2. Introduction
Children are more susceptible to diseases for
a number of reasons. Childhood is a period
when the immune system is still being
developed.This vulnerability explains the
large number of diseases that affect
children. Children under 5 are especially
vulnerable to infectious diseases like ,
pneumonia, diarrhoea, and tuberculosis..
3. COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
DISEASES SPREAD FROM PERSON TO PERSON
CAUSED BY HARMFUL GERMS
3 STAGES in Communicable Diseases
– INCUBATION STAGE –The period from the time the germs
enter the body to the time the symptoms appear. During
this stage the germs multiply rapidly and start affecting the
body systems.
- ACUTE STAGE –The period of actual suffering . During this
stage the germs multiply rapidly and start affecting the
body systems
-CONVALESCENCE STAGE -The patient recovers gradually
and returns to normal, but may continue to be a source of
infection even if feeling better
4. COMMON COLD- SYMPTOMS
Causative Agent -COLDVIRUS
Symptoms
RUNNING NOSE
HEADACHE
Light temperature
COUGH
Prevention
APPLY CAMPHOR OIL over chest
5. DIARRHOEA
Symptoms
Loose Watery Motion due to infection of the
digestive system
Excessive loss of water and minerals leads to the
death of the child. It is called KILLER DISEASE
DEHYDRATION- excessive thirst, dry mouth
&tongue
Prevention
ORT –ONE PINCH OF SALT AND FOUR PINCHES
OF SUGAR IN A GLASS OF BOILED & COOLED
WATER
10. MEASLES
Causative Agent: MEASLESVIRUS
symptoms-cold ,cough &fever
Eyes become red & watery
Rashes
PREVENTION
ONE DOSE OF MEASLESVACCINE
BETWEEN 9&12 MONTHS
11. CHICKEN POX
Causative agent : VARIOLA MINOR
Symptoms
FEVER
RAISED PINK SPOTSON HEAD, FACEAND
WAIST
NODULESAND BLISTERS & CRUST
INCUBATION PERIOD – 11-21 DAYS
Treatment
Put calamine lotion on itchy areas
12. DIPTHERIA
Causative agent - CORYNEBACTERUM
DIPHTHERIAE
SORETHROAT
DIFFICULTY IN SWALLOWING
MILD FEVER & DIFFICULTY IN BREATHING
PREVENTION
3 DOSESOF DPT BEFORE FIRST BIRTHDAY
13. PERTUSSIS
WHOOPING COUGH
CAUSED BY BACTERIA –BORDETELLA
PERTUSSIS
Symptoms- COLD ,COUGH& RUNNING
NOSE FOR 7 DAYS.After 7 days non stopping
cough.The child finds difficult to breathe.
Treatment
3 doses of DPTVaccine
14. TETANUS
CAUSED BY BACTERIA – CLOSTRIDIUM
TETANI
Symptoms
Sucking reflex stops
Cannot open the mouth
Jaws become rigid
Fever
Convulsions
15. POLIOMYELITIS
CAUSED BY – ENTEROVIRUS
Childhood Paralysis
Fever , Mild Cough & Cold
Pain in the Legs and Arms
Prevention
Three doses of OPV