Embryo culture is a laboratory method for producing plant lets from a fertilized or unfertilized embryo in invitro condition. there are several advantages are associated with the embryo culture like production of haploid plants, making distant crosses successful, sometimes aborted embryos can be rescued from a unsuccessful hybridization.
The document discusses organogenesis, which is the development of adventitious organs or primordial from undifferentiated plant cell mass through differentiation. It describes the process, including dedifferentiation and redifferentiation stages. There are two types of organogenesis - direct organogenesis which does not involve callus formation, and indirect organogenesis which involves callus formation. Organogenesis is used in plant tissue culture to regenerate plants through shoot or root cultures and is influenced by factors like explant source and size, plant growth regulators, and culture conditions. It has commercial applications in micropropagation of plants.
Restriction enzymes cut DNA molecules at specific recognition sites. Restriction mapping involves digesting an unknown DNA segment with restriction enzymes and analyzing the fragment sizes to determine the locations of restriction sites. One method involves single and double digestions with two enzymes followed by gel electrophoresis to separate the fragments by size. By comparing the fragment patterns between single and double digestions, the positions of each restriction site can be mapped, generating a restriction map of the DNA segment. Restriction mapping was previously important for characterizing cloned DNA but is now easier using DNA sequencing, though analysis of restriction sites remains useful for comparing chromosomal organization between strains.
Somaclonal and gametoclonal variation refer to genetic variations that arise in plants regenerated from cell and tissue cultures. There are two main types - somaclonal variation originating from somatic cells, and gametoclonal variation from gametic cells like pollen. Variations can be induced through long term culture, exposure to mutagens, or selection in media containing inhibitors or toxins. Somaclonal variants are isolated and screened using cytological, biochemical, and molecular markers to identify desirable heritable traits for commercial use in plant breeding programs.
The document discusses totipotency in plant cells. Totipotency refers to the ability of single plant cells to regenerate into a whole plant through cell differentiation and tissue culture techniques. The document outlines various tissue culture systems used to study totipotency, including callus culture, suspension culture, single cell culture, and protoplast culture. Factors that influence a cell's ability to express totipotency, such as the explant source and culture conditions, are also discussed.
This document discusses methods for producing haploid plants. It begins by defining haploid plants and their significance. It then describes the two main approaches for producing haploids - in vivo and in vitro. For in vivo, it outlines several techniques including androgenesis, gynogenesis, distant hybridization, and chemical/radiation treatments. For in vitro, it focuses on anther culture and microspore culture, providing details on the protocol for anther culture in tobacco including pre-treatment, culture conditions, and factors that influence success rates.
introduction
What is virus
What is virus resistance plant
History
Gene use for develop virus resistance plant
Coat protein gene
cDNA of satellite RNA
Defective viral genome
Antisense RNA approach and
Ribozyme – mediated protection
conclusion
References
Embryo culture is a laboratory method for producing plant lets from a fertilized or unfertilized embryo in invitro condition. there are several advantages are associated with the embryo culture like production of haploid plants, making distant crosses successful, sometimes aborted embryos can be rescued from a unsuccessful hybridization.
The document discusses organogenesis, which is the development of adventitious organs or primordial from undifferentiated plant cell mass through differentiation. It describes the process, including dedifferentiation and redifferentiation stages. There are two types of organogenesis - direct organogenesis which does not involve callus formation, and indirect organogenesis which involves callus formation. Organogenesis is used in plant tissue culture to regenerate plants through shoot or root cultures and is influenced by factors like explant source and size, plant growth regulators, and culture conditions. It has commercial applications in micropropagation of plants.
Restriction enzymes cut DNA molecules at specific recognition sites. Restriction mapping involves digesting an unknown DNA segment with restriction enzymes and analyzing the fragment sizes to determine the locations of restriction sites. One method involves single and double digestions with two enzymes followed by gel electrophoresis to separate the fragments by size. By comparing the fragment patterns between single and double digestions, the positions of each restriction site can be mapped, generating a restriction map of the DNA segment. Restriction mapping was previously important for characterizing cloned DNA but is now easier using DNA sequencing, though analysis of restriction sites remains useful for comparing chromosomal organization between strains.
