o Omnipotence ( inability to distinguish between one’s own perception and
that of someone else).
o Highly imaginative .
o Obeys commands because of parents fear & not because of
understanding b/w right & wrong.
9. LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT
o At the age of 3 children has vocabulary of 800-1000
words & at the age of 4 child uses sentence of 4-6 words.
o Questioning is at peak.
o Names body parts.
o Tells exaggerated stories.
o Knows nursery rhymes & simple songs.
10. PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
o Quite independent i.e. can be easily separated from mother.
o Knows own sex and that of others.
o Begins to share .
o Tends to be selfish , impatient & aggressive.
o Tells family talks to others .
o Play games with own rules.
o Fears dark .
12. 4-6 YEARS OLD CHILDREN
PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT
o Half of adults height .
o Average weight is 18-20 kg.
o Begins to lose deciduous teeth , first permanent teeth
erupts.
o Brain is 90% of adult size .
13. MOTOR DEVELOPMENT
GROSS MOTOR
o Rides bicycle with or without training wheels.
o Runs , jumps, climbs, and hops well .
o Constantly keeps on moving .
o Clumsy & awkward movements.
14. FINE MOTOR
o Copies a square, triangle & diamond shape .
o Improved hand-eye coordination .
o Tie shoe laces.
o Uses scissors and simple tools.
o Can brush teeth .
o Bathes self-unassisted .
o Comb hair & dresses self .
15. COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT
o Accurately describes events.
o Has a sense of humour.
oResponds to praise & recognition.
o Follows commands.
o Classify objects according to relationships that are similar .
oTime orientation present.
16. LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT
o Counts numbers .
o Recognises shapes.
o Uses all forms of sentences.
o Can repeat sentences of 10-12 words.
o Enjoys telling jokes.
