Mental

1. SEMINAR
ON
GROWTH AND
DEVELOPMENT OF SCHOOL
AGE CHILDREN(6-12 YRS)
By-
M. Binanda Singh
HCN SRHU

2. Definition
Growth –
Growth is the progressive increase in the size of
a child or parts o a child.
Development
Development is progressive increase in skill
capacity to functions.

3. A. PHYSICAL GROWTH AND
DEVELOPMENT.
Biological growth:
• Growth during the school years is characterize as
gradual in almost all body parts.
• Co-ordination and muscle control increase as gross
and fine motor are perfected.

4. WEIGHT AND HEIGHT
During school age years shows a sex related
difference.
 Boys gains slightly more weight.
 Height gain similar but boys tend to be taller.

5. AGE WEIGHT HEIGHT
6-8 years 17.5- 25.5 kg
Gains 3.8 kg yearly
110-121 cm
Gains 1.13 cm
8-10 years 22-32 kg
Gains 3.8 kg yearly
121.5 cm- 136.5 cm
Gains 1.13 cm yearly
11 years
Weight 25.5 – 39.5 kg
Gains 3.8 kg yearly
131.5 -147.5 cm
12 years BOYS- 30-48 kg
GIRLS- 30-50 kg
BOYS- 142-158 cm
GIRLS-144-160 cm

6. PHYSIOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT
1. CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM:
• The heart assumes a more vertical position in the
chest because of left ventricular development and
downward placement of the diaphragm.
• Heart murmurs peak during 6-9 yrs of age ,these
occurs in approximately 50% of all children.

7. 6-8 YEARS 8-10 YEARS 10 YEARS 12 YEARS
BOY-
90 85 90 90+or-20/m
PULSE + or - +or - +or-
15/min 10/min 20/min GIRLS-
85+or-
20/min
21 20 19+ 19
+or- +or- or- +or –
RESPIRATION
3/min 3/min 3/min 3/min
100/60 102/60 109/58 113/59
BLOOD
PRESSURE +or – +or – 1 + or – + or –
16/10 mm 6/10 mm hg 16/10 mm 18/10 mm
hg hg hg

8. 2. IMMUNE SYSTEM:
• As the immune system continuous to develop
response to infection is specific and localized.
• Normal adult levels of the immunoglobulin are
reached during the schools years.

9. 3. MOTOR SYSTEM :
• The school child continuous to refine
previously acquired skills.
• The child needs regular exercise approximately
4 ½ to 6 hours daily to develop normally.

10. 4. NERVOUS SYSTEM :
• By 10 years of age , the nervous system is
essential mature.
• This should be evident in the sensory and
motor functions as well as in the cognitive
process.

11. 5. SENSORY DEVELOPMENT :
• By the time the child reaches the age of 6 years,
central visual activity is established.
• At the age 7 years, visual activity should be 20/20
which is the adult level.
• From 8 years of age to adolescence, the
tendency to myopia increases.
• Sense of taste, smell mature.
• Able to locate application of heat, cold or a pin
prick to body surface.

12. B. MOTOR DEVELOPMENT

13. 6- 8 years
• Rides bicycles without •
training wheel.
Runs, jumps, climbs ,
hops constantly in
motion.

14. Contd….
d
• Clumsy and awkwar
movement.
• Co-ordination.

15. 8-10 YEARS
a. Performs tricks on
bicycles, races.
b. Begins to participate in
organized sports.
c. Throws ball skillfully,
overheard and
understand

16. 10-12 YEARS
Enjoys all activities.

17. FINE MOTOR
6-8 YEARS
• Knows right from left • Can brush and comb

18. Contd….
• Learn cursive
writing.
• Has improved eye-
hand co-ordination.
• Bathes self unassisted

19. FINE MOTOR
8-10 YEARS 10-12 YEARS
a) Use both hands
independently.
b) Cursive writing
improved.
c) Dresses self completely
d) Draws a person
with 18-20 parts.
a) Co-ordination
continuous to improve.
b) Dressing and grooming
skills develop.