Somaclonal and gametoclonal variation refer to genetic variations that arise in plants regenerated from cell and tissue cultures. There are two main types - somaclonal variation originating from somatic cells, and gametoclonal variation from gametic cells like pollen. Variations can be induced through long term culture, exposure to mutagens, or selection in media containing inhibitors or toxins. Somaclonal variants are isolated and screened using cytological, biochemical, and molecular markers to identify desirable heritable traits for commercial use in plant breeding programs.
The document discusses totipotency in plant cells. Totipotency refers to the ability of single plant cells to regenerate into a whole plant through cell differentiation and tissue culture techniques. The document outlines various tissue culture systems used to study totipotency, including callus culture, suspension culture, single cell culture, and protoplast culture. Factors that influence a cell's ability to express totipotency, such as the explant source and culture conditions, are also discussed.
This document discusses methods for producing haploid plants. It begins by defining haploid plants and their significance. It then describes the two main approaches for producing haploids - in vivo and in vitro. For in vivo, it outlines several techniques including androgenesis, gynogenesis, distant hybridization, and chemical/radiation treatments. For in vitro, it focuses on anther culture and microspore culture, providing details on the protocol for anther culture in tobacco including pre-treatment, culture conditions, and factors that influence success rates.
introduction
What is virus
What is virus resistance plant
History
Gene use for develop virus resistance plant
Coat protein gene
cDNA of satellite RNA
Defective viral genome
Antisense RNA approach and
Ribozyme – mediated protection
conclusion
References
This document discusses protoplast isolation and fusion. It defines a protoplast as a plant, bacterial, or fungal cell that has had its cell wall removed, leaving the plasma membrane intact. The document outlines the history of protoplast isolation, from the first isolation in 1892 to the use of commercial enzyme mixtures in the 1960s. It also describes how protoplasts can be fused using polyethylene glycol or other fusogens to create somatic hybrids for plant breeding purposes.
Cybrids are produced through the fusion of protoplasts from two different plant species, combining the cytoplasm of both but the nucleus of only one species. This technique allows for the transfer of cytoplasmic traits like male sterility between incompatible species. Protoplast isolation, fusion, selection, and regeneration of hybrid cells into whole plants are required to produce cybrids. Cybrids can be used to study cytoplasmic genes and transfer desirable agricultural traits, overcoming sexual incompatibility barriers in plant breeding.
1. The seminar discusses developing transgenic plants resistant to insects through the transfer of resistance genes from microorganisms, higher plants, and animals into crop plants.
2. Major objectives of plant biotechnology are to develop plants resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses. Resistance to insects has been achieved by introducing genes encoding Bt toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis and other insecticidal proteins.
3. Useful genes have been isolated from microbes like B. thuringiensis, higher plants like beans and tobacco, and animals like mammals. These genes have been successfully used to engineer insect-resistant crops like cotton, potato, tomato, and tobacco.
Genetic variations can occur in plants produced through plant tissue culture and be detected as changes in genetic characteristics or phenotypes. Variations commonly include changes in chromosome number and structure. Regenerated plants with chromosomal changes often show alterations in traits like leaf shape and color, growth rate, and fertility. These heritable mutations can persist when plants are transplanted to fields. Somaclonal variations are caused by genetic factors like pre-existing variations in explant cells or mutations during tissue culture, and can result in changes in plant characteristics that are useful for crop improvement.
Totipotency refers to a plant cell's genetic potential to regenerate an entire plant. In plant tissue culture, cells taken from plant parts can form an unorganized mass of cells called callus tissue when placed in a sterile nutrient medium. The cells within callus tissue are totipotent, meaning they have the ability to regenerate into a whole plant under the right conditions and hormone manipulations. Totipotency is important for plant science applications like vegetative propagation of crops, genetic modification of plants, and preservation of endangered plant species through long-term storage of totipotent cells.
The Ri plasmid is a plasmid found in Agrobacterium rhizogenes bacteria that causes hairy root disease in plants. The plasmid contains genes that allow it to integrate portions of its DNA (T-DNA regions) into the plant genome. These integrated genes cause uncontrolled root growth and the formation of hairy roots. The Ri plasmid shares similarities with the Ti plasmid found in Agrobacterium tumefaciens, including virulence genes that mediate the transfer of T-DNA into plant cells and opine synthesis genes. Integration of the T-DNA from the Ri plasmid alters plant hormone production and induces hairy root formation.
WHAT IS ARTIFICIAL SEED..?
Artificial seed can be defined as artificial encapsulation of somatic embryos, shoot bud or aggregates of cell of any tissues which has the ability to form a plant in in-vitro or ex-vivo condition.
Artificial seed have also been often referred to as synthetic seed.
HISTORY
Artificial seeds were first introduced in 1970’s as a novel analogue to the plant seeds.
The production of artificial seeds is useful for plants which do not produce viable seeds. It represents a method to propagate these plants.
Artificial seeds are small sized and these provides further advantages in storage, handling and shipping.
The term, “EMBLING” is used for the plants originated from synthetic seed.
• The use of synthetic varieties for commercial cultivation was first suggested in Maize (Hays & Garber, 1919).
Electroporation is a method to transform cells by creating transient pores in the cell membrane through applying brief high-voltage electric pulses, allowing DNA to enter the cell. It involves suspending cells in a solution with DNA between electrodes and applying pulses of 4000-8000 V/cm for milliseconds. This forms pores in the membrane through which DNA can enter. It is commonly used to transform bacteria, yeast, plant protoplasts, and transfect eukaryotic cells. Key factors influencing electroporation include field strength, pulse length, DNA purity and concentration, and cell growth conditions.
Gene tagging uses recognizable DNA fragments like T-DNA or transposons to disrupt gene function and identify genes responsible for mutant phenotypes. T-DNA tagging in plants involves random integration of Agrobacterium T-DNA that can disrupt genes and create mutants. Transposon tagging relies on the ability of transposons to move within genomes and disrupt gene function. Both techniques have been used successfully to isolate numerous plant genes involved in traits like color and development.
INTRODUCTION
WHAT IS ANDROGENESIS ?
HISTORY
TYPES OF ANDROGENESIS TECHNIQUES
ONTOGENY OF ANDROGENIC HAPLOIDS
GYNOGENESIS
FACTORS AFFECTING ANDROGENESIS
APPLICATIONS OF ANDROGENESIS
LIMITATIONS
REFERENCES
This document discusses distant hybridization and various techniques used to produce haploid plants. Distant hybridization refers to crosses between individuals of different plant species or genera. Such crosses can result in fully fertile, partially fertile, or fully sterile offspring depending on chromosomal homology. Androgenesis and gynogenesis are techniques used to induce haploid plants from male and female gametes, respectively. Androgenesis involves culturing immature anthers or isolated microspores while gynogenesis involves culturing unpollinated flower parts. Wide hybridization is also used to induce maternal haploids. Factors like genotype, developmental stage, and culture conditions influence haploid induction and regeneration.
The isolation, culture and fusion of protoplasts is a fascinating field in plant research. Protoplast isolation and their cultures provide millions of single cells (comparable to microbial cells) for a variety of studies.
1. Callus culture involves growing undifferentiated plant cells and tissues on a nutrient medium under sterile conditions. This allows for the production of genetically identical clones without seeds or pollination.
2. A callus is an unorganized mass of cells formed from injured or cultured plant tissue. Successful callus culture requires selecting an explant, preparing sterile culture media, and regulating hormone levels to induce cell proliferation.
3. Callus cultures are maintained through periodic sub-culturing to replenish nutrients and prevent toxicity. The growth and characteristics of callus tissue can provide insights into plant cell metabolism, differentiation, and pathways for genetic engineering applications.
Establishment and maintenance of callus and suspension culture.pptxSujata Koundal
This document discusses callus and suspension cultures. Callus cultures involve growing loose aggregates of parenchyma cells on a solid nutrient medium. Suspension cultures grow tissues and cells in liquid medium with constant agitation. Batch cultures use a limited supply of nutrients until they are depleted, while continuous cultures maintain a steady state by draining out used medium and adding fresh medium. Both callus and suspension cultures need to be sub-cultured regularly to maintain healthy growth.