20. SELF CARE 6-8 YEARS
FEEDING SKILLS
a) At 6 years,
• likes to eat with
finger,
• stuffs food into
mouth
• talkative while eating.
b) At 7 years,
• improved table
manners,
• less talking,
• may bolt food.
GROOMING AND
DRESSING SKILLS
a) Self care managed, has a
tendency to dawdle in bath
tub.
b)Needs to be reminded to
wash hands.
c) May need some help with
dressing.
d)Wears what is selected by
parents
e) Leaves clothes where they
are removed.

21. 8-10 YEARS
FEEDING SKILLS DRESSING AND GROOMING SKILLS
1. Handles eating
utensils skillfully.
1. Dress self completely, enjoys selecting
own clothes.
2. Unaware of dirty clothes.
3. Need to be reminded to brush teeth.
10-12 YEARS
1. Criticizes table
manners of
parents.
1. May wear some clothes continuously.
2. Leaves clothes where the fall.
3. Enjoys wearing currents styles of
clothes.
4. Needs constant reminding of personnel
hygiene(10yr)
5. Bathes frequently(12yrs)

22. C. PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
At the age of 6, they should have learned to trust
others and have sense of autonomy.
Learned the fundamentals of getting along in their
particular environment through experiences in
living by asking questions to parents and others.
Having developed a sense of initiative, their
activities should be controlled by their Conscience.

23. 6-8 YEARS
Beginning of development of sense of industry.
Negative counterpart: inferiority.
Continuous to egocentric.
Bossy.
Has a “know it all” attitude.
Craves attention.
Returns of temper- may be use verbal, physicals attack.
Insists on being first on everything.
Has a good day and bad day.
Jealous of siblings.
Fear of injury to body.

24. 8-10 YEARS
 Sense of industry
 Is ready for anything.
 Curious about everything.
 Becoming peer oriented.
 Begins hero worship.
 Consider peer opinion more important than parents.
 Relationship with siblings has improved.
 Has fears that reasonable.
 Aware of appropriate sexual role.
 Enjoys running errands,
 helping mother when she is busy.

25. 10-12 YEARS
 Sense of industry.
 Congenial sincere, confident.
 Respects parents and their role.
 Able to control anger (12 yrs).
 Has short burst of anger(10yrs).
 Hero worships of adults continuous.
 Knows about sexual intercourse.
 Join group- formal and informal.
 Has greater self control.

26. PSYCHOSEXUAL DEVELOPMENT
 The child moves into LATENCY PERIOD. (S. frued)
 During the early Latency period children
associate with same sex peers and tend to ignore
members of opposite sex.
 Girls associate girls in their play and boys with
boys.
 Girls may fears boys of same age and tends to
draw apart from them.

27. Contd…
 Questions about ones sexuality continue.
 Boys and girls should be educate about
reproductive cycle and respective role as they
approach puberty.
 Both male and female sexual changes should be
discussed by a caring parents.
 Usually if a daughter has not asked about menses
by the age of 10 yrs, the parents should gently
introduce the topic and her questions should be
answered fully and completely.

28. INTELLECTUAL OR COGNITIVE
DEVELOPMENT.
Pre-operational thought (4-7 yrs) ( Piaget’s)
• Attention span increases.
• Can describe objects in picture.
• Can see differences more than similarities.
• Can tell time.
• Follows rules to avoid punishment.
• Takes small objects from others.

29. Concrete operational stage (7-11 yrs)
• Ashamed of failures.
• Memory span increases.
• Interested in school work.
• Time usually punctual.
• Shows interest in casual relationship.
• Makes alibis for own faults.

30. Formal operational thought (11-adult)
• Uses problem solving method.
• Can define abstract terms.
• Interest in the why and how.
• Short interest span.
• Collects fact for future use.
• Pre occupied with right and wrong.
• Begins to think about vocation.

31. LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT
• Tremendous growth in their ability to use
words.
• Expand vocabulary by 20,000-30,000 words.
• Sentence structure and use of grammar
improve and pronounce improves.
• Speech proceeds from egocentric to social.
• Unique culture of the children is reflected in
language acquisition and speech patterns.

32. SUMMARY

33. CONCLUSION

34. THANK YOU