Chloroplasts contain their own DNA and are the site of photosynthesis. Chloroplast transformation involves delivering a vector with the gene of interest and a selectable marker flanked by chloroplast DNA sequences for homologous recombination. The vector is delivered using biolistics or PEG-mediated transformation. Transformed cells are selected using antibiotic resistance and regenerated into plants. Chloroplast transformation allows high-level expression of transgenes due to high copy number and avoids gene silencing.
Androgenesis is the production of haploid plants through the culture of male gametophytes or microspores. There are two main methods - anther culture and isolated pollen/microspore culture. Anther culture involves excising anthers from flower buds and culturing them on nutrient media, while microspore culture isolates microspores from anthers. Several factors influence androgenesis success, including genotype, anther wall components, culture medium, growth regulators, and physical conditions. Androgenic haploids can develop directly from microspores or indirectly through a callus phase, following various developmental pathways. Androgenesis allows for the efficient production of haploid plants for breeding programs.
Anther culture is a technique where anthers are excised from flower buds and cultured to produce haploid plants. The first report of haploid tissue from anther culture was in 1964-1966 in Datura pollen grains. Over 250 species have been produced through anther culture, most commonly in families like Solanaceae, Cruciferae, and Poaceae. Haploid plants are useful for identifying recessive traits, eliminating lethal genes, and producing homozygous diploid plants more quickly. There are several pathways that microspores can follow during anther culture, such as symmetric or asymmetric division, to produce haploid plants. Successful anther culture requires optimizing various factors like donor plant genotype, anther
Impact on agriculture, forestry and horticultureeVidhya
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
This document discusses protoplast isolation and fusion. It defines a protoplast as a plant, bacterial, or fungal cell that has had its cell wall removed, leaving the plasma membrane intact. The document outlines the history of protoplast isolation, from the first isolation in 1892 to the use of commercial enzyme mixtures in the 1960s. It also describes how protoplasts can be fused using polyethylene glycol or other fusogens to create somatic hybrids for plant breeding purposes.
Cybrids are produced through the fusion of protoplasts from two different plant species, combining the cytoplasm of both but the nucleus of only one species. This technique allows for the transfer of cytoplasmic traits like male sterility between incompatible species. Protoplast isolation, fusion, selection, and regeneration of hybrid cells into whole plants are required to produce cybrids. Cybrids can be used to study cytoplasmic genes and transfer desirable agricultural traits, overcoming sexual incompatibility barriers in plant breeding.
1. The seminar discusses developing transgenic plants resistant to insects through the transfer of resistance genes from microorganisms, higher plants, and animals into crop plants.
2. Major objectives of plant biotechnology are to develop plants resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses. Resistance to insects has been achieved by introducing genes encoding Bt toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis and other insecticidal proteins.
3. Useful genes have been isolated from microbes like B. thuringiensis, higher plants like beans and tobacco, and animals like mammals. These genes have been successfully used to engineer insect-resistant crops like cotton, potato, tomato, and tobacco.
Genetic variations can occur in plants produced through plant tissue culture and be detected as changes in genetic characteristics or phenotypes. Variations commonly include changes in chromosome number and structure. Regenerated plants with chromosomal changes often show alterations in traits like leaf shape and color, growth rate, and fertility. These heritable mutations can persist when plants are transplanted to fields. Somaclonal variations are caused by genetic factors like pre-existing variations in explant cells or mutations during tissue culture, and can result in changes in plant characteristics that are useful for crop improvement.
Totipotency refers to a plant cell's genetic potential to regenerate an entire plant. In plant tissue culture, cells taken from plant parts can form an unorganized mass of cells called callus tissue when placed in a sterile nutrient medium. The cells within callus tissue are totipotent, meaning they have the ability to regenerate into a whole plant under the right conditions and hormone manipulations. Totipotency is important for plant science applications like vegetative propagation of crops, genetic modification of plants, and preservation of endangered plant species through long-term storage of totipotent cells.
The Ri plasmid is a plasmid found in Agrobacterium rhizogenes bacteria that causes hairy root disease in plants. The plasmid contains genes that allow it to integrate portions of its DNA (T-DNA regions) into the plant genome. These integrated genes cause uncontrolled root growth and the formation of hairy roots. The Ri plasmid shares similarities with the Ti plasmid found in Agrobacterium tumefaciens, including virulence genes that mediate the transfer of T-DNA into plant cells and opine synthesis genes. Integration of the T-DNA from the Ri plasmid alters plant hormone production and induces hairy root formation.
WHAT IS ARTIFICIAL SEED..?
Artificial seed can be defined as artificial encapsulation of somatic embryos, shoot bud or aggregates of cell of any tissues which has the ability to form a plant in in-vitro or ex-vivo condition.
Artificial seed have also been often referred to as synthetic seed.
HISTORY
Artificial seeds were first introduced in 1970’s as a novel analogue to the plant seeds.
The production of artificial seeds is useful for plants which do not produce viable seeds. It represents a method to propagate these plants.
Artificial seeds are small sized and these provides further advantages in storage, handling and shipping.
The term, “EMBLING” is used for the plants originated from synthetic seed.
• The use of synthetic varieties for commercial cultivation was first suggested in Maize (Hays & Garber, 1919).
Electroporation is a method to transform cells by creating transient pores in the cell membrane through applying brief high-voltage electric pulses, allowing DNA to enter the cell. It involves suspending cells in a solution with DNA between electrodes and applying pulses of 4000-8000 V/cm for milliseconds. This forms pores in the membrane through which DNA can enter. It is commonly used to transform bacteria, yeast, plant protoplasts, and transfect eukaryotic cells. Key factors influencing electroporation include field strength, pulse length, DNA purity and concentration, and cell growth conditions.
Gene tagging uses recognizable DNA fragments like T-DNA or transposons to disrupt gene function and identify genes responsible for mutant phenotypes. T-DNA tagging in plants involves random integration of Agrobacterium T-DNA that can disrupt genes and create mutants. Transposon tagging relies on the ability of transposons to move within genomes and disrupt gene function. Both techniques have been used successfully to isolate numerous plant genes involved in traits like color and development.
INTRODUCTION
WHAT IS ANDROGENESIS ?
HISTORY
TYPES OF ANDROGENESIS TECHNIQUES
ONTOGENY OF ANDROGENIC HAPLOIDS
GYNOGENESIS
FACTORS AFFECTING ANDROGENESIS
APPLICATIONS OF ANDROGENESIS
LIMITATIONS
REFERENCES
This document discusses distant hybridization and various techniques used to produce haploid plants. Distant hybridization refers to crosses between individuals of different plant species or genera. Such crosses can result in fully fertile, partially fertile, or fully sterile offspring depending on chromosomal homology. Androgenesis and gynogenesis are techniques used to induce haploid plants from male and female gametes, respectively. Androgenesis involves culturing immature anthers or isolated microspores while gynogenesis involves culturing unpollinated flower parts. Wide hybridization is also used to induce maternal haploids. Factors like genotype, developmental stage, and culture conditions influence haploid induction and regeneration.
The isolation, culture and fusion of protoplasts is a fascinating field in plant research. Protoplast isolation and their cultures provide millions of single cells (comparable to microbial cells) for a variety of studies.
1. Callus culture involves growing undifferentiated plant cells and tissues on a nutrient medium under sterile conditions. This allows for the production of genetically identical clones without seeds or pollination.
2. A callus is an unorganized mass of cells formed from injured or cultured plant tissue. Successful callus culture requires selecting an explant, preparing sterile culture media, and regulating hormone levels to induce cell proliferation.
3. Callus cultures are maintained through periodic sub-culturing to replenish nutrients and prevent toxicity. The growth and characteristics of callus tissue can provide insights into plant cell metabolism, differentiation, and pathways for genetic engineering applications.
Establishment and maintenance of callus and suspension culture.pptxSujata Koundal
This document discusses callus and suspension cultures. Callus cultures involve growing loose aggregates of parenchyma cells on a solid nutrient medium. Suspension cultures grow tissues and cells in liquid medium with constant agitation. Batch cultures use a limited supply of nutrients until they are depleted, while continuous cultures maintain a steady state by draining out used medium and adding fresh medium. Both callus and suspension cultures need to be sub-cultured regularly to maintain healthy growth.
Chloroplasts contain their own DNA and are the site of photosynthesis. Chloroplast transformation involves delivering a vector with the gene of interest and a selectable marker flanked by chloroplast DNA sequences for homologous recombination. The vector is delivered using biolistics or PEG-mediated transformation. Transformed cells are selected using antibiotic resistance and regenerated into plants. Chloroplast transformation allows high-level expression of transgenes due to high copy number and avoids gene silencing.
Androgenesis is the production of haploid plants through the culture of male gametophytes or microspores. There are two main methods - anther culture and isolated pollen/microspore culture. Anther culture involves excising anthers from flower buds and culturing them on nutrient media, while microspore culture isolates microspores from anthers. Several factors influence androgenesis success, including genotype, anther wall components, culture medium, growth regulators, and physical conditions. Androgenic haploids can develop directly from microspores or indirectly through a callus phase, following various developmental pathways. Androgenesis allows for the efficient production of haploid plants for breeding programs.
Anther culture is a technique where anthers are excised from flower buds and cultured to produce haploid plants. The first report of haploid tissue from anther culture was in 1964-1966 in Datura pollen grains. Over 250 species have been produced through anther culture, most commonly in families like Solanaceae, Cruciferae, and Poaceae. Haploid plants are useful for identifying recessive traits, eliminating lethal genes, and producing homozygous diploid plants more quickly. There are several pathways that microspores can follow during anther culture, such as symmetric or asymmetric division, to produce haploid plants. Successful anther culture requires optimizing various factors like donor plant genotype, anther
Impact on agriculture, forestry and horticultureeVidhya
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
This document provides a tutorial on basic Microsoft Word functions including opening, editing, formatting, and saving documents. It covers starting Word, inserting text, finding and replacing text, saving documents in a specific folder, opening existing documents, selecting and copying text, spell checking, formatting text features like font and style, adding audio recordings to documents, printing documents, exiting Word, and creating new documents. The tutorial is intended to teach fundamental Word skills and consists of step-by-step activities and explanations of Word's interface elements and commands.
1. The document provides instructions for typing and using Kannada language in OpenOffice on Ubuntu. It explains how to set the Kannada input method using SCIM and install the Lohit Kannada font for typing Kannada.
2. Steps are given to set the Kannada language settings in OpenOffice, including enabling Complex Text Layout and setting Kannada as the default language.
3. Keyboard shortcuts are described for typing Kannada characters and switching between input languages in OpenOffice using the SCIM input method.
This document provides an overview of computers, including:
1) A computer manipulates data and can be used for tasks like document writing, emailing, web browsing, spreadsheets, and more.
2) Computers are categorized by their size and use, including supercomputers, mainframes, minicomputers, and microcomputers.
3) Programming languages allow users to communicate with computers and are divided into low-level languages close to machine code and high-level languages resembling English.
This document provides step-by-step instructions for creating a basic PowerPoint presentation with titles, text, images, and formatting. It begins with opening PowerPoint and selecting a blank presentation. The steps then guide adding a title slide with centered text, selecting layouts and formatting fonts for subsequent slides. Instructions are provided for inserting text boxes, custom bullets, animations, and downloading/inserting an image. The document teaches how to duplicate slides and modify titles, text, and images. The overall summary is a tutorial for building a simple PowerPoint presentation from scratch.
Element of an electronic speadsheet ms exceleVidhya
This document provides an introduction to Microsoft Excel and describes its basic elements and functions. It discusses the purpose of electronic spreadsheets and outlines four lessons: [1] an overview of Excel and common spreadsheet elements; [2] elements common to Excel and Word windows; [3] unique Excel elements like cells, columns, rows, and tabs; and [4] working with spreadsheet cells. The document guides the user through opening and downloading an Excel file and exploring values and formulas in its cells.
Internet Explorer is a web browser included with Windows operating systems. It allows users to browse the web by typing URLs or search terms. Navigation buttons allow moving backward and forward between pages or refreshing pages. Users can customize Internet Explorer by choosing homepage and default browser settings. Add-ons can be installed to expand functionality by adding search engines or blocking ads.
The document describes the basic features and interface of Windows XP, including the desktop, icons, taskbar, start menu, programs, windows, and controls. It explains how to use a mouse to click, double click, drag and drop icons. It also covers starting and closing programs, running multiple programs simultaneously, manipulating window sizes and views, and accessing help.
A Visual Guide to 1 Samuel | A Tale of Two HeartsSteve Thomason
These slides walk through the story of 1 Samuel. Samuel is the last judge of Israel. The people reject God and want a king. Saul is anointed as the first king, but he is not a good king. David, the shepherd boy is anointed and Saul is envious of him. David shows honor while Saul continues to self destruct.
This presentation was provided by Rebecca Benner, Ph.D., of the American Society of Anesthesiologists, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationTechSoup
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥
إضغ بين إيديكم من أقوى الملازم التي صممتها
ملزمة تشريح الجهاز الهيكلي (نظري 3)
💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀
تتميز هذهِ الملزمة بعِدة مُميزات :
1- مُترجمة ترجمة تُناسب جميع المستويات
2- تحتوي على 78 رسم توضيحي لكل كلمة موجودة بالملزمة (لكل كلمة !!!!)
#فهم_ماكو_درخ
3- دقة الكتابة والصور عالية جداً جداً جداً
4- هُنالك بعض المعلومات تم توضيحها بشكل تفصيلي جداً (تُعتبر لدى الطالب أو الطالبة بإنها معلومات مُبهمة ومع ذلك تم توضيح هذهِ المعلومات المُبهمة بشكل تفصيلي جداً
5- الملزمة تشرح نفسها ب نفسها بس تكلك تعال اقراني
6- تحتوي الملزمة في اول سلايد على خارطة تتضمن جميع تفرُعات معلومات الجهاز الهيكلي المذكورة في هذهِ الملزمة
واخيراً هذهِ الملزمة حلالٌ عليكم وإتمنى منكم إن تدعولي بالخير والصحة والعافية فقط
كل التوفيق زملائي وزميلاتي ، زميلكم محمد الذهبي 💊💊
🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) CurriculumMJDuyan
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation resultsKrassimira Luka
The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
THE SACRIFICE HOW PRO-PALESTINE PROTESTS STUDENTS ARE SACRIFICING TO CHANGE T...indexPub
The recent surge in pro-Palestine student activism has prompted significant responses from universities, ranging from negotiations and divestment commitments to increased transparency about investments in companies supporting the war on Gaza. This activism has led to the cessation of student encampments but also highlighted the substantial sacrifices made by students, including academic disruptions and personal risks. The primary drivers of these protests are poor university administration, lack of transparency, and inadequate communication between officials and students. This study examines the profound emotional, psychological, and professional impacts on students engaged in pro-Palestine protests, focusing on Generation Z's (Gen-Z) activism dynamics. This paper explores the significant sacrifices made by these students and even the professors supporting the pro-Palestine movement, with a focus on recent global movements. Through an in-depth analysis of printed and electronic media, the study examines the impacts of these sacrifices on the academic and personal lives of those involved. The paper highlights examples from various universities, demonstrating student activism's long-term and short-term effects, including disciplinary actions, social backlash, and career implications. The researchers also explore the broader implications of student sacrifices. The findings reveal that these sacrifices are driven by a profound commitment to justice and human rights, and are influenced by the increasing availability of information, peer interactions, and personal convictions. The study also discusses the broader implications of this activism, comparing it to historical precedents and assessing its potential to influence policy and public opinion. The emotional and psychological toll on student activists is significant, but their sense of purpose and community support mitigates some of these challenges. However, the researchers call for acknowledging the broader Impact of these sacrifices on the future global movement of FreePalestine.
How Barcodes Can Be Leveraged Within Odoo 17Celine George
In this presentation, we will explore how barcodes can be leveraged within Odoo 17 to streamline our manufacturing processes. We will cover the configuration steps, how to utilize barcodes in different manufacturing scenarios, and the overall benefits of implementing this technology.